An automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of surface water sampling, and in particular to an automatic suction sampling device for surface water used in environmental detection, which includes a collection box, a negative pressure pump and a sampling pipe respectively communicated with both ends of the collection box. The lower end of the sampling pipe is connected with a horn pipe, and a filter plate is arranged at the lower end of the horn pipe. A separation plate for separating impurities is arranged on the lower side of the filter plate. A cylindrical cylinder is fixed on the upper side of the filter plate, and a moving and rotating mechanism for driving the separation plate to move and rotate is arranged inside the cylindrical cylinder. Through the action of the moving and rotating mechanism of the present invention, the separation plate is driven to move downward and rotate. When the separation plate moves downward, it is separated from the filter plate, so that the impurities can be separated from the filter plate. When the separation plate rotates, the impurities attached to its lower surface are driven to rotate. Therefore, under the action of centrifugal force, the impurities on the lower surface of the separation plate can be thrown outwards, realizing the separation of impurities and avoiding the blockage of the filter holes of the filter plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surface water sampling, and particularly to an automatic suction sampling device for surface water used for environmental detection. Background Art

[0002] Surface water environmental monitoring is the core means to evaluate ecological health and the effectiveness of pollution control. The accuracy of its sampling data is directly related to the reliability of subsequent analysis. Currently, surface water sampling technologies are mainly divided into three categories: manual sampling, semi-automatic auxiliary equipment, and fully automatic integrated systems.

[0003] After retrieval, a Chinese patent with the publication number CN216847042U discloses a long-distance surface water sampling device, including a water delivery pipe and a water tank. The front end of the water delivery pipe is arranged at the surface water sampling site, the rear end of the water delivery pipe is communicated with the upper part of the water tank, the upper end of the water tank is connected with a negative pressure device through an air flow pipe, the negative pressure device is used to draw the inside of the water tank into a negative pressure space, and a sampling pipe is communicated with the middle of the water tank. A drain pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the water tank, a drain pipe valve is installed on the drain pipe, and a sampling pipe valve is installed on the sampling pipe. A filter cover is arranged at the front end of the water delivery pipe. The water delivery pipe is a glass pipe or a high-density polyethylene pipe, the water tank is a glass or high-density polyethylene water tank, and the outside of the water delivery pipe is wrapped with a pipe protection sleeve.

[0004] Based on the above retrieval and combined with practical problems, it is found that: due to the complex situation of surface water sampling water sources, a large number of waterweeds will grow in some surface water sources. And the surface water sampling device usually needs to collect water samples at the same position at different times. When the suction pipe of the sampling device is fixed at a position in the water source for a long time without moving, waterweeds are easy to attach to the pipe orifice of the suction pipe, resulting in the blockage of the suction pipe and affecting the normal sampling work. Even by setting a filter screen at the pipe orifice of the suction pipe, seaweeds or sediment are still easy to block the filter holes of the filter screen, causing inconvenience to the sampling of water samples. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic suction sampling device for surface water used for environmental detection to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a surface water automatic suction sampling device for environmental detection, including a collection box, a negative pressure pump and a sampling pipe respectively communicated with both ends of the collection box. The lower end of the sampling pipe is connected with a horn pipe, and a filter plate is arranged at the lower end of the horn pipe. A separation plate for separating impurities is arranged on the lower side of the filter plate. A cylindrical cylinder is fixed on the upper side of the filter plate, and a moving and rotating mechanism for driving the separation plate to move and rotate is arranged inside the cylindrical cylinder; the moving and rotating mechanism includes a guide groove column movably inserted into the lower end inside the cylindrical cylinder and penetrating through the filter plate, a first sliding pin rotatably connected to the lower end inside the cylindrical cylinder, and an electric cylinder for driving the guide groove column to move up and down. The lower end of the guide groove column is fixed to the upper side of the separation plate, and a spiral guide groove is arranged on the outer side of the guide groove column. The first sliding pin is movably adapted to the inner side of the spiral guide groove; it also includes an anti-blocking mechanism for preventing the sampling pipe from being blocked; the anti-blocking mechanism includes a spiral anti-blocking pull spring movably arranged through the inside of the sampling pipe and a driving mechanism for driving the anti-blocking pull spring to move axially back and forth.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of vertical grooves arranged in a circular pattern are formed on the inner side wall of the cylindrical cylinder. The upper end of the guide groove column is rotatably connected with a pressing plate, the telescopic end of the electric cylinder is fixed to the upper side of the pressing plate, and a plurality of convex blocks slidably matched with the vertical grooves are arranged on the outer side of the pressing plate.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of water passing grooves arranged in a circular pattern are formed on the surface of the separation plate, and a plurality of straight sliding grooves arranged in a circular pattern are further formed inside the separation plate. One end of each straight sliding groove is slidably inserted with a sliding rod, one end of each sliding rod is fixed with a slider slidably connected to the inner side of the straight sliding groove, and a pushing plate attached to the lower surface of the separation plate is fixed to the outer side of each slider.

[0009] Preferably, one end of each slider is connected with a return spring sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod, and the other end of each return spring is connected to one end of the corresponding straight sliding groove on the inner side.

[0010] Preferably, a bearing is rotatably connected to the outer side of the guide groove column at a position above the separation plate. An outer ring is fixed through a plurality of cross frames on the outer side of the bearing. A plurality of cutting knives arranged in a circular pattern are arranged between the bearing and the outer ring. A guide rod is fixed to the upper side of each cross frame, and each guide rod is slidably inserted into the inside of the filter plate.

[0011] Preferably, each cutting knife is inclined, and the two side blades of each cutting knife are respectively attached to the surfaces of the filter plate and the separation plate.

[0012] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a rotating ring rotatably connected to the upper end of the cylindrical barrel and a connecting column vertically movably arranged at the central position at the upper end of the cylindrical barrel. The lower end of the anti-blocking tension spring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting column. An annular groove with a wavy structure is formed on the inner side of the rotating ring. A plurality of second sliding pins are rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting column, and each second sliding pin is movably adapted to the inner side of the annular groove. A plurality of blades arranged in a circular pattern are fixed to the outer side of the rotating ring, and the plurality of blades drive the rotating ring to rotate under the impact of water flow.

[0013] Preferably, a sliding column with a rectangular cross-section is fixed to the upper end of the cylindrical barrel, and the connecting column is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the sliding column.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of sample storage cavities are formed inside the collection box. The air inlet end of the negative pressure pump is communicated with the plurality of sample storage cavities through a plurality of upper branch pipes respectively. The upper end of the sampling pipe is communicated with the plurality of sample storage cavities through a plurality of lower branch pipes respectively. An electric control valve is installed inside each upper branch pipe, a one-way valve is installed inside each lower branch pipe, and the conduction direction of each one-way valve points to the inner side of the sample storage cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the filter plate is detachably installed inside the lower end of the horn-shaped pipe by means of threads.

[0016] The present invention provides an automatic suction sampling device for surface water used for environmental detection by making improvements. Compared with the prior art, it has the following improvements and advantages:

[0017] First: Through the action of the moving and rotating mechanism of the present invention, the separation plate is driven to move downward and rotate. When the separation plate moves downward, it separates from the filter plate, and impurities can be separated from the filter plate. When the separation plate rotates, the impurities attached to its lower surface are driven to rotate. Therefore, under the action of centrifugal force, the impurities on the lower surface of the separation plate can be thrown outward, realizing the separation of impurities and avoiding the blockage of the filter holes of the filter plate.

[0018] Second: When the separation plate rotates, it drives a plurality of sliders to rotate at the same time. The plurality of sliders have relatively large masses, and when the plurality of sliders rotate, greater centrifugal force will be generated, so that they can slide along the inner sides of the corresponding straight chutes. The plurality of sliders drive a plurality of push plates to disperse and move outward at the same time. The plurality of push plates can slide from the center to the edge along the lower surface of the separation plate, so as to push the impurities attached to the lower surface of the separation plate to the side position of the separation plate, thus facilitating the complete separation of the impurities with greater adhesion force from the separation plate and further improving the separation effect of the impurities.

[0019] Thirdly: In the present invention, multiple guide rods enable the multiple cutting blades to cooperate with the filter plate in an up-and-down movement. When the separation plate moves up and down, it will rotate on its own axis, while the multiple cutting blades do not rotate on their own axes. Therefore, relative rotation will occur between the multiple cutting blades and the separation plate, and the cutting edges of the multiple cutting blades will slide along the surface of the separation plate, so that the aquatic plants wound inside the water channel can be cut off, and the long aquatic plants can be cut into small sections, which is convenient for fully removing the aquatic plant impurities, further ensuring the cleanliness of the surface of the filter plate, and effectively avoiding the blockage of the filter plate and the sampling tube.

[0020] Fourthly: In the present invention, the driving mechanism in the anti-blocking mechanism drives the anti-blocking tension spring to move up and down inside the sampling tube. When the anti-blocking tension spring moves up and down, it can slide along the surfaces at various positions inside the sampling tube, so that impurities can be prevented from adhering to the inner surface of the sampling tube, ensuring the smoothness of the sampling tube and further avoiding the blockage of the sampling tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is of the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged structure schematic diagram at A in;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic diagram inside the horn tube and the cylindrical tube of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a disassembled structure schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structure schematic diagram of the lower surface of the separation plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic diagram of the upper surface of the separation plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a structure schematic diagram of the separated state of multiple push plates of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of multiple cutting tools in the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Collection box; 2. Negative pressure pump; 3. Sampling tube; 4. Horn tube; 5. Filter plate; 7. Separation plate; 8. Water trough; 10. Lower branch pipe; 11. Upper branch pipe; 12. Electric control valve; 13. Check valve; 14. Sample storage chamber; 101. Cylindrical tube; 102. Electric cylinder; 103. Guide groove column; 104. Slide pin 1; 105. Spiral guide groove; 106. Pressure plate; 107. Vertical groove; 201. Straight slide groove; 202. Slide bar; 203. Slide block; 204. Push plate; 205. Return spring; 301. Bearing; 302. Cross frame; 303. Outer ring; 304. Cutting tool; 305. Guide rod; 401. Rotating ring; 402. Connecting column; 403. Anti-blocking tension spring; 404. Blade; 405. Slide pin 2; 406. Annular groove; 407. Slide column. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The present invention will be described in detail below. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] The present invention provides an automatic suction sampling device for surface water for environmental detection by improvement. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0035] As Figures 1 to 9As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a surface water automatic suction sampling device for environmental detection, which includes a collection box 1, a negative pressure pump 2 and a sampling pipe 3 respectively communicated with both ends of the collection box 1. The lower end of the sampling pipe 3 is connected with a horn pipe 4. A filter plate 5 is arranged at the lower end of the horn pipe 4. A separation plate 7 for separating impurities is arranged below the filter plate 5. A cylindrical cylinder 101 is fixed above the filter plate 5. A moving and rotating mechanism for driving the separation plate 7 to move and rotate is arranged inside the cylindrical cylinder 101; The moving and rotating mechanism includes a guide groove column 103 movably inserted into the lower end inside the cylindrical cylinder 101 and penetrating through the filter plate 5, a first sliding pin 104 rotatably connected to the lower end inside the cylindrical cylinder 101, and an electric cylinder 102 for driving the guide groove column 103 to move up and down. The lower end of the guide groove column 103 is fixed to the upper side of the separation plate 7. A spiral guide groove 105 is arranged on the outer side of the guide groove column 103. The first sliding pin 104 is movably adapted to the inner side of the spiral guide groove 105. A plurality of vertical grooves 107 arranged in a circular pattern are arranged on the inner side wall of the cylindrical cylinder 101. The upper end of the guide groove column 103 is rotatably connected with a pressing plate 106. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder 102 is fixed to the upper side of the pressing plate 106. A plurality of convex blocks slidably matched with the vertical grooves 107 are arranged on the outer side of the pressing plate 106; It also includes an anti-blocking mechanism for preventing the sampling pipe 3 from being blocked; The anti-blocking mechanism includes a spiral anti-blocking pull spring 403 movably arranged through the inside of the sampling pipe 3 and a driving mechanism for driving the anti-blocking pull spring 403 to move axially back and forth.

[0036] Further, a plurality of water through grooves 8 arranged in a circular pattern are formed on the surface of the separation plate 7 (as Figure 7 shown), and a plurality of straight sliding grooves 201 arranged in a circular pattern are also formed inside the separation plate 7. One end of each straight sliding groove 201 is slidably inserted with a sliding rod 202. One end of each sliding rod 202 is fixed with a sliding block 203 slidably connected to the inside of the straight sliding groove 201. The outer side of each sliding block 203 is fixed with a push plate 204 attached to the lower surface of the separation plate 7;

[0037] While the separation plate 7 rotates, it drives a plurality of sliding blocks 203 to rotate. The plurality of sliding blocks 203 have a large mass, and greater centrifugal force will be generated when the plurality of sliding blocks 203 rotate, so that they can slide along the inside of the corresponding straight sliding grooves 201. The plurality of sliding blocks 203 respectively drive the plurality of push plates 204 to move outward and disperse at the same time. The plurality of push plates 204 can slide from the center to the edge along the lower surface of the separation plate 7, so as to push the impurities attached to the lower surface of the separation plate 7 to the side position of the separation plate 7, so as to facilitate the complete separation of the impurities with greater adhesion force from the separation plate 7, and further improve the separation effect of the impurities.

[0038] Further, one end of each sliding block 203 is connected with a return spring 205 sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod 202, and the other end of each return spring 205 is connected with one end inside the corresponding straight sliding groove 201;

[0039] When the separation plate 7 stops rotating, the centrifugal force of the multiple sliders 203 drops to zero. At this time, under the action of the multiple return springs 205, the multiple sliders 203 are pushed to move reversely and reset, thereby driving the multiple push plates 204 to close again.

[0040] Furthermore, a bearing 301 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the guide groove column 103 at the upper side position of the separation plate 7. An outer ring 303 is fixed to the outer side of the bearing 301 through multiple cross frames 302. Multiple cutting knives 304 arranged in a circular pattern are provided between the bearing 301 and the outer ring 303. A guide rod 305 is fixed to the upper side of each cross frame 302. Each guide rod 305 is slidably inserted into the interior of the filter plate 5. Each cutting knife 304 is inclined, and the two cutting edges on both sides of each cutting knife 304 are respectively attached to the surfaces of the filter plate 5 and the separation plate 7.

[0041] The multiple cutting knives 304 are vertically movably matched with the filter plate 5 through the multiple guide rods 305. When the separation plate 7 moves up and down, it will generate self-rotation, while the multiple cutting knives 304 do not generate self-rotation. Therefore, relative rotation will occur between the multiple cutting knives 304 and the separation plate 7, and the cutting edges of the multiple cutting knives 304 slide along the surface of the separation plate 7, so that the waterweeds wound inside the water passing groove 8 can be cut off, and the long waterweeds can be cut into small sections, which is convenient for fully removing the waterweed impurities, further ensuring the cleanliness of the surface of the filter plate 5, and effectively preventing the filter plate 5 and the sampling tube 3 from being blocked.

[0042] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a rotating ring 401 rotatably connected to the upper end of the cylindrical barrel 101 and a connecting column 402 vertically movably arranged at the central position at the upper end of the cylindrical barrel 101. The lower end of the anti-blocking tension spring 403 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting column 402. A wave-shaped annular groove 406 is formed in the inner side of the rotating ring 401. Multiple sliding pins two 405 are rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting column 402. Each sliding pin two 405 is movably adapted to the inner side of the annular groove 406. Multiple blades 404 arranged in a circular pattern are fixed to the outer side of the rotating ring 401. The multiple blades 404 drive the rotating ring 401 to rotate under the impact of the water flow. A sliding column 407 with a rectangular cross-section is fixed to the upper end of the cylindrical barrel 101. The connecting column 402 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the sliding column 407.

[0043] The driving mechanism drives the anti-blocking tension spring 403 to move up and down inside the sampling tube 3. When the anti-blocking tension spring 403 moves up and down, it can slide along the surfaces at various positions inside the sampling tube 3, so as to prevent impurities from adhering to the inner surface of the sampling tube 3, ensure the smoothness of the sampling tube 3, and further prevent the sampling tube 3 from being blocked.

[0044] Further, a plurality of sample storage cavities 14 are formed inside the collection box 1. The intake end of the negative pressure pump 2 is communicated with the plurality of sample storage cavities 14 respectively through a plurality of upper branch pipes 11. The upper end of the sampling pipe 3 is communicated with the plurality of sample storage cavities 14 respectively through a plurality of lower branch pipes 10. An electric control valve 12 is installed inside each upper branch pipe 11, and a one-way valve 13 is installed inside each lower branch pipe 10. The conduction direction of each one-way valve 13 points to the inside of the sample storage cavity 14;

[0045] By controlling different electric control valves 12 to open, the water body can be sucked into the inside of different sample storage cavities 14 through the operation of the negative pressure pump 2, so that different water samples can be collected and stored separately.

[0046] Further, the filter plate 5 is detachably installed inside the lower end of the horn pipe 4 by means of threads;

[0047] It is convenient to disassemble the filter plate 5, so as to facilitate the cleaning of the impurities inside the horn pipe 4, ensure the cleanliness of the horn pipe 4, and prevent the impurities in the horn pipe 4 from entering the sampling pipe 3 and causing it to be blocked.

[0048] Working principle: When in use, the collection box 1 is fixed above the surface water. The sampling pipe 3 and the horn pipe 4 are extended below the water surface. When it is necessary to sample the surface water at the same position at different times, control different electric control valves 12 to open, so that a sample storage cavity 14 communicated with this electric control valve 12 is communicated with the intake end of the negative pressure pump 2. At this time, control the negative pressure pump 2 to operate, and the inside of this sample storage cavity 14 can be pumped into a negative pressure state. At this time, the surface water enters the inside of the horn pipe 4 through the water trough 8 on the surface of the separation plate 7 and the filter holes on the surface of the filter plate 5, and then enters the inside of a lower branch pipe 10 communicated with this sample storage cavity 14 through the sampling pipe 3. Since the conduction direction of each one-way valve 13 points to the inside of the sample storage cavity 14, the water sample enters the inside of the negative pressure sample storage cavity 14 through the one-way valve 13 inside this lower branch pipe 10, realizing the collection of the water sample and the collection of the water sample;

[0049] Since the sampling tube 3 and the horn tube 4 of the sampling device need to be placed below the surface of surface water for a long time, in order to prevent the filter holes of the sampling tube 3 and the filter plate 5 from being blocked, it is necessary to regularly control the operation of the electric cylinder 102 in the moving and rotating mechanism, so that the telescopic end of the electric cylinder 102 extends and then retracts. When the telescopic end of the electric cylinder 102 extends, the guide groove column 103 is pushed down by the pressing plate 106, so that the guide groove column 103 extends outward to the outside of the horn tube 4. The guide groove column 103 drives the separation plate 7 to move down at the same time. Under the sliding connection between multiple bumps on the outside of the pressing plate 106 and multiple vertical grooves 107, the pressing plate 106 can move straight down without rotating. The pressing plate 106 pushes the guide groove column 103 down. Through the active adaptation between the spiral guide groove 105 and the first sliding pin 104, when the guide groove column 103 moves down, it can also rotate at the same time. Therefore, when the guide groove column 103 drives the separation plate 7 to move down, it can drive the separation plate 7 to rotate at the same time. When the separation plate 7 moves down, it will separate from the filter plate 5. Since a large amount of impurities adhere to the lower surface of the separation plate 7, when the separation plate 7 moves down, the impurities on its lower surface will be separated from the filter plate 5, preventing the impurities from adhering to the lower surface of the filter plate 5, thereby avoiding the blockage of the filter holes on the filter plate 5. Moreover, when the separation plate 7 moves down, it rotates at the same time, driving the impurities adhered to the lower surface of the separation plate 7 to rotate. When the impurities rotate, they can be more easily separated from the lower surface of the separation plate 7 under the action of centrifugal force, improving the impurity separation effect, effectively avoiding the blockage of the filter holes of the filter plate 5 by impurities, or the entry of impurities into the sampling tube 3 through the filter holes of the filter plate 5, resulting in the blockage of the sampling tube 3;

[0050] When the separation plate 7 rotates, it will drive multiple sliders 203 to rotate. The multiple sliders 203 have a large mass. When the multiple sliders 203 rotate, they will generate a greater centrifugal force, so that they can slide along the inner side of the corresponding straight chute 201, and at the same time compress the corresponding return springs 205. The multiple sliders 203 drive multiple push plates 204 to disperse and move outward at the same time. The multiple push plates 204 can slide along the lower surface of the separation plate 7 from the center to the edge, so as to push the impurities adhering to the lower surface of the separation plate 7 to the side position of the separation plate 7, facilitating the complete separation of the impurities with greater adhesion from the separation plate 7 and further improving the impurity separation effect;

[0051] While the guide groove column 103 drives the separation plate 7 to move downward, it also drives the bearing 301 to move downward. The bearing 301 drives the outer ring 303 to move downward through a plurality of cross frames 302. The outer ring 303 and the bearing 301 drive a plurality of cutting knives 304 to move downward at the same time. Under the sliding adaptation between a plurality of guide rods 305 and the filter plate 5, the bearing 301, the cross frames 302, the outer ring 303, and the cutting knives 304 only move up and down without rotation. While the separation plate 7 moves up and down, it also rotates. Therefore, relative rotation will occur between the plurality of cutting knives 304 and the separation plate 7. The cutting edges of the plurality of cutting knives 304 slide along the surface of the separation plate 7, so that the waterweeds wound inside the water passing groove 8 can be cut off, and the long waterweeds can be cut into small sections, which is convenient for fully removing the waterweed impurities, further ensuring the cleanliness of the surface of the filter plate 5, and effectively avoiding the blockage of the filter plate 5 and the sampling pipe 3;

[0052] When surface water flows into the inner side of the horn pipe 4 at a relatively fast flow rate under the action of pressure, the surface water will impact a plurality of blades 404. When the plurality of blades 404 are impacted by the water flow, they will drive the rotating ring 401 to rotate. The rotating ring 401 drives a plurality of second sliding pins 405 inside to slide along the inner side of the annular groove 406. Since the annular groove 406 is a wavy structure, when the plurality of second sliding pins 405 slide inside the annular groove 406, it can drive the connecting column 402 to axially move up and down. The connecting column 402 drives the anti-blocking tension spring 403 to axially move up and down along the rotating ring 401. Since the rotating ring 401 is coaxial with the sampling pipe 3, the anti-blocking tension spring 403 can move up and down along the inner side of the sampling pipe 3. When the anti-blocking tension spring 403 moves up and down, it can slide along the surfaces of various positions inside the sampling pipe 3, so as to avoid impurities adhering to the inner surface of the sampling pipe 3, ensure the smoothness of the sampling pipe 3, and further avoid the blockage of the sampling pipe 3.

[0053] The above description enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection, comprising a collection box, a negative pressure pump and a sampling tube respectively communicated with both ends of the collection box, characterized in that, The lower end of the sampling tube is connected with a horn tube. A filter plate is arranged at the lower end of the horn tube. A separation plate for separating impurities is arranged on the lower side of the filter plate. A cylindrical tube is fixed on the upper side of the filter plate. A moving and rotating mechanism for driving the separation plate to move and rotate is arranged inside the cylindrical tube. The moving and rotating mechanism includes a guide groove column movably inserted into the lower end inside the cylindrical tube and penetrating through the filter plate, a first sliding pin rotatably connected to the lower end inside the cylindrical tube, and an electric cylinder for driving the guide groove column to move up and down. The lower end of the guide groove column is fixed to the upper side of the separation plate. A spiral guide groove is arranged on the outer side of the guide groove column. The first sliding pin is movably adapted to the inner side of the spiral guide groove. It further includes an anti-blocking mechanism for preventing the sampling tube from being blocked. The anti-blocking mechanism includes a spiral anti-blocking pull spring movably arranged through the inside of the sampling tube and a driving mechanism for driving the anti-blocking pull spring to move axially back and forth. A plurality of water through grooves arranged in a circular pattern are formed on the surface of the separation plate. A plurality of straight sliding grooves arranged in a circular pattern are further formed inside the separation plate. One end of each straight sliding groove is slidably inserted with a sliding rod. One end of each sliding rod is fixed with a slider slidably connected to the inner side of the straight sliding groove. A push plate attached to the lower surface of the separation plate is fixed to the outer side of each slider.

2. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of vertical grooves arranged in a circular pattern are formed on the inner side wall of the cylindrical tube. The upper end of the guide groove column is rotatably connected with a pressing plate. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder is fixed to the upper side of the pressing plate. A plurality of convex blocks slidably matched with the vertical grooves are arranged on the outer side of the pressing plate.

3. The surface water automatic suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of each slider is connected with a return spring sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod. The other end of each return spring is connected to one end of the corresponding straight sliding groove inside.

4. The surface water automatic suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing is rotatably connected to the outer side of the guide groove column at a position above the separation plate. An outer ring is fixed through a plurality of cross frames on the outer side of the bearing. A plurality of cutting knives arranged in a circular pattern are arranged between the bearing and the outer ring. A guide rod is fixed to the upper side of each cross frame. Each guide rod is slidably inserted into the inside of the filter plate.

5. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each cutting knife is inclined. The two side blades of each cutting knife are respectively attached to the surfaces of the filter plate and the separation plate.

6. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a rotating ring rotatably connected to the upper end of the cylindrical tube and a connecting column movably arranged up and down at the center position of the upper end of the cylindrical tube. The lower end of the anti-blocking pull spring is fixed to the upper end of the connecting column. A wave-shaped annular groove is formed on the inner side of the rotating ring. A plurality of second sliding pins are rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting column. Each second sliding pin is movably adapted to the inner side of the annular groove. A plurality of blades arranged in a circular pattern are fixed to the outer side of the rotating ring. The plurality of blades drive the rotating ring to rotate under the impact of water flow.

7. The surface water automatic suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sliding column with a rectangular cross section is fixed to the upper end of the cylindrical tube. The connecting column is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the sliding column.

8. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of sample storage cavities are formed inside the collection box. The air inlet end of the negative pressure pump is communicated with the plurality of sample storage cavities respectively through a plurality of upper branch pipes. The upper end of the sampling tube is communicated with the plurality of sample storage cavities respectively through a plurality of lower branch pipes. An electric control valve is installed inside each upper branch pipe. A one-way valve is installed inside each lower branch pipe. The conduction direction of each one-way valve points to the inside of the sample storage cavity.

9. The automatic surface water suction sampling device for environmental detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter plate is detachably installed inside the lower end of the horn tube through threads.

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