Electrohydraulic effect dynamic shift arc extinguishing structure, arc extinguishing method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure, an arc extinguishing method and application, the structure comprises an insulating shell, a lightning connection electrode, a lower pole plate and a free telescopic displacement assembly vertically arranged in a cavity of the insulating shell, and the cavity of the insulating shell is filled with insulating liquid in a sealed manner; a lightning electrode is vertically arranged at the top end of the insulating shell, and the lower end of the lightning electrode extends downwards into the insulating shell and is electrically connected with the upper end of the free telescopic displacement assembly. The lower polar plate is horizontally arranged in the bottom end of the insulating shell, a screw rod is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the insulating shell, and the upper end of the screw rod vertically extends upwards into the bottom end in a cavity of the insulating shell and is connected with the lower surface of the lower polar plate; the lower end of the free telescopic displacement assembly vertically extends downwards to the position above the lower pole plate and makes contact with the upper surface of the lower pole plate or is arranged at an interval with the upper surface of the lower pole plate. According to the arc extinguishing structure, the initial breakdown voltage during arc extinguishing can be reduced, the arc length can be increased, and the arc extinguishing capability can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lightning protection technology, and in particular to a liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure, an arc extinguishing method and applications. Background Art

[0002] As a new type of lightning protection arc extinguishing technology, liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing technology has been gradually applied to transmission lines at all levels, playing a significant protective role, due to its advantages of fast arc extinguishing speed, strong arc extinguishing ability, and high arc extinguishing success rate. Conventional liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing devices require one or more insulating liquid gaps of fixed length to be set inside to provide a liquid channel for current discharge to trigger liquid-electric effect forced arc extinguishing. However, fixed liquid gaps will cause the initial breakdown voltage of the arc extinguishing device to increase, which is not conducive to insulation coordination; in addition, fixed liquid gaps limit the length of the discharge arc in the insulating liquid, and it is impossible to release the arc energy to the maximum extent for arc extinguishing. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing structure and method with a low initial breakdown voltage and dynamically lengthened arc. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid-electric effect dynamic shift arc extinguishing structure, arc extinguishing method and application. The arc extinguishing structure of the present invention can reduce the initial breakdown voltage during arc extinguishing and lengthen the arc length, thereby improving the arc extinguishing ability. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure is provided, the displacement arc extinguishing structure comprising an insulating shell, a lightning contact electrode, a lower electrode plate, and a free telescopic displacement component vertically arranged in a cavity of the insulating shell, wherein the cavity of the insulating shell is sealed and filled with insulating liquid;

[0005] A lightning pole is vertically arranged at the top of the insulating shell, and the lower end of the lightning pole extends downward into the insulating shell and is electrically connected to the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component (6); the lower electrode plate is horizontally arranged inside the bottom end of the insulating shell, and a screw is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the insulating shell, and the upper end of the screw extends vertically upward into the bottom end of the insulating shell cavity and is connected to the lower surface of the lower electrode plate, and the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component extends vertically downward to above the lower electrode plate and is in contact with the upper surface of the lower electrode plate or is arranged with a gap.

[0006] A grounding electrode is vertically fixed on the upper surface of the lower electrode plate, and a displacement electrode is arranged at the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component. The lower end of the displacement electrode at the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component contacts the tip of the grounding electrode or is arranged with a gap.

[0007] The above scheme is further preferred that a displacement electrode plate is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the displacement electrode, and the center of the surface of the displacement electrode is in contact with the tip of the ground electrode or is arranged with a gap.

[0008] The above scheme is further preferred that an upper electrode plate is horizontally fixedly arranged at the top of the cavity inside the insulating shell, the lower end of the lightning electrode extends downward into the insulating shell and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper electrode plate, and the lower surface of the upper electrode plate is electrically connected to the upper end of the free telescopic displacement assembly.

[0009] The above scheme is further preferred, in which a section of interconnected locking cavity is arranged between the lower end of the lightning electrode and the top end of the cavity inside the insulating shell, and the diameter of the locking cavity is smaller than the diameter of the cavity of the insulating shell, and an upper pole plate is horizontally fixed at the top end of the locking cavity, the lower end of the lightning electrode extends downward into the top end of the locking cavity and is connected to the center of the upper surface of the upper pole plate, the upper end part of the free telescopic displacement assembly is arranged in the locking cavity, and the upper end of the free telescopic displacement assembly is connected to the lower surface of the upper pole plate.

[0010] The above scheme is further preferred, in which a partition electrode plate is horizontally fixedly arranged in a locking cavity above the top end of the cavity inside the insulating shell, and a plurality of uniformly stacked discharge electrode plates are arranged in the locking cavity between the partition electrode plate and the upper electrode plate, and the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component extends into the locking cavity and is connected to the lower surface of the partition electrode plate, and the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component extends vertically downward to above the lower electrode plate and is in contact with the upper surface of the lower electrode plate or is arranged with a gap.

[0011] The above scheme is further preferred, there is a uniform electric field air gap between each adjacent layer of discharge electrode plates, the height of the electric field air gap is 0.1mm-1mm; the discharge electrode plates are graphite sheets or metal oxide plates.

[0012] The above scheme is further preferred, wherein the free telescopic displacement component is a temperature-sensitive spring, and a skirt is provided on the outer wall of the insulating shell.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an arc extinguishing method of a liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure, the arc extinguishing method comprising the following steps:

[0014] Before lightning connection, an arc extinguishing channel is established in the inner cavity of the insulating shell through the lightning connection electrode, the upper electrode plate, the free telescopic displacement component, the lower electrode plate, and the screw; the free telescopic displacement component is a temperature-sensitive spring;

[0015] When lightning is connected, the impulse voltage breaks through the external air gap above the lightning electrode, and the impulse current and the power frequency current enter the arc extinguishing channel formed by the telescopic displacement component composed of temperature-sensitive springs in the insulating shell from the lightning electrode. When the current passes through the free telescopic displacement component, the temperature of the temperature-sensitive spring rises, and the impulse current and the power frequency current discharge in the insulating liquid gap to form an initial short arc, triggering the initial liquid-electric effect and generating an initial liquid-electric effect pressure. The initial liquid-electric effect pressure drives the free telescopic displacement component to shrink and move upward at a high speed, and the insulating liquid gap between the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component and the lower electrode plate suddenly increases, thereby instantly lengthening the discharge arc length, generating a high-intensity liquid-electric effect pressure acting on the long arc surface, forming a full-scale arc fracture, and forcibly extinguishing the impulse current and power frequency continuous current.

[0016] According to the above technical solution of the present invention, the present invention also provides the above mobile arc extinguishing structure applied to a surge suppressor, the surge suppressor includes a displacement arc extinguishing structure, the displacement arc extinguishing structure includes an insulating shell, a lightning electrode, a lower electrode plate and a freely retractable displacement component vertically arranged in the cavity of the insulating shell, the cavity of the insulating shell is sealed and filled with insulating liquid, a lightning electrode is vertically arranged at the top of the insulating shell, an upper electrode plate is horizontally fixedly arranged at the top of the cavity of the insulating shell, the lower electrode plate is horizontally arranged inside the bottom end of the insulating shell, and the bottom end of the insulating shell is fixedly arranged at the top end of the cavity of the insulating shell. A screw is vertically arranged on the outside, and the upper end of the screw vertically extends upward into the bottom end in the cavity of the insulating shell and is connected to the lower surface of the lower electrode plate. The lower end of the free telescopic displacement component vertically extends downward to above the lower electrode plate and contacts with the upper surface of the lower electrode plate or is arranged with a gap. A partition electrode plate is horizontally fixed in a positioning cavity above the top of the cavity inside the insulating shell, and a plurality of uniformly stacked discharge electrode plates are arranged in the positioning cavity between the partition electrode plate and the upper electrode plate. The upper end of the free telescopic displacement component extends into the positioning cavity and is connected to the lower surface of the partition electrode plate.

[0017] In summary, the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0018] (1) When the arc extinguishing structure of the present invention extinguishes the arc, the arc releases a large amount of high heat energy in the liquid gap, generating a dynamically superimposed high-intensity liquid-electric effect pressure acting on the arc-building channel, instantly interrupting the impact arc and extinguishing the power frequency continuous current, which can accelerate the generation speed of the initial liquid-electric effect pressure, advance the liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing time node, improve the transient property of the liquid-electric effect, and enhance the forced arc extinguishing capability;

[0019] (2) As the liquid gap is elongated, the reignition breakdown distance increases, and the liquid-electric effect pressure increases the dielectric breakdown field strength, which increases the reignition breakdown voltage threshold of the overall structure, delays the reignition of the impulse arc, and makes it impossible for the power frequency continuous current to reignite.

[0020] (3) The arc extinguishing structure of the present invention has the following characteristics: first, when the lightning voltage breaks down the arc extinguishing channel, the initial breakdown voltage generated by the liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing chamber space inside the insulating shell is reduced to zero by setting a temperature-sensitive telescopic spring to short-circuit the liquid gap. The breakdown voltage of the arc extinguishing channel is determined by the breakdown voltage of the series air gap outside the arc extinguishing chamber, thereby eliminating the influence of the excessive breakdown voltage of the liquid gap on the insulation coordination; second, during the arc extinguishing process, the temperature-sensitive telescopic spring will shrink and shorten rapidly under the action of the spring temperature rise generated by the impact current, thereby eliminating the short circuit of the liquid gap and dynamically lengthening the arc length. The dynamic liquid-electric effect pressure is generated by coupling the impact arc and the power frequency arc with the insulating oil liquid, thereby forcibly extinguishing the power frequency continuous current and improving the arc extinguishing ability; finally, the temperature-sensitive spring that shrinks to the limit state forms the maximum liquid gap, thereby increasing the breakdown voltage of the liquid gap. At the same time, the liquid-electric effect pressure maintained in the sealed arc extinguishing chamber after the arc is extinguished increases the density and breakdown field strength of the liquid, and also increases the breakdown voltage. The increase in the above two breakdown voltages greatly improves the ability of the arc extinguishing chamber to withstand the reignition of the arc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a liquid-electric effect dynamic shift arc extinguishing structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a liquid-electric effect dynamic shift arc extinguishing structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a liquid-electric effect dynamic shift arc extinguishing structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of a liquid-electric effect dynamic shift arc extinguishing structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of a liquid-electric effect dynamic shift arc extinguishing structure of the present invention;

[0026] In the accompanying drawings, there are an insulating shell 1, a lightning electrode 2, an upper electrode plate 3, a lower electrode plate 4, a screw 5, a free telescopic displacement component 6, an insulating liquid 7, a positioning cavity 8, a partition electrode plate 9, a grounding electrode 10, a displacement electrode 11, a skirt 13, a displacement electrode plate 12, a discharge electrode plate 14, and an electric field air gap 120. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are only for the purpose of enabling the reader to have a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the present invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0028] Embodiment 1, combined with Figure 1 According to a liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure of the present invention, the displacement arc extinguishing structure includes an insulating shell 1, a lightning electrode 2, a lower electrode plate 4 and a free telescopic displacement component 6 vertically arranged in the cavity of the insulating shell 1, and the cavity of the insulating shell 1 is sealed and filled with insulating liquid 7; a lightning electrode 2 is vertically arranged at the top of the insulating shell 1, and the lower end of the lightning electrode 2 extends downward into the insulating shell 1 and is electrically connected to the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component 6; the lower electrode plate 4 is horizontally arranged inside the bottom end of the insulating shell 1, and a screw 5 is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the insulating shell 1, and the upper end of the screw 5 The bottom end extending vertically upward into the cavity of the insulating shell 1 is connected to the lower surface of the lower electrode plate 4, and the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 extends vertically downward to above the lower electrode plate 4 and contacts or is arranged with a gap with the upper surface of the lower electrode plate 4. In the present invention, an upper electrode plate 3 is horizontally fixedly arranged at the top of the cavity inside the insulating shell 1, and the lower end of the lightning electrode 2 extends downward into the insulating shell 1 and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper electrode plate 3. The lower surface of the upper electrode plate 3 is electrically connected to the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component 6. The free telescopic displacement component 6 is a temperature-sensitive spring, and a skirt 13 is arranged on the outer wall of the insulating shell 1.

[0029] Embodiment 2, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a displacement electrode 11 is provided at the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component 6, and the lower end of the displacement electrode 11 at the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 is in contact with the surface of the lower electrode plate 4 or is provided with a gap.

[0030] Embodiment 3, combined with Figure 3 The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that a grounding electrode 10 is vertically fixed on the upper surface of the lower electrode plate 4, and a displacement electrode 11 is arranged at the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component 6. The lower end of the displacement electrode 11 at the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 is in contact with the surface of the lower electrode plate 4 or is arranged with a gap. The lower end of the displacement electrode 11 at the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 is in contact with the tip of the grounding electrode 10 or is arranged with a gap. In this embodiment, the lower end of the displacement electrode 11 is in contact with the tip of the grounding electrode 10.

[0031] Embodiment 4, combined with Figure 4A shift electrode 12 is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the displacement electrode 11, and the center of the surface of the shift electrode 12 is in contact with the tip of the ground electrode 10 or is arranged with a gap, so that a gap is formed between the shift electrode 12 at the lower end of the displacement electrode 11 and the ground electrode 10 or the lower electrode plate 4, or contact discharge is formed.

[0032] Embodiment 5, combined with Figure 5 A section of interconnected positioning cavity 8 is provided between the lower end of the lightning connecting electrode 2 and the top of the cavity inside the insulating shell 1, and the diameter of the positioning cavity 8 is smaller than the cavity diameter of the insulating shell 1. An upper electrode plate 3 is horizontally fixedly provided at the top of the positioning cavity 8. The lower end of the lightning connecting electrode 2 extends downward into the top of the positioning cavity 8 and is connected to the center of the upper surface of the upper electrode plate 3. The upper end portion of the free telescopic displacement component 6 is provided in the positioning cavity 8, and the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 is connected to the upper electrode. The lower surface of the plate 3 is connected; a partition plate 9 is horizontally fixed in the clamping cavity 8 above the top of the cavity inside the insulating shell 1, and a plurality of discharge electrode plates 14 are evenly stacked in the clamping cavity 8 between the partition plate 9 and the upper electrode plate 3. The upper end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 extends into the clamping cavity 8 and is connected to the lower surface of the upper electrode plate 3; a uniform electric field air gap 120 is provided between each adjacent layer of the discharge electrode plates 14, and the height of the electric field air gap 120 is 0.1 mm-1mm; the discharge electrode plate 14 is a graphite plate or a metal oxide plate; the present invention preferably uses a graphite plate, and the free telescopic displacement component 6 is a temperature-sensitive spring; a uniform and mutually connected electric field air gap 120 is formed between the discharge electrode plates 14 (graphite plates), so that the liquid-electric effect dynamic forced arc extinguishing structure and the uniform electric field air gap form a series structure again; when the impact current and the power frequency current pass through the free telescopic displacement component, the temperature rise generated by the impact current and the power frequency current causes the temperature-sensitive spring to contract to produce an initial arc liquid-electric effect, driving the front-end displacement electrode 11 of the temperature-sensitive spring and the temperature-sensitive spring to displace simultaneously, stretching the arc and generating a dynamic liquid-electric effect pressure that increases with the elongation of the arc, the liquid-electric effect pressure acts on the full-scale arc surface, generating a full-scale arc break in the liquid gap and forcibly extinguishing the power frequency follow-current arc, increasing the dielectric breakdown field strength from the full-scale long arc break and the liquid-electric effect pressure, thereby increasing the breakdown voltage of the arc break from two dimensions, and achieving a strong arc reignition suppression effect.

[0033] Embodiment 6, according to another aspect of the present invention, Figures 1 to 5 The present invention also provides an arc extinguishing method of a liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure, the arc extinguishing method comprising the following steps:

[0034] Before lightning connection, an arc extinguishing channel is established in the inner cavity of the insulating housing 1 through the lightning connection electrode 2, the upper electrode plate 3, the free telescopic displacement component 6, the lower electrode plate 4, and the screw 5; the free telescopic displacement component 6 is a temperature-sensitive spring;

[0035] When lightning strikes, the impulse voltage breaks through the external air gap above the lightning pole 2, and the impulse current and the power frequency current enter the arc extinguishing channel formed by the telescopic displacement component 6 composed of the temperature-sensitive spring in the insulating shell 1 from the lightning pole 2. When the current passes through the free telescopic displacement component 6, the temperature of the temperature-sensitive spring rises, and the impulse current and the power frequency current are discharged in the gap of the insulating liquid 7, triggering the initial liquid-electric effect, causing the free telescopic displacement component 6 to begin to shrink and move upward, and an initial insulating liquid gap is generated between the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 and the lower electrode plate 4. The insulating liquid gap suddenly increases, thereby instantly lengthening the length of the discharge arc, generating a high-intensity liquid-electric effect pressure acting on the long arc surface, forming a full-scale arc break, and forcibly extinguishing the impulse current and the power frequency continuous current. In the present invention, for the gap setting structure: the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring) and the lower electrode plate 4 (or the grounding electrode 10) or the displacement electrode 11 on the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring) and the lower electrode plate 4 are in a gap setting state. When lightning is connected, when the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring) and the lower electrode plate 4 are in a gap setting, the impulse voltage breaks through the external air gap above the lightning electrode 2, and the impulse current and the power frequency current pass through the initial insulating liquid gap between the lightning electrode 2, the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring), the displacement electrode 11 and the lower electrode plate 4 (or the grounding electrode 10), and discharge in the initial insulating liquid gap, triggering the initial liquid-electric effect, and generating the initial liquid-electric effect pressure.

[0036] Regarding the contact setting structure: in the present invention, the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring) and the lower electrode plate 4 (or the grounding electrode 10) or the displacement electrode 11 on the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring) and the lower electrode plate 4 are in a contact setting state, and the impact current and the power frequency current are connected from the external air gap above the connected lightning electrode 2, and enter the arc extinguishing channel formed by the telescopic displacement component 6 composed of the temperature-sensitive spring in the insulating shell 1 through the connected lightning electrode 2. When the impact current and the power frequency current pass through the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring), the temperature of the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring) increases, and the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring) begins to shrink and move upward and drives the displacement electrode 11 to move upward synchronously, so that an initial insulating liquid gap is generated between the displacement electrode 11 on the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring) and the lower electrode plate 4 (or the grounding electrode 10); the current is discharged in the initial insulating liquid gap, triggering the initial liquid-electric effect, and generating an initial liquid-electric effect pressure. Under the driving effect of the self-contraction of the free-telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring) and the initial hydraulic-electric effect pressure, the displacement electrode 11 is driven to move upward rapidly and dynamically lengthen the arc, generating a dynamic hydraulic-electric effect pressure with continuously superimposed intensity acting on the surface of the full-scale arc channel, forming a full-scale arc break, and forcibly extinguishing the industrial frequency continuous current.

[0037] The function of the liquid-electric effect dynamic forced arc extinguishing chamber is to cause the temperature sensitive spring to contract and produce an initial liquid-electric effect through the temperature rise generated by the impact current flowing through the temperature sensitive spring. The generated liquid-electric effect pressure drives the displacement electrode 11 at the front end of the temperature sensitive spring to displace at the same time, elongating the arc and generating a dynamic liquid-electric effect pressure in the insulating shell 1 that increases as the arc is elongated. The liquid-electric effect pressure acts on the full-scale arc surface, and a full-scale arc break is generated in the gap between the displacement electrode 11 immersed in the insulating liquid 7 and the grounding electrode 10, and the power frequency continuous current arc is forced to be extinguished. The breakdown voltage of the arc break is increased from two dimensions: the full-scale long arc break and the liquid-electric effect pressure to increase the dielectric breakdown field strength, thereby achieving a strong suppression of arc reignition.

[0038] Therefore, due to the large static short-circuit gap contact resistance at the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component 6, the impact current will generate a huge field strength on the gap contact resistance to break through the liquid and produce spark arc discharge. The expansion force of the arc and the pressure of the liquid-electric effect drive the displacement electrode to produce a jump-type displacement, thereby realizing the following arc extinguishing process:

[0039] (1) Due to the influence of the short-circuit gap activation liquid-electric effect mechanism, the displacement electrode is driven to move up quickly by the arc expansion force and the liquid-electric effect pressure. The dynamic liquid-electric effect pressure is large, which meets the requirement of forced arc extinguishing at a higher voltage. Then it collides with the upper end of the tube body, rebounds quickly through the reaction force, restores the short-circuit state of the gap, and quickly restores insulation coordination.

[0040] (2) The short-circuit gap activates the liquid-electric effect mechanism, and the arc expansion force and the liquid-electric effect pressure jointly drive the displacement electrode to jump up quickly. In the initial rising stage of the displacement electrode, due to the small temperature-sensitive damping force, its displacement speed is fast, and the forced arc extinguishing requirements can be met under low voltage conditions; the subsequent rise of the displacement electrode will be reduced by the damping of the temperature-sensitive (thermal) spring; the falling speed of the displacement electrode is affected by the release of the elastic force of the spring, and the speed will be accelerated, which can quickly restore the insulation coordination.

[0041] (3) The short-circuit gap activates the influence of the liquid-electric effect mechanism, and the displacement electrode is driven to move upward rapidly through the arc expansion force, liquid-electric effect pressure and temperature-sensitive spring expansion force. First, the arc collision force drives the displacement electrode to accelerate in a jump-like manner. Secondly, the liquid-electric effect pressure relays to accelerate the displacement of the displacement electrode. Finally, the temperature-sensitive (thermal) spring contraction force relays to drive the displacement electrode to accelerate upward displacement. The rapid cooling effect of the high specific heat capacity liquid on the temperature-sensitive (thermal) spring can enable the spring to quickly reset the short-circuit gap again and restore the insulation matching requirements.

[0042] Embodiment 7, combined Figure 5 As shown, when the liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure of the present invention is applied to a surge suppressor, the surge suppressor includes any one of the displacement arc extinguishing structures in Examples 1 to 5, and the surge suppressor includes an insulating shell 1, a lightning electrode 2, a lower electrode plate 4, and a free telescopic displacement component 6 vertically arranged in the cavity of the insulating shell 1, the cavity of the insulating shell 1 is sealed and filled with insulating liquid 7, the lightning electrode 2 is vertically arranged at the top of the insulating shell 1, the upper electrode plate 3 is horizontally fixedly arranged at the top of the cavity of the insulating shell 1, the lower electrode plate 4 is horizontally arranged inside the bottom end of the insulating shell 1, and a screw 5 is vertically arranged outside the bottom end of the insulating shell 1, the upper end of the screw 5 vertically extends upward into the bottom end of the cavity of the insulating shell 1 and is connected to the lower surface of the lower electrode plate 4 The lower end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 extends vertically downward to the top of the lower electrode plate 4 and contacts or is arranged with a gap with the upper surface of the lower electrode plate 4. A partition electrode plate 9 is horizontally fixed in the positioning cavity 8 above the top of the cavity inside the insulating shell 1. A plurality of discharge electrode plates 14 are evenly stacked in the positioning cavity 8 between the partition electrode plate 9 and the upper electrode plate 3. The upper end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 extends into the positioning cavity 8 and is connected to the lower surface of the partition electrode plate 9. A uniform electric field air gap 120 is provided between each adjacent layer of discharge electrode plates 14, and the height of the electric field air gap 120 is 0.1mm-1mm; the discharge electrode plate 14 is a graphite sheet or a metal oxide plate. The present invention preferably uses a graphite sheet, and the free telescopic displacement component 6 is a temperature-sensitive spring.

[0043] Embodiment 8, combined with Figure 5As shown, when the liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure of the present invention is applied to a surge suppressor, the surge suppressor includes an insulating shell 1, a lightning electrode 2, a lower electrode plate 4, and a free telescopic displacement component 6 vertically arranged in the cavity of the insulating shell 1, and the cavity of the insulating shell 1 is sealed and filled with insulating liquid 7; a lightning electrode 2 is vertically arranged at the top of the insulating shell 1, and the lower end of the lightning electrode 2 extends downward into the insulating shell 1 and is electrically connected to the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component 6; the lower electrode plate 4 is horizontally arranged inside the bottom end of the insulating shell 1, and a screw 5 is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the insulating shell 1, and the upper end of the screw 5 extends vertically upward into the The bottom end of the cavity of the insulating shell 1 is connected to the lower surface of the lower electrode plate 4, and the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 extends vertically downward to above the lower electrode plate 4 and contacts the upper surface of the lower electrode plate 4 or is set with a gap. In the present invention, an upper electrode plate 3 is horizontally fixed at the top of the cavity inside the insulating shell 1, and the lower end of the lightning electrode 2 extends downward into the insulating shell 1 and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper electrode plate 3. A displacement electrode 11 is arranged at the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component 6, and a grounding electrode 10 is vertically fixed on the upper surface of the lower electrode plate 4, and the lower end of the displacement electrode 11 contacts the tip of the grounding electrode 10 or is set with a gap.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present invention, a section of interconnected positioning cavity 8 is arranged between the lower end of the lightning connecting electrode 2 and the top of the cavity inside the insulating shell 1, and the diameter of the positioning cavity 8 is smaller than the cavity diameter of the insulating shell 1, and an upper electrode plate 3 is horizontally fixedly arranged at the top of the positioning cavity 8, and the lower end of the lightning connecting electrode 2 extends downward into the top of the positioning cavity 8 and is connected to the center of the upper surface of the upper electrode plate 3, and the upper end part of the free telescopic displacement component 6 is arranged in the positioning cavity 8, and the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 is connected to the lower surface of the upper electrode plate 3; a partition electrode plate 9 is horizontally fixedly arranged in the positioning cavity 8 above the top of the cavity inside the insulating shell 1, and a partition electrode plate 9 is fixedly arranged in the partition A plurality of discharge electrode plates 14 uniformly stacked are arranged in the locking cavity 8 between the electrode plate 9 and the upper electrode plate 3, and the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component 6 extends into the locking cavity 8 and is connected to the lower surface of the upper electrode plate 3; there is a uniform electric field air gap 120 between each adjacent layer of discharge electrode plates 14, and the height of the electric field air gap 120 is 0.1mm-1mm; the discharge electrode plate 14 is a graphite sheet or a metal oxide electrode plate, and the present invention preferably uses a graphite sheet, and the free telescopic displacement component 6 is a temperature-sensitive spring, with a skirt or no skirt on the outer wall of the insulating shell 1; the electric field air gap 120 can control the impulse breakdown voltage to achieve insulation matching.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present invention, a sealed protective shell 100 is arranged between the top and bottom ends of the insulating shell 1, the lower end of the lightning electrode 2 extends into and is connected to the upper electrode plate 3 inside the top of the sealed protective shell 100, and the lower end of the sealed protective shell 100 is fixed on the surface of the lower electrode plate 4, and the upper electrode plate 3, the discharge electrode plate 14, the isolation electrode plate 9, the free telescopic displacement component 6, the displacement electrode 11, and the grounding electrode 10 form an arc extinguishing channel arranged in the sealed protective shell 100. When the surge suppressor is in use, a uniform and mutually connected electric field air gap 120 is formed between the discharge electrode plates 14 (graphite sheets), thereby forming a series structure of the liquid-electric effect dynamic forced arc extinguishing structure and the uniform electric field air gap; when the impact current and the power frequency current pass through the free telescopic displacement component, the temperature rise generated by the impact current and the power frequency current causes the temperature sensitive spring to contract to produce an initial arc liquid-electric effect, driving the displacement electrode 11 at the front end of the temperature sensitive spring and the temperature sensitive spring to displace simultaneously, stretching the arc and generating a dynamic liquid-electric effect pressure that increases as the arc is elongated, the liquid-electric effect pressure acts on the full-scale arc surface, generating a full-scale arc break in the liquid gap and forcibly extinguishing the power frequency follow-current arc, increasing the dielectric breakdown field strength from the full-scale long arc break and the liquid-electric effect pressure, thereby increasing the breakdown voltage of the arc break from two dimensions, and achieving a strong arc reignition suppression effect. Since the operating voltage of the surge suppressor is low, generally hundreds of volts to thousands of volts, and the operating environment is indoors or in an outdoor waterproof case, the external insulation will not be eroded and affected by rainwater, and the insulation requirements can be met without increasing the external insulation creepage distance. Therefore, its insulating shell 1 can adopt a skirt-free structure, and the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature-sensitive spring) is used to short-circuit the liquid gap to reduce the impulse breakdown voltage of the liquid-electric effect arc extinguishing chamber to zero; the breakdown voltage and power frequency withstand voltage of the arc extinguishing channel are determined by the breakdown voltage of the series external air gap; under the power frequency voltage condition, the electric field air gap 120 between the discharge electrode plates 14 (graphite sheets) is in an open circuit state and bears the full power frequency voltage, and the liquid-electric arc extinguishing chamber in a short circuit state will not cause a power frequency short circuit. The entire arc extinguishing channel is in an open circuit state. Under the action of lightning voltage, the electric field air gap 120 between the discharge electrode plates 14 (graphite sheets) breaks down preferentially through insulation coordination, which plays the role of limiting and transferring lightning charges; at the same time, when the impulse current and the power frequency current flow through the discharge electrode plates 14 (graphite sheets), the free telescopic displacement component 6 (temperature sensitive spring) connected in series with it contracts and changes its pitch, generating an impulse arc and a hydraulic effect pressure, forcibly extinguishing the power frequency continuous current, forming the role of limiting, transferring charges and forcibly extinguishing arcs. The existing surge suppressor has no forced arc extinguishing ability, which causes long current duration, high temperature rise causing insulation combustion, long-term short-circuit current electromotive force causing transformer winding distortion, wire fusing and long-term power outages.

[0046] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure, characterized in that: The displacement arc extinguishing structure comprises an insulating shell (1), a lightning contact electrode (2), a lower electrode plate (4), and a freely retractable displacement component (6) vertically arranged in the cavity of the insulating shell (1); the cavity of the insulating shell (1) is sealed and filled with insulating liquid (7); A lightning conductor (2) is vertically arranged at the top of the insulating shell (1), and the lower end of the lightning conductor (2) extends downward into the insulating shell (1) and is electrically connected to the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component (6); the lower electrode plate (4) is horizontally arranged inside the bottom end of the insulating shell (1), and a screw rod (5) is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the insulating shell (1), and the upper end of the screw rod (5) extends vertically upward into the bottom end of the cavity of the insulating shell (1) and is connected to the lower surface of the lower electrode plate (4), and the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component (6) extends vertically downward to above the lower electrode plate (4) and is in contact with the upper surface of the lower electrode plate (4) or is arranged with a gap.

2. The liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grounding electrode (10) is vertically fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the lower electrode plate (4), and a displacement electrode (11) is arranged at the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component (6), and the lower end of the displacement electrode (11) at the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component (6) is in contact with the tip of the grounding electrode (10) or is arranged with a gap.

3. The liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A displacement electrode (12) is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the displacement electrode (11), and the center of the surface of the displacement electrode (12) is in contact with the tip of the grounding electrode (10) or is arranged with a gap.

4. The liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper electrode plate (3) is fixedly arranged horizontally at the top of the cavity of the insulating shell (1); the lower end of the lightning contact electrode (2) extends downward into the insulating shell (1) and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper electrode plate (3); and the lower surface of the upper electrode plate (3) is electrically connected to the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component (6).

5. The liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A section of mutually connected locking cavity (8) is provided between the lower end of the lightning connecting electrode (2) and the top of the cavity of the insulating shell (1), and the diameter of the locking cavity (8) is smaller than the diameter of the cavity of the insulating shell (1). An upper electrode plate (3) is horizontally fixedly provided at the top of the locking cavity (8), and the lower end of the lightning connecting electrode (2) extends downward into the top of the locking cavity (8) and is connected to the center of the upper surface of the upper electrode plate (3). The upper end portion of the free telescopic displacement component (6) is provided in the locking cavity (8), and the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component (6) is connected to the lower surface of the upper electrode plate (3).

6. The liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A blocking electrode plate (9) is horizontally fixedly arranged in a locking cavity (8) above the top of the cavity inside the insulating shell (1); a plurality of discharge electrode plates (14) uniformly stacked are arranged in the locking cavity (8) between the blocking electrode plate (9) and the upper electrode plate (3); and the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component (6) extends into the locking cavity (8) and is connected to the lower surface of the blocking electrode plate (9).

7. The liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: There is a uniform electric field air gap (120) between each adjacent layer of discharge electrode plates (14), and the height of the electric field air gap (120) is 0.1 mm-1 mm; the discharge electrode plates (14) are graphite sheets or metal oxide plates.

8. A liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The free telescopic displacement component (6) is a temperature-sensitive spring, and a skirt (13) is provided on the outer wall of the insulating shell (1).

9. The arc extinguishing method of the liquid-electric effect dynamic displacement arc extinguishing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing method comprises the following steps: Before lightning connection, an arc extinguishing channel is established in the internal cavity of the insulating housing (1) through the lightning connection electrode (2), the upper electrode plate (3), the free telescopic displacement component (6), the lower electrode plate (4), and the screw rod (5); the free telescopic displacement component (6) is a temperature-sensitive spring; When lightning strikes, the impulse voltage breaks through the outer air gap above the lightning pole (2), and the impulse current and the power frequency current enter the arc extinguishing channel formed by the telescopic displacement component (6) composed of the temperature-sensitive spring in the insulating shell (1) from the lightning pole (2). When the current passes through the free telescopic displacement component (6), the temperature of the temperature-sensitive spring rises, and the impulse current and the power frequency current discharge in the gap of the insulating liquid (7) to form an initial short arc, triggering the initial liquid-electric effect and generating an initial liquid-electric effect pressure. The initial liquid-electric effect pressure drives the free telescopic displacement component (6) to shrink and move upward at a high speed, and the insulating liquid gap between the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component (6) and the lower electrode plate (4) suddenly increases, thereby instantly lengthening the discharge arc length, generating a high-intensity liquid-electric effect pressure acting on the surface of the long arc, forming a full-scale arc fracture, and forcibly extinguishing the impulse current and the power frequency continuous current.

10. A surge suppressor, comprising the shift arc extinguishing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The displacement arc extinguishing structure comprises an insulating shell (1), a lightning electrode (2), a lower electrode plate (4), and a freely retractable displacement component (6) vertically arranged in the cavity of the insulating shell (1); the cavity of the insulating shell (1) is sealed and filled with insulating liquid (7); the lightning electrode (2) is vertically arranged at the top of the insulating shell (1); the upper electrode plate (3) is horizontally fixedly arranged at the top of the cavity of the insulating shell (1); the lower electrode plate (4) is horizontally arranged inside the bottom end of the insulating shell (1); a screw rod (5) is vertically arranged outside the bottom end of the insulating shell (1); the upper end of the screw rod (5) vertically extends upward into the insulating outer shell. The bottom end of the cavity of the shell (1) is connected to the lower surface of the lower electrode plate (4), the lower end of the free telescopic displacement component (6) extends vertically downward to the upper part of the lower electrode plate (4) and is in contact with or spaced from the upper surface of the lower electrode plate (4), a blocking electrode plate (9) is horizontally fixedly arranged in a positioning cavity (8) above the top of the cavity of the insulating shell (1), a plurality of discharge electrode plates (14) uniformly stacked are arranged in the positioning cavity (8) between the blocking electrode plate (9) and the upper electrode plate (3), and the upper end of the free telescopic displacement component (6) extends into the positioning cavity (8) and is connected to the lower surface of the blocking electrode plate (9).

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