Opposed piston actuating mechanism integrated with compressed air piston

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to an opposed piston actuating mechanism integrated with compressed air pistons, which comprises an air cylinder assembly, the air cylinder assembly comprises a main air cylinder, an auxiliary air cylinder and a compressed air cylinder, a main piston is arranged in the main air cylinder, an auxiliary piston is arranged in the auxiliary air cylinder, and the compressed air piston is arranged in the compressed air cylinder; the main piston is driven by a reciprocating action mechanism and reciprocates in the horizontal direction; the auxiliary piston is connected and matched with the air compression piston, and the air compression piston synchronously acts and performs air inlet and air compression while the auxiliary piston reciprocates in the horizontal direction. The opposed piston executing mechanism drives the main piston and the auxiliary piston in the air cylinder assembly to act synchronously and drives the air compression piston and the auxiliary piston to act synchronously, so that the air compression air cylinder can suck and compress air autonomously and is used for air scavenging of the air cylinder assembly, an external compressor for air scavenging is omitted, structure simplification is facilitated, and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engines, and in particular to an opposed-piston actuator with an integrated gas compression piston. Background Art

[0002] Compared with four-stroke engines, two-stroke engines have the advantages of high power-to-weight ratio, simple and reliable structure, and low cost. The earliest invented two-stroke engine uses a piston in a cylinder, and the piston is driven to reciprocate up and down by a crankshaft connecting rod mechanism arranged on one side of the cylinder. An intake port and an exhaust port are opened near the bottom dead center in the cylinder, and the up and down movement of the piston is used to open or close the intake port and the exhaust port to complete the scavenging function and realize the two-stroke cycle. Due to the lubrication and curved flow scavenging method, this engine has the disadvantages of burning engine oil, fuel waste caused by the exhaust of mixed gas with the scavenging, and incomplete scavenging. In order to overcome these shortcomings, Hugo Junkers invented the two-stroke opposed piston engine as early as the late 19th century. Compared with traditional two-stroke and four-stroke internal combustion engines. The main advantage of this type of engine structure is that the cylinder head is eliminated. Its structural features are as follows: two pistons share one cylinder and are symmetrically arranged top to top. The two pistons are respectively connected to the crank-connecting rod mechanisms arranged at both ends of the cylinder to realize the opening and closing movement of the pistons, and air inlet and exhaust ports are respectively opened on the radial cylinder walls near the left and right end points of the cylinder. The air inlet and exhaust ports are opened or closed by opening and closing the pistons in the cylinder to realize the scavenging and ventilation functions and complete the two-stroke cycle.

[0003] However, the Junkers two-stroke opposed piston engine has major disadvantages due to the crankshaft-connecting rod mechanism at both ends of the cylinder: the engine axial dimension is too long, the two crankshafts need to be synchronized and have power output, and multiple gears need to be added for coupling and confluence, resulting in an overly complex engine system structure.

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned Junkers engine, many companies and individuals have successively improved and perfected this structure. Among them, the American Achates Company (Achates Power Co., Ltd.) invented an improved opposed piston two-stroke internal combustion engine with patent number ZL200580023840.9 based on the above-mentioned engine. The cylinder and piston part of the internal combustion engine and the working principle are the same as those of the junkers engine, except that the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism is moved from the two ends of the cylinder body to the two sides of the cylinder body, and the four-link rod is respectively hinged with the two pistons to realize the opening and closing movement of the piston. This setting shortens the distance between the two crankshafts and shortens the distance between the converging mechanisms between the output power of the two crankshafts. The size of the engine cylinder axis direction is greatly reduced. At the same time, the symmetrical structure is used to arrange the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism to drive the piston, which reduces the side pressure of the piston on the cylinder wall and the friction between the piston and the cylinder wall. However, the Achates engine has disadvantages such as a large longitudinal dimension of the engine and a large number of moving parts due to the large space occupied by the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism arranged on both sides of the cylinder. In addition, since the cylinder is surrounded by two sets of crankshaft connecting rod mechanisms, it is extremely unfavorable for the heat dissipation of the cylinder.

[0005] In recent years, the American ecmotor company has launched its latest invention of opposed piston opposed cylinder two-stroke engine with patent number 201210409885.1. The cylinder and piston parts and working principle of this engine are the same as those of the above two inventions, except for the crankshaft connecting rod part. This engine uses a crankshaft between the two cylinders, and multiple cranks are set on the crankshaft to connect the two pairs of pistons in the left and right cylinders through connecting rods for opposing opening and closing movements. Not only is the structure simpler, but one crankshaft also drives the two pairs of opposed pistons in the two opposed cylinders to work at the same time. Its structure is more compact and simple, and the efficiency and power-to-weight ratio of the engine are higher.

[0006] Although the invention of Ecmotor Company solved some shortcomings and deficiencies of the previous two engines, there are still some problems. When the crankshaft connecting rod drives the piston to make reciprocating motion, the swing of the connecting rod will cause the piston to generate lateral force on the cylinder wall, thereby causing wear and power consumption between the piston and the cylinder wall. In addition, the engine also needs to add an external air compressor to generate compressed air for scavenging, which increases the complexity of the system and the weight and cost of the whole machine. It can be seen that there is still room for further improvement in the current two-stroke opposed piston engine. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome at least one of the defects mentioned above, the present invention proposes an opposed piston actuator with an integrated air compression piston, which realizes self-priming air intake through the cooperation of the auxiliary piston with the air compression piston, eliminating the external compressor set for scavenging, which is conducive to structural simplification and cost reduction.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the opposed piston actuator with integrated gas compression piston disclosed in the present invention can adopt the following technical solutions:

[0009] An opposed piston actuator with an integrated gas-compression piston comprises a cylinder assembly, wherein the cylinder assembly comprises a main cylinder, a secondary cylinder and a gas-compression cylinder, wherein a main piston is arranged in the main cylinder, a secondary piston is arranged in the secondary cylinder, and a gas-compression cylinder is arranged in the gas-compression piston; the main piston is driven by a reciprocating action mechanism and reciprocates in a horizontal direction;

[0010] The auxiliary piston is connected and matched with the air compression piston. When the auxiliary piston reciprocates in the horizontal direction, the air compression piston moves synchronously to take in and compress air.

[0011] In the present invention, when the opposed piston actuator with integrated air compressor piston is applied to the engine, the main piston and the auxiliary piston move toward each other for the compression process of the engine, and when the main piston and the auxiliary piston move away from each other for the power process of the engine, the scavenging is completed when the main piston and the auxiliary piston move away from each other to the dead point position. In this process, the auxiliary piston always drives the air compressor piston to move synchronously, and the air suction and air compression are realized by the air compressor piston moving in the air compressor cylinder.

[0012] Specifically, when the main piston and the auxiliary piston in the cylinder assembly move toward each other, the compression piston and the auxiliary piston move synchronously and form a negative pressure in the compression cylinder to inhale air; when the main piston and the auxiliary piston move away from each other, the compression piston and the auxiliary piston move synchronously and form a high pressure in the compression cylinder, thereby pressing the air in the compression cylinder to the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder. At this time, the air entering the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder increases the air pressure in the cylinder assembly and squeezes the original gas in the cylinder assembly outward to discharge, thereby realizing the scavenging of the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder. This engine can realize autonomous scavenging by utilizing the action of the main piston and the auxiliary piston, eliminating the need for an external compressor for scavenging, which is conducive to simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0013] Furthermore, a compressed air cylinder air inlet and outlet are formed on the compressed air cylinder, and the compressed air cylinder air inlet and outlet are connected to the main cylinder annular port or the auxiliary cylinder annular port through an air intake passage.

[0014] Furthermore, an air intake port is provided on the air intake passage, and a one-way valve is provided at the air intake port, so that external gas can enter the inner cavity of the compressed air cylinder from the air intake port in one direction.

[0015] When the intake passage is connected to the annular port of the main cylinder, external gas enters the intake passage through the air intake port, and enters the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder through the annular port of the main cylinder through the intake passage; when the intake passage is connected to the annular port of the auxiliary cylinder, external gas enters the intake passage through the air intake port, and enters the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder through the annular port of the auxiliary cylinder through the intake passage.

[0016] Therefore, in the first scheme, when intake, the intake passage of the cylinder assembly is connected to the annular port of the main cylinder and transports gas to the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder; when exhaust, the gas in the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder is discharged from the annular port of the auxiliary cylinder.

[0017] In the second scheme, when intake, the intake passage of the cylinder assembly is connected to the annular port of the auxiliary cylinder and delivers gas to the auxiliary cylinder and the main cylinder; when exhaust, the gas in the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder is discharged from the annular port of the main cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, the scavenging inside the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder is achieved through the air inlet and outlet structure on the cylinder assembly. The air inlet and outlet structure can be constructed in various forms, and its structure is not limited to a single form. It is optimized here and one of the feasible options is proposed: the air intake passage includes an internal passage arranged in the cylinder assembly, and the internal passage is connected to the annular port of the main cylinder or the annular port of the auxiliary cylinder.

[0019] Furthermore, the intake passage includes an external passage arranged outside the cylinder assembly, and the external passage is connected to the annular port of the main cylinder or the annular port of the auxiliary cylinder.

[0020] Furthermore, when the air compressor piston is in motion, it completes the air intake action and the air compression action. The gas inhaled by the air compression intake action is discharged into the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder during the air compression action and completes the scavenging. In order to make the compressed air volume equal to the consumption volume and avoid the air intake and compressed air volume exceeding the volume of the main and auxiliary cylinders to cause loss, optimization is performed here and one of the feasible options is proposed: the air compressor piston is an elliptical cylinder or a waist-shaped cylinder, and the interior of the air compressor cylinder forms a cavity shape that matches the air compressor piston. When the above scheme is adopted, the volume of the air compressor cylinder is equivalent to the volume of the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder. After completing one air intake, the gas in the air compressor cylinder is compressed between the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder for scavenging. The gas inhaled by the air compressor cylinder enters the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder to complete the scavenging, which can avoid gas waste.

[0021] Furthermore, the gas compressor piston and the auxiliary piston move synchronously, and the matching structure can adopt a variety of schemes, which are not limited to the only one. Here, one feasible option is proposed: the gas compressor piston is provided with a connecting part, which is used to connect to an external action mechanism, and the action mechanism pushes the gas compressor piston to reciprocate in the horizontal direction. When the above scheme is adopted, the connecting part can be constructed as a connecting ear, a hinge hole, etc.

[0022] Furthermore, the single air delivery volume of the air compressor cylinder is greater than or equal to the total scavenging volume of the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder.

[0023] When the above scheme is adopted, the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder are of a straight-through structure. During scavenging, the gas enters the main and auxiliary cylinders, squeezing the exhaust gas in the main and auxiliary cylinders outward. The air enters and discharges in a one-way flow, and the scavenging efficiency is higher.

[0024] Furthermore, at least two sets of action connecting rod mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder assembly; the action connecting rod mechanism includes a support rod, a rocker and a push-pull rod, the front end of the support rod is hinged to the fixed part, the rear end of the support rod is hinged to the rocker, the front end of the rocker is hinged to the reciprocating action mechanism, the rear end of the rocker is hinged to the front end of the push-pull rod, and the rear end of the push-pull rod reciprocates with the movement of the rocker.

[0025] The reciprocating mechanism reciprocates in the horizontal direction, and drives the rocker to swing during the movement of the reciprocating mechanism.

[0026] The action link mechanism is symmetrically arranged with the linear action direction of the reciprocating action mechanism as the symmetry axis.

[0027] The action linkage mechanism adopted above uses a support rod as a support to transmit force. When the front end of the rocker moves synchronously with the reciprocating action mechanism, the rear end of the rocker moves synchronously in the opposite direction, and the support rod serves as the force point of the rocker; at the same time, the rear end of the rocker drives the push-pull rod to reciprocate synchronously.

[0028] In some solutions, the connecting rod structure can be used in conjunction to drive the corresponding moving parts to perform synchronous movements, such as moving toward each other or moving away from each other. When used in a dual-piston engine, it can drive two relatively arranged pistons to move toward each other or move away from each other synchronously.

[0029] Preferably, the main piston 3 cooperates with the reciprocating mechanism through the piston rod 301.

[0030] Furthermore, the opposed piston actuator can not only drive the single cylinder structure to move, but also drive the multi-cylinder structure to move through reasonable settings. Its structure is not limited to a single one. Here, it is optimized and one of the feasible options is proposed: the cylinder assemblies and the action connecting rod mechanisms set on the cylinder assemblies are symmetrically set at both ends of the reciprocating mechanism, and the reciprocating mechanism drives the main pistons in the corresponding cylinder assemblies at both ends to move synchronously, and the action connecting rod mechanisms at both ends of the reciprocating mechanism drive the secondary pistons in the corresponding cylinder assemblies to move synchronously. When the above scheme is adopted, the cylinder assemblies set on both sides of the reciprocating mechanism form a double-cylinder structure. When the reciprocating mechanism drives the main and secondary pistons on one side to move relatively close to realize the compression process, the main and secondary pistons on the other side are relatively far away to realize the work process.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, some beneficial effects of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention include:

[0032] The opposed piston actuator drives the main piston and the auxiliary piston in the cylinder assembly to move synchronously, and the compressor piston and the auxiliary piston move synchronously, so that the compressor cylinder can automatically inhale and compress air, and is used for scavenging the cylinder assembly, eliminating the need for an external compressor for scavenging, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure and reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only represent some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 The overall structure diagram of the engine.

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the front view of the engine.

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic side view of the engine.

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the AA longitudinal section.

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of BB.

[0039] Figure 6 Overall schematic diagram of the engine with the compressor cylinder head main casing removed.

[0040] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the enlarged local structure at point A in the middle.

[0041] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the interior of the engine with part of the main casing removed.

[0042] Fig. 9 Schematic side view of the engine with part of the main casing removed.

[0043] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the front view of the engine with part of the main casing removed

[0044] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of CC section view.

[0045] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod assembly driving the movement of the main and auxiliary pistons.

[0046] Fig.13 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder assembly.

[0047] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Isometric diagram of .

[0048] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of air intake from the master cylinder.

[0049] Fig.16 for Fig.15 Schematic cross-sectional view of DD.

[0050] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the crosshead and hinged rod in Example 3.

[0051] Fig.18 This is a front view schematic diagram of the crosshead and hinged rod in Example 3.

[0052] Fig.19 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an engine using the actuator in Example 3.

[0053] Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of the double-cylinder actuator constructed after the crosshead is set in Example 3.

[0054] Fig.21 To adopt Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the engine with a two-cylinder actuator.

[0055] In the above drawings, the meanings of the symbols are as follows:

[0056] 1. Main body; 101. Main housing; 102. Rectangular inner gear frame; 103. Track; 103a. Upper track; 103b. Lower track; 104. Sector gear shaft; 105. Crankshaft;

[0057] 2. Cylinder assembly; 201. Main cylinder; 202. Auxiliary cylinder; 203. Compressor cylinder; 204. Cylinder head;

[0058] 3. Main piston; 301. Piston rod;

[0059] 4. Auxiliary piston;

[0060] 5. Compressor piston;

[0061] 45. Combined piston structure;

[0062] 6. Support rod; 6a. Upper support rod; 6b. Lower support rod;

[0063] 7. Joystick; 7a. Upper joystick; 7b. Lower joystick;

[0064] 8. Push-pull rod; 8a. Upper push-pull rod; 8b. Lower push-pull rod;

[0065] 9. Master cylinder annular port;

[0066] 10. Auxiliary cylinder annular port;

[0067] 11. Air inlet and outlet of compressed air cylinder;

[0068] 12. Internal access;

[0069] 13. Inhalation port;

[0070] 14. Check valve;

[0071] 15. Fuel injector;

[0072] 16. Spark plug;

[0073] 17. External access;

[0074] 18. Crosshead;

[0075] 19. Articulated rod;

[0076] 20. Synchronous gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] The present embodiment is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0078] Example 1

[0079] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, an opposed piston actuator with an integrated gas compression piston 5 includes a cylinder assembly 2, wherein the cylinder assembly 2 includes a main cylinder 201, a secondary cylinder 202 and a gas compression cylinder 203, wherein a main piston 3 is arranged in the main cylinder 201, a secondary piston 4 is arranged in the secondary cylinder 202, and a gas compression piston 5 is arranged in the gas compression cylinder 203; the main piston 3 is driven by a reciprocating mechanism and reciprocates in a horizontal direction;

[0080] The auxiliary piston 4 is connected and matched with the air compressor piston 5. When the auxiliary piston 4 reciprocates in the horizontal direction, the air compressor piston 5 moves synchronously to take in and compress air.

[0081] In this embodiment, when the opposed piston actuator with integrated air compressor piston 5 is applied to the engine, the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move toward each other to realize the compression process of the engine, and when the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move away from each other, it is the power process of the engine, and the scavenging is completed when the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move away from each other to the dead point position. In this process, the auxiliary piston 4 always drives the air compressor piston 5 to move synchronously, and the air compressor piston 5 moves in the air compressor cylinder 203 to realize air suction and air compression.

[0082] Specifically, when the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 in the cylinder assembly 2 move toward each other, the compression piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 move synchronously and form a negative pressure in the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 203 to inhale air; when the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move away from each other, the compression piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 move synchronously and form a high pressure in the compression cylinder 203, thereby compressing the air in the compression cylinder 203 to the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202. At this time, the air entering the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 increases the air pressure in the cylinder assembly 2 and squeezes the original gas in the cylinder assembly 2 outward to discharge, thereby realizing the scavenging of the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202. The engine can realize autonomous scavenging by utilizing the action of the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4, eliminating the need for an external compressor for scavenging, which is conducive to simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0083] The air compressor cylinder 203 is formed with an air compressor cylinder air inlet and outlet 11, which are connected to the main cylinder annular port 9 or the auxiliary cylinder annular port 10 through an air intake passage.

[0084] An air intake port 13 is provided on the air intake passage, and a one-way valve 14 is provided at the air intake port 13. The one-way valve 14 allows external gas to enter the inner cavity of the compressed air cylinder 203 from the air intake port 13 in one direction; the air inlet and outlet ports 11 of the compressed air cylinder transport gas to the main cylinder 201 or the auxiliary cylinder 202 through the air intake passage.

[0085] The scavenging inside the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 is achieved through the intake passage. The intake passage can be constructed in various forms, and its structure is not limited to a single one. This embodiment is optimized and adopts one of the feasible options: the intake passage includes an internal passage 12 arranged in the cylinder assembly 2, and the internal passage 12 is connected to the annular port 9 of the main cylinder or the annular port 10 of the auxiliary cylinder.

[0086] The intake passage includes an external passage arranged outside the cylinder assembly 2 , and the external passage 17 is connected to the main cylinder annular port 9 or the auxiliary cylinder annular port 10 .

[0087] When the air compressor piston is in motion, it completes the air intake action and the air compression action. The gas inhaled by the air compression and intake action is discharged into the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 during the air compression action and completes the scavenging. In order to make the compressed air volume equal to the consumption volume and avoid the air intake and compressed air volume exceeding the volume of the main and auxiliary cylinders to cause loss, this embodiment is optimized and adopts one of the feasible options: the air compressor piston 5 is an elliptical cylinder or a waist-shaped cylinder, and the air compressor cylinder 203 forms a cavity shape matching the air compressor piston 5. When the above scheme is adopted, the volume of the air compressor cylinder 203 is equivalent to the volume of the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202. After completing one air intake, the gas in the air compressor cylinder 203 is pressed into the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 for scavenging. The gas inhaled by the air compressor cylinder 203 enters the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 and completes the scavenging, which can avoid the waste of gas.

[0088] When the intake passage is connected to the annular port 9 of the main cylinder, external gas enters the intake passage through the air intake port 13, and enters the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 through the intake passage from the annular port 9 of the main cylinder; when the intake passage is connected to the annular port 10 of the auxiliary cylinder, external gas enters the intake passage through the air intake port 13, and enters the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 through the intake passage from the annular port 10 of the auxiliary cylinder.

[0089] Therefore, in the first scheme, when intake, the intake passage of the cylinder assembly 2 is connected to the main cylinder annular port 9 and delivers gas to the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202; when exhaust, the gas in the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 is discharged from the auxiliary cylinder annular port 10.

[0090] In the second scheme, when intake, the intake passage of the cylinder assembly 2 is connected to the auxiliary cylinder annular port 10 and delivers gas to the auxiliary cylinder 202 and the main cylinder 201; when exhaust, the gas in the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 is discharged from the main cylinder annular port 9.

[0091] The gas compressor 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 move synchronously, and the matching structure can adopt a variety of schemes, which are not limited to the only one. This embodiment adopts one of the feasible options: the gas compressor 5 is provided with a connecting portion, which is used to connect to an external action mechanism, and the action mechanism pushes the gas compressor 5 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction. When the above scheme is adopted, the connecting portion can be constructed as a connecting ear, a hinge hole, etc.

[0092] In this embodiment, the single air delivery volume of the air compressor cylinder 203 is greater than or equal to the total scavenging volume of the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder.

[0093] When the above scheme is adopted, the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 are of a straight-through structure. During scavenging, the gas enters the main and auxiliary cylinders, and the exhaust gas in the main and auxiliary cylinders is squeezed outward. The air enters and is discharged in a one-way flow, and the scavenging efficiency is higher.

[0094] At least two groups of action connecting rod mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder assembly 2; the action connecting rod mechanism includes a support rod 6, a rocker 7 and a push-pull rod 8, the front end of the support rod 6 is hinged to the fixed part, the rear end of the support rod 6 is hinged to the rocker 7, the front end of the rocker 7 is hinged to the reciprocating action mechanism, the rear end of the rocker 7 is hinged to the front end of the push-pull rod 8, and the rear end of the push-pull rod 8 reciprocates with the movement of the rocker 7.

[0095] The reciprocating mechanism reciprocates in the horizontal direction, and drives the rocker 7 to swing during the movement of the reciprocating mechanism.

[0096] The action link mechanism is symmetrically arranged with the linear action direction of the reciprocating action mechanism as the symmetry axis.

[0097] The action linkage mechanism adopted above uses the support rod 6 as a support to transmit force. When the front end of the rocker arm 7 moves synchronously with the reciprocating action mechanism, the rear end of the rocker arm 7 moves synchronously in the opposite direction, and the support rod 6 serves as the force point of the rocker arm 7; at the same time, the rear end of the rocker arm 7 drives the push-pull rod 8 to reciprocate synchronously.

[0098] In some solutions, the connecting rod structure can be used in conjunction to drive the corresponding moving parts to perform synchronous movements, such as moving toward each other or moving away from each other. When used in a dual-piston engine, it can drive two relatively arranged pistons to move toward each other or move away from each other synchronously.

[0099] The opposed piston actuator can not only drive the single cylinder structure to move, but also drive the multi-cylinder structure to move through reasonable settings. Its structure is not limited to a single one. This embodiment is optimized and adopts one of the feasible options: the cylinder assembly 2 and the action connecting rod mechanism set on the cylinder assembly 2 are symmetrically set at both ends of the reciprocating mechanism, and the reciprocating mechanism drives the main piston 3 in the corresponding cylinder assembly 2 at both ends to move synchronously, and the action connecting rod mechanism at both ends of the reciprocating mechanism drives the auxiliary piston 4 in the corresponding cylinder assembly 2 to move synchronously. When the above scheme is adopted, the cylinder assemblies 2 set on both sides of the reciprocating mechanism form a double-cylinder structure. When the reciprocating mechanism drives the main and auxiliary pistons 4 on one side to move relatively close to realize the compression process, the main and auxiliary pistons 4 on the other side are relatively far away to realize the work process.

[0100] The auxiliary cylinder 202 is provided with an auxiliary cylinder annular port 10. When air is taken in, the internal passage 12 of the air compressor cylinder 203 is connected to the auxiliary cylinder annular port 10 and delivers gas to the auxiliary cylinder 202 and the main cylinder 201. The main cylinder 201 is provided with a main cylinder annular port 9. When air is exhausted, the gas in the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 is discharged from the main cylinder annular port 9.

[0101] Alternatively, a main cylinder annular port 9 is provided at the main cylinder 201, and when air is taken in, the external passage of the air compressor cylinder 203 is connected to the main cylinder annular port 9 and transports gas to the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202; a auxiliary cylinder annular port 10 is provided at the auxiliary cylinder 202, and when air is exhausted, the gas in the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 is discharged from the auxiliary cylinder annular port 10.

[0102] Example 2

[0103] The above-mentioned embodiment 2 provides an opposed piston actuator. This embodiment is optimized on this basis and proposes another specific opposed piston actuator.

[0104] Specifically, the improvements of the actuator in this embodiment mainly include the matching structure at the reciprocating mechanism.

[0105] The reciprocating mechanism can adopt a variety of schemes, and its structure is not limited to a single one. This embodiment is optimized and adopts one of the feasible options: the reciprocating mechanism includes a crosshead 18, which is connected to the main piston 3 and drives the main piston 3 to reciprocate synchronously. The rocker 7 of each set of action connecting rod mechanism is hinged to the front end of the crosshead 18, and the rear end of the crosshead 18 is connected to the crankshaft 105 through the hinge rod 19 and drives the crankshaft 105 to rotate synchronously. When the above scheme is adopted, the crosshead 18 drives the main piston 3 to reciprocate, and at the same time, it also drives the rear hinge rod 19 to drive the crankshaft 105 to rotate synchronously.

[0106] When the crosshead 18 drives the articulated rod 19, the number of the articulated rods 19 and the crankshaft 105 connected thereto is not limited to one, but may be multiple. This embodiment adopts one of the feasible options: the number of the articulated rods 19 is two, and the two articulated rods 19 are respectively matched to one crankshaft 105, and the two crankshafts 105 are also provided with mutually matched synchronous gears 20. When the above scheme is adopted, the two crankshafts 105 are simultaneously pushed by the crosshead 18, pushing the rear crankshaft 105 to operate, and the two crankshafts 105 rotate at the same speed under the meshing structure of the synchronous gear 20.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] The above-mentioned embodiment 2 provides an opposed piston actuator. This embodiment is optimized on this basis and proposes another specific opposed piston actuator.

[0109] Specifically, the improvements of the actuator in this embodiment mainly include the matching structure at the reciprocating mechanism.

[0110] Preferably, Figure 4 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, in this embodiment, the reciprocating mechanism includes a frame, a waist-shaped hole is provided on the frame, a rack is provided on the flat section in the waist-shaped hole, and the output shaft passes through the waist-shaped hole and is provided with a sector-shaped tooth surface to cooperate with the rack. When the reciprocating mechanism reciprocates, the rack cooperates with the sector-shaped tooth surface and drives the output shaft to rotate. When the reciprocating mechanism moves to the dead point, the output shaft also fits the circular arc section of the waist-shaped hole; when the reciprocating mechanism reverses, the output shaft also reverses, and the sector-shaped tooth surface switches to cooperate with another section of the rack to realize the continuous operation of the output shaft. This is repeated to achieve continuous and smooth operation of the output shaft.

[0111] Preferably, the reciprocating mechanism in this embodiment adopts a rectangular internal gear frame 102 .

[0112] Preferably, in this embodiment, the rectangular inner gear frame 102 slides in the main body 1 via a track 103 , and the track 103 includes an upper track 103 a and a lower track 103 b .

[0113] Preferably, the reciprocating mechanism used in this embodiment can be the corresponding solution recorded in the patent document with patent number 201710353223.X.

[0114] Example 4

[0115] like Figure 1 to Figure 14 As shown, the above embodiment discloses an opposed piston actuator, which can ensure piston force balance when applied to an engine, reduce the friction between the primary and secondary pistons 4 and the primary and secondary cylinders, and is conducive to simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0116] This embodiment provides an opposed piston two-stroke engine, which adopts the opposed piston actuator described above. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, it includes a main body 1, and the cylinder assembly 2 is located at least on one side of the main body 1. The cylinder assembly 2 also includes a compressed air cylinder 203, in which a compressed air piston 5 is arranged, and the compressed air piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 act synchronously; the cylinder assembly 2 is provided with an air intake port 13, a main cylinder annular port 9, an auxiliary cylinder annular port 10 and a compressed air cylinder inlet and outlet port 11, and the air intake port 13, the main cylinder annular port 9, the auxiliary cylinder annular port 10 and the compressed air cylinder inlet and outlet port 11 are connected to each other through an air intake passage.

[0117] Preferably, the main body 1 includes a main housing 101 .

[0118] Preferably, the opposed piston actuator in this embodiment is arranged in a symmetrical manner when the connecting rod is arranged, such as Fig.11 As shown, the support rod 6 includes an upper support rod 6a and a lower support rod 6b, the rocker 7 includes an upper rocker 7a and a lower rocker 7b, and the push-pull rod 8 includes an upper push-pull rod 8a and a lower push-pull rod 8b.

[0119] The above disclosed engine adopts a single cylinder structure. A reciprocating mechanism on the output shaft can be matched with a cylinder assembly 2.

[0120] Preferably, the output shaft in this embodiment adopts a sector gear shaft 104 .

[0121] When the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 in the cylinder assembly 2 move toward each other, the compression piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 move synchronously and form a negative pressure in the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 203 to inhale air; when the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move away from each other, the compression piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 move synchronously and compress the gas in the compression cylinder 203, and then press the air in the compression cylinder 203 to the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202. At this time, the air entering the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 increases the air pressure in the cylinder assembly 2 and squeezes the original gas in the cylinder assembly 2 outward to discharge, thereby realizing the scavenging of the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202. This engine can realize autonomous scavenging by using the action of the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4, eliminating the need for an external compressor for scavenging, which is conducive to simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0122] During the operation of the engine, the scavenging of the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 is achieved through the intake passage. The intake passage can be constructed in various forms, and its structure is not limited to a single one. Here, an optimization is made and one of the feasible options is proposed: Fig.13 , Fig.14 As shown, in this embodiment, the air intake port 13 is arranged on the compressed air cylinder 203, and the air intake port 13 is connected to the auxiliary cylinder annular port 10 on the auxiliary cylinder 202 through the air intake passage, or the air intake port 13 is connected to the main cylinder annular port 9 on the main cylinder 201 through the air intake passage. Under the restriction of the one-way valve 14, the external gas is guided into the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 in one direction.

[0123] The air intake port 13 of the cylinder assembly 2 is connected to the inner cavity of the air compressor cylinder 203 through the air compressor cylinder inlet and outlet ports 11. An internal passage 12 is formed in the cylinder assembly 2, and the internal passage 12 is used to guide the gas in the air compressor cylinder 203 to the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202.

[0124] Preferably, in this embodiment, external air enters the intake passage and enters the main cylinder 201 and the sub-cylinder 202 from the sub-cylinder annular hole 10 for scavenging, and is exhausted from the main cylinder annular hole 9.

[0125] Preferably, Fig. 9 As shown, in the present embodiment, the compressed air cylinder 203 can be set to a waist shape, or can be set to a circle. In other schemes, it can also be set to more shapes.

[0126] Preferably, the air compression cylinder 203 is also provided with a cylinder cover 204 .

[0127] The specific arrangement of the inlet and outlet structure on the cylinder assembly 2 can be arranged in a variety of ways, and its structure is not limited to a single one. This embodiment is optimized and adopts one of the feasible options: when the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 are facing away from each other, the main cylinder annular port 9 and the auxiliary cylinder annular port 10 are opened and scavenging is performed. When the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 are approaching each other, the main cylinder annular port 9 and the auxiliary cylinder annular port 10 are closed and the gas is compressed. After the compression is completed, ignition is performed to perform work, thereby realizing a two-stroke cycle. When the above scheme is adopted, the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 are straight-through structures. When scavenging, the gas enters the main and auxiliary cylinders, and the air pressure in the main and auxiliary cylinders increases, thereby squeezing and discharging the exhaust gas in the main and auxiliary cylinders. The air inlet and outlet are one-way flows, and the scavenging efficiency is higher.

[0128] The matching structure of the gas compression piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 can adopt a variety of schemes, and its structure is not limited to the only one. This embodiment is optimized and adopts one of the feasible options: Fig.12 As shown, the compression piston 5 is connected with the auxiliary piston 4 to form a combined piston structure 45, the piston head of the auxiliary piston 4 is located in the cylinder assembly 2 and the piston tail of the auxiliary piston 4 cooperates with the compression piston 5; the piston tail of the auxiliary piston 4 forms a connecting port, and a connecting block corresponding to the connecting port is formed on the compression piston 5. When the above scheme is adopted, the auxiliary piston 4 and the compression piston 5 can also be connected by fasteners to strengthen the fixation. Among them, the size of the compression piston 5 can be larger than the size of the auxiliary piston 4. When the stroke is the same, the gas sucked into the compression cylinder 203 by the compression piston 5 after the action of the compression piston 5 can fill the cylinder assembly 2 where the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 are located. And according to the actual air pressure requirements, the size of the compression piston 5 can be adjusted, thereby changing the initial pressure of the gas entering the cylinder assembly 2, and the final combustion condition can be adjusted after the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 in the cylinder assembly 2 are compressed again.

[0129] The opposed-piston two-stroke engine disclosed in this embodiment operates as follows:

[0130] The main piston 3 and the secondary piston 4 are respectively located in the main cylinder 201 and the secondary cylinder 202, and the main piston 3 and the secondary piston 4 are located between the main cylinder annular opening 9 and the secondary cylinder annular opening 10. When the main piston 3 and the secondary piston 4 move toward each other, the gas in the main cylinder 201 and the secondary cylinder 202 is compressed, which is a compression process.

[0131] During the compression process, the fuel injector 15 and the spark plug 16 on the cylinder assembly 2 come into operation at the appropriate time.

[0132] During the compression process, the auxiliary piston 4 and the compressor piston 5 move synchronously to increase the volume in the compressor cylinder 203 to form a negative pressure. The external air enters the compressor cylinder 203 through the air intake port 13 and the compressor cylinder air inlet and outlet 11 to serve as the intake reserve gas for the subsequent engine.

[0133] The main piston 3 and the secondary piston 4 are respectively located in the main cylinder 201 and the secondary cylinder 202, and the main piston 3 and the secondary piston 4 are located between the main cylinder annular opening 9 and the secondary cylinder annular opening 10. When the main piston 3 and the secondary piston 4 move away from each other, the gas in the main cylinder 201 and the secondary cylinder 202 expands, which is the work process.

[0134] During the working process, the auxiliary piston 4 and the compression piston 5 act synchronously to reduce the volume in the compression cylinder 203, and the original reserve gas is compressed to form high-pressure reserve gas.

[0135] When the main piston 3 and the secondary piston 4 are respectively located in the main cylinder 201 and the secondary cylinder 202, and the main piston 3 and the secondary piston 4 are located outside the annular opening 9 of the main cylinder and the annular opening 10 of the secondary cylinder, the main cylinder 201 and the secondary cylinder 202 are connected to the outside, and the pressurized gas of the compressor cylinder 203 enters the main cylinder 201 and the secondary cylinder 202, squeezing out the original exhaust gas, which is the scavenging process.

[0136] During the scavenging process, the high-pressure reserve gas in the compressor cylinder 203 enters the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 through the compressor cylinder air inlet and outlet 11 and the air intake passage, and exhaust gas is discharged at the same time.

[0137] When reciprocating according to the above process, the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 form a continuous reciprocating motion, so that the reciprocating mechanism forms a continuous reciprocating motion, thereby forming a continuous rotation through the cooperation of the rectangular internal gear frame 102 and the fan gear shaft 104, thereby realizing the external output torque of the engine.

[0138] Example 5

[0139] This embodiment provides an opposed piston two-stroke engine, which is different from the embodiment 4 in that the cylinder assembly 2 of the engine in this embodiment takes in air from the main cylinder 201, as follows:

[0140] In this embodiment, the details are as follows: the main cylinder 201 is provided with a main cylinder annular opening 9, and the auxiliary cylinder 202 is provided with an auxiliary cylinder annular opening 10. When the above scheme is adopted, air is taken in from the main cylinder annular opening 9 of the main cylinder 201, and air is exhausted from the auxiliary cylinder annular opening 10 of the auxiliary cylinder 202.

[0141] After the air intake position of the cylinder assembly 2 is adjusted, the air intake structure of the cylinder assembly 2 is adjusted accordingly. This embodiment is optimized and adopts one of the feasible options: the air intake port 13 of the cylinder assembly 2 is connected to the inner cavity of the air compressor cylinder 203 through the air compressor cylinder air inlet and outlet 11, and the cylinder assembly 2 is provided with an external passage 17 connected from the air compressor cylinder air inlet and outlet 11 to the main cylinder annular port on the main cylinder 201. The external passage 17 is used to guide the gas in the air compressor cylinder 203 to the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202.

[0142] Example 6

[0143] This embodiment provides an opposed-piston two-stroke engine, which is different from the embodiment 4 in that this embodiment adopts a multi-cylinder engine structure.

[0144] Specifically, it can be arranged as follows: one reciprocating mechanism on the output shaft can cooperate with two cylinder assemblies 2, and multiple reciprocating mechanisms can be arranged at other positions of the output shaft and respectively cooperate with the cylinder assemblies 2, thereby forming a multi-cylinder structure. The primary and secondary pistons 4 in each cylinder assembly 2 act and transmit driving force to the reciprocating mechanism, where the linear motion of the piston is converted into the rotary motion of the drive shaft.

[0145] When the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 in the cylinder assembly 2 move toward each other, the compression piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 move synchronously and form a negative pressure in the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 203 to inhale air; when the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move away from each other, the compression piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 move synchronously and form a high pressure in the compression cylinder 203, thereby compressing the air in the compression cylinder 203 to the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202. At this time, the air entering the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 increases the air pressure in the cylinder assembly 2 and squeezes the original gas in the cylinder assembly 2 outward and discharges it, thereby realizing the scavenging of the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202.

[0146] The engine can realize autonomous scavenging by utilizing the actions of the main piston and the auxiliary piston, eliminating the need for an external compressor for scavenging, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0147] The above are the implementation methods listed in this embodiment, but this embodiment is not limited to the above optional implementation methods. Those skilled in the art can arbitrarily combine the above methods to obtain other various implementation methods. Anyone can derive other various implementation methods under the inspiration of this embodiment. The above specific implementation methods should not be understood as limiting the protection scope of this embodiment. The protection scope of this embodiment should be based on the definition in the claims.

Claims

1. An opposed piston actuator with an integrated gas compression piston, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cylinder assembly (2), wherein the cylinder assembly (2) comprises a main cylinder (201), a secondary cylinder (202) and a compressed air cylinder (203); a main piston (3) is arranged in the main cylinder (201), a secondary piston (4) is arranged in the secondary cylinder (202), and a compressed air piston (5) is arranged in the compressed air cylinder (203); the main piston (3) is driven by a reciprocating mechanism and reciprocates in a horizontal direction; The auxiliary piston (4) is connected and matched with the air compression piston (5). When the auxiliary piston (4) reciprocates in the horizontal direction, the air compression piston (5) moves synchronously to take in and compress air.

2. The opposed piston actuator with integrated gas compression piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air compressor cylinder (203) is formed with an air compressor cylinder air inlet and outlet (11), and the air compressor cylinder air inlet and outlet (11) is connected to the main cylinder annular port (9) or the auxiliary cylinder annular port (10) through an air intake passage.

3. The opposed piston actuator with integrated gas piston according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air intake port (13) is arranged on the air intake passage, and a one-way valve (14) is arranged at the air intake port (13). The one-way valve (14) allows external gas to enter the inner cavity of the air compression cylinder (203) from the air intake port (13) in one direction.

4. The opposed piston actuator with integrated gas compression piston according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air intake passage comprises an internal passage (12) arranged in the cylinder assembly (2), and the internal passage (12) is connected to the annular port (9) of the main cylinder or the annular port (10) of the auxiliary cylinder.

5. The opposed piston actuator with integrated gas compression piston according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air intake passage comprises an external passage (17) arranged outside the cylinder assembly (2), and the external passage (17) is connected to the annular port (9) of the main cylinder or the annular port (10) of the auxiliary cylinder.

6. The opposed piston actuator with integrated gas piston according to any one of claims 1, characterized in that: The air compression piston (5) is an elliptical cylinder or a waist-shaped cylinder, and the air compression cylinder (203) has a cavity shape matching the air compression piston (5) formed inside.

7. The opposed piston actuator with integrated gas compression piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air compressor piston (5) is provided with a connecting portion, which is used to connect to an external actuating mechanism, and the actuating mechanism pushes the air compressor piston (5) to reciprocate in a horizontal direction.

8. The opposed piston actuator with integrated gas piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single air delivery volume of the air compressor cylinder (203) is greater than or equal to the total scavenging volume of the main cylinder (201) and the auxiliary cylinder (202).

9. The opposed piston actuator with integrated gas compression piston according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: At least two groups of action link mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder assembly (2); the action link mechanism comprises a support rod (6), a rocker (7) and a push-pull rod (8), the front end of the support rod (6) is hinged to a fixed portion, the rear end of the support rod (6) is hinged to the rocker (7), the front end of the rocker (7) is hinged to a reciprocating action mechanism, the rear end of the rocker (7) is hinged to the front end of the push-pull rod (8), and the rear end of the push-pull rod (8) reciprocates with the movement of the rocker (7).

10. The opposed piston actuator with integrated gas compression piston according to claim 9, characterized in that: Cylinder assemblies (2) and action connecting rod mechanisms arranged on the cylinder assemblies (2) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the reciprocating mechanism, and the reciprocating mechanism drives the main pistons (3) in the corresponding cylinder assemblies (2) at both ends to move synchronously, and the action connecting rod mechanisms at both ends of the reciprocating mechanism drive the auxiliary pistons (4) in the corresponding cylinder assemblies (2) to move synchronously.

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