Three-dimensional display device and display equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional display device and display equipment, and the three-dimensional display device comprises a display assembly which employs a plurality of pixel units for image display, and a first lens assembly which is located at one side of a light-emitting surface of the display assembly, and the first lens assembly comprises a plurality of lens units. The lens units and the pixel units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode. Each lens unit comprises a first lens assembly comprising a plurality of lens units, and the first lens assembly and the pixel units of the display assembly are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode. Each lens unit comprises a first lens and a second lens, the design parameters of the lens units are determined or optimized according to the target angular resolution, and a plurality of refracting surfaces which are formed by the first lenses and the second lenses and are connected in series are used for carrying out primary and secondary angle adjustment on emergent light rays respectively, so that the angular resolution is effectively optimized to the target angular resolution; the direction and angle of light are accurately controlled, and the problem of crosstalk between views in the naked eye 3D display process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of three-dimensional display technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional display device and a display equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, three-dimensional display technology has gradually been applied in various scenarios. Among them, naked-eye three-dimensional display technology (naked-eye 3D display technology) allows users to see three-dimensional images without wearing any equipment, and has a wide range of application scenarios. Naked-eye 3D display includes two different basic methods: one is to display perspective images of multiple perspectives for multiple viewers across the width of the viewing area, that is, to generate multiple real or virtual optical images to provide a sense of depth; the other is to present two images of different perspectives to the left and right eyes of the audience, so as to provide the audience with a sense of depth through binocular parallax.

[0003] When applying the above two methods for naked-eye 3D display, crosstalk is a problem in the display process. In the first method mentioned above, when images from multiple perspectives are displayed within the field of view, crosstalk between views becomes a problem, that is, the light that should have passed through a certain point in the field of view is dispersed, so that when the point is far away from the screen plane, the image appears blurred, which results in poor depth of field; in the second method mentioned above, crosstalk is manifested as inter-eye crosstalk, which means that the light that should have entered one eye of the user enters the other eye, which may cause discomfort to the audience and make binocular image fusion difficult. Therefore, how to reduce crosstalk during naked-eye 3D display is an issue that needs to be considered in the design process of the display device. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a three-dimensional display device and a display apparatus, aiming to reduce the degree of crosstalk during the three-dimensional display process.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a three-dimensional display device, the three-dimensional display device comprising:

[0006] A display component, the display component comprising a plurality of pixel units;

[0007] A first lens assembly, wherein the first lens assembly is located on a light-emitting surface side of the display assembly;

[0008] The first lens assembly includes a plurality of lens units, the focal points of the plurality of lens units are located in the same plane, the plurality of lens units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pixel units, and the focal length of the lens unit is determined according to the thickness of the display assembly;

[0009] The lens unit includes a first lens and a second lens, the first lens and the second lens form a plurality of refractive surfaces connected in series, and the first lens is located between the second lens and the display assembly;

[0010] The refractive surface of the first lens performs preliminary angle adjustment on the outgoing light from the display component to obtain a first outgoing light;

[0011] The refractive surface of the second lens performs secondary angular adjustment on the first outgoing light from the first lens to adjust the angular resolution of the three-dimensional display device to a target angular resolution, wherein the target angular resolution is greater than a preset angular resolution threshold, and the design parameters of the lens unit are determined according to the target angular resolution.

[0012] The device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the display component also includes a front substrate and a rear substrate, the multiple pixel units are arranged between the front substrate and the rear substrate, the front substrate includes a light emitting surface of the display component, the rear substrate is located on a side of the front substrate away from the light emitting surface, and the focal points of the multiple lens units are located on the rear substrate.

[0013] In some embodiments, a side of the second lens for receiving the outgoing light from the first lens includes an aperture, and the aperture is used to block stray light from entering the second lens, wherein the stray light is the outgoing light of the first outgoing light whose angle is not within a preset angle range.

[0014] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional display device further includes:

[0015] a backlight assembly, the backlight assembly being located at a side of the display assembly away from the first lens assembly and being used for providing backlight to the display assembly;

[0016] A second lens assembly, the second lens assembly is located between the backlight assembly and the display assembly, and the second lens assembly includes a first lens array and a second lens array;

[0017] The first lens array is used to receive the outgoing light from the backlight assembly and collimate the outgoing light from the backlight assembly;

[0018] The second lens array is used to receive the outgoing light from the first lens array and focus the outgoing light from the first lens array onto a common plane, where the common plane is the plane where the focal points of the plurality of lens units are located.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second lens array includes a plurality of micro lenses, and the plurality of micro lenses are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of lens units;

[0020] The three-dimensional display device further includes:

[0021] A third lens assembly is located on the common plane and is used to focus and guide the outgoing light from each microlens in the second lens array to the lens unit corresponding to the first lens assembly.

[0022] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional display device further includes:

[0023] A fourth lens assembly, the fourth lens assembly is located on one side of the light-emitting surface of the first lens assembly, and the fourth lens assembly is used to focus the emitted light from the first lens assembly at a preset distance from the three-dimensional display device.

[0024] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional display device further includes:

[0025] A backlight assembly, the backlight assembly is located at a side of the display assembly away from the lens assembly, and is used to provide backlight to the display assembly;

[0026] A human eye tracking component, the human eye tracking component is arranged on the backlight component, and the human eye tracking component is used to collect real-time position information of the human eye within the viewing area of ​​the three-dimensional display device;

[0027] A control component is communicatively connected with the human eye tracking component, and is used to obtain the real-time position information and control the lighting area of ​​the backlight component according to the real-time position information.

[0028] In some embodiments, the display assembly is used to alternately display the left-eye image and the right-eye image at a preset frequency, and the backlight assembly includes a plurality of longitudinal light strips arranged in parallel;

[0029] The control component includes a first processing unit and a second processing unit;

[0030] The first processing unit is used to determine a first exit pupil area corresponding to the left eye position and a second exit pupil area corresponding to the right eye position according to the real-time position information, and the visual area range includes the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area;

[0031] The second processing unit is used for controlling the first longitudinal light strip in the backlight assembly to illuminate while the display assembly displays the left eye image, wherein the first longitudinal light strip is a longitudinal light strip in the backlight assembly used for forming the first exit pupil area;

[0032] While the display component displays the right eye image, the second longitudinal light strip in the backlight component is controlled to illuminate, where the second longitudinal light strip is a longitudinal light strip in the backlight component used to form the second exit pupil area.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first lens and the second lens are bonded to each other by an optically transparent adhesive, and the refractive index of the optically transparent adhesive is lower than a preset refractive index threshold.

[0034] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display device, which includes the three-dimensional display device provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present application, a three-dimensional display device includes a display component that uses a plurality of pixel units to display an image and a first lens component located on one side of a light-emitting surface of the display component, wherein the first lens component includes a plurality of lens units, and the plurality of lens units are arranged in parallel in the form of an array, so that their focal points are all located in the same plane, and each lens unit is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each pixel unit. Each lens unit includes the three-dimensional display device, which is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with a pixel unit of the display component by introducing a first lens component including a plurality of lens units.

[0036] Each lens unit includes a first lens and a second lens. The design parameters of the lens unit are determined or optimized according to the target angular resolution. The multiple refractive surfaces connected in series formed by the first lens and the second lens respectively perform preliminary and secondary angle adjustments on the outgoing light, thereby effectively optimizing the angular resolution to the target angular resolution. In this way, the three-dimensional display device adds a first lens component in the light propagation path to accurately control the direction and angle of the light, making the light distribution between images of different viewing angles clearer, and effectively reducing the crosstalk problem between views during the naked-eye 3D display process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a brightness curve of the left eye image channel and the right eye image channel;

[0040] Figure 4 is another structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 is another structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of

[0043] Figure 7is a structural schematic diagram of a second lens assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a viewing area range of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig. 9 is another schematic diagram of the viewing area range of the three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.11 is another structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.13 is another structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the signal path and light path of the three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0052] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0053] The following is a detailed description of the three-dimensional display device and display equipment provided in the embodiments of the present application through specific embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0054] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lens unit provided in the embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a three-dimensional display device, comprising:

[0055] A display component 25, the display component 25 includes a plurality of pixel units 22;

[0056] A first lens assembly 29, the first lens assembly 29 is located on a light emitting surface side of the display assembly 25;

[0057] The first lens assembly 29 includes a plurality of lens units 29a, the focal points of the plurality of lens units 29a are located in the same plane, the plurality of lens units 29a are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pixel units 22, and the focal length of the lens unit 29a is determined according to the thickness of the display assembly 25;

[0058] The lens unit 29a includes a first lens 39 and a second lens 42. The first lens 39 and the second lens 42 form a plurality of refractive surfaces 43, 44, 45, 46 connected in series. The first lens 39 is located between the second lens 42 and the display assembly 25.

[0059] The refractive surfaces 43 and 44 of the first lens 39 perform preliminary angle adjustment on the outgoing light from the display assembly 25 to obtain a first outgoing light;

[0060] The refractive surfaces 45 and 46 of the second lens 42 perform secondary angular adjustment on the first outgoing light from the first lens 39 to adjust the angular resolution of the three-dimensional display device to a target angular resolution. The target angular resolution is greater than a preset angular resolution threshold, and the design parameters of the lens unit 29a are determined based on the target angular resolution.

[0061] Crosstalk is a problem in the 3D display process. In multi-view display devices (i.e., perspective images with multiple viewpoints are displayed to multiple viewers across the width of the viewing area), when multiple viewpoint images are displayed within the field of view, crosstalk between views becomes a problem, i.e., light that should have passed through a certain point in the field of view is dispersed, so that when the point is far away from the plane of the screen, the image appears blurred, which results in poor depth of field, which is a major problem for such display devices. In dual-image display devices (which present two images with different viewpoints to the left and right eyes of the viewer), crosstalk between eyes refers to light that should have entered one eye of the viewer but entered the other eye. This problem is more serious in such display devices because it can cause discomfort to the viewer and make it difficult to fuse the binocular images. Figure 3It is a brightness curve of the left eye image channel and the right eye image channel. The left eye image is the image presented to the left eye, and the right eye image is the image presented to the right eye. Figure 3 As shown, the positions of the left eye and the right eye are indicated by 12 and 13, respectively. The left exit pupil area (the image formed by the aperture stop 41 of the optical system in the image space of the optical system is called the "exit pupil" of the system, and the complete image on the display device can be seen in the exit pupil area) is obtained by displaying a given brightness on the left eye image channel and zero brightness on the right eye image channel. Then, the right exit pupil area is obtained by displaying the same brightness on the right eye image channel and zero brightness on the left eye image channel.

[0062] The left eye crosstalk strength is calculated by dividing the brightness 17 of the right channel brightness curve 16 at the left eye position 12 by the brightness 19 of the left channel brightness curve 15 at the left eye position 12. The right eye crosstalk strength is calculated by dividing the brightness 18 of the left channel brightness curve 15 at the right eye position 13 by the brightness 20 of the right channel brightness curve 16 at the right eye position 3.

[0063] The three-dimensional display device provided in the embodiment of the present application realizes precise control of light and optimizes the display effect through the synergy of the display component 25 and the first lens component 29. The display component 25 is composed of a plurality of pixel units 22, which generate basic image information for naked eye three-dimensional display. Exemplarily, the display component 25 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD, Liquid Crystal Display).

[0064] The first lens assembly 29 located on the light-emitting side of the display assembly 25 (i.e., the viewer side) includes a plurality of lens units 29a, the focal points of which are located on the same plane (the plane is referred to as the common plane 28), i.e., the axes of the plurality of lens units 29a are parallel, and the plurality of lens units 29a are arranged in parallel. Moreover, each lens unit 29a is arranged one-to-one with each pixel unit 22 in the display assembly 25, and the positions are aligned, i.e., the pitch between each lens unit 29a in the first lens assembly 29 is completely matched with the interval between the plurality of pixel units 22. Through this corresponding relationship, the outgoing light of each pixel unit 22 is managed separately to ensure the directionality and accuracy of light propagation.

[0065] The various design parameters of the lens unit 29a are determined according to the target angular resolution of the three-dimensional display device expected by the design requirements, so that the angular resolution of the three-dimensional display device can be adjusted to the target angular resolution by the first lens assembly 29. Specifically, the debugging and determination of the various design parameters of the lens unit 29a can be achieved by optimizing the various parameters in the optical application equation. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the target angular resolution can be determined according to the application requirements of the three-dimensional display device or the maximum allowable crosstalk intensity.

[0066] Angular resolution refers to the ability of an optical system to distinguish between two close objects or differences in viewing angles. In simple terms, angular resolution measures the ability of an optical system to distinguish the minimum angle between two light sources or images. Therefore, the various design parameters of the lens unit 29a are designed so that the angular resolution of the three-dimensional display device is optimized and the target angular resolution is achieved, which enables the three-dimensional display device to more accurately control the direction and angle of light, making the light distribution between images of different viewing angles clearer, thereby effectively reducing crosstalk.

[0067] The basis for determining the various design parameters of the lens unit 29a may also include the size of the field of view range (the range in which the viewer can observe the complete image) and other design requirements, so that the field of view range size of the three-dimensional display device can reach the desired target level and parameter standards specified by other design requirements.

[0068] Each lens unit 29a is composed of a first lens 39 and a second lens 42, which are connected in series to form a multi-level refractive surface 43, 44, 45, 46. The first lens 39 is located between the display component 25 and the second lens 42, and is mainly responsible for the task of preliminary adjustment. For example, the light emitted by a certain pixel unit 22 in the display component 25 may be emitted at a variety of angles. The first lens 39 uses its specially designed refractive surfaces 43 and 44 to make preliminary angle adjustments to these emitted light rays, making them more concentrated or biased in a specific direction. For example, if the original emitted light is diffused within a range of ±10 degrees after being emitted from the pixel unit 22, the first lens 39 can adjust it to a range of ±5 degrees, providing a basis for subsequent processing.

[0069] The adjusted light (first outgoing light) then enters the second lens 42, whose refractive surfaces 45 and 46 perform secondary angle optimization on the light output by the first lens 39, and further adjust the light to the target angular resolution. For example, if the angular resolution of the light after the initial adjustment is 1 degree, the second lens 42 can be further optimized to make the final angular resolution of the light reach the target value, such as 0.1 degree, thereby achieving a better angular resolution and a clearer three-dimensional image. This step-by-step adjustment design can reduce the deviation of light during propagation and effectively reduce the problem of crosstalk between views.

[0070] In addition, the focal length of the lens unit 29a is designed according to the thickness of the display assembly 25, so that the focus of the lens unit 29a falls on the back of the display assembly 25 (i.e., the bottom surface of the display assembly 25 away from the light-emitting surface), that is, the common plane 28 is the back of the display assembly 25. This is because after the light is emitted from the back of the display assembly 25, it will pass through the display assembly 25, and the optical path length in the display assembly 25 will affect the angle and position of the light reaching the lens unit 29a. If the thickness of the display assembly 25 does not match the focal length of the lens unit 29a, it will affect the direction of the light projected from the lens and will not meet the design goal, and ultimately cause the image to be out of focus or blurred in the viewing area.

[0071] In a traditional cylindrical lens display device, light from a point on the common plane 28 may pass through multiple lenses, resulting in repeated view groups in the central area and on both sides of the field of view. This repetition can lead to a confusing viewing experience because viewers may see repeated images in certain positions instead of the correct stereoscopic effect. In the embodiment of the present application, each lens unit 29a is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the pixel unit 22, and the focal length of the lens unit 29a is matched with the thickness of the display assembly 25 to ensure that light from a point on the common plane 28 only passes through the lens unit 29a directly in front of it, and does not enter the field of view of other lenses. This design effectively avoids the problem of repeated views on both sides of the central view group in the field of view, ensuring that the views seen at each position are accurate and independent.

[0072] The pixel unit 22 in the three-dimensional display device provided in the embodiment of the present application can be designed so that the red, green and blue pixels are arranged as horizontal strips. This arrangement can maintain color consistency over the width of the viewing area and avoid the problem of different areas displaying different colors. Since the color separation problem is fundamentally solved, the lens unit 29a does not need to be tilted, which simplifies the design of the lens and improves the consistency of the display effect.

[0073] The three-dimensional display device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a display component 25 that uses a plurality of pixel units 22 to display images and a first lens component 29 located on the light-emitting surface side of the display component 25. The first lens component 29 includes a plurality of lens units 29a, which are arranged in parallel in the form of an array, so that their focal points are all located in the same plane, and each lens unit 29a is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each pixel unit 22. Each lens unit 29a includes the first lens component 29 including a plurality of lens units 29a, which is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the pixel unit 22 of the display component 25.

[0074] Each lens unit 29a includes a first lens 39 and a second lens 42. The design parameters of the lens unit 29a are determined or optimized according to the target angular resolution. The multiple refractive surfaces 43, 44, 45, and 46 connected in series formed by the first lens 39 and the second lens 42 respectively perform preliminary and secondary angle adjustments on the outgoing light, thereby effectively optimizing the angular resolution to the target angular resolution. In this way, the three-dimensional display device adds the first lens assembly 29 in the light propagation path to accurately control the direction and angle of the light, so that the light distribution between images of different viewing angles is clearer, and the crosstalk problem between views in the naked-eye 3D display process is effectively reduced.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first lens 39 and the second lens 42 are bonded together by an optically transparent adhesive, and the refractive index of the optically transparent adhesive is lower than a preset refractive index threshold.

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, in other lenses similar to the lens unit 29a provided in the embodiment of the present application, the central area 40 is usually an air gap. However, in the embodiment of the present application, the central area 40 is filled with an optically transparent adhesive, that is, the optically transparent adhesive is used to bond the first lens 39 and the second lens 42. In order to reduce the influence of the optically transparent adhesive on the light adjustment effect of the lens unit 29a, the refractive index of the optically transparent adhesive should be as low as possible, lower than the preset refractive index threshold.

[0077] In some embodiments, the display component 25 also includes a front substrate 24 and a rear substrate 23, a plurality of pixel units 22 are disposed between the front substrate 24 and the rear substrate 23, the front substrate 24 includes a light emitting surface of the display component 25, the rear substrate 23 is located on the side of the front substrate 24 away from the light emitting surface, and the focal points of the plurality of lens units 29a are located on the rear substrate 23.

[0078] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 In this embodiment, the display assembly 25 includes a front substrate 24 and a rear substrate 23, and a plurality of pixel units 22 are arranged between the front substrate 24 and the rear substrate 23. The front substrate 24 constitutes the light-emitting surface of the display assembly 25, that is, the light is emitted from the front substrate 24 and enters the eyes of the observer, and the rear substrate 23 is located on the opposite side of the light-emitting surface of the front substrate 24. The focal points of the plurality of lens units 29a fall on the bottom surface of the rear substrate 23, that is, in this embodiment, the thickness of the display assembly 25 is consistent with the focal length of the lens unit 29a, and the common plane 28 is the bottom surface of the rear substrate 23.

[0079] Specifically, the front substrate 24 and the rear substrate 23 are continuous layers based on glass sheets, and there are other layers before and after, such as polarizers, color filters or touch screens, etc., but for clarity, these layers are not shown in the figure. The first lens assembly 29 can be arranged on the flexible substrate, and the first lens assembly 29 contacts the front substrate 24.

[0080] In some embodiments, a side of the second lens 42 for receiving the outgoing light from the first lens 39 includes an aperture 41, and the aperture 41 is used to block stray light from entering the second lens 42, wherein the stray light is the outgoing light whose angle in the first outgoing light is not within the preset angle range.

[0081] See also Figure 2 In this embodiment, in order to further optimize the propagation path of light and the display effect, a second lens 42 is designed with an aperture 41 on one side for receiving the outgoing light from the first lens 39. The function of the aperture 41 is to screen and constrain the light entering the second lens 42, and its main function is to block the entry of stray light, thereby ensuring that only light that meets specific angle requirements is allowed to pass. Specifically, these stray light rays refer to those light rays in the first outgoing light rays whose angles do not belong to the preset angle range (it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the preset angle range can be determined by continuous debugging through optical application equations according to design requirements, and the design parameters of the aperture 41 can be determined according to the preset angle range). If these stray light rays are not blocked from entering the second lens 42, the light propagation path may be disturbed, thereby causing blur or interference of the image, thereby affecting the quality of the three-dimensional display.

[0082] By setting the aperture 41 on one side of the second lens 42, unnecessary light interference can be effectively reduced, thereby optimizing the adjustment process of angular resolution. For example, after the first lens 39 performs a preliminary angle adjustment on the light from the display component 25, a portion of the light may deviate from the designed preset angle range due to scattering or reflection. If these light rays are directly introduced into the second lens 42, clutter will be formed in the light path, reducing the clarity and contrast of the image. The aperture 41 selectively allows light that meets the preset angle range to enter the second lens 42 through precise design parameters, while shielding stray light from the outside. This process ensures the light quality of the secondary angle adjustment.

[0083] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 is another structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. In some implementations, the three-dimensional display device further includes:

[0084] A backlight assembly 31, which is located on a side of the display assembly 25 away from the first lens assembly 29 and is used to provide backlight to the display assembly 25;

[0085] A second lens assembly, the second lens assembly is located between the backlight assembly 31 and the display assembly 25, and the second lens assembly includes a first lens array 32 and a second lens array 33;

[0086] The first lens array 32 is used to receive the outgoing light from the backlight assembly 31 and collimate the outgoing light from the backlight assembly 31;

[0087] The second lens array 33 is used to receive the outgoing light from the first lens array 32 and focus the outgoing light from the first lens array 32 onto a common plane 28 , where the common plane 28 is the plane where the focal points of the plurality of lens units 29 a are located.

[0088] In this embodiment, the three-dimensional display device further includes a backlight assembly 31 and a second lens assembly to improve display performance and optimize light management. The backlight assembly 31 is located on the side of the display assembly 25 away from the first lens assembly 29, and its main function is to provide uniform backlight illumination for the display assembly 25, thereby providing a stable light source support for the light emission of the pixel unit 22.

[0089] The second lens assembly is arranged between the backlight assembly 31 and the display assembly 25, and is used to perform precise optical processing on the light from the backlight assembly 31. The second lens assembly is composed of a first lens array 32 and a second lens array 33, and the two lens arrays cooperate with each other to optimize the quality of the backlight by adjusting the light in stages. Specifically, the first lens array 32 receives the outgoing light from the backlight assembly 31 and performs collimation processing on the light. The purpose of the collimation processing is to adjust the scattered light emitted by the backlight assembly 31 into parallel light with a more consistent direction, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the light and avoiding unnecessary light scattering.

[0090] After the light passes through the first lens array 32, these collimated light rays will enter the second lens array 33. The function of the second lens array 33 is to further focus the outgoing light rays of the first lens array 32 to the common plane 28 (the plane where the focal points of multiple lens units 29a are located). The second lens array 33 can be composed of micro lenses arranged corresponding to the lens units 29a. That is, the first lens array 32 cooperates with the second lens array 33 to form a relay lens system to transmit the outgoing light rays emitted by the backlight assembly 31 to the common plane 28. On this common plane 28, the image is used as a high-resolution light source, and the outgoing light rays are guided to the observer with high angular resolution through the first lens assembly 29 to ensure lower crosstalk. This arrangement ensures that the light can be concentrated to the optimal position when it reaches the display assembly 25, thereby enhancing the optical performance of the pixel unit 22, and ensuring that the light emitted from the display assembly 25 can be efficiently adjusted and utilized by the first lens assembly 29.

[0091] See also Figure 5 , Figure 53 is another structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The first lens array 32 may be composed of a cylindrical lens array. However, this selection may cause a visible boundary between the lenses of the first lens array 32 and the lenses of the second lens array 33 due to the curvature or edge protrusion of the cylindrical lenses. Therefore, the following is used: Figure 5 The Fresnel lenses shown forming the first lens array 32 can alleviate this problem to minimize the gap between the first lens array 32 and the second lens array 33 .

[0092] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of Figure 6 It can be seen that the first lens array 32 is designed as a Fresnel lens, so that the lenses in the first lens array 32 and the lenses in the second lens array 33 having the same pitch contact each other at the edge faces of the lenses in the first lens array 32, thereby minimizing the gap between the first lens array 32 and the second lens array 33.

[0093] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second lens assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application. The lenses in the first lens array 32 and the lenses in the second lens array 33 can be simplified by combining the two into one lens. The function of the lenses in the first lens array 32 is realized by the facet structure, and the function of the lenses in the second lens array 33 is realized by the curved surface of the facet. This can reduce the manufacturing cost, eliminate the operation of aligning the two structured surfaces, and minimize the phenomenon of light deviation at the facet boundary.

[0094] Through this design, the backlight assembly 31, the first lens array 32 and the second lens array 33 together constitute an efficient light source management system. Not only can it provide uniform and directional light, but it can also achieve the best distribution of light in the display assembly 25. This optical optimization significantly improves the display effect and ensures that the three-dimensional display device has stronger performance when generating naked-eye three-dimensional images with a strong sense of depth and high resolution. At the same time, due to the precise setting of the common plane 28, the energy loss and light deviation in the optical system are further reduced, providing more stable and reliable support for the practical application of the device.

[0095] In some embodiments, the second lens array 33 includes a plurality of micro lenses, and the plurality of micro lenses are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of lens units 29a;

[0096] The three-dimensional display device further comprises:

[0097] The third lens assembly 34 is located on the common plane 28 and is used to focus and guide the outgoing light from each microlens in the second lens array 33 to the lens unit 29 a corresponding to the first lens assembly 29 .

[0098] See also Figure 4 In this embodiment, the design of the second lens array 33 is further refined, including a plurality of micro lenses, and these micro lenses are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of lens units 29a in the first lens assembly 29. This correspondence ensures that the light emitted from the second lens array 33 can accurately enter the lens unit 29a of the first lens assembly 29, avoiding the scattering and loss of light, and improving the overall matching and efficiency of the optical system.

[0099] In order to achieve more precise light control, the three-dimensional display device also includes a third lens assembly 34. The third lens assembly 34 is arranged on the common plane 28, and its function is to receive the outgoing light from each microlens in the second lens array 33, and further focus and guide these light rays so that they can accurately enter the corresponding lens unit 29a in the first lens assembly 29. The third lens assembly 34 can be composed of microlenses arranged one by one corresponding to each microlens in the second lens array 33. For example, after the light emitted by the backlight assembly 31 is collimated by the first lens array 32 and focused by the second lens array 33, these light rays will form multiple focal points on the common plane 28. The third lens assembly 34 ensures that the light rays can enter the corresponding lens unit 29a in the first lens assembly 29 without deviation by further adjusting the propagation direction and focusing position of these light rays.

[0100] In this way, through the synergistic effect of multiple micro lenses and the third lens assembly 34, a high degree of controllability and precision of the light path is achieved. The one-to-one correspondence between each micro lens and the lens unit 29a enables the light to maintain consistency in the process of reaching the first lens assembly 29 from the backlight assembly 31, while reducing the scattering and crosstalk of the light. The addition of the third lens assembly 34 further optimizes the propagation path of the light, which not only improves the efficiency of the optical system, but also enhances the imaging effect and display quality of the three-dimensional display device.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that when the second lens in the lens unit 29a is provided with the aperture 41 as described in the aforementioned embodiment, the aperture 41 can block light whose angles are not within the preset angle range, so that the selection of the third lens assembly 34 can be more flexible.

[0102] Those skilled in the art can also understand that, for a 4K display screen, the number of individual units composed of the microlenses of the second lens array 33, the microlenses of the third lens assembly 34, and the lens unit 29a, these three lens structures, will reach about 4,000, which is the same as the number of pixel units 22 of the display assembly 25. The 4,000 units can be divided into multiple groups, and the number of units in each group is determined by multiple factors, such as lens aberrations, the overall thickness of the display device, and the depth of the viewing area.

[0103] See also Figure 4 In some embodiments, the three-dimensional display device further includes:

[0104] The fourth lens assembly 35 is located on one side of the light-emitting surface of the first lens assembly 29 . The fourth lens assembly 35 is used to focus the emitted light from the first lens assembly 29 at a preset distance from the three-dimensional display device.

[0105] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a viewing area range of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The viewing area range of the three-dimensional display device can be expressed by multiple parameters, such as the closest viewing distance 4 and the farthest viewing distance 5, the height 6 and the viewing angle 7 of the viewing area range.

[0106] Exemplarily, the closest viewing distance 4 is 1.5 meters, the farthest viewing distance 5 is 3.5 meters, the height 6 of the viewing area range is 1.5 meters, and the viewing angle 7 is 60 degrees. The expected application range of the three-dimensional display device using the above parameters includes display devices with diagonal panels of 17 inches to about 100 inches; displays smaller than 17 inches are unlikely to be viewed by more than one viewer, and displays larger than about 100 inches are difficult to separate the left eye and the right eye due to the long viewing distance. These limitations indicate that the three-dimensional display device using the above parameters is targeted at application scenarios of 2 to about 5 or 6 users, and the users are located within a range of less than 3.5 meters from the three-dimensional display device, that is, suitable for monitors, offices and home scenarios.

[0107] Fig. 9 is another schematic diagram of the viewing area range of the three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application, Fig. 9 Figure a in the figure is a schematic diagram of the viewing range when the three-dimensional display device provided in the embodiment of the present application does not include the fourth lens assembly 35, Fig. 9 FIG. b in FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the viewing range of the three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application when the fourth lens assembly 35 is included. As shown in FIG. a, if the three-dimensional display device does not include the fourth lens assembly 35, the axial light rays 47 on both sides of the three-dimensional display device will intersect at infinity, and the viewing range of the three-dimensional display device (at Fig. 9 The dark gray area in Figure a) is smaller.

[0108] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Fig.10 as well as Fig. 9 As shown in FIG. b, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional display device further includes a fourth lens assembly 35, which may be a large cylindrical Fresnel field lens, located on one side of the light-emitting surface of the first lens assembly 29, and used to focus the outgoing light from the first lens assembly 29 at a preset distance 53 from the three-dimensional display device. Therefore, the focal length of the fourth lens assembly 35 may be determined according to the preset distance 53.

[0109] After the three-dimensional display device includes the fourth lens assembly 35, the viewing area range of the three-dimensional display device (in Fig. 9 The image will not be out of focus when the viewer is at a preset distance 53 from the 3D display device; however, if the viewer is at another distance 52 from the 3D display device, the image viewed in the light beam area with a width of 56 as shown by arrow 54 will be somewhat out of focus.

[0110] The fourth lens assembly 35 focuses the light to a preset distance 53 from the three-dimensional display device, so that the light from different angles can be gathered into a relatively small area, which not only reduces the diffusion of the light beam (the diffusion of the light beam can be calculated in combination with the parameters of the fourth lens assembly 35 and other components of the three-dimensional display device), but also expands the viewing area. Through precise focusing, the fourth lens assembly 35 ensures that the image is still clear even when viewed within a larger range, thereby expanding the viewing area.

[0111] Fig.11 This is another structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0112] like Fig.11 As shown, in some embodiments, the three-dimensional display device further includes:

[0113] A backlight assembly 31, which is located at a side of the display assembly 25 away from the lens assembly and is used to provide backlight to the display assembly 25;

[0114] The human eye tracking component 10 is disposed on the backlight component 31 and is used to collect real-time position information of the human eye within the viewing area of ​​the three-dimensional display device;

[0115] The control component 11 is connected to the human eye tracking component 10 for communication. The control component 11 is used to obtain real-time position information and control the lighting area of ​​the backlight component 31 according to the real-time position information.

[0116] In this embodiment, the three-dimensional display device further includes a backlight assembly 31, an eye tracking assembly 10, and a control assembly 11. The backlight assembly 31 is located on the side of the display assembly 25 away from the lens assembly (the display assembly 25 and other components of the three-dimensional display device are on the same side). Fig.11 The main function of the backlight assembly 10 is to provide the necessary backlight for the display assembly 25, ensure the brightness and uniformity of the displayed image, and thus provide a stable light source for naked-eye three-dimensional display. The human eye tracking assembly 10 is arranged on the backlight assembly 31, and its function is to collect the position of the human eye in the visual area of ​​the three-dimensional display device in real time. Through this design, the three-dimensional display device can track the position of the eye in real time according to the user's perspective, thereby providing key position information for the display device, ensuring that the user can always view the three-dimensional image at the best perspective.

[0117] The control component 11 is connected to the eye tracking component 10 for communication, and obtains the real-time position information provided by the eye tracking component 10. Based on this position information, the control component 11 can accurately control the lighting area of ​​the backlight component 31, and adjust the brightness and direction of the backlight, so that the displayed image maintains the best visual effect at different viewing angles. For example, when the eye tracking component 10 detects that the viewer's line of sight deviates from the center of the screen, the control component 11 can adjust the distribution of the backlight according to the viewer's real-time viewpoint to adapt to the user's perspective change, ensuring that the depth and clarity of the three-dimensional image are not affected. Through this dynamic adjustment mechanism, the three-dimensional display device can not only enhance the user experience, but also effectively reduce energy waste, and improve the stability of the display effect and visual comfort.

[0118] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a backlight assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, Fig.13 This is another structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0119] See also Figure 11-13 , in some embodiments, the display component 25 is used to alternately display the left-eye image and the right-eye image according to a preset frequency, and the backlight component 31 includes a plurality of longitudinal light strips 36 arranged in parallel;

[0120] The control component 11 includes a first processing unit and a second processing unit;

[0121] The first processing unit is used to determine a first exit pupil area 12 corresponding to the left eye position and a second exit pupil area 13 corresponding to the right eye position according to the real-time position information, and the visual area includes the first exit pupil area 12 and the second exit pupil area 13;

[0122] The second processing unit is used to control the first longitudinal light strip 36 (a) in the backlight assembly 31 to illuminate while the display assembly 25 displays the left eye image. The first longitudinal light strip 36 (a) is the longitudinal light strip 36 in the backlight assembly 31 for forming the first exit pupil area 12;

[0123] While the display component 25 displays the right eye image, the second longitudinal light strip 36 ( b ) in the backlight component 31 is controlled to illuminate. The second longitudinal light strip 36 ( b ) is the longitudinal light strip 36 in the backlight component 31 for forming the second exit pupil area 13 .

[0124] In this embodiment, the 3D display device is a dual-image display device (presenting two images of different viewing angles to the left and right eyes of the viewer), and the display component 25 is designed to alternately display the left-eye image and the right-eye image at a preset frequency, thereby providing the user with a naked-eye 3D display effect. Since the display component 25 can only display the left-eye image or the right-eye image at any time, the left-eye image or the right-eye image can be alternately displayed at a preset frequency of 120 Hz, which is higher than the traditional display frequency (60 Hz).

[0125] The eye tracking component 10 is installed above the center of the backlight component 31 and the display component 25. The real-time position information output by the eye tracking component 10 is used by the control component 11 to control the backlight illumination, thereby forming an exit pupil area in the field of view, including a left exit pupil area, i.e., a first exit pupil area 12 and a right exit pupil area, i.e., a second exit pupil area 13, which are located near the viewer's eyes.

[0126] In order to support this alternating display, the backlight assembly 31 is composed of a plurality of parallel longitudinal light strips 36, which provide the necessary backlight illumination to ensure the brightness and uniformity of the image display. The control assembly 11 includes a first processing unit and a second processing unit, which are responsible for processing the real-time position information of the human eye and controlling the illumination area of ​​the backlight assembly 31, respectively. The first processing unit obtains the real-time position information of the human eye to determine the first exit pupil area 12 corresponding to the left eye position and the second exit pupil area 13 corresponding to the right eye position, both of which are located within the viewing area of ​​the three-dimensional display device.

[0127] On this basis, the second processing unit is responsible for controlling the first longitudinal light strip 36(a) in the backlight assembly 31 to illuminate when the display assembly 25 displays the left eye image. The first longitudinal light strip 36(a) is a light strip in the backlight assembly 31 specifically used to form the first exit pupil area 12. Its function is to ensure that the image seen from the left eye position can obtain correct backlight support to avoid uneven image brightness or distortion caused by viewing angle deviation. When the display assembly 25 switches to display the right eye image, the second processing unit controls the second longitudinal light strip 36(b) in the backlight assembly 31 to illuminate. The second longitudinal light strip 36(b) is specifically used to form the second exit pupil area 13 to ensure that the image at the right eye position can also obtain appropriate backlight illumination (it can be understood by those skilled in the art that when there are multiple viewers, the number of the first longitudinal light strip 36(a) and the second longitudinal light strip 36(b) is multiple). This dynamic backlight adjustment mechanism ensures that the brightness of the image seen by each eye is consistent and clear through precise control, providing a good visual experience.

[0128] Through this solution, the display component 25 and the backlight component 31 work together to provide users with accurate light and image display at different viewing angles, optimizing the effect of naked-eye 3D display. At the same time, the backlight adjustment based on the real-time human eye position enables the display system to always ensure the clarity and comfort of the image when the user moves or changes the viewing angle, further improving the user's viewing experience.

[0129] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the signal path and light path of the three-dimensional display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0130] Based on the above multiple implementations, the signal path (i.e., the signal transmission process) and the optical path of the three-dimensional display device provided in the embodiment of the present application can be described in the following way:

[0131] like Fig.14As shown, the sensor (ii) of the human eye tracking component 10 detects the position of the viewer (i), and the real-time position information of the human eye output by the sensor (ii) is sent to the processor (iii) of the control component. The processor (iii) controls an illumination module (iv) comprising a two-dimensional white LED matrix. The illumination module (iv) is the backlight component 31. When the left-eye image and the right-eye image are displayed alternately, the LED illumination must be synchronized with the display component 25, i.e., the LCD (vi). This is achieved by obtaining a synchronization pulse from the LCD (vi) and letting the processor (iii) synchronize from it. The light output by the illumination module (iv) is transmitted to the LCD (vi) through the relay optical system (v), which is the second lens assembly and the third lens assembly 34. The light emitted from the illumination module (iv) has two basic parameters, x represents the distance from the left side of the three-dimensional display device, and θ represents the exit angle of the light in the horizontal direction. The optical path between the illumination module (iv) and the LCD (vi) is divided into independent channels, and there is no connection between them. For clarity, Fig.14 Five channels are shown, but in practice there may be more than 100. After the LCD (vi), the channels are combined into one image which is delivered to the viewer (i) by the converging optical system (vii), namely the first lens assembly 29 and the fourth lens assembly 35.

[0132] A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a display device, including the three-dimensional display apparatus provided by the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.

[0133] The display device provided in the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application can achieve the same beneficial effects as the three-dimensional display device provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0134] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0135] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

[0136] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional display device, characterized in that: The three-dimensional display device comprises: A display component, the display component comprising a plurality of pixel units; A first lens assembly, wherein the first lens assembly is located on a light-emitting surface side of the display assembly; The first lens assembly includes a plurality of lens units, the focal points of the plurality of lens units are located in the same plane, the plurality of lens units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pixel units, and the focal length of the lens unit is determined according to the thickness of the display assembly; The lens unit includes a first lens and a second lens, the first lens and the second lens form a plurality of refractive surfaces connected in series, and the first lens is located between the second lens and the display assembly; The refractive surface of the first lens performs preliminary angle adjustment on the outgoing light from the display component to obtain a first outgoing light; The refractive surface of the second lens performs secondary angular adjustment on the first outgoing light from the first lens to adjust the angular resolution of the three-dimensional display device to a target angular resolution, wherein the target angular resolution is greater than a preset angular resolution threshold, and the design parameters of the lens unit are determined according to the target angular resolution.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The display component also includes a front substrate and a rear substrate, the multiple pixel units are arranged between the front substrate and the rear substrate, the front substrate includes a light emitting surface of the display component, the rear substrate is located on the side of the front substrate away from the light emitting surface, and the focal points of the multiple lens units are located on the rear substrate.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that A side of the second lens for receiving the outgoing light from the first lens includes an aperture, and the aperture is used to block stray light from entering the second lens, wherein the stray light is the outgoing light of the first outgoing light whose light angle does not fall within a preset angle range.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The three-dimensional display device further includes: a backlight assembly, the backlight assembly being located at a side of the display assembly away from the first lens assembly and being used for providing backlight to the display assembly; A second lens assembly, the second lens assembly is located between the backlight assembly and the display assembly, and the second lens assembly includes a first lens array and a second lens array; The first lens array is used to receive the outgoing light from the backlight assembly and collimate the outgoing light from the backlight assembly; The second lens array is used to receive the outgoing light from the first lens array and focus the outgoing light from the first lens array onto a common plane, where the common plane is the plane where the focal points of the plurality of lens units are located.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The second lens array includes a plurality of micro lenses, and the plurality of micro lenses are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of lens units; The three-dimensional display device further includes: A third lens assembly is located on the common plane and is used to focus and guide the outgoing light from each microlens in the second lens array to the lens unit corresponding to the first lens assembly.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The three-dimensional display device further includes: A fourth lens assembly, the fourth lens assembly is located on one side of the light-emitting surface of the first lens assembly, and the fourth lens assembly is used to focus the emitted light from the first lens assembly at a preset distance from the three-dimensional display device.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The three-dimensional display device further includes: A backlight assembly, the backlight assembly is located at a side of the display assembly away from the lens assembly, and is used to provide backlight to the display assembly; A human eye tracking component, the human eye tracking component is arranged on the backlight component, and the human eye tracking component is used to collect real-time position information of the human eye within the viewing area of ​​the three-dimensional display device; A control component is communicatively connected with the human eye tracking component, and is used to obtain the real-time position information and control the lighting area of ​​the backlight component according to the real-time position information.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The display assembly is used to alternately display a left-eye image and a right-eye image at a preset frequency, and the backlight assembly includes a plurality of longitudinal light strips arranged in parallel; The control component includes a first processing unit and a second processing unit; The first processing unit is used to determine a first exit pupil area corresponding to the left eye position and a second exit pupil area corresponding to the right eye position according to the real-time position information, and the visual area range includes the first exit pupil area and the second exit pupil area; The second processing unit is used for controlling the first longitudinal light strip in the backlight assembly to illuminate while the display assembly displays the left eye image, wherein the first longitudinal light strip is a longitudinal light strip in the backlight assembly used for forming the first exit pupil area; While the display component displays the right eye image, the second longitudinal light strip in the backlight component is controlled to illuminate, where the second longitudinal light strip is a longitudinal light strip in the backlight component used to form the second exit pupil area.

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The first lens and the second lens are bonded together by an optically transparent adhesive, and a refractive index of the optically transparent adhesive is lower than a preset refractive index threshold.

10. A display device, characterized in that: The display device comprises the three-dimensional display apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1-9.

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