A quick-detachable intelligent migratory pest monitoring device based on edge computing

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a quick-detachable intelligent migratory pest monitoring device based on edge computing, which includes: a quick-detachable interface, which is used to achieve quick detachment from an insect monitoring device; a heating module, which includes an external heating device and an internal heating device; an edge computing module, which is used to generate monitoring results of the migratory pests and upload the monitoring results to a management platform, wherein the monitoring results include the types and numbers of the migratory pests. The device achieves rapid docking with the insect monitoring device through a modular quick-detachable structure, and its edge computing module can identify the types and numbers of migratory pests and upload the detection results to the management platform. The device breaks through the traditional model of relying on large cloud computing power and uses low-power computing power on the edge side to complete intelligent identification, significantly reducing hardware costs and server pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of smart agriculture, and in particular to a quick-detachable intelligent migratory pest monitoring device based on edge computing. Background Art

[0002] Migratory pests are insects that migrate in large groups over long distances (such as the fall armyworm and brown planthopper). Their migration is a survival strategy adapted to resource distribution and climate change. These pests often travel hundreds to thousands of kilometers with the monsoon, exhibiting sudden, explosive, and interregional spread. Traditional high-altitude monitoring lamps utilize internal resistance wire heating, which can lead to localized overheating, carbonization of the insects, and loss of morphological features, severely impacting subsequent classification accuracy. Existing image recognition systems often utilize fixed-focus cameras, making it difficult to maintain image clarity for insects of varying sizes. Furthermore, most monitoring equipment relies on 4G to transmit raw images, generating up to 1GB of data per day. This can easily lead to data congestion in areas with poor network coverage, delaying pest analysis and potentially missing the optimal control window. Furthermore, as images uploaded to servers accumulate, centralized image recognition solutions can place a significant strain on server storage and computing power.

[0003] Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a migratory pest monitoring device to overcome the above problems and provide decision support for the precise prevention and control of migratory pests. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a quick-detachable intelligent migratory pest monitoring device based on edge computing. The device can quickly connect to the insect monitoring equipment through a quick-detach module. The edge computing module can identify the types of migratory pests and count them, and upload the monitoring results to the management platform. The small computing power of the edge device is used to realize the intelligent recognition function that the existing technology can only do with high computing power, saving computing power and hardware costs.

[0005] In a first aspect, a quick-detachable intelligent migratory pest monitoring device based on edge computing is provided, the device comprising:

[0006] A quick-release interface, which is used to quickly disassemble the insect monitoring equipment;

[0007] A heating module, the heating module is used to prevent the insects from sticking;

[0008] An edge computing module is used to generate monitoring results of the migratory pests and upload the monitoring results to a management platform. The monitoring results include the categories and quantities of the migratory pests.

[0009] It should be understood that the quick-release interface, heating module, and edge computing module enable rapid disassembly and intelligent monitoring of the pest monitoring equipment. The quick-release interface directly solves the time-consuming disassembly and assembly of traditional equipment, significantly improving deployment efficiency. The heating module, through the dual design of external and internal heating devices, prevents insect adhesion and maintains morphological integrity, providing reliable samples for subsequent identification. The edge computing module locally identifies the type and number of pests and uploads the monitoring results directly to the management platform without relying on cloud processing. This significantly reduces network transmission pressure and server computing power burden, while also reducing hardware costs, meeting the core requirements of low power consumption and high efficiency for edge computing.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the quick-release interface includes:

[0011] An intelligent electromagnet array, consisting of multiple independently controlled electromagnet units, each with a built-in pressure sensor for detecting contact pressure with the inner wall of the insect monitoring device. The electromagnet array dynamically activates the electromagnet units in the corresponding area based on the shape of the inner wall. When powered on, it adaptively adheres to monitoring devices of different inner diameters and shapes through magnetic attraction. The electromagnet array is connected to an intelligent power management module and automatically switches to a low-power maintenance mode after attraction is completed, reducing energy consumption.

[0012] The waterproof sealing layer adopts a double-layer structure, the inner layer is an elastic silicone wrapped electromagnet array, and the outer layer is a self-repairing polyurethane coating, which can automatically restore the sealing after being deformed by pressure.

[0013] It should be understood that the intelligent electromagnet array dynamically adapts to the inner diameters and shapes of measuring equipment through independently controlled electromagnet units and pressure sensors. Combined with the low-power maintenance mode of the intelligent power management module, this ensures the stability and compatibility of the magnetic connection while reducing energy consumption. The double-layer waterproof sealing layer uses elastic silicone and a self-healing polyurethane coating. It can still restore its sealing after being deformed by pressure, effectively preventing rainwater penetration and ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the device in the complex environment of farmland. These technical features further enhance the quick adaptability and environmental adaptability of the quick-release interface, providing hardware support for its core functions.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the edge computing module includes:

[0015] A fill light system, comprising a fill light, for reducing ghosting in insect images and improving insect recognition accuracy;

[0016] A high-precision imaging unit, the high-precision imaging unit is used to collect images of the migratory pests trapped, the high-precision imaging unit and the fill light system working synchronously;

[0017] A controller is provided, wherein the controller has a built-in two-stage edge detection model and a communication unit, wherein the two-stage edge detection model is used to identify the categories of the migratory pests and count them, and the communication unit is used to upload the monitoring results to the management platform, and the communication unit is also used to receive instructions from the management platform.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the two-stage edge detection model workflow includes: in the first stage, potential pest areas are quickly screened through low-resolution images, and in the second stage, candidate areas are classified and counted with high precision, significantly reducing the amount of computation.

[0019] It should be understood that the supplemental lighting system and the insect monitoring equipment's lure lights operate at staggered peaks. Through the synergistic effect of multiple light sources, this prevents spectral interference that could reduce lure efficiency, while also providing stable lighting conditions for the high-precision imaging unit. The high-precision imaging unit and the supplemental lighting system simultaneously capture pest images. Combined with the controller's two-stage edge detection model, the high-precision imaging unit first rapidly screens potential pest areas in low-resolution images, then performs high-precision classification and counting of candidate areas. This phased processing significantly reduces computational complexity, enabling the edge computing module to achieve millisecond-level recognition while maintaining low power consumption, reducing reliance on cloud servers while improving recognition accuracy.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the heating module includes a dual-mode heating mode: a flexible heating pad is wrapped around the outer wall of the heating module, and an infrared heating tube is built into the falling path of the insect to directional radiate the insect. By variable temperature control and heating duration adjustment, the migrating pests are heated to an inactivated state and the wings of the migrating pests are directed toward the camera, thereby preventing a reduction in recognition accuracy due to adhesion and loss of features of the insects, and preventing damage to the insect morphology due to high temperature.

[0021] A temperature control unit is used to adaptively control the heating power of the flexible heating pad and the built-in infrared heating tube according to environmental changes.

[0022] The heating module utilizes a combination of a flexible heating pad and built-in infrared heating tubes. The external heating pad provides uniform temperature control to prevent insects from clinging, while the infrared heating tubes direct radiation along the insect's path, preventing localized high temperatures from carbonizing the insects. The temperature control unit dynamically adjusts heating power based on ambient temperature and humidity, activating heating in high-humidity or low-temperature conditions and switching to energy-saving mode at other times. This adaptive heating strategy effectively maintains the insect's morphological integrity while reducing energy consumption, ensuring stable operation in extreme environments.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the device further includes an insect collection box, which is detachably connected to the edge computing module and is used to collect the migratory pests.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, there is a first opening between the heating module and the edge computing module, and there is a second opening between the edge computing module and the insect collection box.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the edge computing module further includes a control unit, which is used to control the opening and closing of the first opening and the second opening.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the device further includes a dual-mode power supply system, and the dual-mode power supply system supports 220V AC power and battery operating modes.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the dual-mode power supply system has an adaptive power consumption management function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a quick-detachable intelligent migratory pest monitoring device based on edge computing provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a quick-release interface structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the edge computing module structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification of this application and the appended claims, the singular expressions "a", "an", "said", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless there is a clear contrary indication in the context. It should also be understood that in the following embodiments of the present application, "at least one", "one or more" refer to one, two or more. The term "and / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist; for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and subsequent associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in yet other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0033] Migratory pests adapt to resource distribution and climate change through long-distance group migration. Their ability to spread across regions, driven by monsoons, often triggers sudden insect infestations. Traditional high-altitude monitoring lamps utilize a resistance wire heating design, which can easily cause carbonization of insects due to localized high temperatures, disrupting morphological features and reducing classification accuracy. Fixed-focus cameras struggle to provide clear images of insects with significant size variations, impacting intelligent recognition accuracy. Raw images transmitted over 4G networks generate up to 1GB of data per day, which can easily cause transmission delays in areas with weak farmland network coverage, causing pest assessment to lag behind the optimal prevention and control window. Furthermore, the centralized upload of massive image data sets to servers for processing continues to increase storage and computing loads, hindering the efficiency of monitoring systems.

[0034] This application provides a quick-detachable intelligent migratory pest monitoring device based on edge computing. Its modular, quick-detachable structure allows for rapid integration with pest monitoring equipment. Its edge computing module, equipped with classification, identification, and counting algorithms, analyzes migratory pest species and numbers in real time and uploads detection results to a management platform. This device breaks away from the traditional reliance on high-performance cloud computing power and instead utilizes low-power edge computing power for intelligent identification, significantly reducing hardware costs and server pressure.

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a quick-detachable intelligent migratory pest monitoring device based on edge computing provided in an embodiment of the present application. In some examples, the device includes:

[0037] A quick-release interface, which is used to quickly disassemble the insect monitoring equipment;

[0038] A heating module, the heating module is used to prevent the insects from sticking;

[0039] An edge computing module is used to generate monitoring results of the migratory pests and upload the monitoring results to a management platform. The monitoring results include the categories and quantities of the migratory pests.

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a quick-release interface structure is provided in an embodiment of the present application. In some examples, the quick-release interface includes:

[0041] An intelligent electromagnet array, consisting of multiple independently controlled electromagnet units, each with a built-in pressure sensor for detecting contact pressure with the inner wall of the insect monitoring device. The electromagnet array dynamically activates the electromagnet units in the corresponding area based on the shape of the inner wall. When powered on, it adaptively adheres to monitoring devices of different inner diameters and shapes through magnetic attraction. The electromagnet array is connected to an intelligent power management module and automatically switches to a low-power maintenance mode after attraction is completed, reducing energy consumption.

[0042] The waterproof sealing layer adopts a double-layer structure, the inner layer is an elastic silicone wrapped electromagnet array, and the outer layer is a self-repairing polyurethane coating, which can automatically restore the sealing after being deformed by pressure.

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an edge computing module is provided in an embodiment of the present application. In some examples, the edge computing module includes:

[0044] A fill light system, comprising a fill light, for reducing ghosting in insect images and improving insect recognition accuracy;

[0045] A high-precision imaging unit, the high-precision imaging unit is used to collect images of the migratory pests trapped, the high-precision imaging unit and the fill light system working synchronously;

[0046] A controller is provided, wherein the controller has a built-in two-stage edge detection model and a communication unit, wherein the two-stage edge detection model is used to identify the categories of the migratory pests and count them, and the communication unit is used to upload the monitoring results to the management platform, and the communication unit is also used to receive instructions from the management platform.

[0047] In one possible implementation, a high-precision imaging unit uses a 12-megapixel high-definition camera, coupled with an edge computing board equipped with a lightweight recognition model, to achieve millisecond-level recognition of insect species and numbers.

[0048] In one possible implementation, when the attracting light turns off, the controller triggers the fill-light system to activate a light source in a specific wavelength band, providing interference-free illumination for the imaging area. Immediately after the fill-light turns on, the high-precision imaging unit continuously captures images of the insects in motion. Image data is transmitted in real time to the edge computing module, which uses background subtraction to remove static interference and extract valid targets. After image acquisition is complete, the fill-light system automatically turns off, and the attracting light turns back on to continue attracting the pests. This process, through strict timing control and spectral isolation, ensures image clarity and provides high-quality input data for edge computing.

[0049] In some examples, the two-stage edge detection model workflow includes: a first stage of quickly screening potential pest areas through low-resolution images, and a second stage of high-precision classification and counting of candidate areas, significantly reducing the amount of computation.

[0050] Optionally, the two-stage edge detection model can automatically adjust the model's recognition type and detection threshold based on the pest species and density in different regional environments to reduce false positives. Motion blur correction is performed on consecutive frames, and low-quality recognition results are filtered using a confidence threshold.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the two-stage edge detection model includes an improved YOLO model. The improvement measures include: using a lightweight backbone network, channel pruning, quantized deployment, etc. The improved YOLO model is adapted to the edge computing module and can achieve real-time processing capabilities of more than 15 frames per second.

[0052] In some examples, the heating module includes a dual-mode heating mode: a flexible heating pad is wrapped around the outer wall of the heating module, and an infrared heating tube is built into the insect's falling path to directional radiate the insect. By controlling the temperature and adjusting the heating duration, the migrating insects are heated to an inactive state and the wings of the migrating insects are directed toward the camera, thereby preventing the reduction of recognition accuracy due to adhesion and loss of features of the insects, and preventing damage to the insect morphology due to high temperature.

[0053] A temperature control unit is used to adaptively control the heating power of the flexible heating pad and the built-in infrared heating tube according to environmental changes.

[0054] In some examples, the device further includes an insect collection box, which is detachably connected to the edge computing module and is used to collect the migratory pests.

[0055] In some examples, a first opening is provided between the heating module and the edge computing module, and a second opening is provided between the edge computing module and the insect collection box.

[0056] In some examples, the edge computing module also includes a control unit for controlling the opening and closing of the first opening and the second opening.

[0057] In some examples, the device further includes a dual-mode power supply system that supports 220V AC power and battery operating modes.

[0058] In some examples, the dual-mode power supply system has an adaptive power consumption management function.

[0059] In one possible implementation, through a hardware sleep mechanism (CPU frequency is reduced to 10% during non-detection periods) and dynamic power management (camera and communication modules are turned on and off on demand), the standby power consumption of the entire device can be ≤1W and the peak power consumption can be ≤5W.

[0060] Optionally, the device provided in the embodiments of this application is installed in the bottom cavity of a standard high-altitude detection lamp. One possible workflow involves: when the ambient humidity exceeds 75%, the infrared heating tube activates intermittent operation to dry the insects. Once the insect enters the imaging area, the infrared photoelectric sensor triggers the high-precision imaging unit's camera to continuously capture images at a rate of 3 frames per second. The heating duration and temperature are automatically adjusted based on the insect species in the captured image to ensure the insect is inactivated for easy imaging. The edge computing board utilizes a lightweight two-stage target detection model trained on 80,000 samples. This model uses background subtraction to filter out static interference and extract dynamic targets. A two-stage detection mechanism (first stage, localization of pest candidate frames, second stage, fine-grained classification) is used for identification. This information is then uploaded to a management platform in real time via 4G / LoRa dual-mode transmission and simultaneously pushed to farmer terminals, achieving a closed-loop insect monitoring and early warning system. Compatibility testing of the device has shown that it is compatible with mainstream high-altitude lamp models on the market. Replacing the device requires no recalibration, and the assembly and disassembly time is ≤ 3 minutes. It can be quickly upgraded to an intelligent high-altitude lamp, significantly improving identification automation, accuracy, and real-time performance compared to traditional manual classification and counting methods. The two-stage model reduces data transmission by 90% compared to traditional cloud-based solutions, with edge recognition latency ≤ 200ms. Furthermore, the device offers excellent energy sustainability, with an average daily energy consumption of ≤ 0.5kWh when powered by solar energy, making it suitable for areas without grid coverage.

[0061] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any equivalent modifications or changes made by ordinary technicians in this field based on the contents disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. A quick-detachable intelligent migratory pest monitoring device based on edge computing, characterized in that: The device comprises: A quick-release interface, which is used to achieve rapid disassembly from the insect monitoring equipment. The quick-release interface includes: an intelligent electromagnet array, which is composed of a plurality of independently controlled electromagnet units, each unit having a built-in pressure sensor for detecting the contact pressure with the inner wall of the insect monitoring equipment. The electromagnet array dynamically activates the electromagnet units in the corresponding area according to the shape of the inner wall. After power is turned on, it adaptively fits monitoring equipment of different inner diameters and shapes through magnetic attraction. The electromagnet array is connected to an intelligent power management module and automatically switches to a low-power maintenance mode after adsorption is completed to reduce energy consumption; a waterproof sealing layer, which adopts a double-layer structure, with the inner layer being an elastic silicone coating that wraps the electromagnet array, and the outer layer being a self-repairing polyurethane coating that can automatically restore sealing after being compressed and deformed; A heating module, the heating module is used to prevent the insects from sticking; An edge computing module is used to generate monitoring results of the migratory pests and upload the monitoring results to a management platform. The monitoring results include the categories and quantities of the migratory pests.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The edge computing module includes: A fill light system, comprising a fill light, for reducing ghosting in insect images and improving insect recognition accuracy; A high-precision imaging unit, the high-precision imaging unit is used to collect images of the migratory pests trapped, the high-precision imaging unit and the fill light system working synchronously; A controller having a built-in two-stage edge target detection model and a communication unit, wherein the two-stage edge target detection model is used to identify the category of the migratory pests and count them, and the communication unit is used to upload the monitoring results to the management platform, and the communication unit is also used to receive instructions from the management platform.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The workflow of the two-stage edge target detection model includes: the first stage quickly screens potential pest areas through low-resolution images, and the second stage performs high-precision classification and counting of candidate areas, significantly reducing the amount of calculation.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The heating module includes a dual-mode heating mode: a flexible heating pad is wrapped around the outer wall of the heating module, and an infrared heating tube is built into the falling path of the insect to radiate the insect in a direction. By controlling the temperature and adjusting the heating time, the migrating pests are heated to an inactive state and the wings of the migrating pests are directed toward the camera, preventing the reduction of recognition accuracy due to adhesion and loss of features of the insects, while also avoiding damage to the insect morphology caused by high temperature; A temperature control unit is used to adaptively control the heating power of the flexible heating pad and the built-in infrared heating tube according to environmental changes.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device also includes an insect collection box, which is detachably connected to the edge computing module and is used to collect the migratory pests.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that A first opening is provided between the heating module and the edge computing module, and a second opening is provided between the edge computing module and the insect collecting box.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The edge computing module also includes a control unit, which is used to control the opening and closing of the first opening and the second opening.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device also includes a dual-mode power supply system, which supports 220V AC power and battery working modes.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that The dual-mode power supply system has an adaptive power consumption management function.

Images