Unmanned aerial vehicle identification method based on S-mode inquiry response type 5.8 GHz channel

Abstract

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle identification method based on an S-mode inquiry and response type 5.8 GHz channel, and relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and the method comprises the steps: constructing an unmanned aerial vehicle identification system which comprises a management system, ground station equipment and airborne end equipment, and installing one airborne end equipment with a unique identity address code on each unmanned aerial vehicle; each ground station device periodically sends inquiry signals to the unmanned aerial vehicles in the range in a 5790MHz frequency band broadcast inquiry mode or a specific identity address code roll-call inquiry mode; when receiving an inquiry signal sent by the ground station equipment, the airborne end equipment replies identification information of the unmanned aerial vehicle in a 5850 MHz frequency band response mode; and the ground station equipment transmits the received unmanned aerial vehicle identification information to the management system. The technical problem that a traditional unmanned aerial vehicle identification mode cannot accurately identify the identity and the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and in particular to a method for identifying unmanned aerial vehicles based on a 5.8 GHz channel in an S-mode inquiry and response manner. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, my country's drone technology and low-altitude economy have developed rapidly. More and more drones of various types have been used in various industries, and the low-altitude drone flight airspace has become increasingly crowded. At present, there is a lack of an effective technical method to accurately identify low-altitude drones and track the flight position and flight parameters of drones in real time, and it is impossible to systematically and comprehensively identify and manage various types of drones. Therefore, the take-off, landing and flight of various types of drones are in an unregulated state, which causes great waste of low-altitude airspace and also brings great flight safety risks.

[0003] Traditional drone identification methods include radar detection and radio identification, which have the following disadvantages: 1. Radar detection of drones can only track the approximate location of the drone, but cannot accurately identify the drone’s identity and flight location; 2. The radio identification method mainly identifies the radio signal of the drone communication module. It can only identify the wireless working frequency and approximate direction, but cannot identify the specific identity of the current drone; 3. The identification method using radio detection or radar tracking is prone to large identification errors, resulting in misidentification of other radio signals or flying objects in space; 4. The current drone identification technology only supports the identification of the approximate location of the drone, and cannot systematically identify the drone and manage the entire flight process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a drone identification method based on a 5.8GHz channel of the S-mode inquiry and response method to solve the technical problems that the traditional drone identification method cannot accurately identify the identity and location of the drone.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for identifying a drone in a 5.8 GHz channel based on an S-mode inquiry and response method, comprising the steps of: Build a drone identification system, which includes a management system, ground station equipment and airborne terminal equipment. Each drone is equipped with an airborne terminal equipment with a unique identity address code. The management system deploys the number of ground station equipment according to the coverage and management area requirements. Each ground station device periodically sends inquiry signals to drones within range in the 5790MHz frequency band broadcast inquiry mode or the roll-call inquiry mode for specific identity address codes; When the airborne terminal receives the inquiry signal sent by the ground station device, it uses the 5850MHz frequency band response mode to reply the drone's own identification information, which includes the unique identity address code of each drone's airborne terminal and the current drone's flight status parameters; The ground station equipment transmits the received drone identification information to the management system. The management system displays the drone identification data in the management area, records the drone operation data, and configures and displays the operation status of the entire drone identification system.

[0006] Furthermore, the airborne terminal device has a unique identity address code and is strongly bound to the drone, and has an anti-disassembly function.

[0007] Further, the airborne terminal device includes a transceiver antenna, a first transceiver component, a first frequency converter unit, a first analog-to-digital conversion unit and a first signal processing unit connected in sequence; The transceiver antenna is used to realize the functions of receiving the inquiry signal and transmitting the response signal; The first transceiver component is used to realize the switching of the transceiver state and the low noise power amplification of the receiving and transmitting signals; The first frequency converter unit is used to realize the down-conversion processing of the received signal and the up-conversion processing of the transmitted signal, and is also used to adjust the working frequency band of the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder by changing the frequency conversion parameters; The first analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to realize analog-to-digital conversion of the received inquiry signal and generate a response baseband signal; The first signal processing unit is used to realize the reception and analysis of the inquiry signal and the data encoding of the response signal. It is also used to receive the Beidou position and time signal and add the flight status parameters of the current UAV to the response identity code.

[0008] Furthermore, the flight status parameters include flight altitude, flight position and flight speed.

[0009] Further, the ground station equipment includes a scanning transceiver antenna, a second transceiver component, a power amplifier unit, a second frequency converter unit, a second analog-to-digital conversion unit, and a second signal processing unit connected in sequence; Scanning transceiver antenna, used to achieve 360-degree horizontal transmission of interrogation signals from the ground station and reception of response signals from the airborne end; The second transceiver component is used to switch the transceiver state and filter and amplify the signal; A power amplifier component is used to amplify the power of the transmitted and received signals, thereby achieving a larger recognition coverage range; The second frequency converter unit is used to realize the up-conversion processing of the interrogation transmission signal and the down-conversion processing of the received response signal, and is also used to make the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder working frequency band and air traffic control data compatible by changing the frequency conversion parameters; A second analog-to-digital conversion unit, used to realize analog-to-digital conversion of a received response signal and generation of an inquiry baseband signal; The second signal processing unit is used to realize the encoding of the inquiry signal and the reception and demodulation of the response signal, so as to realize the accurate identity recognition of each drone with an airborne terminal.

[0010] Furthermore, the scanning transceiver antenna adopts a phased array scanning antenna, a mechanical scanning directional antenna or a multi-array directional antenna.

[0011] Furthermore, the ground station equipment is configured with a time unification module, which includes a timing processing unit and a Beidou receiving module, and is used to generate standard time information after receiving Beidou signal demodulation, thereby realizing the time unification function of the system.

[0012] Furthermore, the software architecture of the management system includes a user interface layer, a data processing layer and a data interaction layer; the data interaction layer is used to receive the drone identification data output by the ground station equipment, receive the drone flight approval, and review the shared data of the system; the data processing layer is used to deploy the ground station equipment and configure the working parameters, parse the received drone identification data in real time, and draw the drone flight trajectory and point traces; the user interface layer is used to display the drone identification information, display and playback the drone flight trajectory, display the location information of the ground station equipment and the drone, and display the working status information of the ground station equipment.

[0013] Furthermore, the user interface layer includes a map display module, a drone identity display module, a real-time flight trajectory display module, a flight trajectory playback module, a system working parameter configuration module and a system working status display module; the data processing layer includes a data analysis module, an identity recognition module, a drone status recognition module, a drone point drawing module, a drone trajectory drawing module, a trajectory playback speed module, a control data analysis module, a status data analysis module, a data storage module, a system log module, a data playback processing module and a shared data processing module; the data interaction layer includes a data transceiver port, a data sharing interface and a network interaction interface.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) Using the S query response mechanism, each drone mounted on the airborne terminal has a unique identity address code, which improves the accuracy of drone identification.

[0015] 2) The airborne device can receive the location data of the Beidou module and encode the UAV's flight position, flight speed, flight altitude and other information in the response identification code, which can effectively improve the safety of UAV flight.

[0016] 3) The inquiry and response identification system uses the 5.8 GHz operating frequency band, adopts the 5790 MHz inquiry and 5850 MHz response mode, and does not occupy new radio frequency band resources.

[0017] 4) The system can be directly compatible with the operating frequency band of the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder through frequency conversion settings, effectively improving the flight safety of the entire airspace.

[0018] 5) The S-mode inquiry and response mode is adopted, and the working mechanism of the ground station inquiring the airborne terminal and responding is adopted. The ground station can use roll-call inquiry or broadcast inquiry, which effectively reduces the power consumption of the airborne terminal and improves the airspace adaptation efficiency.

[0019] 6) The inquiry and response recognition has a time unification function and a data sharing interface, which can realize the timing function of the entire system and the full-process management of the UAV flight. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the architecture diagram of the drone identification system; Figure 2 This is the system architecture diagram of the airborne equipment of the drone identification system; Figure 3 This is the system architecture diagram of the ground station equipment for the drone identification system; Figure 4 The block diagram of the software architecture for the drone identification system management. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A method for identifying a drone in a 5.8 GHz channel based on an S-mode inquiry and response method, comprising the steps of: Build a drone identification system, which includes a management system, ground station equipment and airborne terminal equipment. Each drone is equipped with an airborne terminal equipment with a unique identity address code. The management system deploys the number of ground station equipment according to the coverage and management area requirements. Each ground station device periodically sends inquiry signals to drones within range in the 5790MHz frequency band broadcast inquiry mode or the roll-call inquiry mode for specific identity address codes; When the airborne terminal receives the inquiry signal sent by the ground station device, it uses the 5850MHz frequency band response mode to reply the drone's own identification information, which includes the unique identity address code of each drone's airborne terminal and the current drone's flight status parameters; The ground station equipment transmits the received drone identification information to the management system. The management system displays the drone identification data in the management area, records the drone operation data, and configures and displays the operation status of the entire drone identification system.

[0023] In view of the shortcomings of current drone identification technology, the present invention adopts a new S-mode interrogation and response drone identification method and a systematic drone management method. Through the S-mode interrogation and response mechanism, the unique ID code of the drone within the coverage area can be accurately identified, and the flight altitude, flight position, flight speed and other status information of each drone can be obtained through the response signal, thereby realizing real-time flight trajectory tracking of each drone. The identification system operates in the 5.8GHz frequency band and can be compatible with the interrogation and response system of the current air traffic control system through frequency conversion configuration, reducing the waste of space radio resources. Through the present invention, technical problems such as the inability of traditional drone identification methods to accurately identify the identity and location of drones can be solved.

[0024] The architecture diagram of the drone identification system is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the ground station device can be single or multiple, and there are multiple drones within the recognition range of each ground station device, and each drone is equipped with an airborne terminal device. The airborne terminal device has a unique identity address code and is strongly bound to the drone, and has an anti-disassembly function.

[0025] The airborne terminal equipment mainly realizes the functions of receiving inquiry information from the ground station and transmitting response information, and has the characteristics of miniaturization, light weight, low power consumption and anti-disassembly function. Figure 2 As shown, the airborne terminal device includes a transceiver antenna, a first transceiver component, a first frequency converter unit, a first analog-to-digital conversion unit and a first signal processing unit connected in sequence; The transceiver antenna is used to realize the functions of receiving the interrogation signal and transmitting the reply signal; the first transceiver component is used to realize the switching of the transceiver state and the low-noise power amplification of the received and transmitted signals; the first frequency converter unit is used to realize the down-conversion processing of the received signal and the up-conversion processing of the transmitted signal, and is also used to adjust the working frequency band of the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder by changing the frequency conversion parameters; the first analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to realize the analog-to-digital conversion of the received interrogation signal and the generation of the reply baseband signal; the first signal processing unit is used to realize the reception and analysis of the interrogation signal and the data encoding of the reply signal, and is also used to receive the Beidou position and time signal and add the flight status parameters of the current UAV to the reply identity code. The flight status parameters include flight altitude, flight position and flight speed, etc.

[0026] The first frequency converter unit operates in the 5.8 GHz frequency band by default. By changing the frequency conversion parameters of the module, compatibility with the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder operating frequency band can be achieved, so that it can be directly connected to the current air traffic control system.

[0027] The identification system ground station equipment is deployed according to the identification management requirements. The ground station equipment mainly realizes the transmission of periodic inquiry signals and the reception and processing of airborne response signals, and provides the system time information unification function. Figure 3 As shown, the ground station equipment includes a scanning transceiver antenna, a second transceiver component, a power amplifier unit, a second frequency converter unit, a second analog-to-digital conversion unit and a second signal processing unit connected in sequence; The scanning transceiver antenna is used to realize the horizontal 360-degree all-round interrogation signal transmission of the ground station and the reception of the airborne end reply signal; further, the scanning transceiver antenna adopts a phased array scanning antenna, a mechanical scanning directional antenna or a multi-faceted array directional antenna. The second transceiver component is used to realize the switching of the transceiver state and the filtering and amplification of the signal; the power amplifier component is used to realize the power amplification of the transmission and reception signals, and through power amplification, a larger identification coverage range is achieved; the second frequency converter unit is used to realize the up-conversion processing of the interrogation transmission signal and the down-conversion processing of the reception reply signal, and is also used to make the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder working frequency band and air traffic control data compatible by changing the frequency conversion parameters; the second analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to realize the analog-to-digital conversion of the reception reply signal and the generation of the interrogation baseband signal; the second signal processing unit is used to realize the encoding of the interrogation signal and the reception and demodulation of the reply signal, so as to realize the accurate identity recognition of each drone with an airborne end.

[0028] The second frequency converter unit in the ground station equipment and the first frequency converter unit in the airborne terminal equipment also operate in the 5.8GHz frequency band by default. By changing the frequency conversion parameters of the module, compatibility with the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder operating frequency band and air traffic control data can be achieved.

[0029] Furthermore, the ground station equipment is configured with a time unification module, which includes a timing processing unit and a Beidou receiving module, which is used to receive Beidou signals and demodulate them to generate standard time information, thereby realizing the time unification function of the system.

[0030] As the management software of the inquiry and response drone identification technology, the management system mainly realizes the background data management and user interaction functions. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the software architecture of the management system includes a user interface layer, a data processing layer and a data interaction layer; the data interaction layer is used to receive the UAV identification data output by the ground station equipment, receive the UAV flight approval, and review the shared data of the system; the data processing layer is used to deploy the ground station equipment and configure the working parameters, parse the received UAV identification data in real time, and draw the UAV flight trajectory and point traces; the user interface layer is used to display the UAV identification information, display and playback the UAV flight trajectory, display the location information of the ground station equipment and the UAV, and display the working status information of the ground station equipment.

[0031] Furthermore, the user interface layer includes a map display module, a drone identity display module, a real-time flight trajectory display module, a flight trajectory playback module, a system working parameter configuration module and a system working status display module; the data processing layer includes a data analysis module, an identity recognition module, a drone status recognition module, a drone point drawing module, a drone trajectory drawing module, a trajectory playback speed module, a control data analysis module, a status data analysis module, a data storage module, a system log module, a data playback processing module and a shared data processing module; the data interaction layer includes a data transceiver port, a data sharing interface and a network interaction interface.

[0032] The management system can receive the drone identification data output by the drone identification system ground station and parse the data in real time; the management system has a data display function, which can display the unique identification code of the identified drone and the flight altitude, position and other status information in a graphical manner; the management system has a real-time online map function, which can display the location information of a single or multiple ground stations of the deployed drone identification system and the real-time flight location information of the identified drones; the management system can display the identification code and real-time flight trajectory of each identified drone on the online map in real time; the management system has system configuration function and status display function, which can monitor the working status of each ground station equipment deployed The management system can configure the parameters and display the working status of each ground station equipment in real time; the management system has data recording and playback functions, which can realize the data storage of identified drones, and can choose to playback the drone data for graphical playback display, and can realize the original speed and multiple speed playback of the drone flight trajectory diagram; the management system has a data sharing interface, which can realize the data sharing of the drone flight approval and review system, and the data of the flight approval and review management system can be interconnected, so as to realize the full process management of pre-flight approval, in-flight identification and flight status management, and post-flight status management of drones within the management scope, greatly improving the safety of drone use and the utilization rate of low-altitude flight airspace.

[0033] In an implementable embodiment, a UAV identification method using an inquiry and response mechanism can be implemented by setting up a dedicated wireless communication module operating in the 5.9 GHz frequency band in the ground station equipment and the airborne terminal equipment, and an external frequency conversion module can be used to achieve compatibility with the operating frequency of the existing air traffic control system.

[0034] The present invention adopts the S query response mechanism to realize accurate identification of drones and full-process flight management, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Adopting the S query response mechanism, each drone mounted on the airborne terminal has a unique identity address code, which improves the accuracy of drone identification; 2. The airborne device can receive the location data of the Beidou module and encode the UAV's flight position, flight speed, flight altitude and other information in the response identification code, which can effectively improve the safety of UAV flight; 3. The inquiry and response identification system uses the 5.8GHz working frequency band, adopts the 5790MHz inquiry and 5850MHz response mode, and does not occupy new radio frequency resources; 4. The system can be directly compatible with the working frequency band of the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder through frequency conversion settings, effectively improving the flight safety of the entire airspace; 5. The S-mode inquiry and response mode is adopted, and the working mechanism of the ground station inquiring the airborne terminal and responding is adopted. The ground station can use roll-call inquiry or broadcast inquiry, which effectively reduces the power consumption of the airborne terminal and improves the airspace adaptation efficiency; 6. The inquiry and response recognition has a time unification function and a data sharing interface, which can realize the timing function of the entire system and the full-process management of the UAV's flight.

[0035] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and shall be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for identifying drones in a 5.8 GHz channel based on an S-mode interrogation and response method, characterized in that: Includes steps: Build a drone identification system, which includes a management system, ground station equipment and airborne terminal equipment. Each drone is equipped with an airborne terminal equipment with a unique identity address code. The management system deploys the number of ground station equipment according to the coverage and management area requirements. Each ground station device periodically sends inquiry signals to drones within range in the 5790MHz frequency band broadcast inquiry mode or the roll-call inquiry mode for specific identity address codes; When the airborne terminal receives the inquiry signal sent by the ground station device, it uses the 5850MHz frequency band response mode to reply the drone's own identification information, which includes the unique identity address code of each drone's airborne terminal and the current drone's flight status parameters; The ground station equipment transmits the received drone identification information to the management system. The management system displays the drone identification data in the management area, records the drone operation data, and configures and displays the operation status of the entire drone identification system.

2. The method for identifying a drone based on a 5.8 GHz channel in an S-mode interrogation and response mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airborne terminal device has a unique identity address code and is strongly bound to the drone, and has an anti-disassembly function.

3. The method for identifying unmanned aerial vehicles based on a 5.8 GHz channel in an S-mode interrogation and response mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airborne terminal device comprises a transceiver antenna, a first transceiver component, a first frequency converter unit, a first analog-to-digital conversion unit and a first signal processing unit connected in sequence; The transceiver antenna is used to realize the functions of receiving the inquiry signal and transmitting the response signal; The first transceiver component is used to realize the switching of the transceiver state and the low noise power amplification of the receiving and transmitting signals; The first frequency converter unit is used to realize the down-conversion processing of the received signal and the up-conversion processing of the transmitted signal, and is also used to adjust the working frequency band of the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder by changing the frequency conversion parameters; The first analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to realize analog-to-digital conversion of the received inquiry signal and generate a response baseband signal; The first signal processing unit is used to realize the reception and analysis of the inquiry signal and the data encoding of the response signal. It is also used to receive the Beidou position and time signal and add the flight status parameters of the current UAV to the response identity code.

4. The method for identifying a drone based on a 5.8 GHz channel in an S-mode interrogation and response mode according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flight status parameters include flight altitude, flight position and flight speed.

5. The method for identifying unmanned aerial vehicles based on a 5.8 GHz channel in an S-mode interrogation and response mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground station equipment includes a scanning transceiver antenna, a second transceiver component, a power amplifier unit, a second frequency converter unit, a second analog-to-digital conversion unit and a second signal processing unit connected in sequence; Scanning transceiver antenna, used to achieve 360-degree horizontal transmission of interrogation signals from the ground station and reception of response signals from the airborne end; The second transceiver component is used to switch the transceiver state and filter and amplify the signal; A power amplifier component is used to amplify the power of the transmitted and received signals, thereby achieving a larger recognition coverage range; The second frequency converter unit is used to realize up-conversion processing of the interrogation transmission signal and down-conversion processing of the received response signal, and is also used to make the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder working frequency band and air traffic control data compatible by changing the frequency conversion parameters; A second analog-to-digital conversion unit, used to realize analog-to-digital conversion of a received response signal and generation of an inquiry baseband signal; The second signal processing unit is used to realize the encoding of the inquiry signal and the reception and demodulation of the response signal, so as to realize the accurate identity recognition of each drone with an airborne terminal.

6. The method for identifying unmanned aerial vehicles based on a 5.8 GHz channel in an S-mode interrogation and response mode according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scanning transceiver antenna adopts a phased array scanning antenna, a mechanical scanning directional antenna or a multi-faceted array directional antenna.

7. The method for identifying unmanned aerial vehicles based on a 5.8 GHz channel in an S-mode interrogation and response mode according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ground station equipment is configured with a time unification module, which includes a timing processing unit and a Beidou receiving module, and is used to generate standard time information after receiving Beidou signal demodulation, thereby realizing the time unification function of the system.

8. The method for identifying unmanned aerial vehicles based on a 5.8 GHz channel in S-mode interrogation and response mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The software architecture of the management system includes a user interface layer, a data processing layer and a data interaction layer; the data interaction layer is used to receive the drone identification data output by the ground station equipment, receive the drone flight approval, and review the shared data of the system; the data processing layer is used to deploy the ground station equipment and configure the working parameters, parse the received drone identification data in real time, and draw the drone flight trajectory and point traces; the user interface layer is used to display the drone identification information, display and playback the drone flight trajectory, display the location information of the ground station equipment and the drone, and display the working status information of the ground station equipment.

9. The method for identifying unmanned aerial vehicles based on a 5.8 GHz channel in S-mode interrogation and response mode according to claim 8, characterized in that: The user interface layer includes a map display module, a drone identity display module, a real-time flight trajectory display module, a flight trajectory playback module, a system working parameter configuration module and a system working status display module; the data processing layer includes a data analysis module, an identity recognition module, a drone status recognition module, a drone point drawing module, a drone trajectory drawing module, a trajectory playback speed module, a control data analysis module, a status data analysis module, a data storage module, a system log module, a data playback processing module and a shared data processing module; the data interaction layer includes a data transceiver port, a data sharing interface and a network interaction interface.

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