Fine design method for presplitting blasting charging structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a fine design method for a pre-splitting blasting charging structure, which comprises the following steps of: exploring rock stratum properties on a pre-splitting blasting site to determine various physical indexes of rocks; determining specific blasting parameters according to rock stratum properties; according to the specific blasting parameters, various pre-splitting blasting parameters are calculated; and according to the pre-splitting blasting parameters, shots are manufactured, so that blast hole charging is conducted through the shots on the pre-splitting blasting site. According to the explosive loading amount calculation mode, the phenomenon that errors exist in explosive preparation in blasting construction is effectively solved, explosive energy can be more accurately and fully played in rock mass, the blasting quality is enhanced, and the blasting effect is improved; quickness is achieved under high accuracy, and the working efficiency of the design stage is improved; in the design stage, the'shots' manufactured according to the calculated important pre-splitting blasting parameters are more convenient to implement construction, the effect of accurate dispensing is achieved, and the actual operation efficiency on site is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mining, and in particular discloses a refined design method for a pre-splitting blasting charge structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, when open-pit mining reaches the final stage, blasting work involves the issue of protecting the stability of the slope. Pre-splitting blasting is to arrange dense blastholes along the designed excavation boundary, adopt uncoupled charging, detonate before blasting in the main blasting area, and form pre-cracks between the blasting area and the reserved area to reduce the damage of the main blasthole blasting to the retained rock mass and form a flat contour surface. The principle is to drill a row of parallel deep holes with small hole spacing on the contour line of the blasting area, reduce the amount of charging, adopt an uncoupled charging structure, and detonate simultaneously before blasting the main blastholes in the excavation area, forming a flat pre-crack in the direction of the line between the row of pre-crack holes. After the pre-crack is formed, the main blastholes and buffer blastholes are detonated.

[0003] However, the design and implementation of pre-splitting hole blasting in blasting engineering currently have the following problems:

[0004] 1. The design of the corresponding charge ratios of the strengthening section, weakening section and normal section was not refined enough during the implementation of the construction, and the charge section could not exert the maximum effect on the rock formation at the corresponding position.

[0005] 2. The calculation method of traditional pre-splitting charge design is rough and complicated, and the work efficiency in the design stage is low.

[0006] 3. In terms of operation process, the traditional pre-splitting charge design method is not fully implemented, the actual charge weight on site is unclear, and the operation efficiency is low.

[0007] Therefore, the above-mentioned defects in the design and implementation of pre-splitting hole blasting in current blasting engineering are technical problems that need to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention provides a refined design method for a pre-splitting blasting charge structure, aiming to solve at least one of the above-mentioned defects existing in the design and implementation of pre-splitting hole blasting in current blasting engineering.

[0009] The present invention relates to a refined design method for a pre-splitting blasting charge structure, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Conduct exploration of rock formation properties at the pre-splitting blasting site to determine various physical indicators of the rock, including hardness coefficient and maximum bearing stress of the rock;

[0011] Determine specific blasting parameters according to the rock formation properties. Specific blasting parameters include line charge density, multiples of line charge density increase in enhanced charge section, multiples of line charge density increase in weakened charge section, and multiples of line charge density increase in normal charge section.

[0012] According to the specific blasting parameters, various pre-splitting blasting parameters are calculated, including the number of bundles in the strengthening section, the number of bundles in the normal section, the number of bundles in the normal section, the number of charge rolls in the strengthening section, the number of charge rolls in the normal section and the number of charge rolls in the weakening section;

[0013] According to the pre-splitting blasting parameters, a gun stick is made so as to charge the blastholes with the gun stick at the pre-splitting blasting site. The gun stick is provided with a strengthening section, a normal section and a weakening section. The normal section is provided with a normal section interval, and the weakening section is provided with a weakening section interval.

[0014] Furthermore, the steps of exploring the rock formation properties at the pre-splitting blasting site and determining various physical indicators of the rock include:

[0015] According to the hole network parameters, the aperture of the pre-crack hole is determined;

[0016] According to the pre-splitting hole diameter, the pre-splitting hole distance, the blocking length, the normal interval length, the weakened interval length, the strengthened interval length and the pre-splitting hole depth are obtained;

[0017] The various physical indicators of rock are determined based on the pre-crack hole spacing, blocking length, normal interval length, weakened interval length, strengthened interval length and pre-crack hole depth.

[0018] Further, in the step of obtaining the pre-splitting hole spacing according to the pre-splitting hole diameter, the pre-splitting hole spacing is:

[0019] a 预 =(8~12)d

[0020] Among them, a 预 is the pre-splitting hole distance, and d is the pre-splitting hole diameter.

[0021] Furthermore, in the step of determining specific blasting parameters according to the rock formation properties, the line charge density is obtained according to the pre-splitting hole spacing, and the line charge density is:

[0022] q 线 =0.042[(8~12)] 0.5 a 预 0.6

[0023] Among them, q 线 is the charge density, a 预 is the pre-splitting hole spacing.

[0024] Further, according to the rock formation properties, the step of determining specific blasting parameters includes:

[0025] According to the depth of the pre-splitting hole, the corresponding increase multiples of the charge density of the enhanced charge section line and the increase multiples of the charge density of the weakened charge section line are obtained from the preset pre-splitting blasting charge table;

[0026] The multiples of the charge density increase of the enhanced charge section line, the multiples of the charge density increase of the weakened charge section line, the depth of the pre-crack hole and the plugging length are calculated to determine the multiples of the charge density increase of the normal charge section line.

[0027] Further, in the step of calculating the increase multiple of the charge density of the normal charge section line according to the increase multiple of the charge density of the enhanced charge section line, the increase multiple of the charge density of the weakened charge section line, the depth of the pre-crack hole and the plugging length, the increase multiple of the charge density of the normal charge section line is:

[0028] K 常 =Hi -j -K 强 -K 弱 -l 堵

[0029] Among them, K 常 H is the multiple of the normal charging section line charge density increase. i-j is the depth of the pre-cracked hole, K 强 To strengthen the charge density of the charge section, K 弱 To reduce the charge density of the charge section line, the multiple is increased. 堵 is the blocking length.

[0030] Furthermore, in the step of calculating various pre-splitting blasting parameters according to specific blasting parameters, the number of bundles of reinforcement sections is obtained according to the length of the reinforcement interval, and the number of bundles of reinforcement sections is:

[0031] S 强 = l 强 / 0.3

[0032] Among them, S 强 is the number of reinforcement bundles, l 强 To strengthen the interval length;

[0033] According to the line charge density, the number of charge rolls in the reinforcement section is obtained. The number of charge rolls in the reinforcement section is:

[0034] N 强 = l 强 ×K 强 ×q 线

[0035] Among them, N 强 To strengthen the number of medicine rolls, K 强 To strengthen the charge density of the charge section, q 线 is the charge density of the wire.

[0036] Furthermore, in the step of calculating various pre-splitting blasting parameters according to specific blasting parameters, the normal section bundle number is obtained according to the multiple increase of the charge density of the normal charge section line, and the normal section bundle number is:

[0037] S 常 =K 常 / (l 常 +0.3)

[0038] Among them, S 常 is the normal segment bundle number, K 常 The normal charging section line charge density is increased by multiples, l 常 is the normal interval length;

[0039] According to the line charge density, the normal section charge volume number is obtained. The normal section charge volume number is:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, N 常 is the number of normal section medicine rolls, K 常 The normal charging section line charge density is increased by multiples, q 线 is the charge density, S 常 This is the normal number of bundles.

[0042] Furthermore, in the step of calculating various pre-splitting blasting parameters according to specific blasting parameters, the normal section bundle number is obtained according to the multiple increase of the charge density of the weakened charge section line, and the normal section bundle number is:

[0043]

[0044] Among them, S 弱 is the normal segment bundle number, K 弱 To reduce the charge density of the charge section line, the multiple is increased. 弱 To reduce the interval length;

[0045] According to the charge density, the number of charge rolls in the weakening section is obtained. The number of charge rolls in the weakening section is:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, N 弱 K is the number of weakening section rolls. 弱 To reduce the charge density of the charge section line, q 线 is the charge density, S 弱 This is the normal number of bundles.

[0048] Furthermore, each pre-splitting blasting parameter also includes an actual charge amount. In the step of calculating each pre-splitting blasting parameter according to the specific blasting parameters, the actual charge amount is calculated according to the number of bundles of the reinforcement section, the number of bundles of the normal section, the number of bundles of the normal section, the number of charge rolls of the reinforcement section, the number of charge rolls of the normal section and the number of charge rolls of the weakening section. The actual charge amount is:

[0049] Q=(S 强 ·N 强 +S 常 ·N 常 +S 弱 ·N 弱 ) / 0.3

[0050] Among them, Q is the actual dosage, S 强 N is the number of reinforcement bundles, 强 To strengthen the number of medicine rolls, S 常 is the normal segment bundle number, N 常 is the number of normal section medicine rolls, S 弱 is the normal segment bundle number, N 弱 To reduce the number of medicine rolls.

[0051] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0052] The present invention provides a refined design method for a pre-splitting blasting charge structure, which determines various physical indicators of the rock by exploring the rock formation properties at the pre-splitting blasting site; determines specific blasting parameters based on the rock formation properties; calculates various pre-splitting blasting parameters based on the specific blasting parameters; and manufactures firing skewer according to the pre-splitting blasting parameters, so as to use the firing skewer to charge the blasthole at the pre-splitting blasting site. The refined design method for a pre-splitting blasting charge structure provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] 1. The charge calculation method effectively solves the problem of errors in charge mixing during blasting construction, and more accurately enables the energy of explosives to be more fully exerted in the rock mass, thereby enhancing the blasting quality and the blasting effect.

[0054] 2. It is faster with high accuracy, which improves the work efficiency in the design stage.

[0055] 3. During the design stage, the "blasting sticks" made according to the calculated important pre-splitting blasting parameters are more convenient for construction implementation, achieve the effect of precise drug distribution, and effectively improve the actual operation efficiency on site. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for fine design of a pre-splitting blasting charge structure according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a cannon stick in the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a pre-splitting blasting charge table in the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a single explosive roll of φ32 emulsion explosive in the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the pre-crack hole depth in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first embodiment of the present invention proposes a refined design method for a pre-splitting blasting charge structure, comprising the following steps:

[0063] Step S100: Exploring the rock properties at the pre-splitting blasting site to determine various physical indicators of the rock, including hardness coefficient and maximum bearing stress of the rock.

[0064] By exploring the rock properties at the pre-splitting blasting site (the specific location of the on-site pre-splitting blasting), various physical indicators of the rock are determined. Various physical indicators of the rock include hardness coefficient f and maximum bearing stress of the rock.

[0065] Step S200, determining specific blasting parameters according to the rock formation properties, the specific blasting parameters including line charge density, the multiplier of line charge density increase in the enhanced charge section, the multiplier of line charge density increase in the weakened charge section, and the multiplier of line charge density increase in the normal charge section.

[0066] According to the rock formation properties, the specific blasting parameters are determined. Among them, the specific blasting parameters include the charge density q 线 , Strengthen the charging section line charging density and increase the doubling factor K 强 , weaken the charge section line charge density increase multiple K 弱 The charge density of the normal charge section increases by a factor of K 弱 wait.

[0067] Step S300, calculating various pre-splitting blasting parameters according to specific blasting parameters, wherein the pre-splitting blasting parameters include the number of bundles of the strengthening section, the number of bundles of the normal section, the number of bundles of the normal section, the number of charge rolls of the strengthening section, the number of charge rolls of the normal section and the number of charge rolls of the weakening section.

[0068] According to the specific blasting parameters, various pre-splitting blasting parameters are calculated. Among them, the pre-splitting blasting parameters include the number of reinforcement bundles S 强、Normal segment bundle number S 常 、Normal segment bundle number S 弱 、Number of medicine rolls in the strengthening section 强 、Number of normal section medicine rolls 常 and the number of attenuation section pills N 弱 , actual dosage Q, etc.

[0069] Step S400, according to the pre-splitting blasting parameters, a gun stick is made, and the gun stick is used to charge the blasthole at the pre-splitting blasting site. The gun stick is provided with a strengthening section, a normal section and a weakening section. The normal section is provided with a normal section interval, and the weakening section is provided with a weakening section interval.

[0070] Prepare explosives, make "shot signs" and design and implement construction: cut the emulsion explosives in advance, print important pre-splitting blasting parameters on the "shot signs". Use the "shot signs" on site as a reference for charging. Figure 2 As shown, the role of the "gun stick" is to guide the charging of blastholes at the pre-splitting blasting site. The gun stick is provided with a reinforcement section, a normal section and a weakening section. The normal section is provided with a normal section interval, and the weakening section is provided with a weakening section interval.

[0071] In order to enhance the pre-splitting blasting effect of open-pit mines, realize the refined charging of the strengthening section, normal section and weakening section, simplify the pre-splitting blasting design calculation method, and improve the working efficiency, this embodiment provides a refined design method for the pre-splitting blasting charge structure. In this embodiment, several important pre-splitting blasting parameters are defined, including the number of bundles and rolls of the strengthening section, the number of bundles and rolls of the normal section, and the number of bundles and rolls of the normal section. Different from the past, these newly defined pre-splitting blasting parameters enhance the refinement of the design stage, improve the accuracy of the charge weight, and reasonably optimize the blasting effect according to the rock properties. First, by exploring the rock formation properties at the specific location of the on-site pre-splitting blasting, the charge amount and interval length of the strengthening, normal and weakening sections are designed according to the hardness of the rock formation; based on this, facing the details of the calculation of the charge amount of the pre-splitting hole, the calculation of the defined parameters is carried out, and the literature is searched to determine the rock formation hardness f and the line charge density q according to the rock type. 线 According to the linear relationship between the actual amount of explosives and related parameters, the intervals are forcibly rounded off for the number of bundles in the reinforced, normal and normal sections to avoid errors caused by inaccurate cutting of emulsion explosives in actual construction, which affects the blasting effect. In the implementation stage, a new type of auxiliary blasting sign identification is introduced at the blasting construction site. The pre-splitting blasting design information is reflected on the blasting sign in the most concise and easy-to-understand way to facilitate construction. Therefore, this new type of pre-splitting blasting design method and the calculation method of pre-splitting parameters are suitable for current open-pit mine blasting with high accuracy and implementation effect.

[0072] Furthermore, the present embodiment provides a refined design method for a pre-splitting blasting charge structure, wherein step S100 comprises:

[0073] Step S110, determining the pre-crack hole diameter according to the hole network parameters.

[0074] In the design stage, the pre-crack hole diameter d is first determined according to the hole network parameters.

[0075] Step S120, according to the pre-splitting hole diameter, obtaining the pre-splitting hole spacing, blocking length, normal interval length, weakened interval length, strengthened interval length and pre-splitting hole depth.

[0076] According to the pre-splitting hole diameter d, obtain the pre-splitting hole distance a 预 , blocking length l 堵 , normal interval length l 常 , weakening interval length l 弱 , Strengthen the interval length l 强 and pre-crack hole depth H i-j .

[0077] Hole distance: a 预 =(8~12)d, d is the diameter of the pre-crack hole, and a smaller hole spacing can achieve better results.

[0078] Blockage length: l 堵 =(12-20)d, d is the diameter of the pre-crack hole.

[0079] Pre-crack hole depth: H i-j (i is the row number, j is the jth hole).

[0080] Step S130, determining various physical indicators of the rock according to the pre-splitting hole spacing, blocking length, normal interval length, weakening interval length, strengthening interval length and pre-splitting hole depth.

[0081] According to the obtained pre-splitting hole spacing d and blocking length l 堵 , normal interval length l 常 , weakening interval length l 弱 , Strengthen the interval length l 强 and pre-crack hole depth H i-j , determine the various physical indicators of rocks. Figure 3 As shown in the table, the hardness coefficient f and the maximum bearing stress σ of the rock are obtained by looking up the rock properties. 压 .

[0082] Preferably, in the refined design method for the pre-splitting blasting charge structure provided in this embodiment, in step S110, the pre-splitting hole spacing is:

[0083] a 预 =(8~12)d(1)

[0084] In formula (1), a 预 is the pre-splitting hole distance, and d is the pre-splitting hole diameter.

[0085] Furthermore, in the refined design method for the pre-splitting blasting charge structure provided in this embodiment, in step S200, the line charge density is obtained according to the pre-splitting hole spacing, and the line charge density is:

[0086] q 线 =0.042[(8~12)] 0.5 a 预 0.6 (2)

[0087] In formula (2), q 线 is the charge density, a 预 is the pre-splitting hole spacing.

[0088] Preferably, the refined design method for the pre-splitting blasting charge structure provided in this embodiment comprises step S200:

[0089] Step S210: According to the pre-splitting hole depth, the corresponding increase multiples of the charge density of the enhanced charge section line and the increase multiples of the charge density of the weakened charge section line are obtained from a preset pre-splitting blasting charge table.

[0090] like Figure 3 As shown, according to the pre-crack hole depth H i-j , obtain the corresponding enhanced charge section line charge density increase multiple K from the preset pre-splitting blasting charge table 强 And the charge density increase factor K of the weakened charge segment line 弱 .

[0091] Step S220, calculating the increase multiple of the charge density of the normal charge section line according to the increase multiple of the charge density of the enhanced charge section line, the increase multiple of the charge density of the weakened charge section line, the depth of the pre-splitting hole and the plugging length.

[0092] According to the enhanced charging section line charge density increase multiple K 强 , weaken the charge section line charge density increase times K 弱 、Pre-crack hole depth H i-j and the blocking length l 堵 , calculate the increase multiple K of the normal charging section line charge density 常 .

[0093] The increase multiple of the charge density of the normal charge section line is:

[0094] K 常 =H i-j -K 强 -K 弱 -l 堵 (3)

[0095] In formula (3), K 常 H is the multiple of the normal charging section line charge density increase.i-j is the depth of the pre-cracked hole, K 强 To strengthen the charge density of the charge section, K 弱 To reduce the charge density of the charge section line, the multiple is increased. 堵 is the blocking length.

[0096] Further, see Figures 1 to 5 In the refined design method for the pre-splitting blasting charge structure provided in this embodiment, in step S300, the number of bundles of reinforcement sections is obtained according to the length of the reinforcement interval, and the number of bundles of reinforcement sections is:

[0097] S 强 = l 强 / 0.3 (4)

[0098] In formula (4), S 强 is the number of reinforcement bundles, l 强 To strengthen the interval length.

[0099] According to the line charge density, the number of charge rolls in the reinforcement section is obtained. The number of charge rolls in the reinforcement section is:

[0100] N 强 = l 强 ×K 强 ×q 线 (5)

[0101] In formula (5), N 强 To strengthen the number of medicine rolls, K 强 To strengthen the charge density of the charge section, q 线 is the charge density of the wire.

[0102] In general, the length of Φ32 emulsion explosive is 0.3m. According to the multiple of the normal charging section line charge density increase, the normal section bundle number is obtained. The normal section bundle number is:

[0103] S 常 =K 常 / (l 常 +0.3) (6)

[0104] In formula (6), S 常 is the normal segment bundle number, K 常 The normal charging section line charge density is increased by multiples, l 常 Normal interval length.

[0105] According to the line charge density, the normal section charge volume number is obtained. The normal section charge volume number is:

[0106]

[0107] In formula (7), N 常 is the number of normal section medicine rolls, K常 The normal charging section line charge density is increased by multiples, q 线 is the charge density, S 常 This is the normal number of bundles.

[0108] Get the normal segment bundle number, the normal segment bundle number is:

[0109]

[0110] In formula (8), S 弱 is the normal segment bundle number, K 弱 To reduce the charge density of the charge section line, the multiple is increased. 弱 To reduce the interval length.

[0111] According to the charge density, the number of charge rolls in the weakening section is obtained. The number of charge rolls in the weakening section is:

[0112]

[0113] In formula (9), N 弱 K is the number of weakening section rolls. 弱 To reduce the charge density of the charge section line, q 线 is the charge density, S 弱 This is the normal number of bundles.

[0114] According to the number of bundles in the reinforcement section, the number of bundles in the normal section, the number of bundles in the normal section, the number of medicine rolls in the reinforcement section, the number of medicine rolls in the normal section and the number of medicine rolls in the weakening section, the actual amount of medicine is calculated. The actual amount of medicine is:

[0115] Q=(S 强 ·N 强 +S 常 ·N 常 +S 弱 ·N 弱 ) / 0.3 (10)

[0116] In formula (10), Q is the actual drug dosage, S 强 N is the number of reinforcement bundles, 强 To strengthen the number of medicine rolls, S 常 is the normal segment bundle number, N 常 is the number of normal section medicine rolls, S 弱 is the normal segment bundle number, N 弱 To reduce the number of medicine rolls.

[0117] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment proposes a refined design method for the pre-splitting blasting charge structure, regarding the normal interval length l 常 , weakening interval length l 弱 To obtain the value of , use the following method:

[0118] Taking the normal interval as an example, given q 线 , K 常 First, calculate the number of normal segment bundles, S 常 =(q 线 ·K 常 ) / 0.3.

[0119] For S 常 The value of is taken to facilitate construction and rounding, and the reverse is used to find l 常 ,but:

[0120]

[0121] When the actual amount of pre-splitting blasting emulsion explosive is finally obtained, all pre-splitting charge parameters have been calculated, among which the burden area is calculated according to the formula S = (H i-j -h)·a 预 The result is obtained. This parameter is not used in actual construction and will not be elaborated. The weakening emulsion explosive that cannot be rounded is cut in advance and printed as shown in the "Bomb Score Example" style to reflect the important pre-splitting blasting charge parameters for easy construction. When calculating, use Excel to calculate each hole in batches, such as Figure 3 As shown; when using Excel spreadsheet for calculation, import the relevant information of each hole into the spreadsheet and use the default batch calculation rules in Excel. The content of the calculation software programming process is not described here.

[0122] Design and implementation application:

[0123] After calculating various pre-splitting blasting parameters, use CAD to design such as " Figure 2 "The gun sign shown in the figure, where each small single grid is a φ32 emulsion explosive, and the interval lengths of the reinforcement section, normal section and weakening section are annotated. The gun sign corresponding to each hole is printed out for construction. Before construction, a ruler is issued to each worker, and the interval lengths of each section are marked on the ruler in advance, so as to facilitate the spacing of the reinforcement section, normal section and weakening section before the emulsion explosive is drilled in the hole during actual construction.

[0124] This embodiment provides a refined design method for the pre-splitting blasting charge structure, which determines various physical indicators of the rock by exploring the rock formation properties at the pre-splitting blasting site; determines specific blasting parameters based on the rock formation properties; calculates various pre-splitting blasting parameters based on the specific blasting parameters; and makes a gun pick based on the pre-splitting blasting parameters, so that the gun pick can be used to charge the blasthole at the pre-splitting blasting site. Compared with the prior art, the refined design method for the pre-splitting blasting charge structure provided by this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0125] 1. The charge calculation method effectively solves the problem of errors in charge mixing during blasting construction, and more accurately enables the energy of explosives to be more fully exerted in the rock mass, thereby enhancing the blasting quality and the blasting effect.

[0126] 2. It is faster with high accuracy, which improves the work efficiency in the design stage.

[0127] 3. During the design stage, the "blasting sticks" made according to the calculated important pre-splitting blasting parameters are more convenient for construction implementation, achieve the effect of precise drug distribution, and effectively improve the actual operation efficiency on site.

[0128] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A refined design method for pre-splitting blasting charge structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Conducting exploration of rock formation properties at the pre-splitting blasting site to determine various physical indicators of the rock, including hardness coefficient and maximum bearing stress of the rock; Determine specific blasting parameters according to the rock formation properties, the specific blasting parameters include line charge density, a multiple of line charge density increase in a reinforced charge section, a multiple of line charge density increase in a weakened charge section, and a multiple of line charge density increase in a normal charge section; Calculate various pre-splitting blasting parameters according to the specific blasting parameters, wherein the pre-splitting blasting parameters include the number of bundles of the strengthening section, the number of bundles of the normal section, the number of bundles of the normal section, the number of charge rolls of the strengthening section, the number of charge rolls of the normal section, and the number of charge rolls of the weakening section; According to the pre-splitting blasting parameters, a gun stick is made to charge the blastholes at the pre-splitting blasting site. The gun stick is provided with a strengthening section, a normal section and a weakening section. The normal section is provided with a normal section interval, and the weakening section is provided with a weakening section interval.

2. The refined design method for pre-splitting blasting charge structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps of exploring the rock formation properties at the pre-splitting blasting site and determining various physical indicators of the rock include: According to the hole network parameters, the aperture of the pre-crack hole is determined; According to the pre-splitting hole diameter, obtaining the pre-splitting hole distance, blocking length, normal interval length, weakened interval length, strengthened interval length and pre-splitting hole depth; Various physical indicators of rock are determined according to the pre-splitting hole spacing, the blocking length, the normal interval length, the weakening interval length, the strengthening interval length and the pre-splitting hole depth.

3. The refined design method for pre-splitting blasting charge structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In the step of obtaining the pre-splitting hole spacing according to the pre-splitting hole diameter, the pre-splitting hole spacing is: a 预 =(8~12)d Among them, a 预 is the pre-splitting hole distance, and d is the pre-splitting hole diameter.

4. The refined design method for pre-splitting blasting charge structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the step of determining specific blasting parameters according to the rock formation properties, the line charge density is obtained according to the pre-splitting hole spacing, and the line charge density is: q 线 =0.042[(8~12)] 0.5 a 预 0.6 Among them, q 线 is the charge density, a 预 is the pre-splitting hole spacing.

5. The refined design method for pre-splitting blasting charge structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: According to the rock formation properties, the steps of determining specific blasting parameters include: According to the pre-splitting hole depth, the corresponding increase multiple of the charge density of the enhanced charge section line and the increase multiple of the charge density of the weakened charge section line are obtained from a preset pre-splitting blasting charge table; The multiple of increase in charge density of the normal charge section line is calculated according to the multiple of increase in charge density of the enhanced charge section line, the multiple of increase in charge density of the weakened charge section line, the depth of the pre-splitting hole and the blocking length.

6. The refined design method for pre-splitting blasting charge structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step of calculating the increase multiple of the charge density of the normal charge section line according to the increase multiple of the charge density of the enhanced charge section line, the increase multiple of the charge density of the weakened charge section line, the depth of the pre-crack hole and the plugging length, the increase multiple of the charge density of the normal charge section line is: K 常 =Hi -j -K 强 -K 弱 -l 堵 Among them, K 常 H is the multiple of the normal charging section line charge density increase. i-j is the depth of the pre-cracked hole, K 强 To strengthen the charge density of the charge section, K 弱 To reduce the charge density of the charge section line, the multiple is increased. 堵 is the blocking length.

7. The refined design method for pre-splitting blasting charge structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step of calculating various pre-splitting blasting parameters according to the specific blasting parameters, the number of bundles of reinforcement sections is obtained according to the length of the reinforcement interval, and the number of bundles of reinforcement sections is: S 强 ＝l 强 / 0.3 Among them, S 强 is the number of reinforcement bundles, l 强 To strengthen the interval length; According to the line charge density, the number of drug rolls in the reinforcement section is obtained, and the number of drug rolls in the reinforcement section is: N 强 l 强 ×K 强 ×q 线 Among them, N 强 To strengthen the number of medicine rolls, K 强 To strengthen the charge density of the charge section, q 线 is the charge density of the wire.

8. The refined design method for pre-splitting blasting charge structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step of calculating various pre-splitting blasting parameters according to the specific blasting parameters, the normal section bundle number is obtained according to the multiple increase of the charge density of the normal charge section line, and the normal section bundle number is: S 常 =K 常 / (l 常 +0.3) Among them, S 常 is the normal segment bundle number, K 常 The normal charging section line charge density is increased by multiples, l 常 is the normal interval length; According to the wire charge density, the number of normal section charge rolls is obtained, and the number of normal section charge rolls is: Among them, N 常 is the number of normal section medicine rolls, K 常 The normal charging section line charge density is increased by multiples, q 线 is the charge density, S 常 This is the normal number of bundles.

9. The refined design method for pre-splitting blasting charge structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step of calculating various pre-splitting blasting parameters according to the specific blasting parameters, the normal section bundle number is obtained according to the multiple increase of the charge density of the weakened charge section line, and the normal section bundle number is: Among them, S 弱 is the normal segment bundle number, K 弱 To reduce the charge density of the charge section line, the multiple is increased. 弱 To reduce the interval length; According to the wire charge density, the number of medicine rolls in the weakening section is obtained, and the number of medicine rolls in the weakening section is: Among them, N 弱 K is the number of weakening section rolls, 弱 To reduce the charge density increase multiple, q 线 is the charge density, S 弱 This is the normal number of bundles.

10. The refined design method for pre-splitting blasting charge structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The various pre-splitting blasting parameters also include actual charge amount. In the step of calculating various pre-splitting blasting parameters according to the specific blasting parameters, the actual charge amount is calculated according to the number of bundles of the reinforcement section, the number of bundles of the normal section, the number of bundles of the normal section, the number of charge rolls of the reinforcement section, the number of charge rolls of the normal section and the number of charge rolls of the weakening section. The actual charge amount is: Q=(S 强 ·N 强 +S 常 ·N 常 +S 弱 ·N 弱 ) / 0.3 Among them, Q is the actual dosage, S 强 N is the number of reinforcement bundles, 强 To strengthen the number of medicine rolls, S 常 is the normal segment bundle number, N 常 is the number of normal section medicine rolls, S 弱 is the normal segment bundle number, N 弱 To reduce the number of medicine rolls.

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