Measurement

Abstract

The disclosure of the present specification provides a method for performing communication by a UE. The method may comprise the steps of: transmitting a request message to a base station; performing a first measurement based on the UE being in an idle state or an inactive state and receiving the first measurement information; and transmitting a completion message to the base station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to radio communications. Background Art

[0002] The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a technology for implementing high-speed packet communications. Many schemes have been proposed for the LTE goals, including those aimed at reducing user and supplier costs, improving service quality, and expanding and improving coverage and system capacity. 3GPP LTE requires reduced cost per bit, increased service availability, flexible use of frequency bands, simple structure, open interfaces, and sufficient power consumption of terminals as upper layer requirements.

[0003] Development of requirements and specifications for New Radio (NR) systems has begun in the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and 3GPP. 3GPP must identify and develop technical components for successful standardization of new RATs that will meet both immediate market needs and longer-term requirements set forth by the ITU Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT)-2020 process in a timely manner. In addition, NR should be able to use any spectrum band in the range of at least up to 100 GHz that can be used for wireless communications even in the more distant future.

[0004] The goal of NR is a single technology framework that addresses all use cases, requirements and deployment scenarios, including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC), etc. NR should be inherently forward compatible.

[0005] To improve the mobility of 5G NR, a solution is needed to quickly perform DC setup and / or CA setup when the UE transitions from idle / inactive mode to connected mode. Summary of the invention

[0006] Technical Solution

[0007] In one aspect, a method for performing communication by a UE is provided. The method may include the following steps: sending a request message to a base station; performing first measurement based on the UE being in an idle state or an inactive state and having received first measurement information; and sending a completion message to the base station.

[0008] In another aspect, a device for implementing the method is provided.

[0009] In one aspect, a method for performing communication by a base station is provided. The method may include the following steps: receiving a request message from a UE; sending a response message to the UE for the request message; and receiving a completion message from the UE.

[0010] In another aspect, a device for implementing the method is provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 An example of a communication system to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0012] Figure 2 An example of a wireless device to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0013] Figure 3 An example of a wireless device to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0014] Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system.

[0015] Figure 5 An example of the electromagnetic spectrum is shown.

[0016] Figures 6a to 6c is a diagram illustrating an exemplary architecture for next generation mobile communication services.

[0017] Figure 7 An example process for activating a SCell is illustrated.

[0018] Figure 8 An example UE state according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0019] Fig. 9 An example of a procedure related to RRC establishment / recovery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0020] Fig.10 An example of a procedure related to RRC recovery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0021] Fig.11 A first example of an operation related to measurement according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0022] Fig.12 A second example of performing an operation related to measurement according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0023] Fig.13 An example of operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following techniques, devices and systems can be applied to various wireless multiple access systems. Examples of multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and multi-carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) systems. CDMA can be implemented by radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented by radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), or Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented by radio technologies such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, or Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). UTRA is part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA. 3GPP LTE adopts OFDMA in DL and SC-FDMA in UL. The evolutions of 3GPP LTE include LTE-A (Advanced), LTE-A Pro and / or 5G NR (New Radio).

[0025] The following techniques, devices and systems can be applied to various wireless multiple access systems. Examples of multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and multi-carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) systems. CDMA can be implemented by radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented by radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), or Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented by radio technologies such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, or Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). UTRA is part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA. 3GPP LTE adopts OFDMA in DL and SC-FDMA in UL. The evolutions of 3GPP LTE include LTE-A (Advanced), LTE-A Pro and / or 5G NR (New Radio).

[0026] For ease of description, the implementation of the present disclosure is mainly described with respect to a 3GPP-based wireless communication system. However, the technical features of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, although the following detailed description is given based on a mobile communication system corresponding to a 3GPP-based wireless communication system, aspects of the present disclosure that are not limited to a 3GPP-based wireless communication system are applicable to other mobile communication systems.

[0027] For terms and techniques not specifically described among the terms and techniques used in the present disclosure, reference may be made to wireless communication standard documents published prior to the present disclosure.

[0028] In the present disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". In other words, "A or B" in the present disclosure may be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, "A, B, or C" in the present disclosure may mean "only A", "only B", "only C", or "any combination of A, B, and C".

[0029] In the present disclosure, a slash ( / ) or a comma (,) may mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B". Thus, "A / B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C".

[0030] In the present disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". In addition, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" in the present disclosure may be interpreted as being the same as "at least one of A and B".

[0031] In addition, in the present disclosure, "at least one of A, B, and C" may mean "only A", "only B", "only C", or "any combination of A, B, and C". In addition, "at least one of A, B, or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0032] In addition, the brackets used in the present disclosure may mean "for example". Specifically, when it is shown as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information". In other words, the "control information" in the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information". In addition, even when it is shown as "control information (ie, PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information".

[0033] The technical features described separately in one drawing of the present disclosure may be implemented separately or simultaneously.

[0034] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts of the present disclosure disclosed herein may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication and / or connection between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0035] Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals in the following drawings and / or descriptions may refer to the same and / or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks and / or functional blocks.

[0036] Although a user equipment (UE) is illustrated by way of example in the drawings, the illustrated UE may be referred to as a terminal, a mobile equipment (ME), etc. In addition, the UE may be a portable device such as a notebook computer, a mobile phone, a PDA, a smart phone, and a multimedia device, or may be a non-portable device such as a PC or a vehicle-mounted device.

[0037] In the following, UE is used as an example of a wireless communication device (or wireless device or wireless equipment) capable of wireless communication. The operation performed by the UE may be performed by a wireless communication device. The wireless communication device may also be referred to as a wireless device, a wireless equipment, etc. In the following, AMF may refer to an AMF node, SMF may refer to an SMF node, and UPF may refer to a UPF node.

[0038] The base station used below generally refers to a fixed station that communicates with wireless devices, and may also be referred to as an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an evolved NodeB (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point, and a next-generation NodeB (gNB).

[0039] Figure 1 An example of a communication system to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0040] Figure 1 The 5G usage scenarios shown in are only exemplary, and the technical features of the present disclosure can be applied to Figure 1 Other 5G usage scenarios not shown.

[0041] The three main requirement categories for 5G include (1) enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) category, (2) massive machine type communication (mMTC) category, and (3) ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) category.

[0042] Some use cases may require multiple categories for optimization, and others may focus only on key performance indicators (KPIs). 5G supports these various use cases with a flexible and reliable approach.

[0043] eMBB goes far beyond basic mobile Internet access and covers a large number of two-way operations in the cloud and augmented reality as well as media and entertainment applications. Data is one of the core driving forces of 5G, and in the 5G era, dedicated voice services may not be provided for the first time. In 5G, it is expected that the data connection provided by the communication system will be used as an application to simply process voice. The main reason for the increase in traffic is due to the increase in content size and the increase in the number of applications that require high data transmission rates. As more devices are connected to the Internet, streaming services (audio and video), conversational video, and mobile Internet access will be more widely used. These many applications require connectivity in an always-on state to push real-time information and alerts to users. Cloud storage and applications are rapidly increasing in mobile communication platforms and can be applied to both operations and entertainment. Cloud storage is a special use case that accelerates the growth of uplink data transmission rates. 5G is also used for remote cloud operations. When using a tactile interface, 5G requires lower end-to-end latency to maintain a good experience for users. Entertainment (e.g., cloud games and video streaming) is another core element that increases the demand for mobile broadband capabilities. Entertainment is essential for smartphones and tablets anywhere, including in high mobility environments such as trains, vehicles and airplanes. Other use cases are augmented reality for entertainment and information search. In this case, augmented reality requires very low latency and instantaneous data volume.

[0044] Additionally, one of the most anticipated 5G use cases involves the ability to smoothly connect embedded sensors in all fields (i.e., mMTC). The number of potential Internet of Things (IoT) devices is expected to reach 20.4 billion by 2020. Industrial IoT is one of the categories that plays a major role in enabling smart cities, asset tracking, smart utilities, agriculture, and security infrastructure through 5G.

[0045] URLLC includes new services that will transform industries (e.g., autonomous vehicles) through remote control of key infrastructure and ultra-reliable / available low-latency links. To control smart grids, automate industry, enable robotics, and control and regulate drones, the level of reliability and latency is critical.

[0046] 5G is a means of providing streaming services estimated at a few hundred megabits per second to a gigabit per second, and can complement fiber to the home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or DOCSIS). Such fast speeds are needed to deliver 4K or higher (6K, 8K and higher) resolution TV as well as virtual reality and augmented reality. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications include virtually immersive sports games. Specific applications may require special network configurations. For example, for VR games, gaming companies need to merge core servers into network operators' edge network servers to minimize latency.

[0047] Along with many use cases for mobile communications for vehicles, it is expected that cars will become a new important driving force in 5G. For example, the entertainment of passengers requires high simultaneous capacity and mobile broadband with high mobility. This is because future users continue to expect high-quality connections regardless of their location and speed. Another use case in the automotive field is the AR dashboard. The AR dashboard enables the driver to identify objects in the dark in addition to the objects seen from the front window, and displays the distance to the object and the movement of the object by overlapping the information told to the driver. In the future, wireless modules will enable communication between vehicles, information exchange between vehicles and supporting infrastructure, and information exchange between cars and other connected devices (e.g., devices attached to pedestrians). The safety system guides alternative behavior processes so that drivers can drive more safely, thereby reducing the risk of accidents. The next stage will be remote control or autonomous vehicles. This requires very high reliability and very fast communication between different autonomous vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. In the future, autonomous vehicles will perform all driving activities, and drivers will only focus on abnormal traffic that cannot be recognized by the vehicle. The technical requirements of autonomous vehicles require ultra-low latency and ultra-high reliability to increase traffic safety to a level that humans cannot reach.

[0048] Smart cities and smart homes / buildings, known as smart societies, will be embedded in high-density wireless sensor networks. Distributed networks of smart sensors will identify conditions for cost and energy-saving maintenance in cities or homes. Similar configurations can be performed for individual homes. Temperature sensors, window and heating controllers, burglar alarms, and home appliances are all wirelessly connected. Many of these sensors typically have low data transfer rates, power, and costs. However, certain types of devices may require real-time HD video to perform monitoring.

[0049] The consumption and distribution of energy, including heat or gas, is distributed at a higher level, requiring automatic control of a distributed sensor network. Smart grids collect information and use digital information and communication technologies to connect sensors to each other to act according to the collected information. Since this information can include the behavior of power supply companies and consumers, smart grids can improve the distribution of fuels such as electricity by methods with efficiency, reliability, economic viability, production sustainability and automation. Smart grids can also be considered as another sensor network with low latency.

[0050] Mission-critical applications (e.g., e-health) are one of the 5G use cases. The health segment contains many applications that can enjoy the benefits of mobile communications. The communication system can support telemedicine that provides clinical treatment in distant places. Telemedicine can help reduce distance barriers and improve access to medical services that are not continuously available in remote rural areas. Telemedicine is also used to perform important treatments and save lives in emergency situations. Wireless sensor networks based on mobile communications can provide remote monitoring and sensors for parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure.

[0051] Wireless and mobile communications are becoming increasingly important in the field of industrial applications. Cabling is expensive to install and maintain. Therefore, the possibility of replacing cables with reconfigurable wireless links is an attractive opportunity in many industrial fields. However, in order to achieve this replacement, wireless connections need to be established with latency, reliability and capacity similar to cables, and the management of wireless connections needs to be simplified. When it comes to connecting to 5G, low latency and very low error probability are new requirements.

[0052] Logistics and freight tracking are important use cases for mobile communications, which allow inventory and packages to be tracked anywhere using location-based information systems. Logistics and freight use cases typically require low data rates, but require location information with wide range and reliability.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 , the communication system 1 includes wireless devices 100a to 100f, a base station (BS) 200, and a network 300. Figure 1A 5G network is shown as an example of a network of the communication system 1, but implementations of the present disclosure are not limited to the 5G system and may be applied to future communication systems other than the 5G system.

[0054] The BS 200 and the network 300 may be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device may operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0055] The wireless devices 100a to 100f represent devices that perform communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G new RAT (NR) or LTE), and may be referred to as communication / radio / 5G devices. The wireless devices may include, but are not limited to, a robot 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an IoT device 100f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing communication between vehicles. A vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device may include an AR / VR / mixed reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smart phone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, and the like. Handheld devices may include smart phones, smart boards, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., notebooks). Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters.

[0056] In the present disclosure, the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be referred to as user equipment (UE). The UE may include, for example, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcast terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation system, a tablet personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, an ultrabook, a vehicle, a vehicle with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a UAV, an AI module, a robot, an AR device, a VR device, an MR device, a holographic device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an IoT device, a medical device, a FinTech device (or a financial device), a security device, a weather / environmental device, a device related to 5G services, or a device related to the field of the fourth industrial revolution.

[0057] A UAV may be, for example, an aircraft that is flown by wireless control signals without humans on board.

[0058] VR devices may include, for example, devices for realizing objects or backgrounds of a virtual world. AR devices may include, for example, devices realized by connecting objects or backgrounds of a virtual world to objects or backgrounds of a real world. MR devices may include, for example, devices realized by merging objects or backgrounds of a virtual world into objects or backgrounds of a real world. Holographic devices may include, for example, devices for realizing 360-degree stereoscopic images by recording and reproducing stereoscopic information using an interference phenomenon of light generated when two lasers meet, called holography.

[0059] Public safety devices may include, for example, image relay devices or image devices wearable on a user's body.

[0060] MTC devices and IoT devices may be devices that do not require direct human intervention or manipulation, for example. For example, MTC devices and IoT devices may include smart meters, vending machines, thermometers, smart light bulbs, door locks, or various sensors.

[0061] For example, a medical device may be a device for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, curing or preventing a disease. For example, a medical device may be a device for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating or correcting an injury or disorder. For example, a medical device may be a device for the purpose of inspecting, replacing or modifying a structure or function. For example, a medical device may be a device for the purpose of regulating pregnancy. For example, a medical device may include a device for treatment, a device for surgery, a device for (in vitro) diagnosis, a hearing aid or a device for surgery.

[0062] For example, a safety device may be a device installed to prevent possible danger and maintain safety. For example, a safety device may be a camera, a closed-circuit television (CCTV), a recorder, or a black box.

[0063] For example, a FinTech device may be a device that can provide financial services such as mobile payment. For example, a FinTech device may include a payment device or a point of sale (POS) system.

[0064] Weather / environmental devices may include, for example, devices for monitoring or predicting weather / environmental conditions.

[0065] The wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the network 300 via the BS 200. The AI ​​technology may be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f, and the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the AI ​​server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, and a super 5G network. Although the wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other via the BS 200 / network 300, the wireless devices 100a to 100f may perform direct communication (e.g., side link communication) with each other without passing through the BS 200 / network 300. For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). An IoT device (e.g., a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., a sensor) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0066] Wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, and 150c may be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f and / or between wireless devices 100a to 100f and BS 200 and / or between BS 200. In this document, wireless communication / connection may be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication (or device-to-device (D2D) communication) 150b, inter-base station communication 150c (e.g., relay, integrated access and backhaul (IAB)), etc. The wireless devices 100a to 100f and BS 200 / wireless devices 100a to 100f may send / receive radio signals to each other through wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, and 150c. For example, wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, and 150c may send / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, various configuration information configuration processes for sending / receiving radio signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and at least a portion of a resource allocation process may be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0067] AI means the field that studies artificial intelligence or methods that can create it, and machine learning refers to the field that defines the various problems addressed in the field of AI and methods to solve them. Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves the performance of a task through steady experience with the task.

[0068] A robot means a machine that automatically processes or operates a given task by its own ability. Specifically, a robot that has the ability to recognize the environment and make self-determination to perform actions can be called an intelligent robot. According to the purpose or field of use, robots can be classified into industrial, medical, household, military, etc. The robot can perform various physical operations such as moving the robot joints using actuators or motors. The movable robot also includes wheels, brakes, propellers, etc. on the drive, allowing it to drive on the ground or fly in the air.

[0069] Autonomous driving means the technology of self-driving, and autonomous vehicles mean vehicles that are driven without user control or with minimal user control. For example, autonomous driving may include keeping lane movement, automatically adjusting speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), automatically driving along a set route, and automatically setting a route when a destination is set. Vehicles include vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines, hybrid vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines and electric motors, and electric vehicles equipped with electric motors, and may include trains, motorcycles, etc. as well as cars. Autonomous vehicles can be regarded as robots with autonomous driving capabilities.

[0070] Extended reality is collectively referred to as VR, AR, and MR. VR technology only provides objects and backgrounds of the real world through computer graphics (CG) images. AR technology provides virtual CG images on top of real object images. MR technology is a CG technology that combines virtual objects into the real world. MR technology is similar to AR technology in that they show real objects and virtual objects together. However, the difference is that in AR technology, virtual objects are used as a complementary form of real objects, while in MR technology, virtual objects and real objects are used as the same characteristics.

[0071] NR supports multiple parameter sets (and / or multiple subcarrier spacing (SCS)) to support various 5G services. For example, if the SCS is 15kHz, wide areas can be supported in traditional cellular bands, and if the SCS is 30kHz / 60kHz, dense cities, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidths can be supported. If the SCS is 60kHz or higher, bandwidths greater than 24.25GHz can be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0072] The NR frequency band may be defined as two types of frequency ranges, namely, FR1 and FR2. The numerical values ​​of the frequency ranges may vary. For example, the two types of frequency ranges (FR1 and FR2) may be as shown in Table 1. For ease of explanation, in the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 may mean "below 6 GHz range", FR2 may mean "above 6 GHz range", and may be referred to as millimeter wave (mmW). FR2 may include FR 2-1 and FR 2-2 as shown in the examples of Tables 1 and 2.

[0073] [Table 1]

[0074]

[0075] As described above, the numerical value of the frequency range of the NR system can be changed. For example, FR1 may include a frequency band of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz as shown in Table 2 below. That is, FR1 may include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850 MHz, 5900 MHz, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher. For example, a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850 MHz, 5900 MHz, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher included in FR1 may include an unlicensed frequency band. The unlicensed frequency band can be used for various purposes (e.g., for communication of vehicles (e.g., autonomous driving)).

[0076] [Table 2]

[0077]

[0078] Here, the radio communication technology implemented in the wireless device in the present disclosure may include narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) technology for low-power communication as well as LTE, NR and 6G. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of a low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technology, which may be implemented in specifications such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and may not be limited to the above names. Additionally and / or alternatively, the radio communication technology implemented in the wireless device in the present disclosure may communicate based on LTE-M technology. For example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be referred to as various names such as enhanced machine type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least one of various specifications such as 1) LTE Cat 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine type communication and / or 7) LTE M, and may not be limited to the above names. Additionally and / or alternatively, the radio communication technology implemented in the wireless device in the present disclosure may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and / or LPWAN considering low-power communication, and may not be limited to the above names. For example, ZigBee technology may generate a personal area network (PAN) associated with low-power / low-power digital communication based on various specifications such as IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to as various names.

[0079] Figure 2 An example of a wireless device to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0080] Reference Figure 2 , the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 may transmit / receive radio signals to / from an external device through various RATs (eg, LTE and NR).

[0081] exist Figure 2 In the example, {the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} may correspond to Figure 1 At least one of {wireless devices 100a to 100f and BS200}, {wireless devices 100a to 100f and wireless devices 100a to 100f} and / or {BS200 and BS200}.

[0082] The first wireless device 100 may include at least one transceiver (eg, transceiver 106 ), at least one processing chip (eg, processing chip 101 ), and / or one or more antennas 108 .

[0083] The processing chip 101 may include at least one processor (eg, processor 102 ) and at least one memory (eg, memory 104 ). Figure 2 It is exemplarily shown that the memory 104 is included in the processing chip 101. Additionally and / or alternatively, the memory 104 may be placed outside the processing chip 101.

[0084] The processor 102 may control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts described in the present disclosure. For example, the processor 102 may process the information in the memory 104 to generate first information / signals, and then send a radio signal including the first information / signals through the transceiver 106. The processor 102 may receive a radio signal including second information / signals through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the second information / signals in the memory 104.

[0085] The memory 104 may be operatively connected to the processor 102. The memory 104 may store various types of information and / or instructions. The memory 104 may store software code 105 implementing instructions that, when executed by the processor 102, perform the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example, the software code 105 may implement instructions that, when executed by the processor 102, perform the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example, the software code 105 may control the processor 102 to execute one or more protocols. For example, the software code 105 may control the processor 102 to execute one or more layers of a radio interface protocol.

[0086] In this document, the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 106 may be connected to the processor 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may be used interchangeably with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In the present disclosure, the first wireless device 100 may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0087] The second wireless device 200 may include at least one transceiver (eg, transceiver 206 ), at least one processing chip (eg, processing chip 201 ), and / or one or more antennas 208 .

[0088] The processing chip 201 may include at least one processor (eg, processor 202 ) and at least one memory (eg, memory 204 ). Figure 2 It is exemplarily shown that the memory 204 is included in the processing chip 201. Additionally and / or alternatively, the memory 204 may be placed outside the processing chip 201.

[0089] The processor 202 may control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts described in the present disclosure. For example, the processor 202 may process the information in the memory 204 to generate third information / signals, and then send a radio signal including the third information / signals through the transceiver 206. The processor 202 may receive a radio signal including fourth information / signals through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signals in the memory 204.

[0090] The memory 204 may be operatively connected to the processor 202. The memory 204 may store various types of information and / or instructions. The memory 204 may store software code 205 implementing instructions that, when executed by the processor 202, perform the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example, the software code 205 may implement instructions that, when executed by the processor 202, perform the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure. For example, the software code 205 may control the processor 202 to execute one or more protocols. For example, the software code 205 may control the processor 202 to execute one or more layers of a radio interface protocol.

[0091] In this document, the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 206 may be connected to the processor 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, the second wireless device 200 may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0092] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by (but not limited to) one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as a physical (PHY) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the description, function, process, suggestion, method, and / or operation flowchart disclosed in the present disclosure. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the description, function, process, suggestion, method, and / or operation flowchart disclosed in the present disclosure. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the description, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure, and provide the generated signal to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206 according to the description, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure, and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information.

[0093] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204 so as to be driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operational flow charts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using software or firmware in the form of codes, commands and / or command sets.

[0094] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard drive, register, flash memory, computer-readable storage medium, and / or a combination thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 by various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0095] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can send user data, control information and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the description, function, process, suggestion, method and / or operation flow chart disclosed in the present disclosure to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the description, function, process, suggestion, method and / or operation flow chart disclosed in the present disclosure from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and send and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can send user data, control information or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information or radio signals from one or more other devices.

[0096] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flow charts disclosed in the present disclosure through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In the present disclosure, one or more antennas 108 and 208 may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports).

[0097] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals into baseband signals so as to process the received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals into RF band signals. To this end, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may up-convert OFDM baseband signals into OFDM signals through their (analog) oscillators and / or filters under the control of one or more processors 102 and 202, and transmit the up-converted OFDM signals at a carrier frequency. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive the OFDM signal at a carrier frequency and down-convert the OFDM signal to an OFDM baseband signal through its (analog) oscillator and / or filter under the control of one or more processors 102 and 202 .

[0098] In an implementation of the present disclosure, a UE may operate as a transmitting device in an uplink (UL) and as a receiving device in a downlink (DL). Within an implementation of the present disclosure, a BS may operate as a receiving device in the UL and as a transmitting device in the DL. In the following, for ease of description, it is mainly assumed that the first wireless device 100 acts as a UE and the second wireless device 200 acts as a BS. For example, a processor 102 connected to, installed on, or started in the first wireless device 100 may be configured to perform UE behavior according to an implementation of the present disclosure, or to control a transceiver 106 to perform UE behavior according to an implementation of the present disclosure. A processor 202 connected to, installed on, or started in the second wireless device 200 may be configured to perform BS behavior according to an implementation of the present disclosure, or to control a transceiver 206 to perform BS behavior according to an implementation of the present disclosure.

[0099] In this disclosure, a BS is also referred to as a Node B (NB), an eNodeB (eNB), or a gNB.

[0100] Figure 3 An example of a wireless device to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown.

[0101] Can be based on use cases / services (see Figure 1 ) Wireless devices are implemented in various forms.

[0102] Reference Figure 3, the wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to Figure 2 The wireless devices 100 and 200 of the present invention may be configured by various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130 and an additional component 140. The communication unit 110 may include a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include Figure 2 One or more processors 102 and 202 and / or Figure 2 One or more memories 104 and 204. For example, the transceiver 114 may include Figure 2 One or more transceivers 106 and 206 and / or Figure 2 The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory unit 130, and the additional components 140, and controls the overall operation of each of the wireless devices 100 and 200. For example, the control unit 120 may control the electrical / mechanical operation of each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to the outside (e.g., other communication devices) through a wireless / wired interface via the communication unit 110, or store information received from the outside (e.g., other communication devices) through a wireless / wired interface via the communication unit 110 in the memory unit 130.

[0103] The additional component 140 may be variously configured according to the type of the wireless devices 100 and 200. For example, the additional component 140 may include at least one of a power supply unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit (e.g., an audio I / O port, a video I / O port), a driving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless devices 100 and 200 may be in the form of (but not limited to) a robot ( Figure 1 100a), vehicles ( Figure 1 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR devices ( Figure 1 100c), handheld device ( Figure 1 100d), household appliances ( Figure 1 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 1 100f), digital broadcasting terminal, holographic device, public safety device, MTC device, medical device, FinTech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environmental device, AI server / device ( Figure 1 400), BS( Figure 1be implemented in the form of, for example, wireless devices 100 and 200), network nodes, etc. The wireless devices 100 and 200 can be used in mobile or fixed positions according to usage examples / services.

[0104] In Figure 3 , various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 can be connected to each other through a wired interface, or at least a part of them can be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 can be wired-connected, and the control unit 120 and the first units (e.g., 130 and 140) can be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless devices 100 and 200 can also include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 can be configured by a set of one or more processors. As an example, the control unit 120 can be configured by a set of a communication control processor, an application processor (AP), an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing unit, and a memory control processor. As another example, the memory unit 130 can be configured by RAM, DRAM, ROM, flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0105] <NR's operating frequency band>

[0106] The operating frequency bands in NR are as follows.

[0107] The operating frequency bands in Table 3 below are the operating frequency bands converted (refarmed) from the operating frequency bands of LTE / LTE-A. This can be referred to as the FR1 band.

[0108] [Table 3]

[0109]

[0110] The following table shows the NR operating frequency bands defined at high frequencies. This is called the FR2 band.

[0111] [Table 4]

[0112]

[0113] <6G System Overview>

[0114] The 6G (wireless communication) system has purposes such as (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The conception of the 6G system may include four aspects such as "intelligent connectivity", "deep connectivity", "holographic connectivity", and "universal connectivity", and the 6G system may meet the requirements shown in Table 5 below. That is, Table 5 shows the requirements of the 6G system.

[0115] [Table 5]

[0116] Peak data rate per device 1Tbps E2E Latency 1ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100bps / Hz Mobility support Up to 1000km / hr Satellite Integration completely AI completely Autonomous Vehicles completely XR completely Tactile communication completely

[0117] The 6G system may have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC), massive machine type communications (mMTC), AI integrated communications, tactile Internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0118] Figure 4 is a diagram showing an example of a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system.

[0119] The 6G system will have 50 times higher simultaneous wireless communication connectivity than the 5G wireless communication system. In 6G communication, URLLC (a key feature of 5G) will become a more important technology by providing an end-to-end delay of less than 1ms. At this time, unlike the frequently used regional spectrum efficiency, the 6G system can have much better volumetric spectrum efficiency (volumetricspectrum efficiency). The 6G system can provide advanced battery technology for energy collection and very long battery life. Therefore, in the 6G system, mobile devices may not need to be charged separately. In addition, in 6G, new network features may be as follows.

[0120] -Satellite integrated network: To provide global mobile groups, 6G will be integrated with satellites. Integrating ground waves, satellites, and public networks into one wireless communication system may be very important for 6G.

[0121] -Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is revolutionary, and wireless evolution can be updated from "connecting things" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied to every step of the communication process (or every step of the signal processing process described below).

[0122] - Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer: 6G wireless networks can deliver power to charge the batteries of devices such as smartphones and sensors. Therefore, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET) will be integrated.

[0123] -Ubiquitous super 3-dimemtion connectivity: Access to networks and core network functions from drones and very low earth orbit satellites will establish super 3D connectivity ubiquitously in 6G.

[0124] Among the new network features of 6G, several general requirements can be as follows

[0125] -Small cell network: The idea of ​​small cell network is introduced to improve the throughput, energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency in cellular systems to improve the quality of received signals. Therefore, small cell network is a basic feature for 5G and beyond 5G (5GB) communication systems. Therefore, 6G communication systems will also adopt the characteristics of small cell network.

[0126] -Ultra-dense heterogeneous network: Ultra-dense heterogeneous network will be another important feature of 6G communication system. Multi-layer network composed of heterogeneous networks will improve the overall QoS and reduce costs.

[0127] - High Capacity Backhaul: Backhaul connections are characterized by a high capacity backhaul network in order to support high capacity traffic. High speed optical fiber and Free Space Optics (FSO) systems may be possible solutions to this problem.

[0128] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision positioning (or location-based services) through communication is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0129] -Software and virtualization: Software and virtualization are two important features that are the basis of the design process in 5GB networks to ensure flexibility, reconfigurability and programmability. In addition, shared physical infrastructure can share billions of devices.

[0130] <Core Implementation Technology of 6G System>

[0131] AI

[0132] The most important and latest technology to be introduced in the 6G system is AI. The 4G system does not involve AI. The 5G system will support partial or very limited AI. However, the 6G system will support AI for full automation. In 6G, advances in machine learning will create smarter networks for real-time communications. In the case where AI is introduced into communications, real-time data transmission can be simplified and improved. AI can use many analyses to determine ways to perform complex target operations. That is, AI can improve efficiency and reduce processing delays.

[0133] Time-consuming tasks such as switching, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly by using AI. AI can even play an important role in M2M, machine-to-man, and man-to-machine communications. In addition, AI can be a fast communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, smart cognitive radios, self-maintaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0134] Recently, attempts have been made to integrate AI with wireless communication systems in the application layer or network layer, but deep learning has been concentrated in the field of wireless resource management and allocation. However, this research has gradually developed to the MAC layer and the physical layer, and specifically, attempts have begun to combine deep learning in the physical layer with wireless transmission. AI-based physical layer transmission refers to the application of AI-driven signal processing and communication mechanisms instead of traditional communication frameworks in basic signal processing and communication mechanisms. For example, it may include deep learning-based channel coding and decoding, deep learning-based signal estimation and detection, deep learning-based multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) mechanisms, AI-based resource scheduling and allocation, etc.

[0135] Machine learning can be used for channel estimation and channel tracking, and can be used for power allocation, interference cancellation, etc. in the physical layer of DL. In addition, machine learning can be used for antenna selection, power control, symbol detection, etc. in MIMO systems.

[0136] Machine learning refers to a series of operations to train a machine in order to create a machine that can perform tasks that cannot be performed by humans or are difficult to perform by humans. Machine learning requires data and a learning model. In machine learning, data learning methods can be roughly divided into three methods, that is, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

[0137] Neural network learning is to minimize the output error. Neural network learning refers to the process of repeatedly inputting training data into the neural network, calculating the error between the output of the neural network and the target for the training data, backpropagating the error of the neural network from the output layer of the neural network to the input layer in order to reduce the error and update the weight of each node of the neural network.

[0138] Supervised learning can use training data marked with the correct answer, and unsupervised learning can use training data that is not marked with the correct answer. That is, for example, in the case of supervised learning for data classification, the training data can be marked with categories. The marked training data can be input to the neural network, and the output (category) of the neural network can be compared with the label of the training data to calculate the error. The calculated error is back-propagated from the neural network backward (that is, from the output layer to the input layer), and the connection weights of each node of each layer of the neural network can be updated according to the back-propagation. The change in the updated connection weight of each node can be determined according to the learning rate. The calculation of the neural network for the input data and the back-propagation of the error can configure the learning cycle (epoch). The learning data is applied differently according to the number of repetitions of the learning cycle of the neural network. For example, in the early stages of learning of the neural network, a high learning rate can be used to improve efficiency so that the neural network quickly ensures a certain level of performance, and in the later stages of learning, a low learning rate can be used to improve accuracy.

[0139] The learning method can vary depending on the characteristics of the data. For example, in order to accurately predict the data sent from the transmitter in the receiver in the communication system, supervised learning can be used instead of unsupervised learning or reinforcement learning to perform learning.

[0140] The learning model corresponds to the human brain and can be regarded as the most basic linear model. However, the paradigm of machine learning using a neural network structure with high complexity (such as an artificial neural network) as a learning model is called deep learning.

[0141] The neural network core used as the learning method can generally include a deep neural network (DNN) method, a convolutional deep neural network (CNN) method, a recurrent Boltzmann machine (RNN) method, and a spiking neural network (SNN). Such a learning model is applicable.

[0142] THz (Terahertz) Communication

[0143] The data rate can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by using (sub-THz) sub-THz communications with wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves (also called submillimeter radiation) generally indicate a frequency band between 0.1THz and 10THz, where the corresponding wavelength is in the range of 0.03mm to 3mm. The 100GHz to 300GHz band range (sub-THz band) is considered to be the main part of the THz band for cellular communications. With the addition of the sub-THz band to the millimeter wave band, the 6G cellular communication capacity is increased. 300GHz to 3THz in the defined THz band is in the far infrared (IR) band. The band from 300GHz to 3THz is part of the optical band, but it is on the boundary of the optical band and just behind the RF band. Therefore, the band from 300GHz to 3THz has similarities with RF.

[0144] Figure 5 An example of the electromagnetic spectrum is shown.

[0145] The main characteristics of THz communications include (i) widely available bandwidth supporting very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss occurring at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beamwidth generated in highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a larger number of antenna elements to be integrated with devices and BSs operating in this frequency band. Therefore, advanced adaptive deployment techniques that can overcome range limitations can be used.

[0146] Massive MIMO

[0147] One of the core technologies for improving spectrum efficiency is MIMO technology. When MIMO technology improves, spectrum efficiency also improves. Therefore, large-scale MIMO technology will be important in 6G systems. Since MIMO technology uses multiple paths, multiplexing technology and beamforming and management technology suitable for THz bands should be considered to enable data signals to be sent through one or more paths.

[0148] Holographic Beamforming

[0149] Beamforming is a signal processing process that adjusts an antenna array to send a radio signal in a specific direction. This is a subset of smart antennas or advanced antenna systems. Beamforming technology has multiple advantages such as high signal-to-noise ratio, interference prevention and suppression, and high network efficiency. Holographic beamforming (HBF) is a new beamforming method that is significantly different from MIMO systems because this uses software-defined antennas. HBF will be a very effective method for efficiently and flexibly sending and receiving signals in multi-antenna communication devices in 6G.

[0150] Optical Wireless Technology

[0151] Optical wireless communication (OWC) is a form of optical communication that uses visible light, infrared light (IR), or ultraviolet light (UV) to carry signals. OWC that operates in the visible light band (e.g., 390nm to 750nm) is often referred to as visible light communication (VLC). VLC implementations can utilize light emitting diodes (LEDs). VLC can be used in a variety of applications, including wireless local area networks, wireless personal area networks, and vehicle-mounted networks.

[0152] VLC has multiple advantages over RF-based technologies. First, the spectrum occupied by VLC is idle / licensed and can provide a wide bandwidth (THz level bandwidth). Second, VLC rarely causes significant interference to other electromagnetic devices; therefore, VLC can be applied to sensitive electromagnetic interference applications, such as airplanes and hospitals. Third, VLC has advantages in communication security and privacy. The transmission medium (i.e., visible light) of VLC-based networks cannot pass through walls and other opaque obstacles. Therefore, the transmission range of VLC can be limited to indoors, which can protect the privacy and sensitive information of users. Fourth, VLC can use any light source as a base station, thereby eliminating the need for expensive base stations.

[0153] Free space optics (FSO) is an optical communication technology that uses light propagating in free space (such as air), external space, and vacuum to send data wirelessly for telecommunications or computer networks. FSO can be used as a point-to-point OWC system on the ground. FSO can operate at near infrared frequencies (750nm-1600nm). Laser transmitters can be used in FSO implementations, and FSO can provide high data rates (e.g., 10Gbit / s), providing a potential solution to the backhaul bottleneck.

[0154] In addition to RF-based communications for all possible devices to access networks, these OWC technologies are also planned to be used for 6G communications. These networks will connect access networks to backhaul / fronthaul networks. OWC technologies have been in use since 4G communication systems, but will be more widely used to meet the needs of 6G communication systems. OWC technologies such as optical fidelity, visible light communication, optical camera communication, and FSO communication based on optical bands are already well-known technologies. Communications based on optical wireless technology can provide extremely high data rates, low latency, and secure communications.

[0155] Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is also based on optical bands and can be used for ultra-high-resolution 3D mapping in 6G communications. LiDAR is a remote sensing method that uses near-infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light to illuminate an object and the reflected light is detected by a light sensor to measure the distance. LiDAR can be used for fully autonomous driving of cars.

[0156] FSO Backhaul Network

[0157] The characteristics of the transmitter and receiver of the FSO system are similar to those of the optical fiber network. Therefore, the data transmission of the FSO system is similar to that of the optical fiber system. Therefore, FSO can be a good technology for providing backhaul connection in 6G system together with the optical fiber network. When using FSO, even very long-distance communication is possible at a distance of 10,000 km or more. FSO supports a large number of backhaul connections for remote and non-remote areas such as oceans, space, underwater, and isolated islands. FSO also supports cellular base station connections.

[0158] Non-terrestrial network (NTN)

[0159] 6G systems will integrate terrestrial and aerial networks to support vertically extended user communications. 3D BS will be delivered via low-orbit satellites and UAVs. Adding new dimensions in terms of altitude and associated degrees of freedom makes 3D connectivity quite different from traditional 2D networks. NR sees non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) as a way to achieve this. NTNs are networks or network segments that use RF resources on satellites (or UAS platforms). For NTNs that provide access to user devices, there are two common scenarios: transparent payloads and regenerative payloads. The following are the basic elements of NTNs.

[0160] - One or more sat gateways connecting the NTN to the public data network.

[0161] -GEO satellites are fed by one or more satellite gateways deployed across the satellite target range (e.g., regional or continental coverage). We assume that a UE in a cell is served by only one sat gateway.

[0162] - Non-GEO satellites that are continuously served by one or more satellite gateways at a time. The system ensures service and feeder link continuity between the continuously served satellite gateways for a duration sufficient to allow mobility anchoring and handoff.

[0163] -Feeder link or radio link between the satellite gateway and the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0164] - A service link or radio link between the user equipment and the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0165] - Satellites (or UAS platforms) that can implement transparent payloads or regenerative (with onboard processing) payloads. Beams generated by satellites (or UAS platforms) typically generate multiple beams for a given service area, depending on the field of view. The footprint of the beam is typically elliptical. The field of view of a satellite (or UAS platform) depends on the onboard antenna pattern and the minimum angle of attack.

[0166] - Transparent Payload: RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification so the waveform signal repeated by the payload remains unchanged.

[0167] - Regenerative payload: RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decryption, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. This is effectively the same as having all or part of the base station functionality (e.g., gNB) on a satellite (or UAS platform).

[0168] - For satellite deployment, optionally, an Inter-Satellite Link (ISL). This requires a regenerative payload on the satellite. The ISL can operate at RF frequencies or in the optical band.

[0169] - User equipment is served by a satellite (or UAS platform) within the target coverage area.

[0170] Typically, GEO satellites and UAS are used to provide continental, regional or local services.

[0171] Typically, constellations in LEO and MEO are used to provide coverage in both the northern and southern hemispheres. In some cases, constellations can also provide global coverage, including polar regions. The latter requires appropriate orbital inclination, sufficient beam generation, and links between satellites.

[0172] Quantum communication

[0173] Quantum communication is the next generation of communication technology, which can overcome the limitations of traditional communication (such as security and high-speed computing, etc.) by applying quantum mechanical properties to the field of information and communication. Quantum communication provides a means of generating, sending, processing and storing information that cannot be expressed in the form of 0 and 1 according to the binary bit information used in existing communication technology. In conventional communication technology, wavelength or amplitude is used to send information between the transmitter and the receiver, but in quantum communication, photons as the smallest light unit are used to send information between the transmitter and the receiver. Specifically, in the case of quantum communication, quantum uncertainty and quantum irreversibility can be used for polarization or phase difference of photons (light), so quantum communication has the characteristic of being able to communicate with perfect security. In addition, quantum communication can also use quantum entanglement under certain conditions to achieve ultra-high-speed communication.

[0174] No cell communication

[0175] The tight integration of multiple frequencies and heterogeneous communication technologies is key in 6G systems. As a result, users can move seamlessly from one network to another without having to create any manual configuration on their devices. The best network is automatically selected from the available communication technologies. This will destroy the limitations of the cell concept in wireless communications. Currently, user movement from one cell to other cells causes too many handovers in dense networks, resulting in handover failures, handover delays, data loss, and ping-pong effects. 6G cell-free communication will overcome all of this and provide better QoS.

[0176] Cell-free communication is defined as "a system in which a large number of geographically distributed antennas (APs) cooperate to serve a small number of terminals using the same time / frequency resources with the help of a fronthaul network and CPU". A single terminal is served by a collection of multiple APs (called an AP cluster). There are many ways to form an AP cluster, among which the method of configuring an AP cluster to significantly help improve the reception performance of a terminal is called a terminal-centric clustering method, and when using this method, the configuration is dynamically updated as the terminal moves. By adopting this device-centric AP clustering technology, the device is always at the center of the AP cluster, so there is no inter-cluster interference that may occur when the device is located at the boundary of the AP cluster. This cell-free communication will be achieved through multi-connectivity and multi-layer hybrid technologies as well as different heterogeneous radios in the device.

[0177] Integration of Wireless Information and Energy Transfer (WIET)

[0178] WIET uses the same field and waves as wireless communication systems. Specifically, sensors and smartphones will be charged using wireless power transfer during communication. WIET is a promising technology for extending the life of battery charging wireless systems. Therefore, devices without batteries will be supported in 6G communications.

[0179] Integration of wireless communications and sensing

[0180] Autonomous wireless networks are the ability to continuously detect dynamically changing environmental states and exchange information between different nodes. In 6G, sensing will be tightly integrated with communications to support autonomous systems.

[0181] Integrated access and backhaul networks

[0182] In 6G, the density of access networks will be huge. Each access network is connected by optical fiber and backhaul connections (such as FSO networks). In order to cope with a very large number of access networks, there will be tight integration between the access network and the backhaul network.

[0183] Big Data Analysis

[0184] Big data analytics is a complex process used to analyze various large data sets or big data. The process finds information such as hidden data, unknown correlations, and customer dispositions to ensure complete data management. Big data is collected from various sources such as videos, social networks, images, and sensors. This technology is widely used in 6G systems to process massive amounts of data.

[0185] Reconfigurable smart surfaces

[0186] There is a large body of research that considers the radio environment as a variable to be optimized along with the transmitter and receiver. The radio environment created by this approach is called a smart radio environment (SRE) or intelligent radio environment (IRE) to highlight its fundamental difference from past design and optimization criteria. Various terms have been proposed for SRE-enabled reconfigurable smart antenna (or intelligent reconfigurable antenna technology) technology, including reconfigurable metasurfaces, smart large smart surfaces (SLIS), large smart surfaces (LIS), reconfigurable smart surfaces (RIS), and intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS).

[0187] In the case of THz band signals, there are many shadow areas caused by obstacles due to the strong nature of the signal, and RIS technology is important for expanding the communication area by installing RIS near these shadow areas to enhance communication stability and realize additional value-added services. RIS is an artificial surface made of electromagnetic materials that can change the propagation of incoming and outgoing radio waves. Although RIS can be regarded as an extension of massive MIMO, it has an array structure and working mechanism different from massive MIMO. RIS also has the advantage of lower power consumption because it works as a reconfigurable reflector with passive elements, which means that it only passively reflects signals without using active RF chains. In addition, each of the passive reflectors in RIS must independently adjust the phase shift of the incident signal, which may be advantageous for wireless communication channels. By appropriately adjusting the phase shift with the help of the RIS controller, the reflected signal can be collected at the target receiver to increase the received signal power.

[0188] In addition to reflecting radio signals, there are RIS that can adjust transmission characteristics and refraction characteristics, and these RIS are mainly used for O2I (outdoor to indoor). Recently, STAR-RIS (simultaneous transmission and reflection RIS) that provides transmission while reflecting has also been actively studied.

[0189] metaverse

[0190] Metaverse is a portmanteau of the words "meta" meaning virtual, transcendent, and "universe" meaning space. Generally speaking, the metaverse is a three-dimensional virtual space where the same social and economic activities as in the real world are common.

[0191] Extended Reality (XR), a key technology to enable the Metaverse, is the fusion of virtual and real, which can extend the reality experience and provide a unique sense of immersion. The high bandwidth and low latency of 6G networks will enable users to experience more immersive virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) experiences.

[0192] Autonomous driving, self-driving

[0193] For perfect autonomous driving, vehicles must communicate with each other to notify each other of dangerous situations, or communicate with infrastructure such as parking lots and traffic lights to check information such as parking location information and signal change time. Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, is a technology that enables vehicles to communicate with various elements on the road and share information, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), for autonomous driving.

[0194] In order to maximize the performance of autonomous driving and ensure high safety, fast transmission speeds and low latency technologies are necessary. In addition, in the future, autonomous driving will go beyond delivering warning or guidance messages to the driver to actively intervene in vehicle operations and directly control the vehicle in dangerous situations, and the amount of information that needs to be sent and received will be large, so 6G is expected to maximize autonomous driving with faster transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G.

[0195] Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)

[0196] Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones will be an important factor in 6G wireless communications. In most cases, UAV technology is used to provide high-speed data wireless connections. The base station entity is installed in the UAV to provide cellular connectivity. UAV has specific features not found in fixed base station infrastructure, such as easy deployment, strong line of sight links, and freedom of controlled mobility. During emergencies such as natural disasters, the deployment of terrestrial telecommunication infrastructure is economically unfeasible and sometimes cannot provide services in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle this situation. UAVs will be a new paradigm in the field of wireless communications. This technology contributes to three basic requirements of wireless networks, such as eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also serve many purposes, such as improved network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is considered to be one of the most important technologies for 6G communications.

[0197] Blockchain

[0198] Blockchain will be an important technology for managing large amounts of data in future communication systems. Blockchain is a form of distributed ledger technology, and a distributed ledger is a database distributed across numerous nodes or computing devices. Each node replicates and stores the same copy of the ledger. Blockchain is managed through a peer-to-peer (P2P) network. This can exist without being managed by a centralized agency or server. Blockchain data is collected together and organized into blocks. Blocks are connected to each other and protected using encryption. Blockchain fully complements large-scale IoT through improved interoperability, security, privacy, stability and scalability. Therefore, blockchain technology provides multiple functions, such as interoperability between devices, high-capacity data traceability, autonomous interaction of different IoT systems, and large-scale connection stability of 6G communication systems.

[0199] <Carrier Aggregation>

[0200] A carrier aggregation system is now described.

[0201] The carrier aggregation system aggregates multiple element carriers (CCs). Depending on the carrier aggregation, the meaning of the existing cell changes. Depending on the carrier aggregation, the cell may refer to a combination of a downlink element carrier and an uplink element carrier, or to an independent downlink element carrier.

[0202] In addition, in carrier aggregation, cells can be classified into primary cells, secondary cells, and serving cells. A primary cell is a cell operating on a primary frequency. A primary cell refers to a cell in which a terminal performs an initial connection establishment process or a connection reestablishment process, or a cell indicated as a primary cell during a handover process. A secondary cell refers to a cell operating on a secondary frequency. When an RRC connection is established, a secondary cell is used to provide additional radio resources.

[0203] As described above, in contrast to a single carrier system, a carrier aggregation system may support multiple component carriers (CCs), ie, multiple serving cells.

[0204] The carrier aggregation system may support cross-carrier scheduling. Cross-carrier scheduling is a scheduling method that allows a PDCCH transmitted on a specific CC to perform resource allocation of a PDSCH transmitted on other CCs and / or resource allocation of a PUSCH transmitted on a CC different from a CC natively associated with the specific CC.

[0205] Carrier aggregation can also be divided into inter-band CA and intra-band CA. Inter-band CA is a method of aggregating CCs existing in different operating bands, while intra-band CA is a method of aggregating CCs in the same operating band. More specifically, CA technologies include intra-band continuous CA, intra-band non-continuous CA, and inter-band non-continuous CA.

[0206] <Dual Connectivity (DC)>

[0207] Recently, a scheme for connecting a UE to different base stations (eg, a macro cell base station and a small cell base station) at the same time is being studied. This is called dual connectivity (DC).

[0208] For example, when DC is configured in E-UTRA, the following exemplary description may be applied.

[0209] In DC, the eNodeB for the primary cell (PCell) may be referred to as a master eNodeB (hereinafter referred to as MeNB). In addition, the eNodeB only for the secondary cell (Scell) may be referred to as a secondary eNodeB (hereinafter referred to as SeNB).

[0210] A cell group including a primary cell (PCell) implemented by a MeNB may be referred to as a primary cell group (MCG) or a PUCCH cell group 1. A cell group including a secondary cell (Scell) implemented by a SeNB may be referred to as a secondary cell group (SCG) or a PUCCH cell group 2.

[0211] In addition, among the secondary cells in the secondary cell group (SCG), the secondary cell in which the UE can send uplink control information (UCI) or the secondary cell in which the UE can send PUCCH can be called a super secondary cell (super SCell) or a primary secondary cell (primary Scell, PScell).

[0212] Figures 6a to 6c is a diagram illustrating an exemplary architecture for next generation mobile communication services.

[0213] Reference Figure 6a, the UE is connected to the LTE / LTE-A cell and the NR cell under dual connectivity (DC).

[0214] The NR cell is connected to the core network (i.e., Evolved Packet Core (EPC)) for conventional fourth-generation mobile communications. Figure 6a In the example shown, the UE is configured with EN-DC (E-UTRA-NR DC). The UE configured with EN-DC is connected to an E-UTRA (i.e., LTE / LTE-A) cell and an NR cell. Here, the PCell in EN-DC can be an E-UTRA (i.e., LTE / LTE-A) cell, and the PSCell in EN-DC can be an NR cell.

[0215] Reference Figure 6b , different from Figure 6a In the example in , the LTE / LTE-A cell is connected to a core network for fifth-generation mobile communications (ie, a next generation (NG) core network).

[0216] based on Figure 6a and Figure 6b The services of the architecture shown are called non-standalone (NSA) services.

[0217] Reference Figure 6c , the UE is only connected to the NR cell. Services based on this architecture are called standalone (SA) services.

[0218] In addition, in the above-mentioned new radio access technology (NR), it can be considered to use a downlink subframe to receive from a base station and an uplink subframe to send to the base station. The method can be applied to paired spectrum and non-paired spectrum. A pair of spectrum indications includes two subcarriers for downlink operation and uplink operation. For example, a subcarrier in a pair of spectrums may include a pair of downlink frequency bands and uplink frequency bands.

[0219] Figure 7 An example of a process for activating a SCell is illustrated.

[0220] exist Figure 7 In the example of , UE, PCell and SCell are shown. PCell and SCell are shown as separate objects, but may be included in a single base station or device. Alternatively, PCell and SCell may exist in different locations.

[0221] The PCell may send an RRC connection reset message to the UE.

[0222] Optionally, the UE may perform a reconfiguration procedure. Optionally, the PCell and SCell may perform a network (NW) reconfiguration procedure.

[0223] The UE may send an RRC connection reconfiguration complete message to the PCell.

[0224] The PCell may send an SCell activation message to the UE.

[0225] The UE may perform a cell detection process for the SCell, and the UE may perform measurements for the SCell, and a connection between the UE and the SCell may be established.

[0226] The UE may receive downlink signals from the PCell and the SCell.

[0227] If the PCell wants to deactivate the SCell, the PCell may send a SCell deactivation message.

[0228] Then, the UE may not receive any downlink signal from the SCell. The UE may receive a downlink signal from the PCell.

[0229] Hereinafter, measurements based on various examples will be explained. For example, measurements for quickly performing SCell establishment / recovery and / or SCG establishment / recovery when performing RRC connection establishment will be described.

[0230] Supporting fast DC / CA establishment when a device transitions from idle / inactive mode to connected mode is discussed. For fast DC / CA establishment, supporting early measurement reporting (EMR) on the device is discussed. However, there is a problem that it is not possible to perform fast DC / CA establishment for devices that do not support EMR.

[0231] Note that UE and terminal are used interchangeably hereinafter.

[0232] The following figures are intended to illustrate specific embodiments of the present disclosure. The designation of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields shown in the figures is for illustrative purposes only, and the technical features of this specification are not limited to the specific designations used in the following figures.

[0233] Figure 8 An example UE state according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0234] Reference Figure 8 In the example, the UE states include connected mode, idle mode, RRC connection establishment and connected mode. Figure 8 The state of the UE shown in the example may be a state related to radio resource control (RRC).

[0235] For mobility enhancement of 5G NR, a solution is needed to quickly perform DC configuration and / or CA configuration when a UE transitions from an idle / inactive mode (i.e., idle mode or inactive mode) to a connected mode. For example, when a terminal (e.g., UE) transitions from an idle / inactive mode to a connected mode, the need for a new measurement method for SCell / SCG establishment and additional NW information for fast DC / CA establishment can be discussed.

[0236] Here, the measurements performed for SCell / SCG establishment for fast DC / CA establishment refer to Figure 8 Measurements performed in the step of establishing / restoring “(3) RRC connection” in the example.

[0237] There is an operation called Early Measurement Report (EMR) to allow devices to quickly establish DC / CA. EMR is also known as Idle / Inactive Mode Measurement. According to conventional EMR operation, the UE is in Connected Mode ( Figure 8 The UE receives information to be measured in idle mode (or inactive mode) in part (1) of FIG. 1 . Then, the UE starts measuring in idle mode (or inactive mode) and in connected mode ( Figure 8 The measurement results are reported under section (4) of . Note that the EMR measurement can be set by the network. For example, the network can send an RRC release message including setup information for the EMR measurement to the UE. For example, the EMR measurement can be represented by idleInactiveNR-MeasReport. If the terminal supports idleInactiveNR-MeasReport, the terminal should be able to perform the idle / inactive mode CA / DC measurement set via RRC release until the T331 timer expires. However, some terminals do not have the EMR capability to perform these EMR measurements.

[0238] For devices without EMR capabilities, it is also necessary to find a way to quickly establish DC / CA. To this end, enhancements to the measurement method can be considered. Here, a terminal without EMR capabilities may refer to a terminal that cannot perform EMR. This specification proposes the following operations of the NW and the terminal: When performing an RRC connection establishment (for example, Figure 8 (3)) related operations while measuring the terminal in the orange part. In the examples of this specification, a terminal without EMR capability is assumed. However, this is only for illustrative purposes, and the description of the terminal in the various examples of this specification can also be applied to a terminal with EMR capability. In addition, the operations of the UE described below may be applied to all terminals, or may be applied only to a terminal with enhanced measurement (e.g., an example of the nomenclature of the measurement described in the open example of this specification) capability. Each of the operations described below may be used in combination.

[0239] The RRC connection establishment and recovery steps of the terminal can be described in two parts, such as Fig. 9 Examples and Fig.10 Refer to the example of Fig. 9 Examples and Fig.10 Various examples of the present disclosure are described with reference to examples.

[0240] The following figures are intended to illustrate specific embodiments of the present disclosure. The designation of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields shown in the figures is for illustrative purposes only, and the technical features of this specification are not limited to the specific designations used in the following figures.

[0241] Fig. 9 An example of a procedure related to RRC establishment / recovery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0242] exist Fig. 9 In the example, NW may refer to a base station (e.g., gNB, NG-RAN).

[0243] The UE may send an RRCSetup request message or an RRC Resume request message.

[0244] NW can send RRC Setup (Resume) message.

[0245] When the UE receives the RRC Setup (Resume) message, the UE may send an RRC Setup / Resume Complete message.

[0246] NW can send UEinformationRequest.

[0247] The UE may send a UEinformationResponse.

[0248] The following figures are intended to illustrate specific embodiments of the present disclosure. The designation of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields shown in the figures is for illustrative purposes only, and the technical features of this specification are not limited to the specific designations used in the following figures.

[0249] Fig.10 An example of a procedure related to RRC recovery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0250] The UE may send an RRC Resume request message.

[0251] NW can send RRCResume message.

[0252] When the UE receives the RRC Resume message, the UE may send an RRC Resume Complete message.

[0253] Reference Fig. 9 Examples in and Fig.10 In the example of FIG. 1 , 1) measurement information configuration, 2) measurement gap establishment, 3) measurement period and measurement sample / beam, and 4) measurement report will be described.

[0254] 1) Measurement information configuration

[0255] For example, in the establishment request step (e.g., Figure 8 step (3) in the previous step) or in idle / inactive mode (e.g. Figure 8 Step (2) in the configuration of measurement information.

[0256] 1-A) Measurement information may be set in the setup request step.

[0257] For example, the terminal may request configuration for measurement in the establishment request step. For example, the terminal may request measurement configuration as shown in the following example:

[0258] i) The terminal may request measurement configuration in the RRCsetup / resume request (e.g. Figure 8 The first step or Fig. 9 the first step of

[0259] ii) The terminal can request measurement configuration in RRCsetup / resume completion ( Figure 8 The third step).

[0260] The NW may send the measurement configuration to all terminals, or send the measurement configuration to the terminal if the terminal requests the configuration, or send the measurement configuration to the terminal according to the terminal's capabilities. Note that in the present disclosure, the terminal may send capability information to the NW. For example, the NW may send a UEcapabilityEnquiry message to the terminal. After receiving the UEcapabilityEnquiry message from the network, the terminal may send the capabilities related to the EMR to the network.

[0261] For example, the NW may perform operations such as the following examples based on the capabilities of the terminal:

[0262] i) NW can send measurement configuration to the terminal in RRCsetup / resume ( Figure 8 The second step or Fig. 9 or

[0263] ii) The NW can send the measurement configuration to the terminal in UEinformationRequest ( Figure 8 Step 4 of ).

[0264] 1-B) Measurement information can be configured in idle / inactive mode.

[0265] For example, the terminal may receive a measurement configuration in idle / inactive mode. For example, the terminal may perform the following example operations:

[0266] i) The terminal may use the measurement configuration defined in SIB4 or SIB11;

[0267] ii) Based on a separate SIB, the measurement configuration may only be applied to terminals with enhanced measurement capabilities;

[0268] iii) When the device switches from connected mode to idle mode, the NW can notify the device of the measurement configuration in advance;

[0269] iv) in idle mode, based on the measurement information for inter-frequency cell reselection, the terminal may be notified of the measurement information; or

[0270] v) In the case of an EMR terminal, the terminal may use the information included in the EMR measurement configuration.

[0271] The device may receive paging, thereby placing the device in a connected mode. In this case, the device may read the paging information, or it may receive the measurement configuration in a separate process.

[0272] 2) Measurement gap configuration (or establishment)

[0273] 2-A) The NW may set a measurement gap (MG) to the terminal through separate signaling. In this case, the MG setting may be performed similarly to the above-mentioned "1) Setting measurement information";

[0274] 2-B) Alternatively, there may be no MG setup, and the terminal determines that an MG is needed. In this case, the terminal may set up the MG itself to ensure that transmission / reception associated with the RRC connection is not interrupted; or,

[0275] 2-C) The terminal may prioritize this process until the RRC connection completion message is sent. After that, the terminal may quickly perform measurement of the measurement cell without using the MG after RF tuning the measurement cell.

[0276] 3) Measurement interval (or duration or period) and measurement samples / beams

[0277] 3-A) Measurement start time

[0278] For measuring the start time, the following examples may apply:

[0279] a) The terminal may start measuring from the time it receives the measurement configuration (e.g., during the configuration step described in “1) Establishing measurement information”); or

[0280] b) The terminal may start measurement during the phase of sending the RRC recovery request.

[0281] In addition, a timer (eg, T300) may be started at the time when the measurement starts. For example, a value such as {100, 200, 300, 400, 600, 1000, 1500, 2000} ms may be used as the timer value.

[0282] 3-B) Measurement method

[0283] The terminal and / or NW may perform measurement-related actions based on the following examples:

[0284] i) Even if the terminal is able to send an RRC setup / recovery complete message, it may postpone the sending of the RRC setup / recovery complete message to perform fast measurements on the segment. In addition, the following examples may apply:

[0285] i-1) For these measurements, the end time of the timer can be considered. Examples based on i-2 and i-3 below can be considered;

[0286] i-2) (if there is no MG) the timer started above may need to be completed for at least (SMTC period * beam scanning factor * number of measurement samples) to allow the terminal to postpone transmission; and

[0287] i-3) (If there is an MG) In order for the terminal to defer transmission, the end time of the timer that has been started must be at least (max(MGRP, SMTC period)*beam scanning factor*number of measurement samples) remaining.

[0288] The cell measured by the terminal may be an unknown cell. In this case, additional time for detecting the PBCH may be considered. The difference between the measurement time for a known cell and the measurement time for an unknown cell may be represented by the following example:

[0289] T identify_inter_without_index =(T PSS / SSS_sync_inter +T SSB_measurement_period_inter )ms

[0290] T identify_inter_with_index =(T PSS / SSS_sync_inter +T SSB_measurement_period_inter +T SSB_time_index_inter )ms

[0291] In the above formula, Tidentify_inter_without_index is an example of the measurement time for a known cell, and T identify_inter_with_index is an example of the measurement time for an unknown cell. For a detailed description of the parameters in the above formula, please refer to 3GPP TS 38.133 V17.7.0 S9.3.4.

[0292] For example, in the above formula, TPSS / SSS_sync_inter, TSSB_time_index_inter, and TSSB_measurement_period_inter may be based on Table 6, Table 7, and Table 8, respectively.

[0293] [Table 6]

[0294]

[0295]

[0296] The example in Table 6 is an example of a time period for PSS / SSS detection in FR2. For the example in Table 6, the following Notes 1 to 4 may apply:

[0297] NOTE 1: DRX requirement or non-DRX requirement shall be applied according to the conditions described in clause 3.6.1 of 3GPP TS 38.133.

[0298] Note 2: In EN-DC operation, the parameters, timers and scheduling requests mentioned in clause 3.6.1 of 3GPP TS 38.133 are for the secondary cell group. The DRX cycle is the DRX cycle of the secondary cell group.

[0299] Note 3: For UEs supporting concurrent gaps, if concurrent measurement gaps are configured, the above MRGP is the MRGP of the measurement gap associated with the target frequency layer to be measured.

[0300] Note 4: KFR is a scaling factor that depends on the frequency range and SSB SCS. For FR2-1, KFR = 1. For FR2-2: If the SCS of the detected cell's SSB is 120 kHz, then KFR = 1; if the SCS of the detected cell's SSB is 480 kHz, then KFR = 2; and if the SCS of the detected cell's SSB is 960 kHz, then KFR = 3.

[0301] [Table 7]

[0302]

[0303] The example in Table 7 is an example of a time period for time index detection in FR2. For the example in Table 7, the following Notes 1 to 3 may apply:

[0304] NOTE 1: DRX requirement or non-DRX requirement shall be applied according to the conditions described in clause 3.6.1 of 3GPP TS 38.133.

[0305] Note 2: In EN-DC operation, the parameters, timers and scheduling requests mentioned in clause 3.6.1 of 3GPP TS 38.133 are for the secondary cell group. The DRX cycle is the DRX cycle of the secondary cell group.

[0306] Note 3: For a UE supporting concurrent gaps, if concurrent measurement gaps are set, the above MRGP is the MRGP of the measurement gap associated with the target frequency layer to be measured.

[0307] [Table 8]

[0308]

[0309] The example in Table 8 is an example of a measurement period for inter-frequency measurement with gaps in FR2.

[0310] Time period for time index detection. For the example in Table 8, the following Notes 1 to 3 may apply:

[0311] NOTE 1: DRX requirement or non-DRX requirement shall be applied according to the conditions described in clause 3.6.1 of 3GPP TS 38.133.

[0312] Note 2: In EN-DC operation, the parameters, timers and scheduling requests mentioned in clause 3.6.1 of 3GPP TS 38.133 are for the secondary cell group. The DRX cycle is the DRX cycle of the secondary cell group.

[0313] Note 3: For a UE supporting concurrent gaps, if concurrent measurement gaps are set, the above MRGP is the MRGP of the measurement gap associated with the target frequency layer to be measured.

[0314] For reference, if MG is not required in the above table, only the SMTC period can be considered. In addition, in the above measurements, relatively fast measurements such as highSpeedMeasInterFreq-r17 can be considered.

[0315] For example, if fast measurement is considered, fast measurement can be relatively considered according to the set timer value. For reference, the timer here can refer to the timer described in "3-A)" above. For example, if the timer is set to 600 or more, normal measurement can be considered, and if the timer is set to a value less than 600, fast measurement can be considered.

[0316] ii) Even if the measurement has not been completed, the terminal can stop the measurement and send RRC setup / recovery completion. In this case, the terminal can notify the NW that the measurement has not been completed. For example, the terminal can report to the NW via RRC setup / recovery completion that the measurement has not been completed. For example, if the NW requests the measurement result from the terminal, the terminal can report that it has not completed the measurement. In addition, after the terminal switches to the connected mode, the measurement of the Scell ​​of the NW and its related configuration may be similar or identical. In this case, the terminal can also resume the measurement from the time point when the measurement was stopped. For example, after the terminal has switched to the connected mode, the target and the configuration related to the target of the measurement previously performed by the terminal may be similar to the SCell of the NW and the configuration related to the SCell. In this case, the terminal can resume the measurement from the time point when the measurement was stopped.

[0317] Further, the terminal may consider whether the MG is needed and the remaining time on the timer before performing the measurement. For example, before performing the measurement, the terminal may abandon the measurement or perform the measurement based on whether the MG is needed and the remaining time on the timer. For example, if the terminal considers the MG and the timer and determines that the measurement is impossible before the timer expires, the terminal may abandon the measurement. When abandoning or performing the measurement, the terminal may report to the NW that the measurement is abandoned or performed.

[0318] iii) For measurement, the remaining time of the timer may not be considered. In this case, the terminal shall terminate all measurements just before the timer expires and send RRC establishment / recovery completion. In this case (when the remaining time of the timer is not considered), only relatively fast measurements, such as highSpeedMeasInterFreq-r17 in the above example, may be considered. highSpeedMeasInterFreq-r17 may be a measurement for a terminal moving at high speed. For example, highSpeedMeasInterFreq-r17 may also be referred to as highSpeedMeasFlagFR2. When the terminal receives highSpeedMeasFlagFR2, it may apply enhanced RRM requirements supported at high speeds of approximately 350 km / h. For example, when highSpeedMeasFlagFR2 is configured, the terminal may perform measurements based on a small number of samples, as shown in the example in Table 11 below. This shortens the measurement / evaluation time, thereby allowing the terminal to perform fast measurements.

[0319] In addition, in this case, after the terminal has switched to the connected mode, the measurement of the Scell ​​of the NW and the configuration related to the Scell ​​may be similar or identical. In this case, the terminal may resume the measurement from the time point when the measurement was stopped. For example, after the terminal has switched to the connected mode, the target of the measurement previously performed by the terminal and the configuration related to the target may be similar to the SCell of the NW and the configuration related to the SCell. In this case, the terminal may resume the measurement from the time point when the measurement was stopped.

[0320] iv) For measurements performed by the terminal, the following examples of methods may further be considered:

[0321] iv-1) For measurements performed by the terminal, fewer samples and a smaller beam scanning factor may be applied compared to conventional measurements. The terminal may perform measurements based on smaller samples and a smaller beam scanning factor than conventional measurements:

[0322] iv-1-A) Here, in the following examples, the samples and beam scanning factors may be reduced. For example, the beam scanning factor may be reduced based on measurements in the inter-frequency measurement in idle mode. For example, the inter-frequency measurement results may be derived by combining the measurement samples measured in idle mode with the measurement samples measured in connected mode;

[0323] iv-1-B) Alternatively, depending on the capabilities of the terminal, a small beam scanning factor may be applied.

[0324] iv-2) The terminal and / or NW may use the measurement results as follows:

[0325] iv-2-A) The measurement results may be used to select cells for fast DC / CA establishment;

[0326] iv-2-B) The measurement results may be used to obtain a candidate cell list for cells established for DC / CA; or

[0327] iv-2-C) The measurement results can be used to verify the cells established for DC / CA.

[0328] v) If measurements are performed in idle mode, for example, a small number of samples and a different scaling factor than used in connected mode may be used. For example, samples and beam scanning may be considered as shown in the examples in Tables 9 to 11 below.

[0329] [Table 9]

[0330]

[0331] The example in Table 9 shows that T detect,NR_Inter 、T measure,NR_Inter and Tevaluate,NR_Inter .

[0332] Table 9 can be applied as in the following example:

[0333] Note 1: Applicable to UEs supporting FR2-1 power classes 2, 3 and 4. For UEs supporting FR2-1 power classes 1 or 5, N1 = 8 for all DRX cycle lengths.

[0334] Note 2: Applicable to UEs supporting FR2-2 power classes 2 and 3. For UEs supporting FR2-2 power class 1, N1 = 12 for all DRX cycle lengths.

[0335] In the table above, the requirements are examples of the number of samples and duration in a typical measurement. Therefore, smaller samples can be used, such as 36, 4, 16 (based on DRX with a 0.32s period). Alternatively, smaller scaling factors can be used, such as 8, 5, 4, 3.

[0336] For example, the following samples and beam scan factors for the highspeedmes case may be used.

[0337] [Table 10]

[0338]

[0339] The example in Table 10 shows T for the case where the UE is configured with highSpeedMeasFlag-r16 in FR1. detect,NR_Intra 、T measure,NR_Intra and T evaluate,NR_Intra .

[0340] The following comments may be applied to the examples in Table 10.

[0341] Note 1: If SMTC is 40 ms or less, M2 = M3 = M4 = 1. If SMTC is greater than 40 ms, M2 = 1.5, M3 = M4 = 2.

[0342] NOTE 2: If highSpeedMeasFlag-r16 is configured, this requirement can only be applied to UEs supporting measurementEnhancement-r16 or intraNR-MeasurementEnhancement-r16.

[0343] [Table 11]

[0344]

[0345] The example in Table 11 shows Tdetect for a UE configured with highSpeedMeasFlag-r17 in FR2 ,NR_Intra 、Tmeasure ,NR_Intra and Tevaluate ,NR_Intra .

[0346] For the examples in Table 11, the following notes may apply.

[0347] Note 1: If SMTC is 40 ms or less, M2=M3=M4=1. Then, if SMTC is greater than 40 ms, M2=1.5, M3=M4=2.

[0348] Note 2: If [highSpeedMeasFlagFR2-r17] = [set1], then N2 = 2, and if [highSpeedMeasFlagFR2-r17] = [set2], then N2 = 6.

[0349] 4) Measurement report

[0350] The terminal and / or the NW may perform operations related to reporting of measurement results, as shown in the following example:

[0351] 4-A) The terminal can report the measurement results to the NW in RRCsetup / resume complete ( Fig. 9 The third step or Fig.10 The third step of

[0352] 4-B) The terminal can report the measurement results to the NW in the UE information response ( Fig. 9 The fifth step of

[0353] 4-C) If the NW has requested the report of the measurement result, the terminal may perform a separate process to report the measurement result to the NW. Alternatively, the terminal may perform a separate process to report the measurement result; or

[0354] 4-D) Alternatively, the terminal may postpone (or delay) reporting. The terminal may also report to the NW the combined results of previously performed measurements and sample measurements performed during the connected state. In this case, the terminal may notify the network of measurements performed during the RRC connected state.

[0355] The time point when the terminal ends the measurement may be when the measurement end is specified according to "3) Measurement interval and sample / beam", or when the terminal completes reporting associated with the measurement.

[0356] Can be based on Fig.11 Examples and Fig.12The example description includes a combination of one or more operations described in the various examples of 1) to 4) above. Fig.11 Examples and Fig.12 The examples are examples of operations of the NW and / or operations of the terminal based on the above-mentioned various examples.

[0357] The following figures are intended to illustrate specific embodiments of the present disclosure. The designation of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields shown in the figures is for illustrative purposes only, and the technical features of this specification are not limited to the specific designations used in the following figures.

[0358] Fig.11 A first example of an operation related to measurement according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0359] Fig.11 The example in is an example of when the terminal can report measurements. For example, if the terminal obtains a measurement failure that can be reported (or will be reported) to the NW when performing the RRC connection establishment process, it can perform Fig.11 .

[0360] The NW may send an RRC setup message or an RRC resume message to the UE. The RRC setup message or the RRC resume message may include measurement configuration.

[0361] Based on the measurement configuration, the UE may start the measurement. The UE may determine that a reportable result has been obtained during the RRC connection establishment. It is noteworthy that in various examples of the disclosure herein, the UE may determine that a reportable result has been obtained, or decide to report the measurement, in any of the following examples. For example, a) the UE obtains a measurement result for which the measurement has been completed for the number of samples required to meet the measurement accuracy; or b) the UE obtains a measurement result for which the measurement has been performed within a specific time period from the reporting time; or c) the UE obtains a measurement result in which the RSRP / RSRQ is higher than a specific value when the UE performs the measurement. b) may refer to the following situation: the measurement result is within a specific time period relative to the time when the measurement result is reported, for example, to prevent reporting of outdated measurement results. For example, the "specific time period" between the measurement time and the reporting time in b) may refer to the amount of time (x milliseconds) between the time when the device performs the measurement and obtains the result and the time when the device reports the measurement result. If a large amount of time has passed since the measurement result was obtained, the measurement result may be invalid. Therefore, in case b), the UE determines that the measurement result is valid within a specific time (x milliseconds) from the time when the measurement is reported, and considers it to be a reportable result.

[0362] For example, after the UE receives the RRC setup message but before sending the RRC setup complete message, the UE may determine that it has obtained reportable measurement results. In this case, the UE may send a measurement report to the NW via the RRC setup complete message.

[0363] The UE may send an RRCsetupComplete message including a measurement report to the NW. For example, the RRCsetupComplete message may be msg5.

[0364] The NW may initiate the Scell / SCG. For example, the NW may provide the UE with configurations related to the Scell / SCG. For example, based on the measurements reported by the UE, the NW may perform procedures related to adding / activating the SCell / SCG (e.g., SCell addition and SCell activation). For example, the NW may send settings to the terminal to add / activate the SCell / SCG (e.g., SCell addition and SCell activation). For example, Figure 7 As shown in the example of , a process for establishing an SCell can be performed.

[0365] and Fig.11 Different from the example of, if the terminal does not obtain reportable measurement results during RRC connection establishment, it can perform Fig.12 of the example operations.

[0366] The following figures are intended to illustrate specific embodiments of the present disclosure. The designation of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields shown in the figures is for illustrative purposes only, and the technical features of this specification are not limited to the specific designations used in the following figures.

[0367] Fig.12 A second example of performing an operation related to measurement according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0368] The NW may send an RRC setup message or an RRC resume message to the UE. The RRC setup message or the RRC resume message may include measurement configuration.

[0369] Based on the measurement configuration, the UE may start measurements. The UE may determine that it has not obtained any reportable results during the RRC connection establishment. For example, except for Fig.11 In the example of (where the UE determines that it has obtained a reportable result), Fig.12 In the process, the UE makes this determination, or decides to report the measurement. For example, after the UE receives the RRC setup message but before it sends the RRC setup complete message, it may determine that it has not obtained a reportable measurement result. In this case, the UE may abort the measurement, that is, the UE may not send a measurement report.

[0370] The UE may send an RRCsetupComplete message to the NW. For example, the RRCsetupComplete message may be msg5.

[0371] The NW may send to the UE UE measurement configuration related to measurements to be performed in connected mode.

[0372] If the target (eg, cell, frequency, etc.) measured in the RRC connection establishment phase matches the target (eg, cell, frequency, etc.) to be measured in the connected mode, the UE may continue the interrupted (or stopped) measurement.

[0373] The UE may report the results of measurements performed in connected mode to the NW on a cyclic or aperiodic basis. For example, if the UE continues interrupted measurements, it may report to the NW the measurement results obtained during the RRC connection establishment phase as well as the measurement results obtained in connected mode.

[0374] The NW may initiate the Scell / SCG. For example, the NW may provide the UE with settings related to the Scell / SCG. For example, based on the measurements reported by the terminal, the NW may perform procedures related to adding / activating the SCell / SCG (e.g., SCell addition and SCell activation). For example, the NW may send a configuration for adding / activating the SCell / SCG to the UE (e.g., SCell addition and SCell activation).

[0375] exist Fig.11 and Fig.12 In the previous example in , the operation of the UE and the operation of the NW are described according to the case where the terminal can report the measurement and the case where the terminal cannot report the measurement. Note that this distinction is only for illustrative purposes, and the operation of the UE and the operation of the NW can also be summarized as follows.

[0376] 1. The NW may provide the terminal with clear measurement information for measurements during the RRC period.

[0377] 2. The terminal can start measuring.

[0378] 3. If the terminal has something to report, it may report the measurement results when it sends RRCsetupcomplete.

[0379] 4. If the device has nothing to report, the device may assume that the results it measured during RRCsetup are for an insufficient number of samples. In this case, the device may enter connected mode and continue measuring for the insufficient samples. The process is described in more detail as follows:

[0380] A) When the terminal enters the connected mode, the terminal may receive measurement information / measurement objects from the NW; and

[0381] B) The cell / frequency included in the measurement information may match the cell / frequency measured during RRC setup. In this case, the terminal may continue to perform measurements only for that cell / frequency.

[0382] 5. NW can initiate Scell / SCG establishment.

[0383] The following figures are intended to illustrate specific embodiments of the present disclosure. The designation of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields shown in the figures is for illustrative purposes only, and the technical features of this specification are not limited to the specific designations used in the following figures.

[0384] Fig.13 An example of operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0385] Notice, Fig.13 The operations of the UE and gNB shown in the example are only illustrative. The operations of the UE and gNB are not limited to Fig.13 Examples. The UE, gNB can perform any operations of the UE (or terminal) operations and / or NW (or base station or gNB) operations previously described in the various examples of this document.

[0386] Before executing step S1301, the UE may send a request message to the gNB. For example, the request message may be an RRC establishment request message or an RRC recovery request message.

[0387] In step S1301, the gNB may send a message to the UE. The message may be a response message to the request message of the UE. The message sent by the gNB may include first measurement information for enhanced measurement. For example, the enhanced measurement may refer to the measurement operation described in various examples of the present disclosure. For example, the enhanced measurement may be a measurement performed when the UE is in an idle state or an inactive state before sending an RRC setup complete message or an RRC recovery complete message.

[0388] In step S1302, the UE may perform measurement. The UE may be in an idle state or an inactive state. The UE may perform measurement based on first measurement information.

[0389] In step S1303, the UE may send a completion message to the base station. The completion message may be, for example, an RRC establishment completion message or an RRC recovery completion message.

[0390] If there is a measurement result to be reported as a result of performing the measurement in step S1302, the UE may include the measurement result in the completion message. If there is no measurement result to be reported, the UE may not include the measurement result in the completion message. After sending the completion message, the UE may enter a connected state.

[0391] Based on the completion message including the results of the above measurements, the gNB can initiate the process for establishing an SCell and / or SCG.

[0392] The gNB may also send second measurement information to the UE, the second measurement information including information about the same target frequency as the target frequency for the first measurement performed. For example, if the completion message does not include the result of the measurement, the UE may receive the second measurement information from the gNB. If the UE interrupts the measurement when performing the measurement in step S1302 (for example, if there is no reportable measurement result), the UE may perform the measurement based on the second measurement information within the remaining part of the measurement period of the measurement. The UE may send the measurement result based on the first measurement and the measurement result based on the second measurement to the gNB.

[0393] For example, the NW (e.g., gNB) may provide explicit measurement information to the UE for enhanced measurement. If the NW wishes to perform enhanced measurement, the NW may trigger the enhanced measurement. For example, the measurement may start when the UE sends msg1 to the NW. Msg1 may be a message that the UE sends to the network to initiate random access. After sending msg1, the UE may start additional measurements. If the UE has measurement results to report, the UE may report the measurement results to the NW. For example, the UE may send msg5 including the measurement results to the NW. The NW may then initiate SCell establishment and / or SCG establishment.

[0394] If the UE does not report measurement results, the NW may expect the UE to continue performing measurements for the remainder of the measurement period. This may be the case if the UE has not yet included the measurement results in msg5. Instead, the UE may send a msg5 message including the measurement results to the NW. Note that Msg1 may refer to a preamble transmission from the UE to the NW. Msg2 may be a random access response sent by the NW to the UE. Msg3 may be a scheduled transmission from the UE to the NW. Msg4 may be a contention resolution sent by the NW to the UE. The NW may set a target frequency in the measurement information that is the same as the target frequency for measurements performed when the UE is idle or inactive. For example, the NW may set the target frequency in the measurement object (MO) for the RRC connection state. After the UE reports improved measurement results, the NW may initiate SCell establishment and / or SCG establishment.

[0395] The UE may also send capability information to the gNB that the UE does not support early measurement report (EMR) measurement. If the gNB receives the capability information, the gNB may send first measurement information to the UE.

[0396] In various examples of the present disclosure, examples of measurement configurations may be described. Examples of measurement intervals and measurement samples may be described. Examples of measurement report time points and operations for performing measurement reporting may be described.

[0397] The present disclosure can have various effects.

[0398] For example, fast DC establishment and / or CA establishment may be supported. For example, fast establishment of Scell ​​on NR may be supported. For example, fast DC / CA establishment may be performed for devices that do not support EMR.

[0399] The effects that can be obtained from the specific examples of the present disclosure are not limited to the effects listed above. For example, there may be various technical effects that a person of ordinary skill in the relevant field can understand or infer from the present disclosure. Therefore, the specific effects of the present disclosure are not limited to those effects explicitly described herein, but may include various effects that can be understood or inferred from the technical features of the present disclosure.

[0400] For reference, the operation of the terminal (eg, UE) described in this specification may be performed by Figures 1 to 4 For example, a terminal (eg, UE) may be Figure 2 The first device 100 or the second device 200 of the present disclosure. For example, the operation of the terminal (e.g., UE) of the present disclosure may be processed by one or more processors 102 or 202. The operation of the terminal of the present disclosure may be stored in one or more memories 104 or 204 in the form of instructions / programs (e.g., instructions, executable codes) that can be executed by one or more processors 102 or 202. The one or more processors 102 or 202 control the one or more memories 104 or 204 and the one or more transceivers 105 or 206, and may perform the operation of the terminal of the present disclosure by executing the instructions / programs stored in the one or more memories 104 or 204.

[0401] In addition, instructions for executing the operation of the terminal described in the disclosure of this specification may be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium in which it is recorded. The storage medium may be included in one or more memories 104 or 204. In addition, the instructions recorded in the storage medium may be executed by one or more processors 102 or 202 to execute the operation of the terminal (e.g., UE) described in the disclosure of this specification.

[0402] For reference, the operation of the network node or base station (eg, NG-RAN, gNB, NW, PCell, SCell, etc.) of the present disclosure may be described below. Figures 1 to 3 For example, a network node or base station may be Figure 2 The first device 100 or Figure 2 The second device 200 of the present disclosure. For example, the operation of the network node or base station of the present disclosure may be processed by one or more processors 102 or 202. The operation of the terminal of the present disclosure may be stored in one or more memories 104 or 204 in the form of instructions / programs (e.g., instructions, executable codes) that can be executed by one or more processors 102 or 202. The one or more processors 102 or 202 may perform the operation of the network node or base station of the present disclosure by controlling one or more memories 104 or 204 and one or more transceivers 106 or 206 and executing the instructions / programs stored in the one or more memories 104 or 204.

[0403] In addition, instructions for executing the operations of the network node or base station described in the disclosure of this specification may be stored in a non-volatile (or non-transitory) computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium may be included in one or more memories 104 or 204. In addition, the instructions recorded in the storage medium are executed by one or more processors 102 or 202, thereby executing the operations of the network node or base station.

[0404] Hereinabove, the preferred embodiments have been exemplarily described, but the disclosure of the present specification is not limited to such specific embodiments, and thus modifications, changes, or improvements may be made.

[0405] In the above exemplary system, the method is described as a series of steps or blocks based on the flowchart, but is not limited to the order of the steps described, and some steps may occur in a different order or simultaneously with other steps described above. In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that the steps shown in the flowchart are not exclusive, and other steps may be included, or one or more steps of the flowchart may be deleted without affecting the scope of the rights.

[0406] The claims of this disclosure may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. In addition, the technical features of the method claims of this specification and the technical features of the device claims may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims of this specification and the technical features of the device claims may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. A method for performing communication, the method being performed by a user equipment UE and The following steps are involved: Send a request message to the base station, The request message is a radio resource control (RRC) establishment request message or an RRC recovery request message; receiving a response message to the request message from the base station, The response message is an RRC setup message or an RRC recovery message, and The response message includes first measurement information for enhanced measurement; Based on the UE being in an idle state or an inactive state and receiving the first measurement information, performing a first measurement; and sending a completion message to the base station, The completion message is an RRC setup completion message or an RRC recovery completion message, and The completion message includes or does not include measurement results based on whether there is a measurement report to be reported before the completion message is sent.

2. The method according to claim 1, Based on the completion message including the measurement result, the base station initiates establishment of a secondary cell SCell and / or a secondary cell group SCG.

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The following steps are involved: Second measurement information is received, the second measurement information including information related to a target frequency that is the same as the target frequency for the first measurement.

4. The method according to claim 3, in, Based on the completion message not including the measurement result, the second measurement information is received.

5. The method according to claim 3, further comprising: The following steps are involved: During a remaining measurement period of the measurement period included in the first measurement information, a second measurement is performed based on the second measurement information.

6. The method according to claim 5, further comprising: The following steps are involved: Sending a measurement result based on the first measurement and a measurement result based on the second measurement to the base station.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The following steps are involved: Sending capability information related to the UE not supporting early measurement report (EMR) measurement to the base station.

8. The method according to claim 7, in, Based on sending the capability information, the first measurement information is received.

9. A user equipment UE configured to operate in a wireless communication system, the UE include: one or more transceivers; one or more processors; as well as one or more memories operatively connected to the one or more processors and storing instructions, Wherein, based on the instruction being executed by the one or more processors, an operation is performed, and the operation includes: Send a request message to the base station, The request message is a radio resource control (RRC) establishment request message or an RRC recovery request message; receiving a response message to the request message from the base station, The response message is an RRC setup message or an RRC recovery message, and The response message includes first measurement information for enhanced measurement; Based on the UE being in an idle state or an inactive state and receiving the first measurement information, performing a first measurement; and sending a completion message to the base station, The completion message is an RRC setup completion message or an RRC recovery completion message, and The completion message includes or does not include measurement results based on whether there is a measurement report to be reported before the completion message is sent.

10. A device in mobile communication, the device include: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, Wherein, the at least one processor executes an operation based on the instruction, and the operation includes: Send a request message to the base station, The request message is a radio resource control (RRC) establishment request message or an RRC recovery request message; receiving a response message to the request message from the base station, The response message is an RRC setup message or an RRC recovery message, and The response message includes first measurement information for enhanced measurement; Based on the device being in an idle state or an inactive state and receiving the first measurement information, performing a first measurement; and sending a completion message to the base station, The completion message is an RRC setup completion message or an RRC recovery completion message, and The completion message includes or does not include measurement results based on whether there is a measurement report to be reported before the completion message is sent.

11. A non-transitory computer readable medium (CRM) storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by at least one processor to perform an operation, wherein the operation include: Send a request message to the base station, The request message is a radio resource control (RRC) establishment request message or an RRC recovery request message; receiving a response message to the request message from the base station, The response message is an RRC setup message or an RRC recovery message, and The response message includes first measurement information for enhanced measurement; Based on the user equipment UE being in an idle state or an inactive state and receiving the first measurement information, performing a first measurement; and sending a completion message to the base station, The completion message is an RRC setup completion message or an RRC recovery completion message, and The completion message includes or does not include measurement results based on whether there is a measurement report to be reported before the completion message is sent.

12. A method for performing communication, the method being performed by a base station and The following steps are involved: receiving a request message from a user equipment UE, The request message is a radio resource control (RRC) establishment request message or an RRC recovery request message; sending a response message to the UE in response to the request message, The response message is an RRC establishment message or an RRC recovery message, The response message includes first measurement information for enhanced measurement, and Wherein, based on the user equipment UE being in an idle state or an inactive state, the UE uses the first measurement information to perform a first measurement; and receiving a completion message from the UE, The completion message is an RRC setup completion message or an RRC recovery completion message, and The completion message includes or does not include measurement results based on whether there is a measurement report to be reported before the completion message is sent.

13. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: The following steps are involved: Based on the completion message including the measurement result, establishment of a secondary cell SCell and / or establishment of a secondary cell group SCG is initiated.

14. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: The following steps are involved: Second measurement information is sent to the UE, where the second measurement information includes information related to a target frequency that is the same as the target frequency for the first measurement.

15. The method according to claim 14, in, Based on the completion message not including the measurement result, the second measurement information is sent.

16. A base station configured to operate in a wireless communication system, the base station include: one or more transceivers; one or more processors; as well as one or more memories operatively connected to the one or more processors and storing instructions, Wherein, based on the instruction being executed by the one or more processors, an operation is performed, and the operation includes: receiving a request message from a user equipment UE, The request message is a radio resource control (RRC) establishment request message or an RRC recovery request message; sending a response message to the UE in response to the request message, The response message is an RRC establishment message or an RRC recovery message, The response message includes first measurement information for enhanced measurement, and Wherein, based on the user equipment UE being in an idle state or an inactive state, the UE uses the first measurement information to perform a first measurement; and receiving a completion message from the UE, The completion message is an RRC setup completion message or an RRC recovery completion message, and The completion message includes or does not include measurement results based on whether there is a measurement report to be reported before the completion message is sent.

Images