Air conditioner

By designing a self-cleaning filter element structure in the air conditioner, and using the cooperation of the drive and cleaning parts, the problem of impurities attached to the filter element after long-term use is solved, improving the convenience of use and filtering effect of the air conditioner.

CN120101216APending Publication Date: 2025-06-06NINGBO AUX ELECTRIC CO LTD +1
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202311622808.9
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2023-11-29
Publication Date
2025-06-06

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

After long-term use, the filter parts of the air conditioner will adhere to more impurities and dust, resulting in a reduction in filtration effect and affecting the air output effect. In addition, the cleaning process of the existing filter parts is difficult to disassemble and assemble, reducing the convenience of use.

Method used

An air conditioner is designed, which includes a drive member, a support member, a filter member and a cleaning member. The drive member is driven to the support member, the filter member is annular and cooperates with the support member, and the cleaning member includes a first static brush and a dynamic brush, the dynamic brush is driven to the drive member, and the first static brush and the dynamic brush are in contact with the filter member, so as to realize self-cleaning.

Benefits of technology

Through the independent cleaning function, the frequency of disassembly and assembly of the filter parts is reduced, the convenience of using the air conditioner is improved, and the filtering effect of the filter parts is improved.

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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an air conditioner, and relates to the field of heat exchange equipment. The air conditioner comprises a driving part, a supporting part, a filter screen part and a cleaning part. Wherein the driving part is in transmission connection with the supporting part, the filter screen part is in an annular shape and is matched with the supporting part, the cleaning part comprises a first static brush and a dynamic brush, the dynamic brush is in transmission connection with the driving part, and the first static brush and the dynamic brush are both in contact with the filter screen part. In the working process, the driving piece is used for providing power to drive the supporting piece and the dynamic brush to move, meanwhile, the supporting piece and the filter screen piece are matched to drive the filter screen piece to move annularly, the first static brush and the dynamic brush can remove dust and impurities attached to the filter screen piece through contact with the filter screen piece, and then cleaning operation on the filter screen piece is achieved; the disassembly and assembly frequency of the filter screen piece is reduced, and the use convenience of the air conditioner is improved.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of heat exchange equipment, and in particular to an air conditioner. Background Art

[0002] After long-term use of the air conditioner, a lot of impurities and dust will adhere to the surface of the filter, which will reduce the filtering effect of the filter and affect the overall air conditioning effect.

[0003] The existing filter element needs to be taken out specially for cleaning, and there is a certain degree of difficulty in disassembly and assembly, thereby reducing the convenience of using the air conditioner. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an air conditioner which can complete cleaning operations by itself, reduces the frequency of disassembly and assembly of a filter element, and thus improves the portability of the air conditioner.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides an air conditioner, comprising:

[0007] Driving parts, supporting parts, filter parts and cleaning parts;

[0008] The driving member is transmission-connected to the supporting member, the filter member is annular and cooperates with the supporting member, the cleaning member includes a first static brush and a dynamic brush, the dynamic brush is transmission-connected to the driving member, and the first static brush and the dynamic brush are both in contact with the filter member.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the driving member is used to provide power to drive the supporting member and the dynamic brush to move. At the same time, the supporting member cooperates with the filter member to drive the filter member to move in a circular motion. The first static brush and the dynamic brush can remove dust and impurities attached to the filter member through contact with the filter member, thereby realizing the cleaning operation of the filter member, reducing the frequency of disassembly and assembly of the filter member, and improving the convenience of using the air conditioner.

[0010] Optionally, the movement direction of the dynamic brush is opposite to the movement direction of the filter element.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the dynamic brush and the filter element are made to move in opposite directions, which can increase the friction between the two, thereby improving the cleaning strength of the dynamic brush on the filter element.

[0012] Optionally, the filter element is provided with an ash removal surface, the ash removal surface extends in a horizontal direction, and the first static brush and the dynamic brush are both arranged on the lower side of the ash removal surface.

[0013] In the above technical solution, by limiting the positional relationship between the first static brush, the dynamic brush and the dust removal surface, the probability of dust and impurities separated from the filter element after cleaning and re-attaching to the filter element can be reduced.

[0014] Optionally, the number of the first static brushes is at least two, and the first static brushes are arranged on both sides of the dynamic brush.

[0015] In the above technical solution, by arranging the dynamic brush between the first static brushes, a multiple cleaning structure for the filter element can be formed, thereby fully ensuring the cleaning effect of the filter element.

[0016] Optionally, the cleaning member further comprises a second static brush, wherein the second static brush contacts the dynamic brush.

[0017] In the above technical solution, a second static brush is provided to clean the dynamic brush, thereby preventing excessive dust and impurities from being attached to the dynamic brush and affecting the cleaning effect of the dynamic brush on the filter element.

[0018] Optionally, the filter element and the second static brush are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the dynamic brush relative to each other.

[0019] In the above technical solution, by limiting the relative positions of the filter element, the second static brush and the dynamic brush, dust and impurities dropped on the filter can be prevented from accumulating on the surface of the second static brush, thereby ensuring the cleaning effect of the dynamic brush and the filter element.

[0020] Optionally, the driving member includes a driving source, a first speed reduction member and a second speed reduction member, wherein the first speed reduction member is connected between the driving source and the supporting member, and the second speed reduction member is connected between the driving source and the dynamic brush.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the driving source is used to provide power, and the first reduction member and the second reduction member are respectively used to reduce the speed to drive the support member and the dynamic brush to move stably, so as to avoid the two moving too fast and affecting the filtering and cleaning effects.

[0022] Optionally, the first reduction member includes a first gear, a second gear, a third gear and a fourth gear, the first gear is coaxially arranged with the driving source, the second gear is coaxially arranged with the third gear, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear, the fourth gear is connected to the supporting member, the number of teeth of the first gear is smaller than the number of teeth of the second gear, and the number of teeth of the third gear is smaller than the number of teeth of the second gear and the fourth gear.

[0023] In the above technical solution, by limiting the gear transmission structure of the first reduction member, the transmission stability between the driving source and the supporting member can be ensured, and the occupied space can be reduced as much as possible under the premise of having a larger range of reduction transmission ratios.

[0024] Optionally, the second reduction member is a fifth gear, the fifth gear is coaxially connected to the dynamic brush, the driving source is coaxially provided with a first gear, the fifth gear meshes with the first gear, and the number of teeth of the first gear is smaller than the number of teeth of the fifth gear.

[0025] In the above technical solution, by limiting the gear transmission structure of the second reduction member, the transmission stability between the dynamic brush and the driving source can be ensured.

[0026] Optionally, the air conditioner further comprises a dust box, and the dust box is arranged at the lower side of the first static brush and the dynamic brush.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the dust box is provided to facilitate the unified collection of dust and impurities generated during cleaning operations, so as to prevent the dust and impurities from being scattered around and affecting the cleanliness of the entire air conditioner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an air conditioner provided in an embodiment of the present invention at a first viewing angle;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an air conditioner provided in an embodiment of the present invention at a second viewing angle;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an air conditioner provided in an embodiment of the present invention at a third viewing angle;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the air conditioner provided in the embodiment of the present invention at a fourth viewing angle.

[0033] Icons: 100-air conditioner; 110-driving member; 111-driving source; 112-first reduction member; 1121-first gear; 1122-second gear; 1123-third gear; 1124-fourth gear; 113-second reduction member; 120-supporting member; 121-active roller; 122-driven roller; 1221-inner roller; 1222-outer roller; 130-filter member; 1301-dust removal surface; 131-filter section; 132-cleaning section; 140-cleaning member; 141-first static brush; 142-dynamic brush; 143-second static brush; 190-dust box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear to indicate an orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish between the descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0040] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 The air conditioner 100 provided in the embodiment of the present invention can solve the above problems, which will be described in detail below.

[0043] refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 The air conditioner 100 includes a driving member 110, a supporting member 120, a filter member 130 and a cleaning member 140; wherein the driving member 110 is transmission-connected to the supporting member 120, the filter member 130 is annular and cooperates with the supporting member 120, and the cleaning member 140 includes a first static brush 141 and a dynamic brush 142, the dynamic brush 142 is transmission-connected to the driving member 110, and both the first static brush 141 and the dynamic brush 142 are in contact with the filter member 130.

[0044] During operation, the driving member 110 is used to provide power to drive the supporting member 120 and the dynamic brush 142 to move. At the same time, the supporting member 120 cooperates with the filter member 130 to drive the filter member 130 to move in a circular motion. The first static brush 141 and the dynamic brush 142 can remove dust and impurities attached to the filter member 130 through contact with the filter member 130, thereby realizing the cleaning operation of the filter member 130, reducing the frequency of disassembly and assembly of the filter member 130, and improving the convenience of use of the air conditioner 100.

[0045] It is worth noting that the filter element 130 performs circular motion by cooperating with the support element 120, that is, the filter element 130 is also moving while performing filtering operations. The dynamic movement of the filter element 130 itself can improve the filtering effect of the airflow blown out of the air conditioner 100.

[0046] Furthermore, in order to ensure the filtering effect, the filter element 130 has a certain extension width, and the extension lengths of the second static brush 143 and the dynamic brush 142 are adapted to the extension width of the filter element 130 to avoid a cleaning blind spot.

[0047] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The driving member 110 includes a driving source 111, a first deceleration member 112 and a second deceleration member 113. The first deceleration member 112 is connected between the driving source 111 and the supporting member 120, and the second deceleration member 113 is connected between the driving source 111 and the dynamic brush 142.

[0048] In the above technical solution, the driving source 111 is used to provide power, and the first deceleration member 112 and the second deceleration member 113 are respectively used to reduce the speed to drive the support member 120 and the dynamic brush 142 to move stably to avoid the two moving too fast and affecting the filtering and cleaning effects.

[0049] Specifically, the first reduction member 112 includes a first gear 1121, a second gear 1122, a third gear 1123 and a fourth gear 1124. The first gear 1121 is coaxially arranged with the driving source 111, the second gear 1122 and the third gear 1123 are coaxially arranged, the first gear 1121 is meshed with the second gear 1122, the third gear 1123 is meshed with the fourth gear 1124, and the fourth gear 1124 is connected to the support member 120. The number of teeth of the first gear 1121 is smaller than the number of teeth of the second gear 1122, and the number of teeth of the third gear 1123 is smaller than the number of teeth of the second gear 1122 and the fourth gear 1124.

[0050] Specifically, the second reduction member 113 is a fifth gear, which is coaxially connected to the dynamic brush 142 , and the driving source 111 is coaxially provided with a first gear 1121 , which meshes with the first gear 1121 , and the number of teeth of the first gear 1121 is smaller than that of the fifth gear.

[0051] The air conditioner 100 ensures the transmission stability between the driving source 111 and the supporting member 120, and between the driving source 111 and the dynamic brush 142 by limiting the first reduction member 112 and the second reduction member 113 to be gear transmission structures. It can also reduce the occupied space as much as possible while having a larger range of reduction transmission ratios, thereby avoiding an increase in the volume of the air conditioner 100.

[0052] It is worth noting that in other embodiments of the present invention, the first deceleration member 112 and the second deceleration member 113 can also be a synchronous belt structure, the driving wheel of the synchronous belt can be coaxially arranged with the driving source 111, and the support member 120 and the dynamic brush 142 are respectively connected to the driven wheels of the two synchronous belts, thereby realizing the deceleration operation of the support member 120 and the dynamic brush 142.

[0053] In this embodiment, the support member 120 includes an active roller 121 and a driven roller 122. The active roller 121 is coaxially arranged with the fourth gear 1124. The active roller 121 cooperates with the filter element 130. The fourth gear 1124 can drive the active roller 121 to rotate, and the filter element 130 is driven to move by the friction between the active roller 121 and the filter element 130. The driven roller 122 is arranged at the end and corner of the filter element 130. The driven roller 122 does not have the function of power transmission. The filter element 130 can drive the driven roller 122 to rotate by friction while moving.

[0054] Specifically, the active roller 121 is arranged on the inner side of the annular filter element 130, so as to ensure the contact area between the active roller 121 and the filter element 130 to increase the friction between the two. The driven roller 122 also includes an inner roller 1221 and an outer roller 1222, wherein the inner roller 1221 is arranged on the inner side of the annular filter element 130, and the outer roller 1222 is arranged on the outer side of the annular filter element 130, and the cross-sectional dimension of the outer roller 1222 is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the inner roller 1221. Because the corner of the outer side of the annular filter element 130 is an obtuse angle, the contact area with the outer roller 1222 is relatively small, and thus the manufacturing cost can be reduced by reducing the cross-sectional dimension of the outer roller 1222. It is worth noting that the outer roller 1222 can also play a tensioning role on the filter element 130.

[0055] In this embodiment, the filter element 130 includes a filter section 131 and a cleaning section 132. The filter section 131 and the cleaning section 132 are connected end to end to form an annular structure. The extension direction of the filter section 131 is set at an angle to the extension direction of the cleaning section 132. The first static brush 141 and the dynamic brush 142 are both in contact with the cleaning section 132. The setting position of the filter section 131 corresponds to the air outlet frame of the air conditioner 100, and is mainly used to filter the blown airflow; while the cleaning section 132 does not directly filter the airflow. By protruding the cleaning section 132 from the filter section 131, the surface area of ​​the cleaning section 132 can be increased, which is convenient for arranging the first static brush 141 and the dynamic brush 142 to facilitate cleaning operations.

[0056] It is worth noting that the filtering section 131 and the cleaning section 132 on the filter element 130 are not constant, because the filter element 130 will continue to move during the operation. At a certain moment, a certain position on the filtering section 131 will move to the cleaning section 132 after a certain period of time, and then move to the filtering section 131 after a certain period of time, and continue to move in a cycle.

[0057] refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 The movement direction of the dynamic brush 142 is opposite to the movement direction of the filter element 130 , so that the dynamic brush 142 and the filter element 130 move in opposite directions, which can increase the friction between the two and thereby enhance the cleaning strength of the dynamic brush 142 on the filter element 130 .

[0058] Of course, the dynamic brush 142 and the filter element 130 may also move in the same direction, because the filter element 130 moves continuously and the filter element 130 and the dynamic brush 142 come into contact at different positions at different times, so the filter element 130 can be cleaned.

[0059] Furthermore, the filter element 130 is provided with an ash removal surface 1301 extending in the horizontal direction, and the first static brush 141 and the dynamic brush 142 are both provided at the lower side of the ash removal surface 1301. Specifically, the ash removal surface 1301 is located in the cleaning section 132.

[0060] The air conditioner 100 can reduce the probability of dust and impurities that have been separated from the filter element 130 after cleaning and then reattached to the filter element 130 by limiting the positional relationship between the first static brush 141, the dynamic brush 142 and the dust removal surface 1301.

[0061] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The number of the first static brushes 141 is at least two, and the dynamic brush 142 is disposed between at least two first static brushes 141 , which can form a multiple cleaning structure for the filter element 130 , thereby fully ensuring the cleaning effect of the filter element 130 .

[0062] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The cleaning element 140 also includes a second static brush 143, which is in contact with the dynamic brush 142. The second static brush 143 is provided to clean the dynamic brush 142, thereby preventing excessive dust and impurities from remaining on the dynamic brush 142 and affecting the cleaning effect of the dynamic brush 142 on the filter element 130.

[0063] Furthermore, the extension length of the second static brush 143 is adapted to the extension length of the dynamic brush 142 to avoid a cleaning blind area.

[0064] refer to Figure 4The filter element 130 and the second static brush 143 are relatively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the dynamic brush 142. By limiting the relative positions of the filter element 130, the second static brush 143 and the dynamic brush 142, dust and impurities fallen on the filter can be prevented from gathering on the surface of the second static brush 143, thereby ensuring the cleaning effect of the dynamic brush 142 and the filter element 130.

[0065] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The air conditioner 100 further includes a dust box 190, which is disposed at the lower side of the first static brush 141 and the dynamic brush 142. The dust box 190 is provided to facilitate the unified collection of dust and impurities generated during cleaning, so as to prevent the dust and impurities from being scattered around and affecting the cleanliness of the entire air conditioner 100. In addition, the second static brush 143 is also located at the upper side of the dust box 190, so that the dust and impurities brushed off from the dynamic brush 142 by the second static brush 143 can also fall smoothly into the dust box 190 and be uniformly collected by the dust box 190.

[0066] In this embodiment, the dust box 190 is a rectangular structure with an open top. The extended length of the dust box 190 is adapted to the width of the filter element 130, the length of the first static brush 141, the length of the second static brush 143 and the length of the dynamic brush 142, so that the dust and impurities brushed off can fall smoothly into the dust box 190.

[0067] Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, under the premise of ensuring the collection effect of dust and impurities, the dust box 190 can also be a cylindrical structure with an open top, a prismatic structure, a truncated cone structure, etc., and the specific structural shape of the dust box 190 is not limited.

[0068] In this embodiment, the projections of the driving member 110 and the supporting member 120 in the axial direction of the supporting member 120 are both located on the inner side of the cleaning section 132, so that the occupied space can be reduced as much as possible when arranging the driving member 110 and the supporting member 120, and the space utilization can be improved without affecting the filtering effect of the filtering section 131 and the cleaning effect of the cleaning member 140.

[0069] It is worth noting that the air conditioner 100 also includes an inner casing and an outer casing. The driving member 110, the supporting member 120, the filter member 130 and the cleaning member 140 are all accommodated in the inner casing. An air outlet frame is provided on the inner casing. The position of the filter member 130 corresponds to the position of the air outlet frame. An internal fan is also installed in the inner casing for realizing air flow exchange with the indoor environment.

[0070] A compressor and an external fan are arranged in the outer casing. The compressor is used to compress the air, and the external fan is used to exchange airflow with the outdoor environment. Heat exchange pipelines are arranged in both the inner casing and the outer casing. The heat exchange pipelines are used to exchange heat with the airflow to achieve the temperature regulation of the indoor environment.

[0071] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An air conditioner, It is characterized in that include: A driving member (110), a supporting member (120), a filter member (130) and a cleaning member (140); The driving member (110) is transmission-connected to the supporting member (120); the filter member (130) is annular and cooperates with the supporting member (120); the cleaning member (140) comprises a first static brush (141) and a dynamic brush (142); the dynamic brush (142) is transmission-connected to the driving member (110); and the first static brush (141) and the dynamic brush (142) are both in contact with the filter member (130).

2. The air conditioner according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The moving direction of the dynamic brush (142) is opposite to the moving direction of the filter element (130).

3. The air conditioner according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The filter element (130) is provided with an ash removal surface (1301), and the ash removal surface (1301) extends in a horizontal direction. The first static brush (141) and the dynamic brush (142) are both arranged on the lower side of the ash removal surface (1301).

4. The air conditioner according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The number of the first static brushes (141) is at least two, and the first static brushes (141) are arranged on both sides of the dynamic brush (142).

5. The air conditioner according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The cleaning member (140) further comprises a second static brush (143), wherein the second static brush (143) is in contact with the dynamic brush (142).

6. The air conditioner according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The filter element (130) and the second static brush (143) are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the dynamic brush (142) relative to each other.

7. The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The driving member (110) comprises a driving source (111), a first deceleration member (112) and a second deceleration member (113), wherein the first deceleration member (112) is connected between the driving source (111) and the supporting member (120), and the second deceleration member (113) is connected between the driving source (111) and the dynamic brush (142).

8. The air conditioner according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The first reduction member (112) comprises a first gear (1121), a second gear (1122), a third gear (1123) and a fourth gear (1124); the first gear (1121) is coaxially arranged with the driving source (111); the second gear (1122) is coaxially arranged with the third gear (1123); the first gear (1121) is meshed with the second gear (1122); the third gear (1123) is meshed with the fourth gear (1124); the fourth gear (1124) is connected to the supporting member (120); the number of teeth of the first gear (1121) is smaller than the number of teeth of the second gear (1122); the number of teeth of the third gear (1123) is smaller than the number of teeth of the second gear (1122) and the fourth gear (1124).

9. The air conditioner according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The second reduction member (113) is a fifth gear, which is coaxially connected to the dynamic brush (142); the driving source (111) is coaxially provided with a first gear (1121), the fifth gear is meshed with the first gear (1121), and the number of teeth of the first gear (1121) is smaller than the number of teeth of the fifth gear.

10. The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The air conditioner further comprises a dust box (190), and the dust box (190) is arranged on the lower side of the first static brush (141) and the dynamic brush (142).