Hybrid vibration isolator and method for vibration double control

Abstract

The invention discloses a mixed vibration isolator for vibration double control, and belongs to the technical field of vibration isolation devices. The device comprises a bearing table, a giant magnetostrictive actuator, a connecting plate, a membrane type air spring and a bottom plate, the bottom of the connecting plate is installed on the bottom plate through the membrane type air spring, and the bearing table is installed on the connecting plate through the giant magnetostrictive actuator. The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing vibration isolation measures are difficult to realize the vibration isolation effect and cannot ensure the earthquake safety at the same time, the better micro-vibration control effect is realized, the system response under the earthquake excitation is reduced, and the safety of precision equipment when the earthquake occurs is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a hybrid vibration isolator and a method for dual control of shock and vibration, belonging to the technical field of vibration isolation devices. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of ultra-precision machining, aerospace, microelectronics and other fields, the machining accuracy requirements of mechanical parts are constantly increasing, and precision machining platforms with micron or even nanometer precision have emerged. Precision equipment such as optical instruments, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, and medical imaging equipment are extremely sensitive to vibration. Even small vibrations may cause performance degradation or damage to precision equipment. Environmental vibrations are mainly divided into ground vibrations and rail transit vibrations. The impact of vibrations on precision equipment is specifically manifested in the following aspects: (1) causing a decrease in equipment accuracy. Vibration can cause small displacements of internal parts of the equipment, thereby affecting the accuracy of the equipment output results. For example, the optical path in an optical instrument may be offset due to vibration, resulting in blurred imaging of the equipment or deviation in the generated data; (2) causing damage to the equipment structure. Vibrations with large amplitudes such as ground vibrations may directly damage the structure of the equipment, such as sensor breakage, loose optical components, or falling off of electronic chips; (3) causing a decrease in the service life of the equipment. Mechanical vibrations can cause fatigue damage and breakage of equipment parts, thereby shortening the service life of the equipment. For example, vibrations can cause premature wear of bearings, accelerate equipment damage, and make the equipment more prone to failure.

[0003] The vibration-vibration dual control technology is a comprehensive solution for vibration control and earthquake control, and its purpose is to reduce the impact of earthquakes and environmental vibrations on buildings and equipment. In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization and the increase in the number of buildings above subway depots, the vibration-vibration dual control technology has gradually become a research hotspot. The vibration-vibration dual control technology is mainly used in vibration-sensitive use scenarios such as subway buildings above the depot, precision instrument vibration isolation, and theaters. The vibration-vibration dual control technology combines passive vibration isolation technology with active control to simultaneously handle low-frequency, high-energy, large-amplitude seismic motion and high-frequency, relatively small-amplitude rail transit vibrations, thereby achieving wide-band vibration suppression. The vibration-vibration dual control technology can effectively reduce the impact of vibration on equipment accuracy and service life, and meet the normal operation requirements of precision equipment in complex environments.

[0004] The existing patent with announcement number CN216851787U discloses a giant magnetostrictive actuator for a vibration isolation system of a precision machining platform. When the ground on which the precision machining platform is located vibrates slightly, the bias coil and the drive coil generate an alternating electromagnetic field under the action of an alternating current, causing the giant magnetostrictive material rod to generate axial telescopic strain and actuation force, and act on the precision machining platform through the output rod, thereby effectively suppressing the micro-vibration of the precision machining platform and ensuring the machining accuracy and measurement sensitivity of precision machinery and instruments. However, there are the following technical problems:

[0005] 1. Energy consumption and reliability issues: Active control systems rely on continuous energy input, and have high long-term operating costs. In addition, the reliability of complex electromechanical equipment may be affected by ambient temperature, humidity, and electromagnetic interference, making maintenance more difficult.

[0006] 2. Nonlinear effects are difficult to eliminate: The core components of giant magnetostrictive materials have hysteresis nonlinear characteristics, which increases the complexity of the control algorithm. In practical applications, additional compensation modules need to be designed, which increases system costs and debugging difficulties.

[0007] 3. A significant disadvantage of giant magnetostrictive actuators is that their deformation is relatively small, usually at the micron level. This means that there are indeed limitations for application scenarios that require larger displacements or handle larger vibration amplitudes, such as vibration control in rail transit and suppression of ground vibrations that require larger displacement compensation.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a hybrid vibration isolator and method for dual control of shock and vibration to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the research and development of the present invention is to solve the problem that existing vibration isolation measures are difficult to achieve vibration isolation effects while failing to ensure earthquake safety. While achieving better micro-vibration control effects, the system response under earthquake excitation is reduced, ensuring the safety of precision equipment when an earthquake occurs. A brief overview of the present invention is given below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the present invention. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present invention. It is not intended to identify the key or important parts of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0011] Solution 1: A hybrid vibration isolator for dual control of shock and vibration, including a bearing platform, a giant magnetostrictive actuator, a connecting plate, a membrane air spring and a base plate. The bottom of the connecting plate is installed on the base plate through a membrane air spring, and the bearing platform is installed on the connecting plate through the giant magnetostrictive actuator.

[0012] Preferably, the number of the membrane air springs is at least two, and they are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, the giant magnetostrictive actuator is arranged at the center of the connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the giant magnetostrictive actuator comprises a giant magnetostrictive material rod, a driving coil, a permanent magnet, a lower magnetic end cover, an upper magnetic end cover, a lower magnetic body, a preloaded disc spring, an upper magnetic body, a coil skeleton, a housing, an output rod, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a connecting bolt, wherein the lower magnetic end cover is installed at the middle position of the bottom of the housing, the lower magnetic body is installed at the center position of the top of the lower magnetic end cover, a giant magnetostrictive material rod is installed above the lower magnetic body, and an upper magnetic body is installed on the top of the giant magnetostrictive material rod. A magnet, an upper magnetic conductive end cap is installed on the upper magnetic conductive body, a coil frame is clamped between the upper magnetic conductive end cap and the lower magnetic conductive end cap, a driving coil is arranged in the coil frame, a permanent magnet is arranged outside the coil frame, the permanent magnet is located between the upper magnetic conductive end cap and the lower magnetic conductive end cap, and is close to the inner wall of the shell, the top of the giant magnetostrictive material rod is axially connected to the output rod through the upper magnetic conductive body, the top of the output rod passes through the shell and is connected to the bearing platform, and a preloaded disc spring is installed between the top inner wall of the shell and the protrusion of the output rod;

[0015] The water inlet pipe passes through the shell and the upper magnetic conductive end cover, and the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe is located in the gap between the giant magnetostrictive material rod and the coil frame. The water inlet end of the water outlet pipe is located in the gap between the giant magnetostrictive material rod and the coil frame. The water outlet pipe passes through the lower magnetic conductive end cover and the shell in sequence, and the connecting bolt is embedded in the center of the bottom of the shell.

[0016] Preferably, a top cover is provided on the top of the shell, the top cover is threadably matched with the shell, and the preloaded disc spring is clamped between the top cover and the protrusion of the output rod.

[0017] Preferably: the membrane air spring comprises a top connection bolt, a valve core, an upper cover plate, an airbag, a piston, an upper stopper steel ring and a lower stopper steel ring. A top connection bolt is provided at the center of the upper cover plate, and a valve core is provided through the upper cover plate. The top end of the airbag is fixedly connected to the upper cover plate, and the lower end of the airbag is fixedly connected to the piston. An upper stopper steel ring is provided at the connection between the airbag and the upper cover plate, and a lower stopper steel ring is provided at the connection between the airbag and the piston.

[0018] Preferably, a downward groove is provided at the center of the connecting plate for installing the giant magnetostrictive actuator, and the membrane air spring is arranged outside the groove of the connecting plate.

[0019] Solution 2: A hybrid vibration isolation method of a giant magnetostrictive actuator and an air spring for dual vibration control is implemented based on a hybrid vibration isolator for dual vibration control described in Solution 1, and includes:

[0020] The vibration isolation object is placed on the bearing platform, and the ground vibration is transmitted to the membrane air spring through the bottom plate. The membrane air spring isolates most of the conventional vibration of the ground vibration, and the residual vibration is transmitted to the giant magnetostrictive actuator through the connecting plate. According to the information fed back by the sensor installed on the vibration isolation object, the set expected displacement and the control strategy, the giant magnetostrictive actuator obtains the required input current of the giant magnetostrictive actuator according to the feedback linearized sliding mode controller connected to it, and quickly makes adjustments to generate displacement in the opposite direction to offset the residual vibration, thereby achieving the goal of vibration isolation of the vibration isolation object.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The design of the hybrid vibration isolation device of the giant magnetostrictive actuator and air spring of the present invention improves the reliability of the overall system and reduces the risk of failure of the entire system due to failure of a single component in practical applications. Even if the giant magnetostrictive actuator fails, the membrane air spring as the basic vibration isolation component can effectively absorb and isolate vibrations with a frequency higher than its own. Since the giant magnetostrictive actuator only needs to fine-tune the displacement of the air spring instead of directly bearing the entire load, it can effectively reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency;

[0023] 2. The giant magnetostrictive actuator of the present invention can produce precise displacement changes under the action of a magnetic field, can respond quickly to tiny vibrations, and its own displacement is relatively small. The gas filled inside the membrane air spring can be greatly compressed or expanded, and can withstand large deformations. The combination of the giant magnetostrictive actuator and the membrane air spring, the membrane air spring is responsible for handling large deformations, and the giant magnetostrictive actuator focuses on precise control, which not only ensures that the system can cope with large vibrations, but also ensures precise control of details. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hybrid vibration isolator for dual control of shock and vibration;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a giant magnetostrictive actuator;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a membrane type air spring.

[0027] In the figure: 1-bearing platform, 2-giant magnetostrictive actuator, 3-connecting plate, 4-membrane air spring, 5-bottom plate, 21-giant magnetostrictive material rod, 22-driving coil, 23-permanent magnet, 24-lower magnetic end cover, 25-upper magnetic end cover, 26-lower magnetic conductor, 27-preload disc spring, 28-upper magnetic conductor, 29-coil skeleton, 210-housing, 211-output rod, 212-water inlet pipe, 213-water outlet pipe, 214-connecting bolt, 215-top cover, 41-top connecting bolt, 42-valve core, 43-upper cover plate, 44-airbag, 45-piston, 46-upper stop steel ring, 47-lower stop steel ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described below by the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0029] The connection mentioned in the present invention is divided into fixed connection and detachable connection. The fixed connection is a non-detachable connection including but not limited to conventional fixed connection methods such as folding connection, rivet connection, bonding connection and welding connection. The detachable connection includes but not limited to conventional detachable methods such as threaded connection, snap connection, pin connection and hinge connection. When the specific connection method is not clearly defined, it is assumed that at least one connection method can always be found in the existing connection methods to achieve the function. Those skilled in the art can choose according to their needs. For example: a fixed connection is selected as a welding connection, and a detachable connection is selected as a hinge connection.

[0030] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figure 1-Figure 3 The present embodiment is described as a hybrid isolator for dual control of shock and vibration, comprising a support platform 1, a giant magnetostrictive actuator 2, a connecting plate 3, a membrane air spring 4 and a base plate 5. The bottom of the connecting plate 3 is mounted on the base plate 5 through the membrane air spring 4, and the support platform 1 is mounted on the connecting plate 3 through the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2.

[0031] The number of the diaphragm air springs 4 is at least two. In this embodiment, the number of the diaphragm air springs 4 is two, and they are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the connecting plate 3 .

[0032] The giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 is arranged at the center of the connecting plate 3 .

[0033] The support platform 1 is located directly above the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 and is connected by threads. The bottom plate 5 serves as the base of the entire vibration isolation system and is directly installed under the object that needs vibration isolation. The membrane air spring 4 is mainly used to absorb low-frequency vibrations. The connecting plate 3 is used to fix the membrane air spring and the magnetostrictive actuator 2, and the connecting plate 3 is a key component for force transmission. The giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 is responsible for isolating the vibration transmitted by the air spring and reducing the impact of vibration on the vibration isolation object by precisely controlling the displacement. The support platform 1 is used to place precision equipment or instruments that need protection.

[0034] A downward groove is provided at the center of the connecting plate 3 for mounting the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 , and the membrane air spring 4 is arranged outside the groove of the connecting plate 3 .

[0035] The giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 comprises a giant magnetostrictive material rod 21, a driving coil 22, a permanent magnet 23, a lower magnetic end cover 24, an upper magnetic end cover 25, a lower magnetic body 26, a preloaded disc spring 27, an upper magnetic body 28, a coil skeleton 29, a housing 210, an output rod 211, a water inlet pipe 212, a water outlet pipe 213 and a connecting bolt 214. The lower magnetic end cover 24 is installed at the middle position of the bottom of the housing 210, the lower magnetic body 26 is installed at the center position of the top of the lower magnetic end cover 24, the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 is installed above the lower magnetic body 26, the upper magnetic end cover 28 is installed on the top of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21, the upper magnetic end cover 25 is installed on the upper magnetic end cover 28, a coil skeleton 29 is clamped between the upper magnetic end cover 25 and the lower magnetic end cover 24, and the coil skeleton 29 is inside the coil skeleton 29. A driving coil 22 is provided, that is, the driving coil 22 is tightly wound on the coil skeleton 29 in the radial direction, and the driving coil 22 is surrounded by an upper magnetic conductive end cover 25, a lower magnetic conductive end cover 24 and a permanent magnet 23. The giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 is located in the middle of the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2, and is surrounded by an upper magnetic conductive body 28, a coil skeleton 29 and a lower magnetic conductive block 26. A permanent magnet 23 is provided on the outer side of the coil skeleton 29, and the permanent magnet 23 is located between the upper magnetic conductive end cover 25 and the lower magnetic conductive end cover 24, and is close to the inner side wall of the shell 210. The top of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 is axially connected to the output rod 211 through the upper magnetic conductive body 28, and the top of the output rod 211 passes through the shell 210 and is connected to the bearing platform 1. A preloaded disc spring 27 is installed between the top inner side wall of the shell 210 and the protrusion of the output rod 211.

[0036] The water inlet pipe 212 passes through the outer shell 210 and the upper magnetic conductive end cover 25, and the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe 212 is located in the gap between the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 and the coil skeleton 29. The water inlet end of the water outlet pipe 213 is located in the gap between the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 and the coil skeleton 29. The water outlet pipe 213 passes through the lower magnetic conductive end cover 24 and the outer shell 210 in sequence, and the connecting bolt 214 is embedded in the center of the bottom of the outer shell 210.

[0037] The giant magnetostrictive material rod 21, the lower magnetic end cover 24, the upper magnetic end cover 25, the lower magnetic conductor 26, the preloaded disc spring 27, the upper magnetic conductor 28, the coil skeleton 29, the housing 210, and the output rod 211 are coaxially arranged.

[0038] A top cover 215 is provided on the top of the housing 210 . The top cover 215 is threadedly matched with the housing 210 . The preload disc spring 27 is clamped between the top cover 215 and the protrusion of the output rod 211 .

[0039] The giant magnetostrictive material rod 21, the upper magnetic conductor 28, the lower magnetic conductor 26, the lower magnetic end cap 24, the upper magnetic end cap 25, the driving coil 22, the permanent magnet 23 and the coil frame 29 constitute the magnetic circuit structure of the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2, which is the core component of the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2. When the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 is excited by the external magnetic field, its internal magnetic moment will rotate with the change of the direction of the external magnetic field, thereby causing the size and shape of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 to change, and the magnetostrictive effect is used to convert electromagnetic energy into mechanical energy. The driving coil 22 is wound by enameled round winding wire. When the current passes through the driving coil 22, the magnetic field generated inside and around the driving coil 22 acts on the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21, so that the length of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 changes. The coil frame 29 is made of aluminum alloy, which mainly supports the winding, improves the heat dissipation rate, and dissipates the heat generated by the current passing through the driving coil 22. The upper magnet 28 and the lower magnet 26 are mainly made of soft iron and have high magnetic permeability. They conduct the magnetic field generated by the driving coil 22 to the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21, thereby improving the magnetic field strength and energy utilization rate in the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21. The lower magnet 26 supports the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21. The upper magnet 28 and the lower magnet 26 are connected to the output rod 211 and transmit the length change of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21. The lower magnetic end cap 24 and the upper magnetic end cap 25 are mainly made of soft iron. The lower magnetic end cap 24 and the upper magnetic end cap 25 mainly act on the magnetic field generated by the driving coil 22 to effectively act on the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21, increase the deformation of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21, and fix the driving coil 22. The permanent magnet 23 is made of hard magnetic material, and mainly provides a stable bias magnetic field for the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 , reduces the frequency doubling characteristics of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 , and reduces the complexity of controlling the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 .

[0040] The water inlet pipe 212, the water outlet pipe 213, the gap between the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 and the coil skeleton 29, and the gap between the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 and the coil skeleton 29 together constitute a cooling structure of the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2. The gap between the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 and the coil skeleton 29 and the gap between the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 and the coil skeleton 29 are connected to form a cooling cavity. The coolant flows into the cooling cavity through the water inlet pipe 212 and flows out from the water outlet pipe 213. During this period, the coolant absorbs the heat generated by the eddy current effect of the coil 22, maintains the stability of the internal temperature of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21, and prevents the temperature from rising, causing the GMM material properties of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 to change, and the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 to lose controllability.

[0041] The preload disc spring 27, the housing 210, the output rod 211 and the top cover 215 constitute the preload structure of the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2. When there is no external magnetic field, applying appropriate preload pressure to the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 will cause its internal magnetic domain to deflect perpendicular to the length direction; when the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 is subjected to the axial magnetic field, more magnetic domains inside it will deflect at right angles, thereby obtaining a larger magnetostrictive strain. The housing 210 is mainly composed of aluminum alloy, which is used to isolate the external environment and protect the internal components of the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2, and at the same time fix and support the internal components. The top cover 215 is composed of aluminum alloy, and the compression amount of the preload disc spring 27 is adjusted by rotation to control the size of the preload force. The preload disc spring 27 is composed of spring steel and is used to apply preload force to the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21.

[0042] The membrane air spring 4 includes a top connection bolt 41, a valve core 42, an upper cover plate 43, an airbag 44, a piston 45, an upper stopper steel ring 46 and a lower stopper steel ring 47. The top connection bolt 41 is provided at the center of the upper cover plate 43, and the valve core 42 is penetrated at the upper surface of the upper cover plate 43 at a position half the center radius. The top end of the airbag 44 is fixedly connected to the upper cover plate 43, and the lower end of the airbag 44 is fixedly connected to the piston 45. An upper stopper steel ring 46 is provided at the connection between the airbag 44 and the upper cover plate 43, and a lower stopper steel ring 47 is provided at the connection between the airbag 44 and the piston 45.

[0043] The top connecting bolt 41 adopts a high-strength bolt, which is mainly used to connect with the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 to form a whole, so as to realize the transmission of force and displacement. The valve core 42 mainly plays the role of adjusting the stiffness characteristics of the membrane air spring 4. The pressure inside the airbag 44 is adjusted by the inflation and deflation of the valve core 42 to realize the change of the bearing capacity and stiffness of the membrane air spring 4. The upper cover plate 43 is made of aluminum alloy, which reduces the weight of the upper cover plate 43 while ensuring the strength. The upper cover plate 43 mainly serves as the upper closing part of the membrane air spring 4. The airbag 44 is the core component of the membrane air spring 4, which is composed of a rubber diaphragm and a metal pressing part. The inner layer of the airbag 44 is made of airtight rubber, and the outer layer is made of oil-resistant rubber. The airbag 44 realizes the compression of the internal gas by deformation, and realizes the change of the stiffness of the air spring by using the compressibility of gas to realize the seismic isolation effect. The piston 45 is made of steel, which is mainly used to limit the maximum stroke of the airbag 44 and guide the movement direction of the airbag 44. The upper stopper steel ring 46 is formed by winding steel wires, and its main function is to ensure that the airbag 44 is tightly connected to the upper cover plate 43 to prevent gas leakage. The lower stopper steel ring 47 is formed by winding steel wires, and its main function is to ensure that the airbag 44 is tightly connected to the piston 45 to prevent gas leakage.

[0044] The membrane air spring 4 of this embodiment has a lower natural frequency and a lower height, is more suitable for low-frequency vibration isolation, and has variable stiffness. When the load increases, the internal pressure also increases, and the stiffness also increases. Therefore, when the load changes, the natural frequency of the vibration isolation system changes less. The air bag 44 of the membrane air spring 4 of this embodiment is a closed air bag, which is composed of a rubber diaphragm and a metal pressing part. Compared with the capsule air spring, the membrane air spring 4 of this embodiment can support the upper weight at a lower air pressure, and also has stronger torsion resistance. The effective area changes less during use, and the elastic characteristic curve does not change much. It has stronger stability under the same load conditions, and the structural design is simpler than that of the capsule air spring, and the adjustable height range is larger and the service life is longer.

[0045] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figure 1-Figure 3 This embodiment is described. A hybrid vibration isolation method of a giant magnetostrictive actuator and an air spring for dual vibration control in this embodiment is implemented based on a hybrid vibration isolator for dual vibration control described in the first embodiment, and includes:

[0046] The vibration isolation object is placed on the bearing platform 1, and the ground vibration is transmitted to the membrane air spring 4 through the bottom plate 5. The membrane air spring 4 has good low-frequency vibration isolation performance. Most of the conventional vibrations of the ground vibration are isolated by the membrane air spring 4, and the residual vibration is transmitted to the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 through the connecting plate 3. According to the information fed back by the sensor installed on the vibration isolation object, the set expected displacement and the control strategy, the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 obtains the input current required by the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 according to the feedback linearized sliding mode controller connected to it, and quickly makes adjustments to generate displacement in the opposite direction to offset the residual vibration, thereby achieving the goal of vibration isolation of the vibration isolation object.

[0047] The giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 obtains the input current required by the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2 according to the feedback linearized sliding mode controller connected thereto, and quickly makes adjustments to generate displacement in the opposite direction to offset the residual vibration. The specific method is as follows:

[0048] When the feedback linearized sliding mode controller applies a current signal of a specific frequency and amplitude to the driving coil 22, an alternating magnetic field is generated. When the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 is in the alternating magnetic field, the magnetic domains inside the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 are arranged in the direction of the external magnetic field, causing a change in the length of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21. The change in the length of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 is transmitted to the carrying device through the output rod 211. At the same time, the static magnetic field provided by the permanent magnet 23 makes the output strain frequency of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 consistent with the alternating frequency of the external magnetic field, thereby improving the control accuracy of the giant magnetostrictive actuator 2.

[0049] The driving coil 22, the upper magnetic end cap 25, the upper magnetic conductor 28, the lower magnetic end cap 24 and the lower magnetic conductor 26 together constitute a closed magnetic circuit path, all of which are made of high magnetic permeability materials, optimize the magnetic field distribution emitted from the driving coil 22, reduce magnetic resistance, and increase the effective magnetic field excitation of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21. The coolant flows into the gap between the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 and the coil skeleton 29 through the water inlet pipe 212, absorbs the heat generated by the driving coil 22 due to the eddy current effect, and flows out through the water outlet pipe 213 to maintain the temperature stability of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 and prevent the control accuracy from decreasing due to temperature changes. The preload force applied by the preload disc spring 27 is transmitted to the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 through the output rod 211. The appropriate preload force will cause the internal magnetic domain to deflect perpendicular to the length direction; when the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 is subjected to the axial magnetic field, more magnetic domains inside it will deflect at right angles, so that a larger magnetostrictive strain can be obtained. The preload of the giant magnetostrictive material rod 21 is adjusted by twisting the housing 10 and the top cover 215 to adjust the compression degree of the preload spring 27 .

[0050] The specific method of isolating most of the conventional vibrations of the ground vibration by the membrane air spring 4 is as follows: After the membrane air spring 4 is installed, the internal pressure of the airbag 44 is adjusted by inflating or deflating the airbag 44 through the valve core 42 to adapt to different load requirements, so as to adjust the stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the membrane air spring 4. The upper cover plate 43 and the top of the airbag 44 are interference fit through the upper stop steel ring 46, and rely on the internal pressure to achieve a self-sealing effect to ensure air tightness. The bottom of the airbag 44 and the piston 45 are tightly fitted through the lower stop steel ring 47 to form another sealing point to ensure the air tightness of the entire airbag. The airbag 44 adopts a straight tube design to directly contact the surface of the piston 45. This design enhances the load-bearing capacity and working stroke range of the membrane air spring 4. The airbag 44 moves up and down along the surface contour of the piston 45 due to changes in external loads.

[0051] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be arranged and combined, and those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of arrangement and combination. Therefore, the present invention will no longer describe the technical solutions after arrangement and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after arrangement and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid vibration isolator for dual control of shock and vibration, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bearing platform (1), a giant magnetostrictive actuator (2), a connecting plate (3), a membrane-type air spring (4) and a bottom plate (5); the bottom of the connecting plate (3) is mounted on the bottom plate (5) via the membrane-type air spring (4); and the bearing platform (1) is mounted on the connecting plate (3) via the giant magnetostrictive actuator (2).

2. A hybrid vibration isolator for dual control of shock and vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the membrane-type air springs (4) is at least two, and they are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the connecting plate (3).

3. A hybrid vibration isolator for dual control of shock and vibration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The giant magnetostrictive actuator (2) is arranged at the center of the connecting plate (3).

4. The hybrid vibration isolator for dual control of shock and vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The giant magnetostrictive actuator (2) comprises a giant magnetostrictive material rod (21), a driving coil (22), a permanent magnet (23), a lower magnetic end cover (24), an upper magnetic end cover (25), a lower magnetic conductor (26), a preloaded disc spring (27), an upper magnetic conductor (28), a coil skeleton (29), a housing (210), an output rod (211), a water inlet pipe (212), a water outlet pipe (213) and a connecting bolt (214); the lower magnetic end cover (24) is installed at the middle position of the bottom of the housing (210); the lower magnetic conductor (26) is installed at the center position of the top of the lower magnetic end cover (24); the giant magnetostrictive material rod (21) is installed above the lower magnetic end cover (26); and the upper magnetic conductor (26) is installed on the top of the giant magnetostrictive material rod (21). 8), an upper magnetic conductive end cover (25) is installed on the upper magnetic conductive body (28), a coil frame (29) is clamped between the upper magnetic conductive end cover (25) and the lower magnetic conductive end cover (24), a driving coil (22) is arranged in the coil frame (29), a permanent magnet (23) is arranged outside the coil frame (29), the permanent magnet (23) is located between the upper magnetic conductive end cover (25) and the lower magnetic conductive end cover (24), and is close to the inner wall of the shell (210), the top of the giant magnetostrictive material rod (21) is axially connected to the output rod (211) through the upper magnetic conductive body (28), the top of the output rod (211) passes through the shell (210) and is connected to the bearing platform (1), and a preload disc spring (27) is installed between the inner wall of the top of the shell (210) and the protrusion of the output rod (211); The water inlet pipe (212) passes through the outer shell (210) and the upper magnetic conductive end cover (25), and the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe (212) is located in the gap between the giant magnetostrictive material rod (21) and the coil skeleton (29). The water inlet end of the water outlet pipe (213) is located in the gap between the giant magnetostrictive material rod (21) and the coil skeleton (29). The water outlet pipe (213) passes through the lower magnetic conductive end cover (24) and the outer shell (210) in sequence, and the connecting bolt (214) is embedded in the center of the bottom of the outer shell (210).

5. The hybrid vibration isolator for dual control of shock and vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top cover (211) is provided on the top of the housing (210), the top cover (211) is threadedly matched with the housing (210), and a preload disc spring (27) is clamped between the top cover (211) and the protrusion of the output rod (211).

6. The hybrid vibration isolator for dual control of shock and vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The membrane air spring (4) comprises a top connection bolt (41), a valve core (42), an upper cover plate (43), an airbag (44), a piston (45), an upper stopper steel ring (46) and a lower stopper steel ring (47). A top connection bolt (41) is provided at the exact center of the upper cover plate (43), and a valve core (42) is provided through the upper cover plate (43). The top end of the airbag (44) is fixedly connected to the upper cover plate (43), and the lower end of the airbag (44) is fixedly connected to the piston (45). An upper stopper steel ring (46) is provided at the connection between the airbag (44) and the upper cover plate (43), and a lower stopper steel ring (47) is provided at the connection between the airbag (44) and the piston (45).

7. The hybrid vibration isolator for dual control of shock and vibration according to claim 2, characterized in that: A downward groove is provided at the center of the connecting plate (3) for installing the giant magnetostrictive actuator (2), and the membrane air spring (4) is arranged outside the groove of the connecting plate (3).

8. A hybrid vibration isolation method of a giant magnetostrictive actuator and an air spring for vibration and vibration dual control, which is realized by relying on a hybrid vibration isolator for vibration and vibration dual control as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The vibration isolation object is placed on a bearing platform (1), and the ground vibration is transmitted to the membrane air spring (4) via a bottom plate (5). The membrane air spring (4) isolates most of the conventional vibration of the ground vibration, and the residual vibration is transmitted to the giant magnetostrictive actuator (2) via a connecting plate (3). According to the information fed back by the sensor installed on the vibration isolation object, the set expected displacement and the control strategy, the giant magnetostrictive actuator (2) obtains the input current required by the giant magnetostrictive actuator (2) according to the feedback linearized sliding mode controller connected to it, and quickly makes adjustments to generate displacement in the opposite direction to offset the residual vibration, thereby achieving the goal of vibration isolation of the vibration isolation object.

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