Waste heat power generation refrigeration and dehumidification coupling system

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste heat power generation refrigeration and dehumidification coupling system which comprises a waste heat power generation system, an absorption refrigeration system and a dehumidification module, the waste heat power generation system comprises a dry bottom hopper, a first heat exchanger, a turbine generator and an air preheater, and the first heat exchanger comprises a first evaporator and a steam superheater; the waste heat power generation system extracts radiant heat of high-temperature ash through a first heat exchanger, drives a turbine generator to generate power and cools the high-temperature ash into medium-temperature ash. The absorption type refrigeration system utilizes waste heat of low-temperature ash residues to heat a refrigerant solution through a generator to achieve refrigeration circulation. The dehumidification module guides indoor cold return air and outdoor fresh air to conduct heat exchange through the ash container, and the humidity of the fresh air is reduced through cold ash. The multi-level gradient utilization of waste heat is achieved, the efficient refrigeration and dehumidification functions can be achieved at the same time in the high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and the system is particularly suitable for the field of industrial waste heat recovery and indoor environment regulation and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of waste heat recovery, and in particular to a waste heat power generation, refrigeration and dehumidification coupling system combining power generation, refrigeration and dehumidification functions. Background Art

[0002] In the field of waste heat recovery and utilization technology, high-temperature ash contains a large amount of thermal energy, and its effective recovery and utilization are of great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction. Traditional high-temperature ash waste heat utilization technology can convert part of the thermal energy in the ash into steam or hot water for power generation or heating. However, these technologies can often only recover part of the heat in the ash, and there is energy loss in the conversion process, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency. As a technology that uses low-grade thermal energy for refrigeration, the absorption refrigeration system has attracted attention because it can directly utilize industrial waste heat. This system achieves refrigeration through a thermochemical reaction between the absorbent and the refrigerant, and has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, and environmental friendliness.

[0003] However, in high temperature and high humidity areas, the efficiency problem of the coupling of absorption refrigeration system and waste heat recovery system is particularly prominent. In these areas, due to the high ambient humidity, the absorption refrigeration system needs to consume more heat during the evaporation process, resulting in reduced refrigeration efficiency. In addition, traditional waste heat recovery technology can usually only recover part of the heat in the ash, and the remaining heat is still discharged into the environment in the form of low temperature, resulting in energy waste. Due to the high ambient humidity, the absorption refrigeration system needs to consume more heat during the evaporation process, resulting in a significant reduction in refrigeration efficiency. Therefore, the efficiency problem of the absorption refrigeration system in high temperature and high humidity environments is particularly prominent. In addition, the performance of the absorption refrigeration system is greatly affected by the temperature of the heat source. When the temperature of the heat source is low, the refrigeration capacity of the system will drop significantly. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a waste heat power generation, refrigeration and dehumidification coupling system.

[0005] The waste heat power generation, refrigeration and dehumidification coupling system of the present invention comprises a waste heat power generation system, an absorption refrigeration system and a dehumidification module; The waste heat power generation system comprises: a cold ash hopper, a first heat exchanger, a turbine generator and an air preheater; the ash outlet of the cold ash hopper is connected to the ash inlet of the first heat exchanger, and the ash outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the ash inlet of the air preheater; the first heat exchanger comprises a first evaporator and a steam superheater, the first evaporator is provided with a first water inlet and a second water inlet, the first water inlet is used to connect to an external soft water supply system, the outlet is connected to the inlet of the steam superheater, and the outlet of the steam superheater is connected to the inlet of the turbine generator; The absorption refrigeration system comprises a second heat exchanger, a generator, a condenser, a second evaporator and an absorber; the ash inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the ash outlet of the air preheater; the water inlet of the second heat exchanger is used to connect to an external soft water supply system, the water outlet is connected to the water inlet of the generator, the refrigerant outlet of the generator is connected to the inlet of the condenser, the outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the second evaporator, the outlet of the second evaporator is connected to the inlet of the absorber, and the outlet of the absorber is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the generator; a throttle valve is provided between the condenser and the second evaporator, and a solution pump and a pressure reducing valve are provided between the absorber and the generator; The above-mentioned dehumidification module includes an ash container, a first air outlet pipe, a second air outlet pipe, a return air duct and a fresh air duct; the ash inlet of the ash container is connected to the ash outlet of the second heat exchanger, and the ash outlet of the ash container is connected to a spiral slag discharger; the ash container is also provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, one end of the first air outlet pipe is connected to the air outlet of the ash container, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the second evaporator, one end of the second air outlet pipe is connected to the air outlet of the second evaporator, and the other end is used for discharging air to the room, one end of the return air duct is used for returning air from the room, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the ash container together with the fresh air duct through a three-way valve.

[0006] The water inlet of the air preheater is used to connect to an external soft water supply system, and the water outlet is connected to the second water inlet of the first evaporator.

[0007] In the ash container, 3-5 ash channels made of non-woven fabrics are connected between the ash inlet and the ash outlet. Each ash channel is equipped with a stainless steel screen as a support frame. The stainless steel screen is installed in the ash container. The height of the ash channel is 10-15cm. The spacing between the ash channels is 20-30cm. The gaps between adjacent ash channels serve as air ducts. The ash moving direction in the ash channel is perpendicular to the moving direction of the wind in the air duct.

[0008] Beneficial effect: The present invention organically combines the waste heat power generation system, the absorption refrigeration system and the dehumidification module. It can use the high-temperature hot ash of 800℃-950℃ discharged in industrial production as the heat source, and gradually recover the heat energy through the waste heat power generation system, and finally cool the ash to a temperature close to the ambient temperature, and simultaneously realize the refrigeration and dehumidification functions, thereby realizing the multi-level utilization of waste heat. The system can not only efficiently recover the waste heat in the high-temperature ash, but also realize efficient refrigeration and dehumidification effects in a high temperature and high humidity environment, which significantly improves the energy utilization efficiency and reduces the system energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the waste heat power generation refrigeration and dehumidification coupling system; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an ash container; In the figure, 1, cold ash hopper; 2, first heat exchanger; 3, turbine generator; 4, air preheater; 5, second heat exchanger; 6, generator; 7, condenser; 8, second evaporator; 9, absorber; 10, ash container; 101, non-woven fabric; 102, air duct; 11, spiral slag discharger; 12, first air outlet pipe; 13, second air outlet pipe; 14, return air pipe; 15, fresh air pipe; 16, three-way valve; 17, throttle valve; 18, solution pump; 19, pressure reducing valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The present invention will now be further described in detail by way of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

[0011] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a waste heat power generation refrigeration and dehumidification coupling system, including a waste heat power generation system, an absorption refrigeration system and a dehumidification module.

[0012] The waste heat power generation system includes a cold ash hopper 1, a first heat exchanger 2 with an ash inlet and an ash outlet, a turbine generator 3, and an air preheater 4 with an ash inlet and an ash outlet. The ash outlet of the cold ash hopper 1 is connected to the ash inlet of the first heat exchanger 2, and the ash outlet of the first heat exchanger 2 is connected to the ash inlet of the air preheater 4; the first heat exchanger 2 includes a first evaporator and a steam superheater, and the first evaporator is provided with a first water inlet and a second water inlet, the first water inlet is used to connect to an external soft water supply system, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the steam superheater, and the outlet of the steam superheater is connected to the inlet of the turbine generator 3. The air preheater 4 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is used to connect to an external soft water supply system, and the water outlet is connected to the second water inlet of the first evaporator. The first heat exchanger 2 is a radiation heat exchanger.

[0013] The absorption refrigeration system comprises a second heat exchanger 5 having an ash inlet and an ash outlet, a generator 6 having a water inlet and a water outlet, a condenser 7, a second evaporator 8 and an absorber 9; the ash inlet of the second heat exchanger 5 is connected to the ash outlet of the air preheater 4; the second heat exchanger 5 has a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is used to connect to an external soft water supply system, the water outlet is connected to the water inlet of the generator 6, the generator 6 has a refrigerant outlet and a refrigerant inlet, the refrigerant outlet is connected to the inlet of the condenser 7, the outlet of the condenser 7 is connected to the inlet of the second evaporator 8, the outlet of the second evaporator 8 is connected to the inlet of the absorber 9, and the outlet of the absorber 9 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the generator 6; a throttle valve 17 is provided between the condenser 7 and the second evaporator 8, a solution pump 18 and a pressure reducing valve 19 are provided between the absorber 9 and the generator 6, wherein the pressure reducing valve 19 is arranged between the outlet of the solution pump 18 and the generator 6. The second evaporator 8 also has an air inlet and an air outlet. The air preheater 4, the second heat exchanger 5 and the generator 6 are all shell and tube heat exchangers, the condenser 7 is a water-cooled condenser, the second evaporator 8 is a direct evaporation heat exchanger, and the absorber 9 is a spray absorber.

[0014] The above-mentioned dehumidification module includes an ash container 10 with an ash inlet and an ash outlet, a first air outlet duct 12, a second air outlet duct 13, a return air duct 14 and a fresh air duct 15; the ash inlet of the ash container 10 is connected to the ash outlet of the second heat exchanger 5, and the ash outlet of the ash container 10 is connected to a spiral slag discharger 11; the ash container 10 is also provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, one end of the first air outlet duct 12 is connected to the air outlet of the ash container 10, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the second evaporator 8, one end of the second air outlet duct 13 is connected to the air outlet of the second evaporator 8, and the other end is used for exhausting air to the room, one end of the return air duct 14 is used for returning air from the room, and the other end and the fresh air duct 15 are connected to the air inlet of the ash container 10 through a three-way valve 16, and the three-way valve 16 can control the air flow path.

[0015] In the above-mentioned ash container 10, 3-5 ash channels made of non-woven fabrics are connected between the ash inlet and the ash outlet. Each ash channel is equipped with a stainless steel screen as a support frame. The stainless steel screen is installed in the ash container 10. The height of the ash channel is 10-15 cm, and the spacing between the ash channels is 20-30 cm to ensure uniform distribution of airflow. The gaps between the ash channels serve as air ducts 102. The ash in the ash channel moves in a direction perpendicular to the direction of wind in the air duct 102. The structure is as follows: Figure 2As shown. The particle size of ash is usually 1-10 mm, and the non-woven fabric 101 can prevent ash from leaking into the air duct 102. Specifically, several horizontal partitions are respectively arranged at the ash inlet and ash outlet of the ash container 10 to equally divide the ash inlet and ash outlet into 3-5 sub-inlets and sub-outlets, and stainless steel screens are connected and installed at the corresponding sub-inlets and sub-outlets, and then the non-woven fabric tube with two ends through is installed on the stainless steel screen, and at the same time, the two ends of the non-woven fabric tube are fixedly installed on the sub-inlet and sub-outlet respectively so that the ash can only pass through the non-woven fabric tube.

[0016] The cold ash hopper 1, the first heat exchanger 2, the air preheater 4, the second heat exchanger 5, the ash container 10, and the spiral slag discharger 11 are sequentially connected to form an ash passage. The ash passage between the ash inlet and the ash outlet, the water passage between the water inlet and the water outlet, and the air passage between the air inlet and the air outlet are all independent of each other.

[0017] The high-temperature hot ash (800℃-950℃) first enters the cold ash hopper 1, and then enters the first heat exchanger 2. The high-temperature hot ash releases radiant heat in the first heat exchanger 2, so that the soft water entering the first heat exchanger 2 evaporates and superheats to 450℃-500℃ high-pressure steam, driving the turbine generator 3 to generate electricity. After power generation, the high-temperature hot ash is cooled to medium-temperature hot ash of 300℃-500℃ and enters the air preheater 4.

[0018] The air preheater 4 uses the waste heat of the medium-temperature hot ash to preheat the soft water entering the air preheater 4 and transport it to the second water inlet of the first evaporator, thereby increasing the system thermal efficiency to more than 85%. The medium-temperature hot ash is further cooled to 100℃-200℃ in the preheater 4 to form low-temperature hot ash, which then enters the second heat exchanger 5.

[0019] The low-temperature hot ash releases waste heat in the second heat exchanger 5, heating the soft water entering the second heat exchanger 5 to 80℃-90℃, and the low-temperature hot ash cools down to 30℃-50℃ cold ash, providing a heat source for the refrigerant solution in the generator 6. The second heat exchanger 5 uses the waste heat of the low-temperature ash to heat the refrigerant solution, causing the refrigerant to evaporate and form a high-pressure gas; the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed into a liquid in the condenser 7, and enters the second evaporator 8 after the pressure is reduced by the throttle valve 17, where it absorbs heat and evaporates, absorbing the heat of the surrounding environment to achieve refrigeration; the evaporated low-pressure refrigerant vapor is absorbed by the absorber 9 to complete the refrigeration cycle; the solution pump 18 is used to transport the dilute refrigerant solution in the absorber 9 to the generator 6 to maintain the circulation of the refrigerant solution in the absorption refrigeration system; the pressure reducing valve 19 is arranged between the outlet of the solution pump 18 and the generator 6, and is used to adjust the pressure of the refrigerant solution to ensure that the refrigerant solution can smoothly undergo the heating and evaporation process in the generator 6.

[0020] After the cold ash enters the ash container 10, the cold return air drawn from the indoor air at 20℃-26℃ is first exchanged with the ash container 10 through the return air duct 14, and the temperature of the cold ash drops to 25℃-30℃; then the outdoor fresh air at 30℃-35℃ is introduced through the fresh air duct 15 for further heat exchange with the ash, and the humidity of the fresh air is reduced. The dehumidified dry fresh air enters the evaporator 8 through the first air outlet duct 12, absorbs the cold energy evaporated by the refrigerant, and the temperature drops to 15℃-18℃, and the low-temperature air is sent back to the room through the second air outlet duct 13.

[0021] The above-mentioned technologies not specifically mentioned are all referred to the prior art.

[0022] Based on the above-mentioned ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above-mentioned description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification.

Claims

1. A waste heat power generation, refrigeration and dehumidification coupling system, characterized in that: It includes waste heat power generation system, absorption refrigeration system and dehumidification module; The waste heat power generation system comprises: a cold ash hopper (1), a first heat exchanger (2), a turbine generator (3) and an air preheater (4); the ash outlet of the cold ash hopper (1) is connected to the ash inlet of the first heat exchanger (2), and the ash outlet of the first heat exchanger (2) is connected to the ash inlet of the air preheater (4); the first heat exchanger (2) comprises a first evaporator and a steam superheater, the first evaporator is provided with a first water inlet and a second water inlet, the first water inlet is used to connect to an external soft water supply system, the outlet is connected to the inlet of the steam superheater, and the outlet of the steam superheater is connected to the inlet of the turbine generator (3); The absorption refrigeration system comprises a second heat exchanger (5), a generator (6), a condenser (7), a second evaporator (8) and an absorber (9); the ash inlet of the second heat exchanger (5) is connected to the ash outlet of the air preheater (4); the water inlet of the second heat exchanger (5) is used to connect to an external soft water supply system, the water outlet is connected to the water inlet of the generator (6), the refrigerant outlet of the generator (6) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (7), the outlet of the condenser (7) is connected to the inlet of the second evaporator (8), the outlet of the second evaporator (8) is connected to the inlet of the absorber (9), and the outlet of the absorber (9) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the generator (6); a throttle valve (17) is provided between the condenser (7) and the second evaporator (8), and a solution pump (18) and a pressure reducing valve (19) are provided between the absorber (9) and the generator (6); The dehumidification module comprises an ash container (10), a first air outlet pipe (12), a second air outlet pipe (13), a return air pipe (14) and a fresh air pipe (15); the ash inlet of the ash container (10) is connected to the ash outlet of the second heat exchanger (5), and the ash outlet of the ash container (10) is connected to a spiral slag discharger (11); the ash container 10 is also provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, one end of the first air outlet pipe (12) is connected to the air outlet of the ash container (10), and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the second evaporator (8); one end of the second air outlet pipe (13) is connected to the air outlet of the second evaporator (8), and the other end is used for discharging air to the room; one end of the return air pipe (14) is used for returning air from the room, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the ash container (10) together with the fresh air pipe (15) through a three-way valve (16).

2. The waste heat power generation, refrigeration and dehumidification coupling system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water inlet of the air preheater (4) is used to connect to an external soft water supply system, and the water outlet is connected to the second water inlet of the first evaporator.

3. The waste heat power generation, refrigeration and dehumidification coupling system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In the ash container (10), 3 to 5 ash channels made of non-woven fabric are connected between the ash inlet and the ash outlet. Each ash channel is equipped with a stainless steel screen as a support frame. The stainless steel screen is installed in the ash container (10). The height of the ash channel is 10 to 15 cm. The spacing between the ash channels is 20 to 30 cm. The gaps between adjacent ash channels serve as air ducts (102). The direction of ash movement in the ash channel is perpendicular to the direction of wind movement in the air duct (102).

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