Rock soil sampling device, TBM sampling system and sampling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock-soil sampling device, a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) sampling system and a sampling method. The rock-soil sampling device comprises a tunneling module and a clamping module, the tunneling module is used for rotary excavating and separating a sampling column from rock soil; the clamping module is arranged on the tunneling module in a penetrating mode and can slide along the tunneling module in a reciprocating mode so as to grab and move the sampling column. The TBM sampling system comprises the rock soil sampling device. The sampling method is based on the TBM sampling system. The tunneling module has a tunneling function, so that the rock-soil sampling device can meet the actual requirement of continuous tunneling, shutdown of tunneling equipment is avoided, and the working efficiency is effectively guaranteed. The tunneling module can separate a sampling column, rock soil and the sampling column are separated, the problem of incomplete sample separation is solved, and high quality and reliability of samples are ensured. The rock-soil sampling device can quickly complete drilling, clamping and transferring of samples, meets the requirement of efficient sampling in the continuous tunneling process of the tunnel boring machine, and greatly improves the engineering efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil sampling, and in particular to a rock and soil sampling device, a TBM sampling system and a sampling method. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread application of tunnel boring machines (TBMs), rock sampling technology plays an important role in geological exploration and construction monitoring. Existing TBM rock sampling devices mostly set sampling components on the cutterhead, use drilling tools to cut the rock, and clamp the samples into a collection box for subsequent analysis. These devices usually need to meet the dual needs of tunneling operations and sample collection at the same time, so higher requirements are placed on the compactness, reliability and efficiency of their structural design.

[0003] However, existing sampling devices usually have the following problems: first, the sample is easily not separated from the parent rock during the sampling process, which affects the integrity of the sample; second, the efficiency of sample clamping and transfer is low, which affects the subsequent sampling work; in addition, the existing technology makes it difficult for the tunnel boring machine to complete the efficient sampling of rock samples while continuously excavating, which makes the sampling device unable to adapt to the actual needs of continuous excavation, resulting in limited work efficiency and unable to meet the engineering requirements under complex geological conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing sampling devices have various defects, and the purpose is to provide a rock and soil sampling device, a TBM sampling system and a sampling method to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a rock sampling device, comprising a tunneling module and a gripping module;

[0007] The tunneling module is used to dig and separate the sampling column from the rock and soil;

[0008] The gripping module is arranged on the excavation module and can slide back and forth along the excavation module to grasp and move the sampling column.

[0009] In one possible design, the tunneling module includes a base barrel, a drill bit and a drive member;

[0010] The base tube has two opposite and open ends, one end of which is connected to the drill bit and the other end is connected to the clamping module;

[0011] The drill bit is constructed as an opening and closing drill bit, so that the drill bit has an opening drilling position and a closing pinching position. Accordingly, when the drill bit is in the drilling position, the excavation module excavates the rock and soil and forms a sampling column located in the base cylinder; when the drill bit is in the pinching position, the excavation module cuts off the sampling column to separate the rock and soil from the sampling column.

[0012] The driving member is arranged in the base barrel and is used for driving the drill bit to work.

[0013] In a possible design, the base cylinder includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder which are coaxially arranged;

[0014] The two ends of the outer tube are connected to the drill bit and the clamping module respectively

[0015] An installation gap is formed between the outer periphery of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the driving member is arranged in the installation gap; the inner periphery of the inner cylinder is configured as a placement hole for placing the sampling column.

[0016] In one possible design, the drill bit includes a crushing barrel and a number of blades;

[0017] The crushing cylinder is used to connect the base cylinder and the blade, and the outer peripheral surface of the crushing cylinder is conical and provided with crushing teeth;

[0018] Each blade is rotatably connected to the crushing cylinder, and a number of blades are evenly distributed around the crushing cylinder;

[0019] Correspondingly, when several blades are separated from each other, the drill bit is in the drilling position, and the end of the base cylinder is open, so that part of the rock and soil enter the base cylinder and form a sampling column; when several blades are closed together, the drill bit is in the pinching position to cut off the sampling column and separate the rock and soil from the sampling column;

[0020] When the drill bit is in the pinch-off position, several blades are closed and form a pinch-off hole. Accordingly, the end of the base tube is connected to the outside through the pinch-off hole, and the end of the clamping module extends to the pinch-off hole and closes the pinch-off hole.

[0021] In a possible design, the clamping module includes a discharge barrel, a clamping rod and a shielding and cleaning member connected in sequence;

[0022] The discharge barrel is connected to the base barrel of the tunneling module, and is provided with an opening for discharging the sampling column and flushing;

[0023] One end of the clamping rod is inserted into the discharge barrel and can slide back and forth along the discharge barrel, and the other end of the clamping rod extends into the base barrel of the excavation module. Accordingly, the clamping rod is used to clamp and move the sampling column so that the sampling column moves from the excavation module to the opening of the discharge barrel;

[0024] The shielding and cleaning member is arranged at the end of the clamping rod, and is used to shield or clean the base cylinder of the excavation module; accordingly, when the clamping rod extends to the clamping hole of the base cylinder, the shielding and cleaning member is used to close the clamping hole.

[0025] In a possible design, the discharge cylinder is connected to the first flushing assembly and the collection box through an opening;

[0026] The shielding cleaning part comprises a sleeve which is covered at the end of the clamping rod and a partition located at the end of the sleeve, the sleeve is connected with a second flushing assembly, and the partition is used to close the clamping hole of the base tube.

[0027] In one possible design, the gripper bar includes a base, a base bar, a manipulator and a control member;

[0028] The base has two opposite side surfaces, one of which is connected to a base rod which is inserted into the discharge barrel, and the other is connected to a shielding and cleaning member.

[0029] The manipulator and the control element are both arranged on the side of the base and located in the sleeve, and the partition is provided with a gripping opening adapted to the manipulator;

[0030] Correspondingly, the control component is used to control the opening and closing of the clamping port, and the manipulator is used to pass through the clamping port and clamp the sampling column.

[0031] In one possible design, the control member includes an intermediate rod, a peripheral rod, and a baffle;

[0032] The middle rod is constructed as a rotating telescopic rod located in the middle of the base;

[0033] A plurality of peripheral rods are provided and are evenly distributed on the side of the base with the middle rod as the center. Accordingly, the peripheral rod is constructed as a telescopic rod with two ends respectively connected to the base and the partition, and an installation space for installing the manipulator is formed between the middle rod and the peripheral rod;

[0034] The baffle is connected to the middle rod and abuts against the partition. Accordingly, the middle rod is used to drive the baffle to rotate and control the opening and closing of the partition clamping port.

[0035] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a TBM sampling system, comprising a TBM cutterhead and the rock and soil sampling device, wherein the rock and soil sampling device is provided in the middle of the TBM cutterhead, and the rock and soil sampling device extends to the front of the TBM cutterhead and is used for rock and soil sampling.

[0036] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a sampling method based on the TBM sampling system, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S10: The TBM cutterhead starts to excavate the rock and soil;

[0038] S20: The clamping rod moves toward the discharge barrel and empties the inner barrel of the base barrel; the drill bit switches to the drilling position so that the TBM cutter head and the drill bit rotate synchronously to drill and sample the rock and soil;

[0039] S30: the drill bit is switched to the pinch-off position, and a plurality of blades are closed together to cut off the sampling column;

[0040] S40: The clamping rod moves to the inner cylinder, and the middle rod drives the baffle to rotate and open the clamping port; the manipulator passes through the clamping port and clamps the sampling column;

[0041] S50: the clamping rod moves toward the discharge barrel until the sampling column moves to the opening of the discharge barrel; the manipulator is released to allow the sampling column to enter the collection box;

[0042] S60: The first flushing component and the second flushing component are started and perform a cleaning operation; each component is reset;

[0043] S70: Repeat S20-S60 to complete the next sampling.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0045] The tunneling module has a tunneling function to perform tunneling operations on rock and soil, so that the rock and soil sampling device can adapt to the actual needs of continuous tunneling, avoid downtime of tunneling equipment such as tunneling machines, and effectively ensure work efficiency. The tunneling module can separate the sampling column while tunneling. The tunneling module has the function of separating rock and soil from the sampling column, solving the problem of incomplete sample separation and ensuring the high quality and reliability of the sample.

[0046] Through the cooperation between the excavation module and the clamping module, the rock and soil sampling device can quickly complete the drilling, clamping and transfer of samples, thereby meeting the needs of efficient sampling during the continuous excavation of the tunnel boring machine, greatly improving engineering efficiency, and adapting to construction requirements under complex geological conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0048] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rock and soil sampling device.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunneling module when the drill bit is in the pinch-off position.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunneling module when the drill bit is in the drilling position.

[0051] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base tube and the drill bit.

[0052] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping module.

[0053] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure.

[0054] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a TBM sampling system.

[0055] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0056] 100. Excavation module; 200. Gripping module; 300. TBM cutterhead; 1. Base cylinder; 11. Outer cylinder; 12. Inner cylinder; 2. Drill bit; 21. Crushing cylinder; 22. Blade; 3. Discharging cylinder; 4. Gripping rod; 41. Base; 42. Base rod; 43. Manipulator; 44. Middle rod; 45. Outer rod; 46. Baffle; 5. Shielding and cleaning parts; 51. Sleeve; 52. Partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0058] In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details are not necessarily employed to practice the present invention. In other embodiments, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods are not specifically described.

[0059] Throughout the specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or sub-combination. In addition, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0060] In the description of the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “up”, “down”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “high”, “low”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] Embodiment 1:

[0062] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a rock and soil sampling device includes a tunneling module 100 and a clamping module 200;

[0063] The excavation module 100 is used for rotary excavation and separation of sampling columns from rock and soil;

[0064] The gripping module 200 is disposed on the excavation module 100 and can slide back and forth along the excavation module 100 to grasp and move the sampling column.

[0065] In the rock and soil sampling device, the excavation module 100 has an excavation function to perform excavation operations on rock and soil, so that the rock and soil sampling device can adapt to the actual needs of continuous excavation, avoid downtime of excavation equipment such as excavators, and effectively ensure the efficiency of the work. The excavation module 100 can separate the sampling column while excavating, and the sampling column is the sample taken. The excavation module 100 has the function of separating rock and soil from the sampling column, which solves the problem of incomplete sample separation and ensures the high quality and reliability of the sample.

[0066] After the excavation module 100 takes samples, the sampling column is temporarily stored in the excavation module 100. At this time, the sampling column is moved by the clamping module 200 to achieve the clamping and transfer of the sample, that is, the sampling operation of the sample is completed. During the sample transfer process, the excavation equipment controls the excavation speed and uses the time difference between excavation and sampling to achieve seamless connection between the two, ensuring that the excavation equipment remains connected to the excavation operation and avoiding downtime of excavation equipment such as the excavator. Based on this, the rock and soil sampling device can quickly complete the drilling, clamping and transfer of samples, thereby meeting the needs of efficient sampling during the continuous excavation of the tunnel boring machine, greatly improving engineering efficiency, and adapting to construction requirements under complex geological conditions.

[0067] The following is a further description of the tunneling module 100 in combination with the structure of the tunneling module 100. Specifically:

[0068] In a possible implementation, the tunneling module 100 includes a base barrel 1, a drill bit 2 and a driving member;

[0069] The base tube 1 has two opposite and open ends, one end of which is connected to the drill bit 2 and the other end is connected to the clamping module 200;

[0070] The drill bit 2 is constructed as an opening and closing drill bit, so that the drill bit 2 has an opening drilling position and a closing pinching position. Accordingly, when the drill bit 2 is in the drilling position, the excavation module 100 excavates the rock and soil and forms a sampling column located in the base cylinder 1; when the drill bit 2 is in the pinching position, the excavation module 100 cuts off the sampling column to separate the rock and soil from the sampling column.

[0071] The driving member is arranged in the base cylinder 1 and is used to drive the drill bit 2 to work.

[0072] Based on the above design scheme, the base barrel 1 has a certain length so as to extend to the front of the tunneling equipment to form advanced excavation and obtain the sampling column; at the same time, the base barrel 1 has a storage function, that is, the sampling column can be temporarily stored in the base barrel 1. On the other hand, various impurities that enter the base barrel 1 during the sampling process, such as rock fragments, soil particles, etc., are concentrated in the base barrel 1 to avoid entering other components and affecting the operation of other components.

[0073] The drill bit 2 is used to realize the excavation operation, so that the excavation module 100 can move synchronously with the excavation equipment. At the same time, the drill bit 2 is constructed as an opening and closing drill bit with a drilling position and a pinching position. Specifically, when the drill bit 2 is in the unfolded drilling position, the base barrel 1 is connected to the outside world, and the rock and soil facing the base barrel 1 can enter the base barrel 1 and form a sampling column, and the remaining rock and soil are crushed. When the length of the sampling column reaches the required length, one end of the sampling column is connected to the unbroken rock and soil. At this time, the drill bit 2 switches to the closed pinching position, thereby pinching off the sampling column, realizing the separation of the rock and soil from the sampling column, and solving the problem of incomplete sample separation.

[0074] For the operation of the drill bit 2, power is provided by a driving member and specific control is achieved, such as controlling the angle, closing speed and other parameters of the drill bit 2, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of excavation during the excavation process and achieving efficient separation and pinching of rock samples during the sampling process.

[0075] Alternatively, if Figure 4 As shown, the base cylinder 1 includes an outer cylinder 11 and an inner cylinder 12 which are coaxially arranged;

[0076] The two ends of the outer cylinder 11 are connected to the drill bit 2 and the clamping module 200 respectively.

[0077] An installation gap is formed between the outer periphery of the inner cylinder 12 and the outer cylinder 11, and the driving member is arranged in the installation gap; the inner periphery of the inner cylinder 12 is configured as a placement hole for placing the sampling column.

[0078] Based on the above design, in the tunneling module 100, the driving member is arranged in the base cylinder 1. In order to prevent the intruding impurities from affecting the operation of the driving member, the base cylinder 1 is provided with a coaxial outer cylinder 11 and an inner cylinder 12, and the driving member is located between the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 12. It is easy to understand that a separation structure is provided at one end of the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 12 near the drill bit 2 to prevent impurities from intruding into the installation gap; in addition, the separation structure can be constructed as any suitable existing structure.

[0079] It is worth noting that the driving member can be any suitable existing component including a hydraulic driving structure, which has a wide range of choices, is adaptable to rock and soil of different properties, and has good practicality.

[0080] In addition, the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 12 form a double-layer structure, and the outer cylinder 11 is used for excavation and separates the rock and soil from the inner cylinder 12, thereby protecting the inner cylinder 12. Based on this, the outer cylinder 11 is made of a material with better performance, and the inner cylinder 12 can be made of a material with slightly worse performance to reduce the use cost.

[0081] Alternatively, if Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the drill bit 2 includes a crushing barrel 21 and a plurality of blades 22;

[0082] The crushing barrel 21 is used to connect the base barrel 1 and the blade 22. The outer peripheral surface of the crushing barrel 21 is conical and provided with crushing teeth.

[0083] Each blade 22 is rotatably connected to the crushing cylinder 21, and a plurality of blades 22 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the crushing cylinder 21;

[0084] Correspondingly, when the plurality of blades 22 are separated from each other, the drill bit 2 is in the drilling position, and the end of the base cylinder 1 is open, so that part of the rock and soil enter the base cylinder 1 and form a sampling column; when the plurality of blades 22 are closed together, the drill bit 2 is in the pinching position, so as to cut off the sampling column and separate the rock and soil from the sampling column;

[0085] When the drill bit 2 is in the pinch-off position, a plurality of blades 22 are closed and enclose a pinch-off hole. Accordingly, the end of the base tube 1 is connected to the outside through the pinch-off hole, and the end of the clamping module 200 extends to the pinch-off hole and closes the pinch-off hole.

[0086] Based on the above design, the crushing barrel 21 crushes the rock and soil through the crushing teeth to achieve excavation, and in the crushing barrel 21, at least the outer peripheral surface is configured as a cone to increase the effect and efficiency of the excavation operation. The blade 22 is rotatably connected to the crushing barrel 21, and the blade 22 can be rotated under the drive of the driving member to control the angle of the blade 22 to ensure the efficiency and integrity of the excavation, separation and other operations.

[0087] It is worth noting that when the plurality of blades 22 rotate in unison, the plurality of blades 22 are opened or closed in unison, and the driving member is used to precisely control the angle change of the blades 22, so that the blades 22 approach and cut the connection surface between the sample and the rock and soil, and the sample is easily clamped off and enters the inner tube 12 by gradually reducing the area of ​​the connection surface.

[0088] In addition, if Figure 2 As shown, when the blades 22 are closed together, the distance between the outer end of the blade 22 and the crushing cylinder 21 is reduced, which can push the sampling column to move into the inner cylinder 12 to a certain extent, thereby improving the pinch-off effect. At the same time, the blades 22 are closed to form a pinch-off hole, which, on the one hand, limits the minimum diameter of the sampling column, matches the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 12, and obtains a sampling column of the required size. On the other hand, it prevents the blades 22 from being too small after closing, thereby damaging the end of the sampling column, thereby ensuring the integrity of the sampling.

[0089] It is worth noting that due to the existence of the pinch-off hole, even if the drill bit 2 is in the pinch-off position, impurities generated by the excavation operation may still invade the base tube 1. Figure 1 , use the clamping module 200 to close the clamping hole to avoid the intrusion of impurities as much as possible.

[0090] The clamping module 200 is further described below in combination with the structure of the clamping module 200. Specifically:

[0091] In a possible implementation, the clamping module 200 includes a discharge barrel 3, a clamping rod 4 and a shielding and cleaning member 5 which are connected in sequence;

[0092] The discharge barrel 3 is connected to the base barrel 1 of the excavation module 100, and an opening for discharging the sampling column and flushing is provided on the discharge barrel 3;

[0093] One end of the clamping rod 4 is passed through the discharge barrel 3 and can reciprocate along the discharge barrel 3, and the other end of the clamping rod 4 extends into the base barrel 1 of the excavation module 100. Accordingly, the clamping rod 4 is used to clamp and move the sampling column so that the sampling column moves from the excavation module 100 to the opening of the discharge barrel 3;

[0094] The shielding and cleaning member 5 is arranged at the end of the clamping rod 4, and the shielding and cleaning member 5 is used to shield or clean the base tube 1 of the excavation module 100; accordingly, when the clamping rod 4 extends to the clamping hole of the base tube 1, the shielding and cleaning member 5 is used to close the clamping hole.

[0095] Based on the above design scheme, the discharge barrel 3 is connected to the outer barrel 11 of the base barrel 1 to realize the connection between the excavation module 100 and the clamping module 200; after the excavation module 100 completes sampling, for the sampling column temporarily stored in the inner barrel 12 of the base barrel 1, the discharge barrel 3 is provided with an opening for outputting the sampling column to the outside, so that the staff can obtain the sampling column and the base barrel 1 is emptied for the next sampling.

[0096] The clamping rod 4 is slidably set on the discharge barrel 3, and the discharge barrel 3 is connected and communicated with the base barrel 1. The clamping rod 4 can slide back and forth between the discharge barrel 3 and the base barrel 1. On the one hand, it is used to clamp and move the sampling column to realize the movement of the sampling column. On the other hand, it cooperates with the shielding and cleaning part 5 to close the clamping hole of the base barrel 1, thereby reducing or even avoiding the invasion of impurities.

[0097] The shielding cleaning member 5 is used to expand the cross-sectional area of ​​the end of the clamping rod 4 to improve the blocking effect of the clamping rod 4, and is also used to clean the parts, clean the impurities remaining in the base tube 1, ensure the cleanliness of the device, and avoid the pollution and influence of impurities on the equipment. At the same time, the accumulation of impurities such as rock debris can be avoided through the cleaning operation, the difficulty of equipment cleaning can be reduced, and the stable operation of the device and the smooth progress of subsequent sampling work can be ensured. In addition, the opening of the discharge barrel 3 can also be used to input the cleaning medium to improve the cleaning efficiency and cleaning effect.

[0098] In conjunction with the operation of the excavation module 100, when the drill bit 2 is in the pinch-off position, at this time, the clamping rod 4 moves into the base barrel 1 so that the shielding cleaning part 5 closes the pinch-off hole. Before the drill bit 2 switches to the drilling position, the clamping rod 4 moves in the direction of the discharge barrel 3, the shielding cleaning part 5 is separated from the pinch-off hole, and the space in the base barrel 1 is also vacated, leaving enough space for the sampling column. When the drill bit 2 is in the drilling position, the clamping rod 4 can be kept in the disengaged position. After the drill bit 2 switches to the pinch-off position, the clamping rod 4 moves in the direction of the base barrel 1 and clamps the sampling column; the clamping rod 4 moves in the direction of the discharge barrel 3 again until the sampling column is aligned with the opening of the discharge barrel 3, and the clamping rod 4 releases the sampling column to realize the external transportation of the sampling column; at this time, if sampling is not required, the clamping rod 4 can be reset to the base barrel 1; if sampling is to be taken again, the clamping rod 4 can remain stationary, and the drill bit 2 can be switched to the drilling position.

[0099] Optionally, the discharge barrel 3 is connected to a first flushing assembly and a collection box through an opening;

[0100] The shielding cleaning member 5 comprises a sleeve 51 which is covered at the end of the clamping rod 4 and a partition plate 52 which is located at the end of the sleeve 51 . The sleeve 51 is connected with a second flushing assembly. The partition plate 52 is used to close the clamping hole of the base tube 1 .

[0101] Based on the above design, the first flushing component and the second flushing component cooperate to realize flushing of the device. Generally, after the sampling column enters the collection box, it can be cleaned. The collection box is used to store the sampling column. The collection box can store multiple sampling columns, and a single sampling column is stored independently to avoid mixing and contamination between the sampling columns. The shielding cleaning part 5 is a bellows made of metal, or any other suitable existing pipe.

[0102] It is easy to understand that a control component is provided between the first flushing component and the collection box so that one of them is connected to the opening to ensure the realization of the designed function. Accordingly, the control component, the first flushing component and the second flushing component are respectively selected from any suitable existing components, with a wide range of choices and good practicality.

[0103] In the shielding cleaning member 5, the sleeve 51 is used to connect the clamping rod 4 and the partition 52, and also protects the portion of the clamping rod 4 located in the sleeve 51. The partition 52 is used to shield the clamping hole of the base tube 1, but it hinders the clamping rod 4 from clamping the sampling column, so the relevant structure is improved. Specifically: Optionally, as Figure 6 As shown, the clamping rod 4 includes a base 41, a base rod 42, a manipulator 43 and a control member;

[0104] The base 41 has two opposite side surfaces, one of which is connected to a base rod 42, the base rod 42 is inserted into the discharge barrel 3, and the other side is connected to the shielding and cleaning member 5;

[0105] The manipulator 43 and the control element are both arranged on the side of the base 41 and located in the sleeve 51, and the partition plate 52 is provided with a gripping opening adapted to the manipulator 43;

[0106] Correspondingly, the control member is used to control the opening and closing of the clamping port, and the manipulator 43 is used to pass through the clamping port and clamp the sampling column.

[0107] Based on the above design, the base rod 42 is connected to a driving component, and the driving component drives the base rod 42 to move back and forth to realize the reciprocating movement of the clamping rod 4. It is easy to understand that the driving component can select any suitable driving device, or, preferably, the driving component selects the driving component in the excavation module 100, that is, the output end of the driving component is increased to reduce the number of components.

[0108] Considering the two functions of the clamping module 200, namely clamping the sampling column and sealing the base cylinder 1, a manipulator 43 is provided to realize the clamping function, and a partition 52 is provided to increase the cross-sectional area, so that the sealing area is larger and the sealing effect is better.

[0109] At the same time, the partition 52 also blocks the connection between the manipulator 43 and the sampling column, so a clamping port for the manipulator 43 to pass through is provided on the partition 52. In order to prevent impurities from invading from the clamping port, a control member is also provided to control the opening and closing of the clamping port, that is, when the clamping rod 4 performs a clamping operation, the control member opens the clamping port, and the manipulator 43 can pass through the clamping port and clamp the sampling column; on the contrary, when the clamping rod 4 performs a blocking operation, the control member closes the clamping port to improve the sealing performance of the partition 52.

[0110] Alternatively, if Figure 6 As shown, the control member includes an intermediate rod 44, a peripheral rod 45 and a baffle 46;

[0111] The middle rod 44 is configured as a rotating telescopic rod located in the middle of the base 41;

[0112] A plurality of peripheral rods 45 are provided and are evenly distributed on the side of the base 41 with the middle rod 44 as the center. Accordingly, the peripheral rod 45 is constructed as a telescopic rod with two ends respectively connected to the base 41 and the partition 52, and an installation space for installing the manipulator 43 is formed between the middle rod 44 and the peripheral rod 45;

[0113] The baffle plate 46 is connected to the middle rod 44 and abuts against the partition plate 52 . Accordingly, the middle rod 44 is used to drive the baffle plate 46 to rotate and control the opening and closing of the clamping opening of the partition plate 52 .

[0114] Based on the above design, the middle rod 44 rotates by contraction, and the middle rod 44 drives the baffle 46 to rotate while rotating, so that the baffle 46 is staggered with the clamping opening, and the clamping opening is opened. When the middle rod 44 is extended and retracted, the outer rod 45 is contracted synchronously, and the base 41 and the partition 52 are brought closer to each other, thereby driving the manipulator 43 to pass through the clamping opening, so as to reduce the extra movement of the manipulator 43, reduce the setting of related components, and simplify the structure.

[0115] On the contrary, the middle rod 44 extends and resets and drives the baffle 46 to rotate, so that the baffle 46 blocks the clamping port, the outer rod 45 extends synchronously, the manipulator 43 also disengages from the clamping port and retreats, and the base 41 and the partition 52 move away from each other again, realizing the reset of the control part.

[0116] It is easy to understand that in the prior art, the scheme of realizing rotation by extension includes but is not limited to: the motor converts the rotational motion into linear extension through the screw or gear structure, or the gear is driven to mesh with the toothed plate by rotating the rotating rod to push the hydraulic rod to extend or retract, or any other suitable scheme. Based on this, the intermediate rod 44 can be selected from any suitable existing component. At the same time, the peripheral rod 45 and the manipulator 43 can be selected from any suitable existing components.

[0117] Furthermore, when the baffle 46 blocks the clamping port and the clamping rod 4 moves to one end of the base tube 1 near the drill bit 2, even if the drill bit 2 is in the expanded drilling position, the base tube 1 can be sealed by the clamping rod 4 to reduce impurities invading the base tube 1.

[0118] It is worth noting that in order to improve the reliability of the manipulator 43 in gripping the sampling column, the manipulator 43 is provided with multiple ones to increase the number of gripping points. Similarly, the partition 52 is provided with multiple gripping ports, and the baffle 46 is provided with multiple ones, and the manipulator 43, the gripping ports and the baffle 46 are arranged one by one. For the multiple baffles 46, one end thereof is connected to each other and constitutes a connection for connecting the intermediate rod 44.

[0119] Embodiment 2:

[0120] This embodiment introduces a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) sampling system based on the embodiment 1, wherein Figure 7 As shown, the TBM sampling system includes a TBM cutterhead 300 and the rock and soil sampling device. The rock and soil sampling device is provided in the middle of the TBM cutterhead 300. The rock and soil sampling device extends to the front of the TBM cutterhead 300 and is used for rock and soil sampling.

[0121] Based on this, in the TBM sampling system, the rotation speed and advancement speed of the TBM cutterhead 300 are relatively slow, usually running at a millimeter or centimeter advancement speed, mainly because it is necessary to overcome the huge resistance of the rock formation while ensuring the stability and safety of the excavation. In comparison, the time required for the clamping module 200 in Example 1 to complete a clamping action is very short. Under the action of driving components such as the driving member, the entire process including the movement of the clamping rod 4, the grasping and release of the sample can be completed within a few seconds to more than ten seconds. Therefore, there is a significant time difference between the excavation speed and the clamping action speed, which can basically ensure that before the clamping process is completed, a large amount of impurities such as rock debris will not be generated and enter the inner tube 12 of the base tube 1. In addition, the base tube 1 is closed by the drill bit 2, which further reduces the possibility of impurity intrusion.

[0122] In the TBM sampling system, a through hole is provided in the middle of the TBM cutter head 300 at its center, and the rock and soil sampling device is arranged on the through hole. During the excavation process of the TBM cutter head 300, the rock and soil sampling device also moves and can collect rock and soil samples, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of excavation equipment shutdown and ensuring construction efficiency.

[0123] Based on the TBM sampling system, this embodiment introduces a sampling method based on the TBM sampling system. The sampling method includes the following steps:

[0124] S10: The TBM cutterhead 300 starts and performs excavation operations on rock and soil;

[0125] S20: the clamping rod 4 moves toward the discharge barrel 3 and empties the inner barrel 12 of the base barrel 1; the drill bit 2 switches to the drilling position so that the TBM cutter head 300 and the drill bit 2 rotate synchronously to drill and sample the rock and soil;

[0126] S30: the drill bit 2 switches to the pinching-off position, and the plurality of blades 22 close together and cut off the sampling column;

[0127] S40: The clamping rod 4 moves to the inner cylinder 12, and the middle rod 44 drives the baffle 46 to rotate and open the clamping port; the manipulator 43 passes through the clamping port and clamps the sampling column;

[0128] S50: the clamping rod 4 moves toward the discharge barrel 3 until the sampling column moves to the opening of the discharge barrel 3; the manipulator 43 is released to allow the sampling column to enter the collection box;

[0129] S60: The first flushing component and the second flushing component are started and perform a cleaning operation; each component is reset;

[0130] S70: Repeat S20-S60 to complete the next sampling.

[0131] Among them, in S10, since the rock and soil sampling device is also inserted into the rock and soil, at this time, two major measures are taken, namely, closing the drill bit 2 and sealing the clamping rod 4, and at least the clamping rod 4 is sealed to avoid the intrusion and contamination of impurities.

[0132] S20-S60 is the whole process of sampling, wherein, in S20, the drill bit 2 is unfolded, and the clamping rod 4 moves and releases the blockage of the base tube 1 to ensure that part of the rock and soil enters the inner tube 12 of the base tube 1 to form the required sampling column. In S30, after the length of the sampling column reaches the required length, the sampling column is cut off by closing the drill bit 2, so that the sampling column is separated from the rock and soil, and the closing of the drill bit 2 also blocks the base tube 1 to reduce the intrusion of impurities. In S40, the clamping rod 4 moves and clamps the sampling column. In S50, the clamping rod 4 moves the sampling column so that the sampling column enters the collection box. In S60, the device is restored to cleanliness by cleaning, such as mixing and contamination between the sampling columns.

[0133] Furthermore, the operation of the rock and soil sampling device in S20-S60 has been described in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0134] In S70, multiple sampling is achieved by repeating S20-S60. The specific number of sampling times can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0135] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock and soil sampling device, characterized in that: It comprises a tunneling module (100) and a gripping module (200); The excavation module (100) is used for rotary excavation and separation of sampling columns from rock and soil; The gripping module (200) is disposed on the excavation module (100) and can slide back and forth along the excavation module (100) to grasp and move the sampling column.

2. The rock and soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excavation module (100) comprises a base barrel (1), a drill bit (2) and a driving member; The base tube (1) has two opposite and open ends, one end of which is connected to the drill bit (2) and the other end of which is connected to the clamping module (200); The drill bit (2) is constructed as an opening and closing drill bit, so that the drill bit (2) has an opening drilling position and a closing pinching position. Accordingly, when the drill bit (2) is in the drilling position, the excavation module (100) excavates the rock and soil and forms a sampling column located in the base cylinder (1); when the drill bit (2) is in the pinching position, the excavation module (100) cuts off the sampling column to separate the rock and soil from the sampling column. The driving member is arranged in the base cylinder (1) and is used to drive the drill bit (2) to work.

3. The rock and soil sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base cylinder (1) comprises an outer cylinder (11) and an inner cylinder (12) which are coaxially arranged; The two ends of the outer cylinder (11) are respectively connected to the drill bit (2) and the clamping module (200) An installation gap is formed between the outer periphery of the inner cylinder (12) and the outer cylinder (11), and the driving member is arranged in the installation gap; the inner periphery of the inner cylinder (12) is configured as a placement hole for placing a sampling column.

4. The rock and soil sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drill bit (2) comprises a crushing barrel (21) and a plurality of blades (22); The crushing cylinder (21) is used to connect the base cylinder (1) and the blade (22); the outer peripheral surface of the crushing cylinder (21) is in a conical shape and is provided with crushing teeth; Each blade (22) is rotatably connected to the crushing cylinder (21), and a plurality of blades (22) are evenly distributed in the circumference of the crushing cylinder (21); Correspondingly, when the plurality of blades (22) are separated from each other, the drill bit (2) is in a drilling position, and the end of the base cylinder (1) is open, so that part of the rock and soil enters the base cylinder (1) and forms a sampling column; when the plurality of blades (22) are closed together, the drill bit (2) is in a pinching position, so as to cut off the sampling column and separate the rock and soil from the sampling column; When the drill bit (2) is in the pinch-off position, a plurality of blades (22) are closed together to form a pinch-off hole, and accordingly, the end of the base tube (1) is connected to the outside through the pinch-off hole, and the end of the clamping module (200) extends to the pinch-off hole and closes the pinch-off hole.

5. The rock and soil sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The clamping module (200) comprises a discharge cylinder (3), a clamping rod (4) and a shielding and cleaning component (5) which are connected in sequence; The discharge barrel (3) is connected to the base barrel (1) of the excavation module (100), and an opening for discharging the sampling column and flushing is provided on the discharge barrel (3); One end of the clamping rod (4) is inserted into the discharge barrel (3) and can slide back and forth along the discharge barrel (3), and the other end of the clamping rod (4) extends into the base barrel (1) of the excavation module (100). Accordingly, the clamping rod (4) is used to clamp and move the sampling column so that the sampling column moves from the excavation module (100) to the opening of the discharge barrel (3); The shielding and cleaning member (5) is arranged at the end of the clamping rod (4), and is used to shield or clean the base tube (1) of the excavation module (100); accordingly, when the clamping rod (4) extends to the clamping hole of the base tube (1), the shielding and cleaning member (5) is used to close the clamping hole.

6. The rock and soil sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The discharge cylinder (3) is connected to a first flushing assembly and a collection box through an opening; The shielding cleaning member (5) comprises a sleeve (51) which is covered at the end of the clamping rod (4) and a partition (52) located at the end of the sleeve (51); a second flushing assembly is connected to the sleeve (51); and the partition (52) is used to close the clamping hole of the base tube (1).

7. The rock and soil sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping rod (4) comprises a base (41), a base rod (42), a manipulator (43) and a control component; The base (41) has two opposite side surfaces, one of which is connected to a base rod (42), the base rod (42) is inserted into the discharge barrel (3), and the other side is connected to a shielding and cleaning component (5); The manipulator (43) and the control element are both arranged on the side of the base (41) and located in the sleeve (51), and the partition plate (52) is provided with a gripping opening adapted for the manipulator (43); Correspondingly, the control member is used to control the opening and closing of the clamping port, and the manipulator (43) is used to pass through the clamping port and clamp the sampling column.

8. The rock and soil sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control member includes an intermediate rod (44), an outer rod (45) and a baffle (46); The middle rod (44) is constructed as a rotating telescopic rod located in the middle of the base (41); A plurality of peripheral rods (45) are provided and are evenly distributed on the side of the base (41) with the middle rod (44) as the center. Accordingly, the peripheral rod (45) is constructed as a telescopic rod with two ends respectively connected to the base (41) and the partition (52), and an installation space for installing the manipulator (43) is formed between the middle rod (44) and the peripheral rod (45); The baffle (46) is connected to the middle rod (44) and abuts against the partition (52). Accordingly, the middle rod (44) is used to drive the baffle (46) to rotate and control the opening and closing of the clamping port of the partition (52).

9. A TBM sampling system, characterized in that: It comprises a TBM cutterhead (300) and a geotechnical sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the geotechnical sampling device is provided in the middle of the TBM cutterhead (300), and the geotechnical sampling device extends to the front of the TBM cutterhead (300) and is used for geotechnical sampling.

10. A sampling method based on the TBM sampling system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10: The TBM cutterhead (300) starts and performs excavation operations on the rock and soil; S20: the clamping rod (4) moves toward the discharge cylinder (3) and empties the inner cylinder (12) of the base cylinder (1); the drill bit (2) switches to the drilling position so that the TBM cutterhead (300) and the drill bit (2) rotate synchronously to drill and sample the rock and soil; S30: the drill bit (2) switches to the pinching-off position, and the plurality of blades (22) close together and cut off the sampling column; S40: the clamping rod (4) moves to the inner cylinder (12), and the intermediate rod (44) drives the baffle (46) to rotate and open the clamping opening; The manipulator (43) passes through the clamping port and clamps the sampling column; S50: the clamping rod (4) moves toward the discharge barrel (3) until the sampling column moves to the opening of the discharge barrel (3); the manipulator (43) is released to allow the sampling column to enter the collection box; S60: The first flushing component and the second flushing component are started and perform a cleaning operation; each component is reset; S70: Repeat S20-S60 to complete the next sampling.

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