Method and device for simulating differential deformation of soil body

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for simulating differential deformation of a soil body, and belongs to the technical field of soil body deformation simulation experiments. The method comprises the steps of calculating the size of the bottom plate and a subsection settlement curve, splicing the bottom plate and the settlement control assembly, and adjusting the shape of the bottom plate to fit soil deformation. The device comprises a plurality of bottom plates, a first connecting piece and a settlement control assembly, the real deformation state of a soil body can be simulated, sudden deformation change is avoided, adjustment is carried out according to geological conditions and site deformation requirements, and the flexibility and adjustability of a simulation experiment are improved. The device can accurately simulate and predict the settlement deformation of the soil body in the goaf site engineering to reveal the mechanical response of the structure under the site deformation, effectively saves the cost, simplifies the experiment operation, enhances the integrity and stability of the bottom plate device, improves the reliability and safety of the experiment, and has better expandability and applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil deformation simulation experiments, and in particular to a method and a device for simulating soil differential deformation. Background Art

[0002] In goaf site engineering, due to the mining of underground mineral deposits, the strata will undergo settlement and deformation, resulting in corresponding settlement and tilting of the upper structure. This deformation has an adverse effect on the safety and stability of the structure. Therefore, accurately simulating and predicting this deformation and revealing the mechanical response of the structure under site deformation are of great significance for reasonable control and prevention in engineering.

[0003] Traditional methods for simulating the deformation of goaf sites usually use rigid connection structures. These methods cannot meet the requirements of complex deformation in multiple dimensions, limiting the flexibility and controllability of site deformation. For example, when simulating soil deformation, the rigidly connected base plate cannot effectively simulate the state of the soil when it actually deforms due to the limitation of its connection method, which easily leads to sudden deformation changes, making it impossible to accurately and delicately simulate the deformation process.

[0004] In addition, due to the diversity of geological conditions and deformation requirements, traditional simulation methods cannot adapt to different geological conditions and site deformation requirements, and lack flexibility and adjustability. This makes it difficult to accurately simulate the deformation of the goaf site in practical applications, affecting the accurate prediction of the structural mechanical response. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a method and device for simulating differential deformation of soil. By introducing an assembled base plate, a first connecting member and a settlement control assembly, the simulation of the interaction and differential deformation between the base plates is achieved, thereby avoiding sudden deformation changes caused by the individual displacement of the base plate.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for simulating differential deformation of soil, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. According to the settlement curve of the soil deformation to be simulated and the similarity ratio according to the requirements of the test site, the size of the bottom plate is calculated;

[0008] S2. Calculate the radius of curvature according to the settlement curve, and divide the curve into sections according to the radius of curvature, define the section with a smaller radius than a preset threshold as a section with a gentle settlement change, and define the section with a larger radius than the preset threshold as a section with a drastic settlement change;

[0009] S3, using a prefabricated bottom plate according to the size of the bottom plate, assembling it through a first connecting member, and connecting the settlement control component to the lower surface of the bottom plate to form a device for simulating soil differential deformation;

[0010] S4. Adjust the shape of the bottom plate according to the settlement curve of soil deformation, including:

[0011] Controlling the settlement of the bottom plate by a settlement control assembly;

[0012] Adjust the tightness between the hinge ring and the ball ring by means of the bolts on the first connecting member;

[0013] The inclination of the bottom plate is adjusted according to the soil settlement curve to fit the soil deformation in the settlement curve.

[0014] Furthermore, the step S4 also includes: locking and fixing the section with gentle settlement change by bolts so that adjacent bottom plates form a combined body to share the same settlement control component.

[0015] Furthermore, the step S4 also includes: in the section where the settlement changes drastically, an independent settlement control component is provided under each bottom plate for control.

[0016] Furthermore, in a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for simulating soil differential deformation for use in the method of the first aspect, comprising:

[0017] Multiple bottom plates are used to simulate differential deformation of the surface soil, and the sides thereof are respectively provided with X-axis bottom plate reserved holes and Y-axis bottom plate reserved holes, and the lower surface is provided with settlement control component connection reserved holes;

[0018] A first connecting member is connected between adjacent base plates to adjust relative displacement and rotation between the base plates; and

[0019] A settlement control component is connected to the bottom plate and is used to control the settlement of the bottom plate.

[0020] Furthermore, a second connecting member is provided between the settlement control component and the bottom plate, the second connecting member has the same structure as the first connecting member, and the settlement control component is connected to the bottom plate through the second connecting member.

[0021] Furthermore, the first connecting member includes:

[0022] A first shaft cylinder, wherein a first spring is arranged inside the first shaft cylinder, a ball ring is arranged on the extended end of the first shaft cylinder, and a first connecting plate is fixed on the fixed end of the first shaft cylinder;

[0023] A second shaft cylinder, inside which a second spring is arranged, a hinge ring is arranged on the extended end of the second shaft cylinder, and a second connecting plate is fixed on the fixed end of the second shaft cylinder;

[0024] The ball ring and the hinge ring are engaged and rotated with a gap left to limit the horizontal and vertical displacement of the bottom plate;

[0025] The arrangement of the first spring and the second spring enables a relative displacement between adjacent bottom plates, so that the adjacent bottom plates can be displaced relative to each other under the action of the settlement control assembly;

[0026] The ball ring is provided with bolts for adjusting the tightness between the ball ring and the hinge ring so that the adjacent bottom plates of the gentle drop change section form a combined body. The ball ring is provided with at least two limiting grooves for limiting the rotation of the ball ring.

[0027] Furthermore, the settlement control assembly comprises:

[0028] An electric jack, used for controlling the lifting and lowering of the base plate, and a third connecting plate is provided at the extended end thereof;

[0029] An electric jack base plate, arranged at a fixed end of the electric jack, for supporting the electric jack;

[0030] The third connecting plate is connected to the settlement control assembly, and the settlement control assembly is used to control the inclination angle of the bottom plate.

[0031] Furthermore, the third connecting plate is connected to a second connecting piece, and the electric jack is connected to the base plate via the second connecting piece.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] (1) The present invention realizes the simulation of interaction and differential deformation between the base plates by combining the assembled base plate, the first connecting member and the settlement control assembly. Connecting the base plates by the first connecting member can better simulate the state of the soil when it is actually deformed, avoid the sudden deformation caused by the displacement of the base plate alone, and can more delicately simulate the differential deformation of the soil in the goaf site engineering. At the same time, it can be adjusted according to different geological conditions and site deformation requirements, thereby improving the flexibility and adjustability of the simulation experiment and making the experimental results more consistent with the actual soil deformation.

[0034] (2) In the section where the settlement changes slowly, the present invention locks the ball ring and the hinge ring by rotating the bolts provided on the ball ring, thereby fixing the adjacent bottom plates into a combination and sharing a settlement control component. This can effectively save costs and simplify experimental operations, reduce the number of settlement control components required in the experiment, reduce the complexity of the experiment, and improve the experimental efficiency.

[0035] (3) The arrangement of the first spring and the second spring in the first connecting member of the present invention enables relative displacement between adjacent base plates, thereby achieving mutual displacement, thereby enhancing the integrity and stability of the entire base plate device, facilitating a more realistic simulation of the mechanical behavior of the soil during the actual deformation process, and improving the reliability of the experiment.

[0036] (4) The electric jack in the settlement control assembly of the present invention can accurately control the lifting amplitude and speed of the base plate, and better simulate the real settlement deformation process. By adjusting the angle of the ball ring and the hinge ring in the base plate connector, the inclination angle of the base plate can be accurately controlled, so that the settlement of the base plate is more in line with the settlement curve. In addition, the precise control of the deformation process of the base plate reduces the possible unexpected situations in the experiment and improves the safety of the experiment.

[0037] (5) The side surfaces of the base plate of the present invention are provided with X-axis base plate reserved holes and Y-axis base plate reserved holes in two directions, respectively, so that the base plate can be freely expanded according to experimental requirements, thereby enhancing the scalability and applicability of the device. Furthermore, by adjusting the angles of the ball ring and the hinge ring in the first connecting member in any direction, the settlement curve can be more closely fitted, thereby more accurately describing the mechanism of pipe-soil interaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for simulating differential deformation of soil provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a device for simulating differential deformation of soil provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A side view of a device for simulating differential deformation of soil;

[0041] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the bottom plate of the device for simulating differential deformation of soil, wherein the Y-axis bottom plate reserved holes are arranged along the Y direction in the figure, and the X-axis bottom plate reserved holes are arranged along the X direction in the figure;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a first connecting member in a device for simulating differential deformation of soil;

[0043] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first connecting member in the device for simulating differential deformation of soil;

[0044] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the settlement control component in the device for simulating soil differential deformation;

[0045] Figure 8A schematic diagram of the bottom plate simulating soil deformation after the method for simulating soil differential deformation provided by an embodiment of the present invention is implemented;

[0046] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Side view of the simulated deformation of the midsole plate;

[0047] Fig.10 To determine the settlement curve diagram of the soil deformation to be simulated;

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. base plate; 2. first connecting member 2; 3. settlement control assembly; 4. bolt; 5. first shaft cylinder; 6. second shaft cylinder; 7. ball ring; 8. hinge ring; 9. first spring; 10. second spring; 11. electric jack; 12. base plate of electric jack; 13. reserved hole for base plate in Y-axis direction; 14. reserved hole for base plate in X-axis direction; 15. reserved hole for connection of settlement control assembly; 16. settlement curve; 17. second connecting member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "axial", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0051] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for simulating differential deformation of soil, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. According to the settlement curve of the soil deformation to be simulated and the similarity ratio according to the requirements of the test site, the size of the bottom plate 1 is calculated;

[0054] S2. Calculate the radius of curvature according to the settlement curve, and divide the curve into sections according to the radius of curvature, define the section with a radius smaller than a preset threshold as a section with a gentle settlement change, and define the section with a radius larger than the preset threshold as a section with a dramatic settlement change;

[0055] S3, using a prefabricated bottom plate 1 according to the size of the bottom plate 1, assembling it through the first connecting member 2, and connecting the settlement control component 3 to the lower surface of the bottom plate 1 to form a device for simulating soil differential deformation;

[0056] S4. Adjusting the shape of the bottom plate 1 according to the settlement curve of soil deformation, including:

[0057] Controlling the settlement of the bottom plate 1 by means of the settlement control assembly 3;

[0058] Adjust the tightness between the hinge ring 8 and the ball ring 7 by means of the bolt 4 on the first connecting member 2;

[0059] The inclination of the bottom plate 1 is adjusted according to the soil settlement curve to fit the soil deformation in the settlement curve.

[0060] Furthermore, step S4 also includes: locking and fixing the section with gentle settlement change by bolts, so that adjacent bottom plates 1 form a combined body to share the same settlement control component 3 .

[0061] Specifically, step S4 also includes: in the section where the settlement changes drastically, an independent settlement control component 3 is provided under each bottom plate 1 for control.

[0062] As an example, Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the device for simulating soil differential deformation includes:

[0063] Multiple base plates 1 are used to simulate the differential deformation of the surface soil, such as Figure 4 As shown, the side of the bottom plate 1 is respectively provided with an X-axis bottom plate reserved hole 14 and a Y-axis bottom plate reserved hole 13, and the lower surface is provided with a settlement control component connection reserved hole 15;

[0064] A first connecting member 2 is connected between adjacent bottom plates 1 to adjust relative displacement and rotation between the bottom plates 1; and,

[0065] A settlement control component 3, connected to the bottom plate 1, for controlling the settlement of the bottom plate 1;

[0066] The bottom plate 1 can be expanded horizontally and vertically through the first connecting member 2 in cooperation with the X-axis bottom plate reserved hole 14 and the Y-axis bottom plate reserved hole 13 .

[0067] Furthermore, if Figure 7 As shown, a second connecting member 17 is provided between the settlement control component 3 and the bottom plate 1 . The second connecting member 17 has the same structure as the first connecting member 2 . The settlement control component 3 is connected to the bottom plate 1 via the second connecting member 17 .

[0068] Specifically, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first connecting member 2 includes:

[0069] A first shaft cylinder 5, inside which a first spring 9 is arranged, a ball ring 7 is arranged on the extended end of the first shaft cylinder 5, and a first connecting plate is fixed on the fixed end of the first shaft cylinder 5;

[0070] A second shaft cylinder 6, inside which a second spring 10 is arranged, a hinge ring 8 is arranged on the extended end of the second shaft cylinder 6, and a second connecting plate is fixed on the fixed end of the second shaft cylinder 6;

[0071] The ball ring 7 and the hinge ring 8 are engaged and rotated with a gap left to limit the horizontal and vertical displacement of the bottom plate 1;

[0072] The arrangement of the first spring 9 and the second spring 10 enables a relative displacement between adjacent bottom plates 1, so that the adjacent bottom plates 1 can be displaced relative to each other under the action of the settlement control assembly 3;

[0073] The ball ring 7 is provided with a bolt 4 for adjusting the tightness between the ball ring and the hinge ring. The ball ring 7 is provided with at least two limiting grooves for limiting the rotation of the ball ring 7 .

[0074] Specifically, the settlement control assembly includes:

[0075] The electric jack 11 is used to control the lifting and lowering of the base plate 1, and a third connecting plate is provided at its protruding end;

[0076] An electric jack base plate 12 is provided at a fixed end of the electric jack 11 to support the electric jack 11;

[0077] The third connecting plate is connected to the settlement control component 3 , and the settlement control component 3 is used to control the inclination angle of the bottom plate 1 .

[0078] Furthermore, a second connecting member 17 is connected to the third connecting plate, and the electric jack 11 is connected to the base plate 1 via the second connecting member 17 .

[0079] As a specific embodiment, the method steps for simulating soil differential deformation are as follows:

[0080] Determine the settlement curve of the soil deformation to be simulated, and determine the bottom plate size and structural form of the experimental device based on the similarity principle. The settlement curve is as follows: Fig.10 shown.

[0081] The settlement curve is divided into sections according to the radius of curvature. The curvature radius R≤1000 is identified as a section with drastic settlement changes, and R≥1000 is identified as a section with gentle settlement changes, as shown in the following table:

[0082]

[0083] Example: Take the surface curve of the goaf area fully subsiding:

[0084] For example, where: x is the horizontal distance from the center of the basin to the expected surface subsidence point; L is the distance from the center of the basin to the boundary of the subsidence basin; W 0 The maximum subsidence value of the basin center. According to the test site and accuracy requirements, the similarity ratio of the size is 1:100.

[0085] The curvature function is obtained as: The curvature of the point can be obtained by using the coordinates of the center point of the bottom plate 1 .

[0086] After similarity, let the maximum subsidence value W at the center of the basin be 0 =100mm; the distance from the basin center to the sinking basin boundary is L=650mm.

[0087] According to the calculated size of the base plate 1, the prefabricated assembled base plate 1 is assembled by the first connecting member 2 with bolts 4. Figure 1 shown.

[0088] The shape of the base plate is adjusted according to the settlement curve of soil deformation, as follows: the tightness between the hinge ring 8 and the ball ring 7 is adjusted by the bolt 4 on the first connecting member 2, and the locking bolt 4 is used to make the adjacent base plates 1 become a combination in the section with gentle settlement changes, sharing a settlement control device 3, and in the section with drastic settlement changes, each base plate 1 is controlled by a separate settlement control device 3.

[0089] The settlement control device 3 is connected to the settlement control component connection reserved hole 15 on the prefabricated bottom plate by bolts 4. One combination requires one settlement control component 3. The inclination of the bottom plate is adjusted according to the soil settlement curve, making it easier to simulate the soil deformation in the settlement curve.

[0090] The electric jack 11 and the bottom plate 1 are connected via the bottom plate connector 2, wherein the bottom plate and the electric jack are fixedly connected to the bottom plate connector 2 via bolts 4. The rise and fall amplitude of each bottom plate is controlled by the electric jack 11, and finally a preset deformation curve 16 is simulated.

[0091] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0092] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating differential deformation of soil, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. According to the settlement curve of the soil deformation to be simulated and the similarity ratio according to the requirements of the test site, the size of the bottom plate (1) is calculated; S2. Calculate the radius of curvature according to the settlement curve, and divide the curve into sections according to the radius of curvature, define the section with a smaller radius than a preset threshold as a section with a gentle settlement change, and define the section with a larger radius than the preset threshold as a section with a drastic settlement change; S3, using a prefabricated bottom plate (1) according to the size of the bottom plate (1), assembling them through a first connecting member (2), and connecting a settlement control component (3) to the lower surface of the bottom plate (1) to form a device for simulating soil differential deformation; S4. Adjusting the shape of the bottom plate (1) according to the settlement curve of soil deformation, including: Controlling the settlement of the bottom plate (1) by means of a settlement control component (3); The tightness between the hinge ring (8) and the ball ring (7) is adjusted by means of the bolt (4) on the first connecting member (2); The inclination of the bottom plate (1) is adjusted according to the soil settlement curve to conform to the soil deformation in the settlement curve.

2. The method for simulating differential deformation of soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 also includes: locking and fixing the section with gentle settlement changes with bolts so that adjacent bottom plates (1) form a combined body to share the same settlement control assembly (3).

3. The method for simulating differential deformation of soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 also includes: in the section where the settlement changes drastically, an independent settlement control component (3) is provided under each bottom plate (1) for control.

4. A device for simulating differential deformation of soil for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: A plurality of bottom plates (1) are used to simulate differential deformation of surface soil, and the sides of the bottom plates are respectively provided with X-axis bottom plate reserved holes (14) and Y-axis bottom plate reserved holes (13) to achieve expansion in two directions, and the lower surface of the bottom plates (1) is provided with settlement control component connection reserved holes (15); A first connecting member (2) is connected between adjacent base plates (1) to adjust relative displacement and rotation between the base plates (1); as well as, A sedimentation control component (3) is connected to the bottom plate (1) and is used to control the sedimentation of the bottom plate (1).

5. The device for simulating soil differential deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second connecting member (17) is provided between the sedimentation control component (3) and the bottom plate (1); the second connecting member (17) has the same structure as the first connecting member (2); and the sedimentation control component (3) and the bottom plate (1) are connected via the second connecting member (17).

6. The device for simulating soil differential deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first connecting member (2) comprises: A first shaft cylinder (5) having a first spring (9) disposed therein, a ball ring (7) disposed on the protruding end of the first shaft cylinder (5), and a first connecting plate fixed on the fixed end of the first shaft cylinder (5); A second shaft cylinder (6) having a second spring (10) disposed therein, a hinge ring (8) disposed on the protruding end of the second shaft cylinder (6), and a second connecting plate fixed on the fixed end of the second shaft cylinder (6); The ball ring (7) and the hinge ring (8) are engaged and rotated with a gap left therebetween, so as to limit the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the bottom plate (1); The arrangement of the first spring (9) and the second spring (10) enables a relative displacement to occur between adjacent bottom plates (1), so that the adjacent bottom plates (1) can be displaced relative to each other under the action of the sedimentation control assembly (3); The ball ring (7) is provided with a bolt (4) for adjusting the tightness between the ball ring and the hinge ring. The ball ring (7) is provided with at least two limiting grooves for limiting the rotation of the ball ring (7).

7. The device for simulating soil differential deformation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The settlement control assembly comprises: An electric jack (11) is used to control the lifting and lowering of the base plate (1), and a third connecting plate is provided at the protruding end of the electric jack; An electric jack base plate (12) is arranged at a fixed end of the electric jack (11) to support the electric jack (11); The third connecting plate is connected to the settlement control component (3), and the settlement control component (3) is used to control the inclination angle of the bottom plate (1).

8. The device for simulating soil differential deformation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third connecting plate is connected to a second connecting member (17), and the electric jack (11) is connected to the base plate (1) via the second connecting member (17).

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