Thermal power generating unit coordinated variable load control method and system based on unit energy storage

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of power systems, and discloses a thermal power generating unit coordinated variable load control method and system based on unit energy storage, and the method comprises the steps: constructing an energy storage quantification model and a steam turbine energy conversion model according to an energy storage unit and a conversion unit, the total energy storage capacity of the thermal power generating unit thermodynamic system is calculated in combination with a weighted summation method; calculating an energy storage regulation factor of the thermal power generating unit based on the real-time energy storage state, the regulation sensitivity and the efficiency factor, and determining the regulation priority of the thermal power generating unit according to the energy storage regulation factor; and solving a load distribution scheme satisfying collaborative optimization of coal consumption, equipment loss and tracking precision by using a multi-objective optimization algorithm, and executing load distribution through a hierarchical control architecture. According to the method, the load adjusting capacity of the thermal power generating unit can be effectively improved, coal consumption increase and equipment loss caused by load fluctuation are reduced, meanwhile, the economical efficiency and safety of unit operation are improved, and powerful support is provided for stable operation of a modern power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular to a method and system for coordinated variable load control of thermal power units based on unit energy storage. Background Art

[0002] In modern power systems, thermal power units are still an important means of load regulation. However, with the large-scale access of renewable energy, the volatility of grid load has increased, which has put forward higher requirements for the flexibility and rapid regulation capabilities of thermal power units. Traditional load regulation methods for thermal power units usually rely on combustion control, regulating valve opening, and unit start-stop strategies, but these methods have problems such as response lag, low regulation accuracy, and increased coal consumption. In addition, when thermal power units are operated at low load, coal consumption increases due to decreased efficiency. At the same time, frequent load changes may aggravate equipment losses and affect the economy and safety of the unit. Therefore, how to improve the flexibility and energy efficiency of load regulation while ensuring stable unit operation has become a key issue in current research.

[0003] In recent years, the development of energy storage technology has provided new ideas for improving the regulation performance of thermal power units. For example, through the energy storage function of boilers, steam drums, water supply systems, etc., part of the energy can be released or absorbed in a short time, thereby alleviating the direct impact of load fluctuations on the unit. However, the existing energy storage utilization methods often lack a systematic coordinated control strategy, and it is difficult to give full play to the energy storage potential of thermal power units. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new control method that combines the energy storage characteristics of the unit and optimizes the load regulation strategy to improve the operating flexibility and economy of the thermal power unit while reducing equipment losses. Therefore, the present invention proposes a coordinated variable load control method and system for thermal power units based on unit energy storage. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for coordinated variable load control of a thermal power unit based on unit energy storage, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] In order to have a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not a general review, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or to describe the scope of protection of these embodiments. Its only purpose is to present some concepts in a simple form as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for coordinated variable load control of a thermal power unit based on unit energy storage is provided.

[0007] In one embodiment, the method for coordinated variable load control of a thermal power unit based on unit energy storage comprises:

[0008] According to the energy storage unit and conversion unit, the energy storage quantification model and the turbine energy conversion model are constructed, and the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit is calculated by combining the weighted summation method;

[0009] Based on the real-time energy storage status, regulation sensitivity and efficiency factor, the energy storage regulation factor of the thermal power unit is calculated, and the regulation priority of the thermal power unit is determined according to the energy storage regulation factor;

[0010] A multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to solve the load distribution scheme that satisfies the coordinated optimization of coal consumption, equipment loss and tracking accuracy, and the load distribution is executed through a hierarchical control architecture.

[0011] In one embodiment, the method of constructing a storage energy quantification model and a steam turbine energy conversion model according to the energy storage unit and calculating the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit by combining the weighted summation method includes:

[0012] Construct the energy storage quantification model of boiler, steam drum and feedwater system according to the energy storage unit, and construct the energy conversion model of steam turbine according to the energy conversion unit;

[0013] Based on the weighted summation method, the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit is calculated in combination with the energy storage conditions of the boiler, steam drum and feedwater system.

[0014] In one embodiment, the boiler energy storage quantification model is expressed as:

[0015] ;

[0016] The expression of the drum storage energy quantification model is:

[0017] ;

[0018] The expression of the water supply system energy storage quantification model is:

[0019] ;

[0020] Where, T b represents the boiler heat storage time constant, Q b,i represents the boiler heat storage of the i-th thermal power unit, dQ b,i represents the differential change of the heat storage capacity of the boiler of the i-th thermal power unit, K b Represents the heat storage coefficient, P th,i represents the theoretical steam pressure of the i-th thermal power unit, P out,i represents the actual output pressure of the i-th thermal power unit, Q drum,i represents the drum storage capacity of the i-th thermal power unit, V drum,i represents the geometric volume of the steam drum of the i-th thermal power unit, dP represents the differential change of the steam drum pressure, ρ(T) represents the density of the steam-water mixture, Qfw,i represents the energy storage capacity of the water supply system of the i-th thermal power unit, m fw,i represents the feed water mass flow rate of the i-th thermal power unit, c p represents specific heat capacity, △T represents temperature difference, and ε represents the thermal inertia coefficient of the pipeline.

[0021] In one embodiment, the expression of the steam turbine energy conversion model is:

[0022] ;

[0023] Where, T t represents the turbine response time constant, P t Indicates the turbine output power, K t represents the turbine gain coefficient, and μ represents the opening of the control valve.

[0024] In one embodiment, the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit is calculated as follows:

[0025] ;

[0026] In the formula, Q total represents the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit, n represents the number of thermal power units participating in the coordinated control, Q b,i represents the boiler heat storage of the i-th thermal power unit, Q drum,i represents the drum storage capacity of the i-th thermal power unit, Q fw,i represents the energy storage capacity of the water supply system of the i-th thermal power unit, α i , β i , γ i They respectively represent the weight coefficients of the boiler, steam drum and feedwater storage in the i-th thermal power unit.

[0027] In one embodiment, the calculation of the energy storage adjustment factor of the thermal power unit based on the real-time energy storage state, the adjustment sensitivity and the efficiency factor, and the determination of the adjustment priority of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage adjustment factor include:

[0028] Obtain the real-time operating parameters of the thermal power unit and perform noise filtering and unit standardization processing, where the operating parameters include boiler heat storage, main steam pressure change rate, regulating valve opening and current load rate;

[0029] Based on the real-time operating parameters of the thermal power unit, calculate the energy storage availability, regulation sensitivity coefficient and efficiency correction factor of the thermal power unit;

[0030] The energy storage regulation factor of the thermal power unit is calculated according to the energy storage availability, the regulation sensitivity coefficient and the efficiency correction factor, and the regulation priority of the thermal power unit is determined according to the energy storage regulation factor.

[0031] In one embodiment, the calculation formula for energy storage availability is:

[0032] ;

[0033] The calculation formula for adjusting the sensitivity coefficient is:

[0034] ;

[0035] The calculation formula of efficiency correction factor is:

[0036] ;

[0037] The calculation formula of energy storage adjustment factor is:

[0038] ;

[0039] In the formula, S a,i represents the energy storage availability of the i-th thermal power unit, Q current Indicates the current stored energy, Q min Indicates the minimum energy storage, Q max represents the maximum energy storage capacity, λ represents the time attenuation coefficient, t represents the current energy storage continuous use time, ξ i Indicates the regulation sensitivity coefficient of the i-th thermal power unit, (dP / dt) max It indicates the maximum pressure change rate under unit opening change, Δμ indicates the valve opening change, T ref represents the reference time constant, T t represents the turbine response time constant, η i represents the efficiency correction factor of the i-th thermal power unit, η nom,i represents the rated load efficiency of the i-th thermal power unit, L opt represents the optimal economic load point, ESF i represents the energy storage adjustment factor of the i-th thermal power unit, n represents the number of thermal power units participating in coordinated control, and w 1 、w 2 、w 3 They respectively represent the weights of energy storage availability, adjustment sensitivity coefficient and efficiency correction factor.

[0040] In one embodiment, determining the regulation priority of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage regulation factor includes:

[0041] When the energy storage adjustment factor is greater than the first threshold, the thermal power unit is determined as a primary response unit;

[0042] When the energy storage adjustment factor is greater than the second threshold value and less than or equal to the first threshold value, the thermal power unit is determined as a secondary response unit;

[0043] When the energy storage adjustment factor is less than or equal to the second threshold, the thermal power unit is determined as a standby unit;

[0044] Among them, the first threshold is greater than the second threshold, and the priorities of the first-level response unit, the second-level response unit and the standby unit decrease in sequence.

[0045] In one embodiment, the method of using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve a load distribution scheme that satisfies the coordinated optimization of coal consumption, equipment loss, and tracking accuracy, and executing load distribution through a hierarchical control architecture includes:

[0046] Establish a multi-objective optimization model that includes coal consumption economy, equipment loss rate and load tracking accuracy, and define the unit dynamic characteristic constraints and energy storage safety boundaries;

[0047] Using multi-objective optimization algorithms, integrating real-time operation data and equipment health status, and generating a set of non-inferior solutions that meet the constraints through iterative calculations;

[0048] Based on the selection of the focus target of the power grid dispatching mode, the fuzzy decision method is used to determine the final load distribution plan, and the optimized load instructions of each thermal power unit are obtained;

[0049] Decompose the optimized load instructions of each thermal power unit into feedforward coarse adjustment instructions and dynamic compensation, and complete the hierarchical control architecture execution load distribution through the instruction decomposition layer, dynamic compensation layer, safety constraint layer and execution feedback layer;

[0050] Among them, the instruction decomposition layer pre-allocates the load according to the unit capacity and regulation capability; the dynamic compensation layer monitors the deviation of key parameters in real time and calculates the energy storage compensation; the safety constraint layer verifies the safety boundaries of temperature and vibration and triggers the hierarchical protection mechanism; the execution feedback layer collects the actual action volume and updates the model parameters to form a closed-loop control.

[0051] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a coordinated variable load control system for a thermal power unit based on unit energy storage is provided.

[0052] In one embodiment, the coordinated variable load control system for thermal power units based on unit energy storage includes:

[0053] The unit energy storage characteristic modeling module is used to build the energy storage quantification model and the turbine energy conversion model based on the energy storage unit and the conversion unit, and calculate the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit in combination with the weighted summation method;

[0054] The energy storage regulation factor dynamic calculation module is used to calculate the energy storage regulation factor of the thermal power unit based on the real-time energy storage state, regulation sensitivity and efficiency factor, and determine the regulation priority of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage regulation factor;

[0055] The multi-objective coordinated control module is used to use a multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve a load distribution plan that satisfies the coordinated optimization of coal consumption, equipment loss and tracking accuracy, and to execute load distribution through a hierarchical control architecture.

[0056] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer device is provided.

[0057] In some embodiments, the computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the above method when executing the computer program.

[0058] According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided.

[0059] In one embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program implements the steps of the above method when executed by a processor.

[0060] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention may have the following beneficial effects:

[0061] The present invention constructs a storage energy quantification model and a turbine energy conversion model, and calculates the total energy storage capacity of the thermal power unit in combination with the weighted summation method, so as to realize an accurate evaluation of the energy storage of the unit's thermal system. Furthermore, by real-time monitoring of the unit's energy storage state, regulation sensitivity and efficiency factor, the energy storage regulation factor is calculated, and the load regulation priority of the unit is determined based on the regulation factor, so that the load regulation process is more flexible and efficient. In addition, the present invention adopts a multi-objective optimization algorithm to generate an optimal load distribution plan on the basis of meeting the collaborative optimization goals of coal consumption, equipment loss and load tracking accuracy, and realizes refined load scheduling through a hierarchical control architecture. This method can effectively improve the load regulation capability of thermal power units, reduce the increase in coal consumption and equipment loss caused by load fluctuations, and at the same time improve the economy and safety of unit operation, providing strong support for the stable operation of modern power grids.

[0062] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0064] Figure 1 is a flow chart showing a method for coordinated variable load control of a thermal power unit based on unit energy storage according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0065] Figure 2It is a structural block diagram of a coordinated variable load control system of a thermal power unit based on unit energy storage according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0066] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a computer device according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The following description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate the specific embodiments of this article so that those skilled in the art can practice them. Parts and features of some embodiments may be included in or replace parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments of this article includes the entire scope of the claims, as well as all available equivalents of the claims. Herein, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish one element from another, without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between these elements. In fact, the first element can also be called the second element, and vice versa. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the structure, device or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also include elements inherent to such structure, device or equipment. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the structure, device or equipment including the elements. Each embodiment is described in a progressive manner herein, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0068] The terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. in this document indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this document and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of this document, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, it can also be the internal communication of two elements, it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0069] As used herein, the term "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise specified.

[0070] In this document, the character " / " indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0071] In this article, the term "and / or" is a description of the association relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or, A and B.

[0072] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flow chart are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear description in this article, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the figure may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0073] Each module in the device or system of the present application can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, or a combination thereof. The above modules can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in a memory in a computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute operations corresponding to the above modules.

[0074] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0075] Figure 1 An embodiment of the method for coordinated variable load control of a thermal power unit based on unit energy storage of the present invention is shown.

[0076] In this optional embodiment, the method for coordinated variable load control of a thermal power unit based on unit energy storage includes:

[0077] Step S101, constructing a storage energy quantification model and a steam turbine energy conversion model according to the energy storage unit and the conversion unit, and calculating the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit in combination with the weighted summation method;

[0078] The method of constructing a storage energy quantification model and a steam turbine energy conversion model based on the energy storage unit and calculating the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit by combining the weighted summation method includes:

[0079] Construct the energy storage quantification model of boiler, steam drum and feedwater system according to the energy storage unit, and construct the energy conversion model of steam turbine according to the energy conversion unit;

[0080] Based on the weighted summation method, the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit is calculated by combining the energy storage conditions of the boiler, steam drum and feedwater system;

[0081] Specifically, the expression of the boiler energy storage quantification model is:

[0082] ;

[0083] The expression of the drum storage energy quantification model is:

[0084] ;

[0085] The expression of the water supply system energy storage quantification model is:

[0086] ;

[0087] The expression of steam turbine energy conversion model is:

[0088] ;

[0089] The calculation formula for the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of a thermal power unit is:

[0090] ;

[0091] Where, T b represents the boiler heat storage time constant, Q b,i represents the boiler heat storage of the i-th thermal power unit, dQ b,i represents the differential change of the heat storage capacity of the boiler of the i-th thermal power unit, K b Represents the heat storage coefficient, P th,i represents the theoretical steam pressure of the i-th thermal power unit, P out,i represents the actual output pressure of the i-th thermal power unit, Q drum,i represents the drum storage capacity of the i-th thermal power unit, V drum,i represents the geometric volume of the steam drum of the i-th thermal power unit, dP represents the differential change of the steam drum pressure, ρ(T) represents the density of the steam-water mixture, Q fw,i represents the energy storage capacity of the water supply system of the i-th thermal power unit, m fw,i represents the feed water mass flow rate of the i-th thermal power unit, c p represents specific heat capacity, △T represents temperature difference, ε represents thermal inertia coefficient of pipeline, T t represents the turbine response time constant, P t Indicates the turbine output power, K t represents the turbine gain coefficient, μ represents the opening of the regulating valve, Q total represents the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit, n represents the number of thermal power units participating in the coordinated control, Q b,irepresents the boiler heat storage of the i-th thermal power unit, Q drum,i represents the drum storage capacity of the i-th thermal power unit, Q fw,i represents the energy storage capacity of the water supply system of the i-th thermal power unit, α i , β i , γ i They represent the weight coefficients of boiler, steam drum and feedwater storage in the i-th thermal power unit respectively;

[0092] Step S102: Calculate the energy storage adjustment factor of the thermal power unit based on the real-time energy storage state, adjustment sensitivity and efficiency factor, and determine the adjustment priority of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage adjustment factor;

[0093] The step of calculating the energy storage adjustment factor of the thermal power unit based on the real-time energy storage state, adjustment sensitivity and efficiency factor, and determining the adjustment priority of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage adjustment factor includes:

[0094] Obtain the real-time operating parameters of the thermal power unit and perform noise filtering and unit standardization processing, where the operating parameters include boiler heat storage, main steam pressure change rate, regulating valve opening and current load rate;

[0095] Based on the real-time operating parameters of the thermal power unit, calculate the energy storage availability, regulation sensitivity coefficient and efficiency correction factor of the thermal power unit;

[0096] Calculate the energy storage regulation factor of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage availability, regulation sensitivity coefficient and efficiency correction factor, and determine the regulation priority of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage regulation factor;

[0097] Specifically, the calculation formula for energy storage availability is:

[0098] ;

[0099] The calculation formula for adjusting the sensitivity coefficient is:

[0100] ;

[0101] The calculation formula of efficiency correction factor is:

[0102] ;

[0103] The calculation formula of energy storage adjustment factor is:

[0104] ;

[0105] In the formula, S a,i represents the energy storage availability of the i-th thermal power unit, Q current Indicates the current stored energy, Q min Indicates the minimum energy storage, Qmax represents the maximum energy storage capacity, λ represents the time attenuation coefficient, t represents the current energy storage continuous use time, ξ i Indicates the regulation sensitivity coefficient of the i-th thermal power unit, (dP / dt) max It indicates the maximum pressure change rate under unit opening change, Δμ indicates the valve opening change, T ref represents the reference time constant, T t represents the turbine response time constant, η i represents the efficiency correction factor of the i-th thermal power unit, η nom,i represents the rated load efficiency of the i-th thermal power unit, L opt represents the optimal economic load point, ESF i represents the energy storage adjustment factor of the i-th thermal power unit, n represents the number of thermal power units participating in coordinated control, and w 1 、w 2 、w 3 They represent the weights of energy storage availability, adjustment sensitivity coefficient and efficiency correction factor respectively;

[0106] Specifically, determining the regulation priority of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage regulation factor includes:

[0107] When the energy storage adjustment factor is greater than the first threshold, the thermal power unit is determined as a primary response unit;

[0108] When the energy storage adjustment factor is greater than the second threshold value and less than or equal to the first threshold value, the thermal power unit is determined as a secondary response unit;

[0109] When the energy storage adjustment factor is less than or equal to the second threshold, the thermal power unit is determined as a standby unit;

[0110] In this embodiment, the first threshold is 0.8, the second threshold is 0.6, and the priority of the first-level response unit (bearing 60% load change), the second-level response unit (bearing 30% load change) and the standby unit (bearing 10% load change) decreases in order;

[0111] Step S103, using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve a load distribution scheme that satisfies the coordinated optimization of coal consumption, equipment loss and tracking accuracy, and executing load distribution through a hierarchical control architecture;

[0112] The method of using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve a load distribution scheme that satisfies the coordinated optimization of coal consumption, equipment loss and tracking accuracy, and executing load distribution through a hierarchical control architecture includes:

[0113] 1) Establish a multi-objective optimization model that includes coal consumption economy, equipment loss rate and load tracking accuracy, and define the unit dynamic characteristic constraints and energy storage safety boundaries;

[0114] Specifically, the objective function is defined as follows:

[0115] Coal consumption economy: establish coal consumption-load characteristic curve;

[0116] Equipment loss rate: quantify the relationship between valve operation frequency and mechanical stress;

[0117] Tracking accuracy: define the load instruction deviation penalty function;

[0118] The expression of the objective function is:

[0119] ;

[0120] In the formula, f 1 、f 2 、f 3 They represent coal consumption economy, equipment loss, and tracking accuracy, respectively; N represents the total number of thermal power units participating in coordinated control; D represents the total load demand of the power grid; and x i represents the actual output of the i-th unit, a i represents the quadratic coefficient of coal consumption characteristics, b i Indicates the first-order coefficient of coal consumption characteristics, c i Coal consumption constant term, d i represents the equipment loss coefficient, Δx i Indicates the change in unit output;

[0121] The constraints are set as follows:

[0122] Dynamic characteristic constraints: main steam pressure / temperature change rate limit;

[0123] Energy storage safety boundary: set upper and lower limits of energy storage and recovery rate;

[0124] Equipment health constraints: vibration / wear parameter operating thresholds;

[0125] 2) Using a multi-objective optimization algorithm, integrating real-time operation data and equipment health status, and generating a set of non-inferior solutions that meet the constraints through iterative calculation, specifically including:

[0126] Real-time data fusion and preprocessing: The real-time operating parameters of the unit are obtained through the data acquisition system, including key indicators such as current load, main steam pressure, metal temperature, etc., and the vibration, wear and other status data of the equipment health monitoring system are read simultaneously. The data is standardized, outliers are removed, and missing data is supplemented to form an input matrix with multi-dimensional characteristics of economy, safety, and responsiveness, providing a high-quality data foundation for optimization calculations;

[0127] Initialization configuration of optimization algorithm: select target weight strategy according to the current grid dispatch mode, increase tracking accuracy weight in frequency regulation mode, and increase coal consumption optimization weight in economic mode. Initialize improved NSGA-III algorithm parameters, set population size to 50-100 groups of candidate solutions, define evolution parameters such as crossover probability and mutation probability, and load unit dynamic characteristic constraint library and safe operation boundary database;

[0128] Dynamic constraint iterative calculation: During the algorithm iteration process, the compliance of each candidate solution with constraints such as unit ramp rate, energy storage boundary, and metal thermal stress is verified in real time. Dynamic relaxation technology is used to moderately relax critical constraints and retain infeasible solutions with improvement potential. After each generation of population evolution, the influencing factors of the equipment health status on the constraint boundary are updated to ensure that the optimization direction matches the actual operating conditions;

[0129] Generation and screening of non-inferior solution sets: The population is divided into different frontier levels through fast non-dominated sorting, and high-level solution sets are retained first. The reference point guidance strategy is used to evenly distribute the solution sets in the target space to ensure diversity. Adaptive perturbation mutation is performed on repeated solutions, and the final output is a Pareto frontier containing 20-30 sets of non-inferior solutions, covering feasible solutions with different target trade-offs;

[0130] Online decision support preparation: Visualize the dimensionality reduction of the non-inferior solution set and generate a two-dimensional radar chart to show the performance distribution of each solution in terms of coal consumption, loss, accuracy, etc. Mark the satisfaction status of key constraints and equipment health risk warning information, and provide decision support reports including solution comparison, trend prediction, and risk warnings for operators, waiting for manual confirmation or automatic execution;

[0131] 3) Based on the grid dispatching mode, the focus target is selected and the final load distribution plan is determined by fuzzy decision-making method to obtain the optimized load instructions of each thermal power unit, including:

[0132] Intelligent identification of dispatching modes: Real-time analysis of the characteristics of power grid dispatching instructions, automatic determination of the current operating mode through parameters such as AGC instruction change rate, load demand stability, and equipment health warning signals: Activate frequency modulation mode when the AGC instruction changes by more than 1% of rated power per minute; Switch to economic mode when the load demand fluctuates by less than 0.5% for 30 minutes; Enable safety mode when the health score of key equipment is detected to be below the threshold, and form a mode priority list;

[0133] Dynamic calculation of target membership: According to the identified operation mode, adjust the weight coefficient of each target in the decision-making: the tracking accuracy weight is increased to 60% in frequency modulation mode, the coal consumption optimization weight is 55% in economic mode, and the equipment loss weight is set to 50% in safety mode. Construct a triangular membership function to map the coal consumption value, loss rate, and tracking error of each candidate solution to the [0,1] interval, and quantify the degree to which the solution meets each target;

[0134] Synthesis of comprehensive decision-making indicators: The weighted average method is used to integrate the multi-objective membership. The frequency modulation mode is synthesized with a weight of 0.6 (accuracy), 0.3 (loss), and 0.1 (coal consumption). The economic mode uses a weight configuration of 0.1 (accuracy), 0.4 (loss), and 0.5 (coal consumption). The top 10% of the candidate solutions are rechecked to eliminate the solutions with excessive energy storage release rate or abnormal valve action frequency;

[0135] Verification and correction of the optimal solution: Input the preliminary solution into the unit dynamic simulation model to predict the change trend of key parameters such as main steam pressure and metal temperature in the next 5 minutes. If the risk of parameter exceeding the limit is predicted, the load change amplitude of the corresponding unit in the solution is automatically reduced, and the target membership is recalculated. The safety of the solution in the dynamic process is ensured through three iterations of verification;

[0136] Load instruction generation and confirmation: Convert the verified scheme into specific load instructions for each unit, with the instruction value accurate to 0.1MW. Highlight the key monitoring units and their control parameters on the DCS screen, and generate a decision report containing expected coal consumption, estimated losses, and risk warnings. After confirmation by the operator, the instruction is automatically sent to the unit coordination control system, and the execution process tracking module is started at the same time;

[0137] 4) Decompose the optimized load instructions of each thermal power unit into feedforward coarse adjustment instructions and dynamic compensation. Through the instruction decomposition layer, dynamic compensation layer, safety constraint layer and execution feedback layer, complete the hierarchical control architecture to execute load distribution, including:

[0138] Instruction decomposition layer processing: Receive the total load instruction issued by the optimization system, and make initial allocation according to the unit's real-time regulation capability index (RACI). RACI is calculated by the unit's current energy storage level, health status score, and historical regulation accuracy. High RACI units receive more load change quotas. Generate a feedforward coarse adjustment instruction containing the benchmark load value and the allowable fluctuation range, and transmit it to the coordinated control system of each unit;

[0139] Dynamic compensation layer adjustment: real-time monitoring of the deviation between the main steam pressure, feed water flow and the target value of key parameters, and calculation of the rapid release demand of energy storage. Dynamic compensation is increased for units with negative pressure deviation, and the compensation amplitude is proportional to the deviation size and energy storage availability. The lag-advance filtering algorithm is used to process compensation instructions to eliminate the impact of high-frequency fluctuations on the actuator and ensure a smooth adjustment process;

[0140] Safety constraint layer verification: multi-level safety verification is performed before the command is executed: the first level verification compares the current metal temperature with the allowable change rate; the second level verification evaluates whether the vibration spectrum characteristics are abnormal; the third level verification predicts whether the energy storage state exceeds the limit in the next 3 minutes. If any of the verifications fails, the load command is dynamically downgraded, the load change of the problem unit is reduced according to the preset rules, and the standby unit is started for compensation;

[0141] Execute feedback layer closed loop: collect actual action feedback of each actuator (turbine throttle, feed water pump, etc.) and calculate command tracking error. Start adaptive correction for units that continuously exceed tolerance: fine-tune the compensation coefficient when the error is less than 2%; recalculate the RACI value when the error is 2%-5%; trigger control mode switching when the error exceeds 5%. Synchronously update optimization model parameters to form a closed-loop learning mechanism;

[0142] Full-process status monitoring: During the execution of load distribution, the three-dimensional visualization interface displays the status of each level in real time: instruction decomposition ratio, compensation distribution, safety verification results, and execution error statistics. Abnormal status automatically pops up a multi-dimensional diagnostic view, providing advanced functions such as historical trend comparison, related parameter analysis, and disposal suggestion generation to support operators in making quick decisions.

[0143] Figure 2 An embodiment of a coordinated variable load control system for a thermal power unit based on unit energy storage according to the present invention is shown.

[0144] In this optional embodiment, the coordinated variable load control system of the thermal power unit based on unit energy storage includes:

[0145] The unit energy storage characteristic modeling module 201 is used to construct an energy storage quantification model and a steam turbine energy conversion model according to the energy storage unit and the conversion unit, and calculate the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit in combination with the weighted summation method;

[0146] The energy storage adjustment factor dynamic calculation module 202 is used to calculate the energy storage adjustment factor of the thermal power unit based on the real-time energy storage state, adjustment sensitivity and efficiency factor, and determine the adjustment priority of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage adjustment factor;

[0147] The multi-objective coordinated control module 203 is used to use a multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve a load distribution plan that satisfies the coordinated optimization of coal consumption, equipment loss and tracking accuracy, and to execute load distribution through a hierarchical control architecture.

[0148] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 3 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory and a network interface connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store static information and dynamic information data. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps in the above method embodiment are implemented.

[0149] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 3 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present invention, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present invention is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0150] In addition, the present invention also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the steps in the above method embodiment when executing the computer program.

[0151] In addition, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiment are implemented.

[0152] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided by the present invention can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory or optical memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM).

[0153] The present invention is not limited to the structures which have been described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated variable load control of thermal power units based on unit energy storage, characterized in that: include: According to the energy storage unit and conversion unit, the energy storage quantification model and the turbine energy conversion model are constructed, and the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit is calculated by combining the weighted summation method; Based on the real-time energy storage status, regulation sensitivity and efficiency factor, the energy storage regulation factor of the thermal power unit is calculated, and the regulation priority of the thermal power unit is determined according to the energy storage regulation factor; A multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to solve the load distribution scheme that satisfies the coordinated optimization of coal consumption, equipment loss and tracking accuracy, and the load distribution is executed through a hierarchical control architecture.

2. The method for coordinated variable load control of thermal power units based on unit energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy storage quantification model and the steam turbine energy conversion model are constructed according to the energy storage unit, and the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit is calculated by combining the weighted summation method, including: Construct the energy storage quantification model of boiler, steam drum and feedwater system according to the energy storage unit, and construct the energy conversion model of steam turbine according to the energy conversion unit; Based on the weighted summation method, the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit is calculated in combination with the energy storage conditions of the boiler, steam drum and feedwater system.

3. The method for coordinated variable load control of thermal power units based on unit energy storage according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The expression of boiler energy storage quantification model is: ； The expression of the drum storage energy quantification model is: ； The expression of the water supply system energy storage quantification model is: ； Where, T b represents the boiler heat storage time constant, Q b,i represents the boiler heat storage of the i-th thermal power unit, dQ b,i represents the differential change of the heat storage capacity of the boiler of the i-th thermal power unit, K b Represents the heat storage coefficient, P th,i represents the theoretical steam pressure of the i-th thermal power unit, P out,i represents the actual output pressure of the i-th thermal power unit, Q drum,i represents the drum storage capacity of the i-th thermal power unit, V drum,i represents the geometric volume of the steam drum of the i-th thermal power unit, dP represents the differential change of the steam drum pressure, ρ(T) represents the density of the steam-water mixture, Q fw,i represents the energy storage capacity of the water supply system of the i-th thermal power unit, m fw,i represents the feed water mass flow rate of the i-th thermal power unit, c p represents specific heat capacity, △T represents temperature difference, and ε represents the thermal inertia coefficient of the pipeline.

4. The method for coordinated variable load control of thermal power units based on unit energy storage according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The expression of steam turbine energy conversion model is: ； Where, T t represents the turbine response time constant, P t Indicates the turbine output power, K t represents the turbine gain coefficient, and μ represents the opening of the control valve.

5. The method for coordinated variable load control of thermal power units based on unit energy storage according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of a thermal power unit is: ； In the formula, Q total represents the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit, n represents the number of thermal power units participating in the coordinated control, Q b,i represents the boiler heat storage of the i-th thermal power unit, Q drum,i represents the drum storage capacity of the i-th thermal power unit, Q fw,i represents the energy storage capacity of the water supply system of the i-th thermal power unit, α i , β i , γ i They respectively represent the weight coefficients of the boiler, steam drum and feedwater storage in the i-th thermal power unit.

6. The method for coordinated variable load control of thermal power units based on unit energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of calculating the energy storage adjustment factor of the thermal power unit based on the real-time energy storage state, the adjustment sensitivity and the efficiency factor, and determining the adjustment priority of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage adjustment factor includes: Obtain the real-time operating parameters of the thermal power unit and perform noise filtering and unit standardization processing, where the operating parameters include boiler heat storage, main steam pressure change rate, regulating valve opening and current load rate; Based on the real-time operating parameters of the thermal power unit, calculate the energy storage availability, regulation sensitivity coefficient and efficiency correction factor of the thermal power unit; The energy storage regulation factor of the thermal power unit is calculated according to the energy storage availability, the regulation sensitivity coefficient and the efficiency correction factor, and the regulation priority of the thermal power unit is determined according to the energy storage regulation factor.

7. The method for coordinated variable load control of thermal power units based on unit energy storage according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for energy storage availability is: ； The calculation formula for adjusting the sensitivity coefficient is: ； The calculation formula of efficiency correction factor is: ； The calculation formula of energy storage adjustment factor is: ； In the formula, S a,i represents the energy storage availability of the i-th thermal power unit, Q current Indicates the current stored energy, Q min Indicates the minimum energy storage, Q max represents the maximum energy storage capacity, λ represents the time attenuation coefficient, t represents the current energy storage continuous use time, ξ i Indicates the regulation sensitivity coefficient of the i-th thermal power unit, (dP / dt) max It indicates the maximum pressure change rate under unit opening change, Δμ indicates the valve opening change, T ref represents the reference time constant, T t represents the turbine response time constant, η i represents the efficiency correction factor of the i-th thermal power unit, η nom,i represents the rated load efficiency of the i-th thermal power unit, L opt represents the optimal economic load point, ESF i represents the energy storage regulation factor of the i-th thermal power unit, n represents the number of thermal power units participating in coordinated control, w1, w2, and w3 represent the weights of energy storage availability, regulation sensitivity coefficient, and efficiency correction factor, respectively.

8. The method for coordinated variable load control of thermal power units based on unit energy storage according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Determining the regulation priority of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage regulation factor includes: When the energy storage adjustment factor is greater than the first threshold, the thermal power unit is determined as a primary response unit; When the energy storage adjustment factor is greater than the second threshold value and less than or equal to the first threshold value, the thermal power unit is determined as a secondary response unit; When the energy storage adjustment factor is less than or equal to the second threshold, the thermal power unit is determined as a standby unit; Among them, the first threshold is greater than the second threshold, and the priorities of the first-level response unit, the second-level response unit and the standby unit decrease in sequence.

9. The method for coordinated variable load control of thermal power units based on unit energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of using a multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve a load distribution scheme that satisfies the coordinated optimization of coal consumption, equipment loss and tracking accuracy, and executing load distribution through a hierarchical control architecture includes: Establish a multi-objective optimization model that includes coal consumption economy, equipment loss rate and load tracking accuracy, and define the unit dynamic characteristic constraints and energy storage safety boundaries; Using multi-objective optimization algorithms, integrating real-time operation data and equipment health status, and generating a set of non-inferior solutions that meet the constraints through iterative calculations; Based on the selection of the focus target of the power grid dispatching mode, the fuzzy decision method is used to determine the final load distribution plan, and the optimized load instructions of each thermal power unit are obtained; Decompose the optimized load instructions of each thermal power unit into feedforward coarse adjustment instructions and dynamic compensation, and complete the hierarchical control architecture execution load distribution through the instruction decomposition layer, dynamic compensation layer, safety constraint layer and execution feedback layer; Among them, the instruction decomposition layer pre-allocates the load according to the unit capacity and regulation capability; the dynamic compensation layer monitors the deviation of key parameters in real time and calculates the energy storage compensation; the safety constraint layer verifies the safety boundaries of temperature and vibration and triggers the hierarchical protection mechanism; the execution feedback layer collects the actual action volume and updates the model parameters to form a closed-loop control.

10. A coordinated variable load control system for thermal power units based on unit energy storage, characterized in that: include: The unit energy storage characteristic modeling module is used to build the energy storage quantification model and the turbine energy conversion model based on the energy storage unit and the conversion unit, and calculate the total energy storage capacity of the thermal system of the thermal power unit in combination with the weighted summation method; The energy storage regulation factor dynamic calculation module is used to calculate the energy storage regulation factor of the thermal power unit based on the real-time energy storage state, regulation sensitivity and efficiency factor, and determine the regulation priority of the thermal power unit according to the energy storage regulation factor; The multi-objective coordinated control module is used to use a multi-objective optimization algorithm to solve a load distribution plan that satisfies the coordinated optimization of coal consumption, equipment loss and tracking accuracy, and to execute load distribution through a hierarchical control architecture.

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