Cold region tunnel decompression drainage unfreezing structure and method utilizing underground water temperature difference

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, and discloses a cold region tunnel decompression, drainage and unfreezing structure and method utilizing underground water temperature difference, and the structure comprises a semi-cylindrical frame structure, a supporting framework, a permeable hose, a transverse drainage pipe and a longitudinal drainage pipe; the supporting framework is longitudinally laid on the arc-shaped surface of the semi-cylindrical frame. The permeable hose transversely surrounds the arc-shaped surface of the semi-cylindrical frame; the transverse drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the section of the semi-cylindrical frame; and the longitudinal drainage pipes are arranged at the bottoms of the two arc-shaped sides of the semi-cylindrical frame. The water volume is adjusted through the supporting framework, and internal high water temperature is used for guiding the outside for heating and freezing prevention of the upper portion of the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure and method utilizing groundwater temperature differences. Background Art

[0002] In cold regions, tunnels are susceptible to frost damage, such as ice hanging, ice spikes, ice plugs, ice wedges, surrounding rock frost heave, lining concrete freeze-thaw damage, lining shrinkage cracking, etc. These frost damage phenomena not only affect the normal use of the tunnel, but also may threaten the structural safety of the tunnel.

[0003] Traditional tunnel waterproofing and drainage technologies in cold regions often rely on experience and lack scientific technical support. For example, some insulation measures may not be able to effectively prevent frost damage, or their effectiveness may decrease during long-term use.

[0004] In order to solve the freezing problem of tunnels in cold regions, researchers began to explore the use of groundwater temperature differences to achieve tunnel decompression, drainage and thawing. This technology uses the difference in temperature between groundwater and the tunnel. Through reasonable structural design, groundwater can effectively take away the heat in the tunnel, thereby reducing the temperature in the tunnel and preventing freezing damage.

[0005] However, the existing method of using groundwater temperature difference to achieve tunnel decompression drainage and thawing cannot accurately predict and target thawing and drainage, and cannot be automated.

[0006] In order to solve these problems, there is an urgent need for a cold-region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure and method that utilizes the groundwater temperature difference. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure using groundwater temperature difference, wherein the cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure is a semi-cylindrical frame structure as a whole, including a support frame, a permeable hose, a transverse drainage pipe and a longitudinal drainage pipe;

[0008] The support frame is longitudinally laid on the arc surface of the semi-cylindrical frame;

[0009] The water-permeable hose is transversely wrapped around the arc-shaped surface of the semi-cylindrical frame;

[0010] The transverse drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the semi-cylindrical frame section;

[0011] The longitudinal drainage pipes are arranged at the bottom of both sides of the arc of the semi-cylindrical frame.

[0012] Preferably, the support frame and the water-permeable hose are provided with a plurality of strips which are perpendicular to each other;

[0013] The support frame is connected to the water-permeable hose via an electric four-way ball valve.

[0014] Preferably, the water-permeable hose close to the cross section in the water-permeable hose is defined as an outer hose, and the rest are inner hoses;

[0015] The internal hose is connected to the longitudinal drain pipe through an electric three-way ball valve;

[0016] The outer hose is connected to the longitudinal drain pipe and the transverse drain pipe through an electric three-way ball valve.

[0017] Preferably, the transverse drainage pipe comprises a first sub-pipe and a second sub-pipe;

[0018] A drainage ditch is connected between the first sub-pipe and the second sub-pipe;

[0019] Water pumps are arranged on both sides of the drainage ditch, and the water pumps include a first water pump and a second water pump;

[0020] One end of the first pump is connected to groundwater, and the other end is connected to a horizontal drainage pipe through an electric three-way ball valve;

[0021] One end of the second pump is connected to a transverse drainage pipe and the other end is connected to a drainage ditch;

[0022] The first sub-pipe is connected to the electric three-way ball valve and a water switch valve is arranged in the middle of the drainage ditch.

[0023] Preferably, a temperature sensor is provided inside the electric four-way ball valve and the electric three-way ball valve.

[0024] A cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing method using groundwater temperature difference is applied to a cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure using groundwater temperature difference, comprising:

[0025] Obtain past tunnel drainage failure conditions and obtain the failure status faced by different tunnels;

[0026] Determine the number of supporting frames and permeable hoses required for the decompression, drainage and thawing structure of the cold zone tunnel according to the current tunnel conditions and build them;

[0027] Record real-time weather conditions and monitor temperature sensors in real time and draw temperature curves of decompression, drainage and thawing structure locations in tunnels in different cold regions;

[0028] The real-time weather conditions are used as input and the temperature curve is used as output, and a neural network model is used for training and prediction to obtain a temperature prediction model;

[0029] Combined with the weather forecast, the future weather conditions are obtained, and the future weather conditions are input into the temperature prediction model to obtain the predicted temperature of the decompression drainage and thawing structure sites of tunnels in different cold regions;

[0030] The decompression, drainage and thawing structure of cold-region tunnels is regulated according to the predicted temperatures of different cold-region tunnel decompression, drainage and thawing structure sites.

[0031] Preferably, the specific contents of regulating the cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure according to the predicted temperatures of different cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure sites are:

[0032] The predicted temperatures of decompression drainage and thawing structure sites of different cold-region tunnels were statistically screened to obtain the problem points;

[0033] Obtain the time, location and initial trend of the problem point;

[0034] Determine the target number of electric four-way ball valves to be regulated based on the initial trend;

[0035] Determine the target electric four-way ball valve control time according to the time when the problem occurs;

[0036] Determine the target electric four-way ball valve control point based on the problem point.

[0037] Preferably, the electric four-way ball valves are numbered incrementally from the inside to the outside;

[0038] Determine the direction of the initial trend and rate the volatility of the initial trend;

[0039] If the initial trend is upward, close the longitudinal switch of the electric four-way ball valve and open the electric three-way ball valve to circulate;

[0040] If the initial trend is downward, calculate the downward slope at different time stages;

[0041] A slope-number absolute value comparison table is preset, and the number of longitudinal switches of the electric four-way ball valve opened at the same time is determined according to the descending slope.

[0042] Preferably, a standard advance control time is preset, and the target electric four-way ball valve control time is determined according to the time when the problem occurs;

[0043] A controllable descent slope range is preset. If the controllable descent slope exceeds the controllable descent slope range, a time conversion coefficient is configured for the controllable descent slope. The time conversion coefficient is multiplied by the standard advance control time to obtain the sudden control time. The sudden control time is combined with the time when the problem point occurs to determine the sudden target electric four-way ball valve control time.

[0044] Preferably, in the process of determining the target electric four-way ball valve control position according to the problem point, a standard temperature difference range is preset, and the predicted temperatures of the decompression drainage and thawing structure positions of tunnels in different cold regions are statistically analyzed and sorted in descending order;

[0045] The site with the first screening order and a temperature difference value with the problem site that exceeds the temperature range is the initial position regulation site;

[0046] Open the longitudinal switch of the electric four-way ball valve between the initial position control point and the problem point.

[0047] If the current freezing problem cannot be overcome by regulating the corresponding electric four-way ball valve at the problem point, groundwater is introduced through the first water pump and the corresponding electric four-way ball valve is opened for regional circulation.

[0048] In summary, compared with the traditional technology, the present invention is a cold-region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure and method that utilizes the groundwater temperature difference. The present invention uses a supporting skeleton to adjust the water volume, uses the internal high water temperature to guide the outside, and heats the upper part of the tunnel to prevent freezing. When the internal water temperature is not enough, it can also be adjusted by introducing groundwater. The method provided by the present invention realizes the purpose of early prediction and taking protective measures, and precise control, making the overall structure more automated.

[0049] The technical method of the present invention is further described in detail below through the drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 This is a front view of a cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure utilizing groundwater temperature difference according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 A side view of a cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure utilizing groundwater temperature difference according to the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a step diagram of a method for decompressing, draining and thawing a tunnel in a cold region by utilizing the temperature difference of groundwater according to the present invention.

[0053] Reference numerals

[0054] 1. Support frame; 2. Permeable hose; 3. Horizontal drainage pipe; 31. Drain ditch; 32. Water pump; 321. First water pump; 322. Second water pump; 33. Electric switch valve; 34. First sub-pipe; 35. Second sub-pipe; 4. Longitudinal drainage pipe; 5. Semi-cylindrical frame structure; 6. Electric four-way ball valve; 7. Electric three-way ball valve; 8. Temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The technical method of the present invention is further described below by means of the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0056] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present application, its application, or uses.

[0057] Technologies, systems, and devices known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, systems, and devices should be considered part of the specification.

[0058] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0059] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the common meanings understood by one having ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0060] The present invention provides a cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure utilizing groundwater temperature difference. The cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure is an overall semi-cylindrical frame structure 5, including a supporting frame 1, a permeable hose 2, a transverse drainage pipe 3 and a longitudinal drainage pipe 4.

[0061] The support frame 1 is longitudinally laid on the arc surface of the semi-cylindrical frame. The support frame 1 and the water-permeable hose 2 are provided with a plurality of lines perpendicular to each other. The support frame 1 and the water-permeable hose 2 are connected through an electric four-way ball valve 6.

[0062] The water-permeable hose 2 is laterally wrapped around the arc surface of the semi-cylindrical frame. The water-permeable hose 2 close to the cross section is defined as the outer hose, and the rest are inner hoses; the inner hose is connected to the longitudinal drain pipe 4 through the electric three-way ball valve 7; the outer hose is connected to the longitudinal drain pipe 4 and the transverse drain pipe 3 through the electric three-way ball valve 7.

[0063] The electric three-way ball valve 7 and the electric four-way ball valve 6 can form a local circulation loop of warm water by closing the switch, so that a circulation can be formed inside the cold zone tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure. The water inside the cold zone tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure (with high water temperature) can be circulated to the possible frozen areas to alleviate the freezing situation.

[0064] The transverse drainage pipe 3 is arranged at the bottom of the semi-cylindrical frame section, and the transverse drainage pipe 3 includes a first sub-pipe 34 and a second sub-pipe 35; a drainage ditch 31 is connected between the first sub-pipe 34 and the second sub-pipe 35; water pumps 32 are arranged on both sides of the drainage ditch 31, and the water pumps 32 include a first water pump 321 and a second water pump 322; one end of the first water pump 321 is connected to groundwater and the other end is connected to the transverse drainage pipe 3 through an electric three-way ball valve 7; one end of the second water pump 322 is connected to the transverse drainage pipe 3 and the other end is connected to the drainage ditch 31; the first sub-pipe 34 is connected to the electric three-way ball valve 7 and an electric switch valve 33 is arranged in the middle of the drainage ditch 31.

[0065] The first water pump 321 is used to introduce groundwater into the cold zone tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure, and cooperates with the electric three-way ball valve 7 and the electric four-way ball valve 6 to form a warm water local circulation loop to thaw the frozen area.

[0066] The water pump is set in concrete and provided with a protective box with a steel frame.

[0067] The longitudinal drainage pipe 4 is arranged at the bottom of both sides of the arc of the semi-cylindrical frame, and the electric four-way ball valve 6 and the electric three-way ball valve 7 are provided with temperature sensors 8 inside.

[0068] A cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing method using groundwater temperature difference is applied to a cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure using groundwater temperature difference, comprising:

[0069] Obtain past tunnel drainage failure conditions and find out the failure states faced by different tunnels.

[0070] According to the current tunnel conditions, the number of supporting frames 1 and permeable hoses 2 required for the current cold zone tunnel decompression, drainage and thawing structure is determined and constructed.

[0071] Record the real-time weather conditions, monitor the temperature sensor 8 in real time, and draw the temperature curves of the decompression, drainage and thawing structure sites of different cold-region tunnels.

[0072] The real-time weather conditions are taken as input and the temperature curve is taken as output. The neural network model is used for training and prediction to obtain the temperature prediction model.

[0073] The future weather conditions are obtained by combining the weather forecast, and the future weather conditions are input into the temperature prediction model to obtain the predicted temperature of the decompression drainage and thawing structure sites of tunnels in different cold regions.

[0074] The decompression, drainage and thawing structure of cold-region tunnels is regulated according to the predicted temperatures of different cold-region tunnel decompression, drainage and thawing structure sites.

[0075] Furthermore, the specific contents of regulating the decompression, drainage and thawing structure of cold-region tunnels according to the predicted temperatures of different cold-region tunnel decompression, drainage and thawing structure sites are as follows:

[0076] The predicted temperatures of decompression, drainage and thawing structure sites in tunnels in different cold regions were statistically screened to obtain the problem points.

[0077] Get the time, location and initial trend of the problem point.

[0078] The target number of electric four-way ball valves 6 to be regulated is determined based on the initial trend.

[0079] The target electric four-way ball valve 6 control time is determined according to the time when the problem occurs.

[0080] Determine the target electric four-way ball valve 6 control point according to the problem point.

[0081] Furthermore, the electric four-way ball valves 6 are numbered in ascending order from the inside to the outside.

[0082] Determine the direction of the initial trend and rate the volatility of the initial trend.

[0083] If the initial trend is upward, close the longitudinal switch of the electric four-way ball valve 6 and open the electric three-way ball valve 7 for circulation.

[0084] If the initial trend is downward, calculate the downward slope at different time stages.

[0085] A slope-number absolute value comparison table is preset, and the number of longitudinal switches of the electric four-way ball valve 6 opened at the same time is determined according to the descending slope.

[0086] Furthermore, a standard advance control time is preset, and the target control time of the electric four-way ball valve 6 is determined according to the time when the problem occurs.

[0087] A controllable descent slope range is preset. If the controllable descent slope exceeds the controllable descent slope range, a time conversion coefficient is configured for the controllable descent slope. The time conversion coefficient is multiplied by the standard advance control time to obtain the sudden control time. The sudden control time is combined with the time when the problem point occurs to determine the sudden target electric four-way ball valve 6 control time.

[0088] Furthermore, in the process of determining the target electric four-way ball valve 6 control position according to the problem point, a standard temperature difference range is preset, and the predicted temperatures of the decompression, drainage and thawing structure positions of tunnels in different cold regions are statistically analyzed and sorted in descending order.

[0089] The site that is first in the screening order and whose temperature difference value with the problem point exceeds the temperature range is the initial position regulation site.

[0090] Open the electric four-way ball valve 6 longitudinal switch between the initial position control point and the problem point.

[0091] If the current freezing problem cannot be overcome by regulating the electric four-way ball valve 6 corresponding to the problem point, groundwater is introduced through the first water pump 321 and the corresponding electric four-way ball valve 6 is opened for regional circulation.

[0092] By directing groundwater to a specific area, heat exchange is carried out by utilizing the temperature difference between groundwater and the surrounding rock and soil, thereby changing the physical state of groundwater (such as temperature, pressure, etc.).

[0093] The method mentioned in the present application sets up temperature monitoring points and control systems internally to transport groundwater to the area that needs to be thawed and circulate thawing together with the internal warm water, monitor and adjust the temperature changes during the thawing process in real time, and ensure that the thawing effect is uniform and controllable.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical method of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical method to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure utilizing groundwater temperature difference, the cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure is a semi-cylindrical frame structure as a whole, characterized in that: Including supporting frame, permeable hose, horizontal drainage pipe and longitudinal drainage pipe; The support frame is longitudinally laid on the arc surface of the semi-cylindrical frame; The water-permeable hose is transversely wrapped around the arc-shaped surface of the semi-cylindrical frame; The transverse drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the semi-cylindrical frame section; The longitudinal drainage pipes are arranged at the bottom of both sides of the arc of the semi-cylindrical frame.

2. The cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure using groundwater temperature difference according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support frame and the water-permeable hose are provided with a plurality of strips which are perpendicular to each other; The support frame is connected to the water-permeable hose via an electric four-way ball valve.

3. The cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure using groundwater temperature difference according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The water-permeable hose close to the cross section in the water-permeable hose is defined as an outer hose, and the rest are inner hoses; The internal hose is connected to the longitudinal drain pipe through an electric three-way ball valve; The outer hose is connected to the longitudinal drain pipe and the transverse drain pipe through an electric three-way ball valve.

4. The cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure using groundwater temperature difference according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The transverse drainage pipe comprises a first sub-pipe and a second sub-pipe; A drainage ditch is connected between the first sub-pipe and the second sub-pipe; Water pumps are arranged on both sides of the drainage ditch, and the water pumps include a first water pump and a second water pump; One end of the first pump is connected to groundwater, and the other end is connected to a horizontal drainage pipe through an electric three-way ball valve; One end of the second pump is connected to a transverse drainage pipe and the other end is connected to a drainage ditch; The first sub-pipe is connected to the electric three-way ball valve and an electric switch valve is arranged in the middle of the drainage ditch.

5. The cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure using groundwater temperature difference according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The electric four-way ball valve and the electric three-way ball valve are provided with temperature sensors inside.

6. A method for decompressing, draining and thawing a tunnel in a cold region by using the groundwater temperature difference, applied to a decompressing, draining and thawing structure for a tunnel in a cold region by using the groundwater temperature difference as described in claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Obtain past tunnel drainage failure conditions and obtain the failure status faced by different tunnels; Determine the number of supporting frames and permeable hoses required for the decompression, drainage and thawing structure of the cold zone tunnel according to the current tunnel conditions and build them; Record real-time weather conditions and monitor temperature sensors in real time and draw temperature curves of decompression, drainage and thawing structure locations in tunnels in different cold regions; The real-time weather conditions are used as input and the temperature curve is used as output, and a neural network model is used for training and prediction to obtain a temperature prediction model; Combined with the weather forecast, the future weather conditions are obtained, and the future weather conditions are input into the temperature prediction model to obtain the predicted temperature of the decompression drainage and thawing structure sites of tunnels in different cold regions; The decompression, drainage and thawing structure of cold-region tunnels is regulated according to the predicted temperatures of different cold-region tunnel decompression, drainage and thawing structure sites.

7. A cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing method using groundwater temperature difference according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific contents of regulating the decompression drainage and thawing structure of cold-region tunnels according to the predicted temperature of different cold-region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing structure sites are as follows: The predicted temperatures of decompression drainage and thawing structure sites of different cold-region tunnels were statistically screened to obtain the problem points; Obtain the time, location and initial trend of the problem point; Determine the target number of electric four-way ball valves to be regulated based on the initial trend; Determine the target electric four-way ball valve control time according to the time when the problem occurs; Determine the target electric four-way ball valve control point based on the location where the problem occurs.

8. The method for decompressing and draining water in cold-region tunnels by utilizing groundwater temperature difference according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electric four-way ball valves are numbered incrementally from the inside to the outside; Determine the direction of the initial trend and rate the volatility of the initial trend; If the initial trend is upward, close the longitudinal switch of the electric four-way ball valve and open the electric three-way ball valve to circulate; If the initial trend is downward, calculate the downward slope at different time stages; A slope-number absolute value comparison table is preset, and the number of longitudinal switches of the electric four-way ball valve opened at the same time is determined according to the descending slope.

9. A cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing method using groundwater temperature difference according to claim 8, characterized in that: The standard advance control time is preset, and the target electric four-way ball valve control time is determined according to the time when the problem occurs; A controllable descent slope range is preset. If the controllable descent slope exceeds the controllable descent slope range, a time conversion coefficient is configured for the controllable descent slope. The time conversion coefficient is multiplied by the standard advance control time to obtain the sudden control time. The sudden control time is combined with the problem point generation time to determine the sudden target electric four-way ball valve control time. In the process of determining the target electric four-way ball valve control position according to the problem point, a standard temperature difference range is preset, and the predicted temperatures of the decompression drainage and thawing structure positions of tunnels in different cold regions are statistically analyzed and sorted in descending order; The site with the first screening order and a temperature difference value with the problem site that exceeds the temperature range is the initial position regulation site; Open the longitudinal switch of the electric four-way ball valve between the initial position control point and the problem point.

10. A cold region tunnel decompression drainage and thawing method using groundwater temperature difference according to claim 9, characterized in that: If the current freezing problem cannot be overcome by regulating the corresponding electric four-way ball valve at the problem point, groundwater is introduced through the first water pump and the corresponding electric four-way ball valve is opened for regional circulation.

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