Building land soil organic matter automatic extraction and detection integrated equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to building land soil organic matter automatic extraction and detection integrated equipment which comprises a driving mechanism, a stamping mechanism and a centrifugal mechanism. The driving mechanism is connected with the upper end of the extraction cavity; the stamping mechanism is connected with the driving mechanism; the centrifugal mechanism is connected with the driving mechanism; through the stamping mechanism and the elastic section of the extraction cavity, dynamic pressurization and pressure reduction are conducted on soil and extraction liquid in the extraction cavity in the reciprocating stamping process of the stamping mechanism, the centrifugal mechanism is matched to make the extraction liquid fully permeate into the soil, and the permeation effect between the extraction liquid and the soil is further improved through heat generated by stamping; the problem that the detection result is inaccurate due to the fact that the porosity of the soil mechanically compacted for a long time in the building land is low and the permeation effect of extract liquor in the extraction process is poor is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, and in particular to an integrated device for automatic extraction and detection of organic matter in soil of construction land. Background Art

[0002] The integrated soil organic matter extraction and detection equipment is a device used to extract, separate and detect organic pollutants in the soil. It transfers the target organic matter in the soil from the solid phase to the liquid phase through organic solvents or extraction liquids, and then separates the extraction liquid carrying the organic matter from the soil residue by centrifugation, filtration or adsorption. Finally, chromatography or electrochemical methods are used to perform quantitative or qualitative analysis of the organic matter in the extraction liquid.

[0003] At present, when testing a small amount of soil, the extract and soil are usually shaken after mixing, and the soil's own gravity is used for static extraction. However, this extraction method has a low extraction rate, and the organic pollutants in the soil cannot fully contact the extract, resulting in the inability to effectively transfer the organic pollutants to the extract, which will lead to result deviations in subsequent tests. The existing technology has proposed a good solution to this problem, such as a soil sample extraction device for soil component detection with patent publication number CN220772713U; by setting a stirring device, the soil and the extract are stirred during the extraction process, which enhances the contact efficiency between the extract and the soil particles, effectively shortens the extraction cycle, and ensures that the solid and liquid phases react fully, thereby improving the extraction rate of organic pollutants and the reliability of detection data.

[0004] Although the prior art solves the problem of inaccurate test data caused by insufficient contact between soil and extraction liquid during static extraction, the following problems still exist: when soil extraction testing is performed on construction land that has been demolished and rebuilt, since there are more gravel in the soil of the construction land and the soil of the construction land has been mechanically compacted for a long time, the porosity of the soil will be low, and the organic pollutants in the soil will be wrapped in the micropores, which will cause the penetration of the extraction liquid to be blocked during the extraction process. Only using stirring to increase the contact area between the extraction liquid and the soil still cannot ensure that the extraction liquid can effectively penetrate the micropores of the soil, and the gravel in the soil will cause the extraction liquid to be enriched in the center of the container during the stirring and centrifugal process, while the soil and gravel will accumulate on the outer ring of the container under the action of centrifugal force, thereby reducing the contact area between the extraction liquid and the soil and reducing the contact uniformity, which in turn leads to inaccurate extraction test results for organic pollutants in the soil.

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention designs an integrated equipment for automatic extraction and detection of soil organic matter in construction land. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides an integrated automatic extraction and detection device for soil organic matter in construction land, which solves the problem that the soil porosity of the construction land is low due to long-term mechanical compaction, and the extraction liquid has poor penetration effect during the extraction process, resulting in inaccurate detection results. By providing a stamping mechanism and setting the middle section of the extraction chamber to a structure that can be elastically deformed, the soil and the extraction liquid in the extraction chamber are dynamically pressurized and depressurized through a stamping action, and the centrifugal mechanism is used to form two independent cycles in the extraction chamber that flow from the side wall to the center and then are centrifuged to the side wall position, thereby avoiding the reduction of the contact area between the extraction liquid and the soil due to the enrichment of the extraction liquid, soil and gravel at different positions due to density difference, and the heat generated by the stamping further improves the penetration effect between the extraction liquid and the soil.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An integrated device for automatic extraction and detection of soil organic matter in construction land comprises an extraction chamber and a detection module, and also comprises a driving mechanism, a stamping mechanism and a centrifugal mechanism; the driving mechanism comprises a rotating driving assembly and a vertical driving assembly; the rotating driving assembly is connected to the upper end of the extraction chamber; the vertical driving assembly is connected to the rotating driving assembly; the stamping mechanism is connected to the vertical driving assembly, and when the rotating driving assembly is powered on and rotated, the stamping mechanism is driven to perform vertical reciprocating motion through the vertical driving assembly, and when the stamping mechanism is pressed downward, the middle part of the extraction chamber is deformed inward; the centrifugal mechanism is connected to the rotating driving assembly, and when the centrifugal mechanism rotates with the rotating driving assembly, two flow cycles are formed in the upper and lower layers of the extraction chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating drive assembly includes a motor and a drive shaft; the motor is arranged at the upper end of the extraction chamber; one end of the drive shaft is connected to the motor, and the other end is connected to the centrifugal mechanism; the vertical drive assembly includes bevel gear 1 and bevel gear 2; bevel gear 1 is connected to the drive shaft; bevel gear 2 is meshed with bevel gear 1, and the transmission ratio between bevel gear 2 and bevel gear 1 is greater than 1.

[0010] In the above scheme, the bevel gear structure is used to realize that the motor drives the centrifugal mechanism to rotate and the stamping mechanism to move vertically at the same time, and the torque is increased by the reduction transmission between the bevel gear one and the bevel gear two, so that the stamping assembly can be stamped smoothly and the stamping speed will not be too fast, thereby preventing the flow disorder in the extraction chamber. In addition, the bevel gear two drives the stamping mechanism to move back and forth vertically, which can generate heat while increasing the pressure, and slightly heat the side wall of the extraction chamber. The heating can destroy the strong attraction between the extract and the soil matrix caused by van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds, etc., reduce the viscosity and surface tension of the extract, enable the extract to better penetrate into the soil matrix, improve the extraction effect, and accelerate the interaction between the extract molecules and the target compounds in the soil, thereby speeding up the extraction speed.

[0011] Preferably, the extraction chamber includes an elastic section and a hard section; the hard section is provided in two sections, and the elastic section is provided between the two hard sections; the stamping mechanism includes a stamping chamber, a stamping ring plug and a connecting rod; the stamping chamber is provided in the outer ring of the extraction chamber; the stamping ring plug is slidably installed in the extraction chamber; the connecting rod is connected between the second bevel gear and the stamping ring plug.

[0012] In the above scheme, when the punching mechanism is punching, the pressure in the punching chamber can be increased. At this time, the elastic section of the extraction chamber is deformed toward the axial direction of the extraction chamber under the action of pressure. At this time, the axial cross-section of the extraction chamber is an hourglass-shaped structure. Under the deformation of the elastic section, the extraction liquid and soil in the extraction chamber can be pressurized, so that the soil is separated from the inner wall of the extraction chamber and sent back to the position of the drive shaft, which helps to increase the contact area between the soil and the extraction liquid. After the soil is subjected to the increased pressure, the hard shell produced by long-term mechanical compaction will be destroyed, and the extraction liquid will enter the micropores under the cooperation of centrifugal force, and the vertical drive component will continue to drive the elastic section to perform the process of pressurization and decompression, so that the soil is continuously subjected to dynamically changing pressure, making it looser, and separating the gravel and soil.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting rod includes a vertical push rod and a connecting rotating rod; the vertical push rod is connected to the stamped ring plug, and a transverse groove is provided on the vertical push rod; one end of the connecting rotating rod is connected to the second bevel gear, and the other end is installed in the transverse groove.

[0014] In the above scheme, the connecting rod is laterally moved in the transverse groove on the vertical push rod, so that when the connecting rod rotates with the bevel gear 2, it can smoothly drive the vertical push rod to move vertically, avoiding motion interference.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic section is made of nickel-titanium memory alloy; the hard section is made of 45 steel, the thickness of the hard section is greater than that of the elastic section, and a fixing rod is provided between the hard section located above the elastic section and the outer wall of the stamping cavity.

[0016] In the above scheme, the end temperature of the austenite phase transformation of the nickel-titanium memory alloy is generally between -20°C and 100°C. Setting the end temperature of the austenite phase transformation at room temperature will make it superelastic, able to undergo large reversible deformation when subjected to pressure, and will return to its original state after the pressure is removed. During the operation of the stamping mechanism, the temperature of the elastic section will rise. As the temperature rises, the yield strength of the alloy will gradually increase, making it more difficult to undergo permanent deformation, and will reduce the phase transformation hysteresis of the alloy, making its deformation behavior more stable.

[0017] Preferably, the centrifugal mechanism comprises a descending impeller and an ascending impeller; the descending impeller is arranged above the elastic section; and the ascending impeller is arranged below the elastic section.

[0018] In the above scheme, the descending impeller and the ascending impeller can make the upper part and the lower part of the elastic section be divided into two different circulation areas. When the elastic section is squeezed inward, the soil and the extract flow from the driving shaft to the upper and lower ends. With the descending impeller and the ascending impeller, two different flow internal circulations will be formed, which can effectively avoid the deterioration of the extraction effect caused by soil deposition. At this time, from the axial cross-section, the upper layer of soil and extract near the driving shaft position rises, while the soil and extract near the hard section position descends; and the lower circulation is opposite to the upper circulation direction. At this time, it can avoid the soil adhering to the side wall of the extraction chamber due to centrifugal force, so that the soil and the extract are fully mixed and infiltrated, and the flow rate of the soil and the extract can be increased under the squeezing effect of the elastic section, further improving the infiltration effect.

[0019] Preferably, the descending impeller includes an impeller body, centrifugal section blades and descending section blades; the centrifugal section blades are arranged in the inner ring of the impeller body, and the cross-section of the centrifugal section blades is a vertical structure; the descending section blades are arranged at the edge of the impeller body, and the descending section blades are a downward curved arc structure and form a smooth transition connection with the centrifugal section blades; the rising impeller has the same structure as the descending impeller, and the rising impeller and the descending impeller are mirror-arranged about the middle horizontal plane of the elastic section; the drive shaft rotates counterclockwise when viewed from above.

[0020] In the above scheme, the radial force can be maximized through the vertical structure of the centrifugal section blades, so that the soil and the extract can be subjected to a strong centrifugal effect, thereby helping the extract to fully penetrate the soil, and the descending section blades at the edge are of an arc structure, and have a smooth transition with the vertical structure of the centrifugal section blades, ensuring continuous liquid flow. When the drive shaft rotates counterclockwise, the descending section blades bend downward, which can make the soil and extract flowing through the surface of the descending section blades form a downward swirling trend; the ascending impeller and the descending impeller are mirror-arranged about the middle horizontal plane of the elastic section, that is, the edge of the ascending impeller is curved upward, thereby forming an ascending swirling flow.

[0021] Preferably, a guide assembly is provided on the hard section; the guide assembly includes a deflection groove, a guide arc plate, a pneumatic pressure block, a return spring and a swing torsion spring; the deflection groove is opened on the hard section; the guide arc plate is rotatably installed in the deflection groove; the pneumatic pressure block is slidably installed in the deflection groove, and the back of the pneumatic pressure block is an eccentric conical structure; the return spring is connected between the pneumatic pressure block and the deflection groove; the swing torsion spring is connected between the guide arc plate and the deflection groove.

[0022] In the above scheme, the guide arc plate is used to cooperate with the descending impeller and the ascending impeller to further improve the stability of the internal circulation, and in the process of reciprocating stamping of the stamping mechanism, the guide arc plate will rotate under the pressing action of the pneumatic pressure block. The angle between the guide arc plate and the vertical plane in the initial state is set to 30 degrees. After being squeezed, it rotates from 30 degrees to nearly 0 degrees. At this time, the guide arc plate is close to a vertical state. On the one hand, the soil and gravel can be moved during the deflection process to prevent them from forming an adhesion layer on the wall of the extraction chamber. The soil and the extract can make sharp bends above and below the elastic section when the edge rises or falls, and eddies can be generated at the sharp bends. The eddies are used to destroy the laminar boundary layer on the surface of the soil particles, so that the extract can directly impact the micropores.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. Compared with the existing soil extraction inspection device, the present invention converts the rotational motion of the motor into the vertical reciprocating motion of the punching mechanism through the vertical drive component, and realizes deceleration and torque increase through the vertical drive component to ensure sufficient punching force, and the punching speed and the centrifugal speed are synchronously controlled to ensure that the extract and the soil in the extraction chamber will not mix; the middle section of the extraction chamber is set to a superelastic material, so that the punching mechanism can deform the extraction chamber during the reciprocating punching process, so as to achieve repeated pressurization and decompression of the extract and the soil in the extraction chamber. After the soil is subjected to continuous pressure changes, the hard shell originally produced by long-term mechanical compaction will be destroyed, thereby helping the extract to penetrate more easily. In the soil; in addition, during the stamping process of the stamping ring plug, work will be done on the air in the stamping cavity. At this time, the air temperature in the stamping cavity rises and is transmitted to the elastic section, the hard section, the soil inside it, and the extract. As the temperature rises, the yield strength of the elastic section made of nickel-titanium memory alloy will gradually increase, making it more difficult to deform permanently, and will reduce the phase change hysteresis of the alloy, making its deformation behavior more stable. In addition, under the action of heat, the strong attraction between the extract and the soil matrix caused by van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds, etc. can be destroyed, reducing the viscosity and surface tension of the extract, so that the extract can better penetrate into the soil matrix, further improving the extraction effect and ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0025] 2. The present invention provides an ascending impeller and a descending impeller. In the process of centrifugal penetration, the soil and the extracting liquid that are sent back to the position of the driving shaft by the elastic section to ascend and descend are guided in cooperation with the repeated deformation effect of the elastic section, so that two flow cycles are formed in the extraction chamber. On the one hand, the return effect of the elastic section can prevent the soil from adhering to the side wall of the extraction chamber due to centrifugal force, so that the soil and the extracting liquid are fully mixed and penetrated. On the other hand, the flow speed of the soil and the extracting liquid can be increased under the squeezing effect of the elastic section, so that the mixing effect of the soil and the extracting liquid is further improved, thereby improving the penetration effect and ensuring the accuracy of the detection result.

[0026] 3. The present invention sets a guide arc plate. With the punching action of the punching mechanism, the guide arc plate swings. On the one hand, it can scrape the soil attached to the hard section to avoid the reduction of the contact area between the extract and the soil caused by the accumulation of soil on the hard section. On the other hand, when the guide arc plate swings to a nearly vertical position, the extract and soil that were originally in oblique vortex will be forced to flow vertically. At this time, the extract and soil will hit the elastic section deformed in the direction of the drive axis, thereby forcing the extract and soil to make a sharp turn, and when the extract and soil are in contact with the elastic section, they will make a sharp turn again. The eddy current phenomenon generated by the sharp turn will destroy the laminar boundary layer on the surface of the soil particles, so that the extract directly impacts the micropores, further improving the extraction penetration effect, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at center;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the descending impeller structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 2A magnified view of the structure at B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure at C in the middle;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the flow state of soil and extraction liquid when the elastic section of the present invention is deformed;

[0036] In the figure: 1. extraction chamber; 11. elastic section; 12. hard section; 121. guide assembly; 1211. deflection groove; 1212. guide arc plate; 1213. pneumatic pressure block; 1214. reset spring; 1215. swing torsion spring; 2. detection module; 3. driving mechanism; 31. rotation driving assembly; 311. motor; 312. driving shaft; 32. vertical driving assembly; 321. bevel gear one; 322. bevel gear two; 4. stamping mechanism; 41. stamping chamber; 411. fixing rod; 42. stamping ring plug; 43. connecting rod; 431. vertical push rod; 4311. transverse groove; 432. connecting rotating rod; 5. centrifugal mechanism; 51. descending impeller; 511. impeller body; 512. centrifugal section blades; 513. descending section blades; 52. ascending impeller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides an integrated equipment for automatic extraction and detection of organic matter in soil of construction land, and the technical scheme is as follows:

[0039] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3, an integrated equipment for automatic extraction and detection of soil organic matter in construction land, comprising an extraction chamber 1 and a detection module 2, and also comprising a driving mechanism 3, a punching mechanism 4 and a centrifugal mechanism 5; the driving mechanism 3 comprises a rotating driving component 31 and a vertical driving component 32; the rotating driving component 31 is connected to the upper end of the extraction chamber 1; the vertical driving component 32 is connected to the rotating driving component 31; the punching mechanism 4 is connected to the vertical driving component 32, and when the rotating driving component 31 is powered on and rotated, the punching mechanism 4 is driven by the vertical driving component 32 to perform vertical reciprocating motion, and when the punching mechanism 4 is pressed down, the middle part of the extraction chamber 1 is deformed inward, thereby increasing the pressure on the soil and the extraction liquid in the extraction chamber 1, and when the punching mechanism 4 is reset upward, the pressure on the soil and the extraction liquid in the extraction chamber 1 will be reduced, so that the soil and the extraction liquid are subjected to dynamic pressure changes, so that the pores of the compacted soil are expanded, thereby improving the extraction effect; the centrifugal mechanism 5 is connected to the rotating driving component 31, and when the centrifugal mechanism 5 rotates with the rotating driving component 31, the upper layer and the lower layer of the extraction chamber 1 form two flow cycles.

[0040] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The rotating driving assembly 31 includes a motor 311 and a driving shaft 312; the motor 311 is arranged at the upper end of the extraction chamber 1; one end of the driving shaft 312 is connected to the motor 311, and the other end is connected to the centrifugal mechanism 5; the vertical driving assembly 32 includes a bevel gear 1 321 and a bevel gear 2 322; the bevel gear 1 321 is connected to the driving shaft 312; the bevel gear 2 322 is meshed with the bevel gear 1 321, and the transmission ratio between the bevel gear 2 322 and the bevel gear 1 321 is greater than 1. The bevel gear structure is used to realize that the motor 311 drives the centrifugal mechanism 5 to rotate and the punching mechanism 4 to move vertically at the same time, and the torque is increased by the reduction transmission between the bevel gear 1 321 and the bevel gear 2 322, so that the punching assembly can punch smoothly and the punching speed will not be too fast, thereby preventing the flow disorder in the extraction chamber 1. The bevel gear 2 322 drives the punching mechanism 4 to move back and forth vertically, which can generate heat while increasing the pressure, and slightly heat the side wall of the extraction chamber 1. The heating can destroy the strong attraction between the extract and the soil matrix caused by van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds, etc., reduce the viscosity and surface tension of the extract, enable the extract to better penetrate into the soil matrix, improve the extraction effect, and accelerate the interaction between the extract molecules and the target compounds in the soil, thereby speeding up the extraction speed.

[0041] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8The extraction chamber 1 includes an elastic section 11 and a hard section 12; the hard section 12 is provided with two sections, and the elastic section 11 is provided between the two hard sections 12; the stamping mechanism 4 includes a stamping chamber 41, a stamping ring plug 42 and a connecting rod 43; the stamping chamber 41 is provided on the outer ring of the extraction chamber 1; the stamping ring plug 42 is slidably installed in the extraction chamber 1; the connecting rod 43 is connected between the bevel gear 2 322 and the stamping ring plug 42. When the punching mechanism 4 is punching, the pressure in the punching chamber 41 can be increased. At this time, the elastic section 11 of the extraction chamber 1 is deformed toward the axial direction of the extraction chamber 1 under the action of pressure. At this time, the axial cross-section of the extraction chamber 1 is an hourglass-shaped structure. Under the deformation of the elastic section 11, the extraction liquid and soil in the extraction chamber 1 can be pressurized, so that the soil is separated from the inner wall of the extraction chamber 1 and is sent back to the position of the drive shaft 312, which helps to increase the contact area between the soil and the extraction liquid. After the soil is subjected to the increased pressure, the hard shell produced by long-term mechanical compaction will be destroyed, and the extraction liquid will enter the micropores under the cooperation of centrifugal force, and the vertical drive component 32 will continue to drive the elastic section 11 to perform the process of pressurization and decompression, so that the soil is continuously subjected to dynamically changing pressure, making it looser, separating the gravel and soil, and in the process of pressurization and decompression, the extraction chamber 1 is in a sealed state as a whole.

[0042] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 The connecting rod 43 includes a vertical push rod 431 and a connecting rotating rod 432; the vertical push rod 431 is connected to the stamping ring plug 42, and a transverse shift groove 4311 is provided on the vertical push rod 431; one end of the connecting rotating rod 432 is connected to the second bevel gear 322, and the other end is installed in the transverse shift groove 4311. The connecting rotating rod 432 moves transversely in the transverse shift groove 4311 on the vertical push rod 431, so that when the connecting rotating rod 432 rotates with the second bevel gear 322, the vertical push rod 431 can be smoothly driven to move vertically, thereby avoiding motion interference.

[0043] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8The elastic section 11 is made of nickel-titanium memory alloy; the hard section 12 is made of 45 steel, the thickness of the hard section 12 is greater than that of the elastic section 11, and a fixing rod 411 is provided between the hard section 12 located above the elastic section 11 and the outer wall of the stamping cavity 41. The fixing rod 411 is used to fix the upper hard section 12 to avoid instability of the upper hard section 12 when the elastic section 11 is deformed. When the upper and lower hard sections 12 are both stable structures, it can be ensured that the two ends are fixed when the elastic section 11 is not deformed, so that the deformation is more uniform. The end temperature of the austenite phase transformation of nickel-titanium memory alloy is generally between -20°C and 100°C. Setting the end temperature of the austenite phase transformation at room temperature will make it superelastic, and it can undergo a large reversible deformation when subjected to pressure, and will return to its original state after the pressure is removed. In the working process of the stamping mechanism 4, the temperature of the elastic section 11 will rise. As the temperature rises, the yield strength of the alloy will gradually increase, making it more difficult to undergo permanent deformation, and will reduce the phase transformation hysteresis of the alloy, making its deformation behavior more stable; and the elastic section 11 and the hard section 12 are both made of metal materials, which will be more wear-resistant and can resist the wear of the side wall caused by gravel in the soil during the centrifugal process. As a metal material, it has good thermal conductivity and can transfer the heat generated during the stamping process to the soil and the extraction liquid, further improving the extraction effect.

[0044] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8 The centrifugal mechanism 5 includes a descending impeller 51 and an ascending impeller 52; the descending impeller 51 is arranged above the elastic section 11; the ascending impeller 52 is arranged below the elastic section 11. The descending impeller 51 and the ascending impeller 52 can make the upper part of the elastic section 11 and the lower part of the elastic section 11 divided into two different circulation areas. When the elastic section 11 is squeezed inward, the soil and the extracting liquid flow from the position of the driving shaft 312 to the upper and lower ends. With the descending impeller 51 and the ascending impeller 52, two different flow internal circulations will be formed, which can effectively avoid the deterioration of the extraction effect caused by soil deposition. At this time, from the axial cross-section, the soil and the extracting liquid at the upper layer near the position of the driving shaft 312 rise, while the soil and the extracting liquid at the position near the hard section 12 fall; and the lower layer circulation is opposite to the upper layer circulation. At this time, it can not only avoid the soil adhering to the side wall of the extraction chamber 1 caused by centrifugal force, so that the soil and the extracting liquid are fully mixed and infiltrated, but also increase the flow speed of the soil and the extracting liquid under the squeezing effect of the elastic section 11, and further improve the infiltration effect.

[0045] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5The descending impeller 51 includes an impeller body 511, a centrifugal section blade 512 and a descending section blade 513; the centrifugal section blade 512 is arranged in the inner ring of the impeller body 511, and the cross section of the centrifugal section blade 512 is a vertical structure; the descending section blade 513 is arranged at the edge of the impeller body 511, and the descending section blade 513 is a downward curved arc structure and forms a smooth transition connection with the centrifugal section blade 512; the rising impeller 52 has the same structure as the descending impeller 51, and the rising impeller 52 and the descending impeller 51 are arranged in a mirror image with respect to the middle horizontal plane of the elastic section 11; the driving shaft 312 rotates counterclockwise when viewed from above. The vertical structure of the centrifugal section blades 512 can maximize the radial force, so that the soil and the extract can be subjected to a strong centrifugal effect, thereby helping the extract to fully penetrate the soil, and the descending section blades 513 at the edge are of an arc structure, and have a smooth transition with the vertical structure of the centrifugal section blades 512, ensuring continuous liquid flow. When the drive shaft 312 rotates counterclockwise, the descending section blades 513 bend downward, which can make the soil and the extract flowing through the surface of the descending section blades 513 form a downward swirling trend; the rising impeller 52 and the descending impeller 51 are arranged in a mirror image with respect to the middle horizontal plane of the elastic section 11, that is, the edge of the rising impeller 52 is bent upward, thereby forming an ascending swirling flow.

[0046] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7The hard section 12 is provided with a flow guide component 121; the flow guide component 121 includes a deflection groove 1211, a flow guide arc plate 1212, a pneumatic pressure block 1213, a return spring 1214 and a swing torsion spring 1215; the deflection groove 1211 is provided on the hard section 12; the flow guide arc plate 1212 is rotatably installed in the deflection groove 1211; the pneumatic pressure block 1213 is slidably installed in the deflection groove 1211, and the back of the pneumatic pressure block 1213 is an eccentric cone Structure, when the pneumatic pressure block 1213 is subjected to pressure, the guide arc plate 1212 moves, and at this time, the eccentric conical structure on its back will contact the tail of the guide arc plate 1212, and the guide arc plate 1212 is rotated through a gradual squeezing effect, and rotated to a state close to the vertical state; the return spring 1214 is connected between the pneumatic pressure block 1213 and the deflection slot 1211; the swing torsion spring 1215 is connected between the guide arc plate 1212 and the deflection slot 1211. The guide arc plate 1212 cooperates with the descending impeller 51 and the ascending impeller 52 to further improve the stability of the internal circulation. In the process of reciprocating stamping by the stamping mechanism 4, the guide arc plate 1212 will rotate under the pressure of the pneumatic pressing block 1213. The angle between the guide arc plate 1212 and the vertical plane is set to 30 degrees in the initial state. After being squeezed, it rotates from 30 degrees to nearly 0 degrees. At this time, the guide arc plate 1212 is close to a vertical state. On the one hand, the soil and gravel can be moved during the deflection process to prevent them from forming an adhesion layer on the wall of the extraction chamber 1, which can make the soil When the extractant moves up or down at the edge, a sharp bend is generated above and below the elastic section 11 (originally, when the guide arc plate 1212 is tilted, the soil and the extractant will circulate in an arc-shaped flow direction, and when the elastic section 11 is deformed and cooperates with the vertical guidance of the guide arc plate 1212, a sharp bend will be generated after the soil and the extractant contact the bent and deformed elastic section 11), and eddy currents can be generated at the sharp bends. The eddy currents are used to destroy the laminar boundary layer on the surface of the soil particles. The deformation of the elastic section 11 increases the pressure on the extractant and the soil, so that the extractant directly impacts the micropores, further improving the penetration effect.

[0047] Working process: put the sampled soil into the extraction chamber 1, add the extraction liquid, turn on the motor 311, the motor 311 drives the centrifugal mechanism 5 to rotate through the driving shaft 312, and at the same time, the driving shaft 312 drives the punching mechanism 4 to perform vertical reciprocating motion through the vertical driving component 32. When the punching mechanism 4 is pressed down, the elastic section 11 is deformed under the pressure to exert pressure on the soil and the extraction liquid, and at the same time cooperates with the centrifugal mechanism 5 to drive the soil and the extraction liquid to form a circulation flow, so as to avoid the stratification and enrichment of the soil, gravel and the extraction liquid, resulting in a decrease in the contact area.

[0048] Specifically, the sampled soil is placed in the extraction chamber 1, the extraction liquid is added, and the motor 311 is turned on. The motor 311 drives the descending impeller 51 and the ascending impeller 52 to rotate through the driving shaft 312. At the same time, the driving shaft 312 also drives the bevel gear 1 321 to rotate, and the bevel gear 2 322 is driven to rotate through the rotation of the bevel gear 1 321. At this time, the bevel gear 2 322 will drive the connecting rod 432 to rotate. The connecting rod 432 will press down or pull up the vertical push rod 431 when rotating, and The vertical push rod 431 moves horizontally in the transverse groove 4311. At this time, the vertical push rod 431 will synchronously drive the stamping ring plug 42 to perform vertical downward or upward movement in the stamping cavity 41. When the stamping ring plug 42 performs vertical downward movement, the air in the stamping cavity 41 will be compressed. As the air pressure increases, the pressure on the elastic section 11 will also increase. At this time, the elastic section 11 will produce elastic deformation under the action of pressure and sink toward the direction of the driving shaft 312. During the deformation process, the elastic section 11 will press the soil The elastic section 11 exerts pressure on the soil and the extracting liquid, and the soil, gravel and extracting liquid will be subjected to increasing and decreasing pressure cycles during the reciprocating motion of the stamping ring plug 42. At this time, the soil will become loose and its pores will be enlarged, so that the extracting liquid can fully penetrate into the soil; during the inward deformation of the elastic section 11, the soil and the extracting liquid will be pressed to flow to the upper and lower ends. At this time, in conjunction with the descending impeller 51 and the ascending impeller 52, two different flow internal circulations will be formed, which can effectively avoid the deterioration of the extraction effect caused by soil deposition. At this time, from the axial cross-section, the upper circulation direction is that the soil and the extracting liquid near the position of the drive shaft 312 rise, while the soil and the extracting liquid near the position of the hard section 12 fall; and the lower circulation is opposite to the upper circulation direction. At this time, it can not only avoid the soil adhering to the side wall of the extraction chamber 1 due to centrifugal force, so that the soil and the extracting liquid are fully mixed and penetrated, but also increase the flow speed of the soil and the extracting liquid under the squeezing effect of the elastic section 11, further improving the penetration effect;In addition, during the pressing process of the stamping ring plug 42, the pneumatic pressing block 1213 will slide in the deflection groove 1211. At this time, the pneumatic pressing block 1213 will squeeze the tail of the guide arc plate 1212, so that the guide arc plate 1212 rotates to a nearly vertical state. During the rotation of the guide arc plate 1212, the soil and gravel on the wall of the hard section 12 will be scraped to prevent the soil and gravel from adhering to the wall and being unable to fully contact with the extraction liquid. For the upper circulation, the guiding effect of the descending section blade 513 and the guide arc plate 1212 will cooperate to force the soil and the extraction liquid to reach the hard section 12. The mass segment 12 moves vertically downward when it hits the wall of the elastic segment 11, and the elastic segment 11 is in the inward deformation stage. At this time, the soil and the extracting liquid contact the elastic segment 11 to form a sharp bend, and the soil and extracting liquid rising under the squeeze of the elastic segment 11 will cause the soil and extracting liquid in this sharp bend to rise together to form a secondary sharp bend. Under the two sharp bends, eddy currents will be formed, and the laminar boundary layer on the surface of the soil particles will be destroyed by the eddy currents. With the effect of the deformation of the elastic segment 11 on the pressurization of the extracting liquid and the soil, the extracting liquid will directly impact the micropores, further improving the infiltration effect; and the lower layer circulation is similar to the upper layer circulation, only the circulation direction is opposite. ;

[0049] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected, and the scope of the present invention to be protected is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated device for automatic extraction and detection of organic matter in soil of construction land, comprising an extraction chamber (1) and a detection module (2), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a driving mechanism (3), a punching mechanism (4) and a centrifugal mechanism (5); the driving mechanism (3) comprises a rotary driving assembly (31) and a vertical driving assembly (32); the rotary driving assembly (31) is connected to the upper end of the extraction chamber (1); the vertical driving assembly (32) is connected to the rotary driving assembly (31); the punching mechanism (4) is connected to the vertical driving assembly (32); when the rotary driving assembly (31) is powered on and rotated, the punching mechanism (4) is driven by the vertical driving assembly (32) to perform vertical reciprocating motion; when the punching mechanism (4) is pressed downward, the middle part of the extraction chamber (1) is deformed inward; the centrifugal mechanism (5) is connected to the rotary driving assembly (31); when the centrifugal mechanism (5) rotates with the rotary driving assembly (31), the upper layer and the lower layer of the extraction chamber (1) form two flow cycles.

2. The integrated equipment for automatic extraction and detection of organic matter in soil of construction land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly (31) comprises a motor (311) and a drive shaft (312); the motor (311) is arranged at the upper end of the extraction chamber (1); one end of the drive shaft (312) is connected to the motor (311), and the other end is connected to the centrifugal mechanism (5); the vertical drive assembly (32) comprises a bevel gear 1 (321) and a bevel gear 2 (322); the bevel gear 1 (321) is connected to the drive shaft (312); the bevel gear 2 (322) is meshed with the bevel gear 1 (321), and the transmission ratio between the bevel gear 2 (322) and the bevel gear 1 (321) is greater than 1.

3. The integrated equipment for automatic extraction and detection of organic matter in soil of construction land according to claim 2, characterized in that: The extraction chamber (1) comprises an elastic section (11) and a hard section (12); the hard section (12) is provided with two sections, and the elastic section (11) is provided between the two hard sections (12); the stamping mechanism (4) comprises a stamping chamber (41), a stamping ring plug (42) and a connecting rod (43); the stamping chamber (41) is provided on the outer ring of the extraction chamber (1); the stamping ring plug (42) is slidably installed in the extraction chamber (1); and the connecting rod (43) is connected between the second bevel gear (322) and the stamping ring plug (42).

4. The integrated equipment for automatic extraction and detection of organic matter in soil of construction land according to claim 3 is characterized by: The connecting rod (43) includes a vertical push rod (431) and a connecting rotating rod (432); the vertical push rod (431) is connected to the stamping ring plug (42), and a transverse displacement groove (4311) is provided on the vertical push rod (431); one end of the connecting rotating rod (432) is connected to the second bevel gear (322), and the other end is installed in the transverse displacement groove (4311).

5. The integrated equipment for automatic extraction and detection of organic matter in soil of construction land according to claim 3 is characterized by: The elastic section (11) is made of nickel-titanium memory alloy; the hard section (12) is made of 45 steel, the thickness of the hard section (12) is greater than that of the elastic section (11), and a fixing rod (411) is provided between the hard section (12) located above the elastic section (11) and the outer wall of the stamping cavity (41).

6. The integrated equipment for automatic extraction and detection of organic matter in soil of construction land according to claim 3 is characterized by: The centrifugal mechanism (5) comprises a descending impeller (51) and an ascending impeller (52); the descending impeller (51) is arranged above the elastic section (11); and the ascending impeller (52) is arranged below the elastic section (11).

7. The integrated equipment for automatic extraction and detection of organic matter in soil of construction land according to claim 6, characterized in that: The descending impeller (51) comprises an impeller body (511), centrifugal blades (512) and descending blades (513); the centrifugal blades (512) are arranged on the inner ring of the impeller body (511), and the vertical cross section of the centrifugal blades (512) is a vertical structure; the descending blades (513) are arranged at the edge of the impeller body (511), and the descending blades (513) are a downwardly curved arc structure and form a smooth transition connection with the centrifugal blades (512); the ascending impeller (52) and the descending impeller (51) have the same structure, and the ascending impeller (52) and the descending impeller (51) are arranged in a mirror image with respect to the middle horizontal plane of the elastic section (11); and the driving shaft (312) rotates counterclockwise when viewed from above.

8. The integrated equipment for automatic extraction and detection of organic matter in soil of construction land according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hard section (12) is provided with a flow guide component (121); the flow guide component (121) comprises a deflection groove (1211), a flow guide arc plate (1212), a pneumatic pressure block (1213), a return spring (1214) and a swing torsion spring (1215); the deflection groove (1211) is provided on the hard section (12); the tail of the flow guide arc plate (1212) is rotatably mounted in the deflection groove (1211); the pneumatic pressure block (1213) is slidably mounted in the deflection groove (1211), and the back of the pneumatic pressure block (1213) is an eccentric conical structure; the return spring (1214) is connected between the pneumatic pressure block (1213) and the deflection groove (1211); and the swing torsion spring (1215) is connected between the flow guide arc plate (1212) and the deflection groove (1211).

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