Edible sunflower harvesting header device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and provides an edible sunflower harvesting header device. Comprising a rack, and the rack is provided with an auger conveying mechanism, a seedling pulling mechanism, a driving plate mechanism and a stalk crushing mechanism; wherein the seedling pulling mechanism is provided with a cutting mechanism and a plurality of seedling pulling units, and each seedling pulling unit is composed of two seedling pulling elements which are arranged in a front-back staggered mode; a plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth are arranged on the first end face of each seedling pulling element, and a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate which are symmetrically arranged are arranged on the second end face of each seedling pulling element. The seedling pulling device has the advantages that two adjacent arc-shaped clamping teeth on the seedling pulling element make contact with stalks to form two-point clamping, a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate make contact with the stalks to form two-point clamping, and therefore each seedling pulling unit and the stalks form four-point contact clamping, the clamping stability is improved, and the seedling pulling device is convenient to use. And the spring, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are rotatably arranged, so that the seedling pulling unit can adapt to stalks with different diameters, and the impact of the seedling pulling unit on the stalks is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a sunflower harvesting header device. Background Art

[0002] Sunflowers are important economic crops and main oil crops in China. The sunflower planting area in China ranks sixth in the world, about 1 million hectares. Sunflowers can be divided into edible sunflowers, oil sunflowers and ornamental sunflowers according to their uses and biological characteristics. The oil content of edible sunflowers is relatively low. Part of it is used for oil extraction, and more is used for snacks, that is, the common melon seeds we see. Affected by the regional climate characteristics, in order to reduce the grain moisture content to the safe storage standard (<12%) and improve the commodity quality, the harvesting of Xinjiang edible sunflowers adopts a segmented operation: when the edible sunflowers are approaching maturity, the sunflower disks are cut manually and inserted on their stalks for drying (the method of inserting disks for drying). After 5 - 7 days of natural air drying, it is used to improve the appearance and selling price of sunflower seeds in the market, and then manually collected and put into a threshing machine for threshing. This process has three major technical bottlenecks: ① Manual operations in multiple links result in the harvesting cost accounting for up to 23.3%; ② The manual field operation efficiency is only 0.3 - 0.5 hectares per day; ③ The secondary handling process causes mechanical damage to the grains. Some areas adopt the direct drying method, that is, the sunflower disks are not cut down, and the harvest is carried out directly in the field after the moisture content drops to a certain level. Whether it is the method of inserting disks for drying or the direct harvesting method, due to the decrease in the moisture content of the grains, the connection force between the grains and the sunflower disks decreases, and under the external impact, the grains are easy to splash. Therefore, the lower the impact force during harvesting, the better.

[0003] Domestic research institutions and related enterprises have developed some edible sunflower combine harvesters, but they have not been widely promoted. The main problems are as follows: 1) To adapt to the plant heights of different agronomic edible sunflowers, the diameter of the reel is relatively large and rigid materials are used. Combined with the circumferential linear velocity of 2 - 4 m / s, due to the lack of buffer energy absorption characteristics of the contact part materials, the dynamic impact load exceeds the bearing threshold of the sunflower disk. Due to the failure of flexible contact, the grain splash loss rate is as high as 6% - 7%. In addition, after the sunflower disk is cut, it rotates in the air under the circumferential linear velocity of the reel and contacts and collides with the reel mechanism multiple times, resulting in the breakage and dropping loss of the sunflower disk; 2) For the dried sunflower disk, due to the decrease in the connection force between the grains and the sunflower disk and adjacent grains and the strong resilience of the grains, the linear velocity parameter does not match the biomechanical characteristics of the sunflower disk. When operating in contact with the sunflower disk, insufficient vibration impact control causes the structure of the sunflower disk to break, resulting in conveying loss; 3) When reeling the edible sunflower, the sunflower disk and the stalk are connected together. When the sunflower disk is reeled in, the stalk may also be reeled into the screw conveyor mechanism, increasing the stalk impurities in the sunflower disk and increasing the cleaning burden.

[0004] The above problems have caused significant harvesting losses and have become the key bottleneck restricting the mechanization upgrade of the Xinjiang edible sunflower industry.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sunflower harvesting header device to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a sunflower harvesting header device, including: a frame, on which a screw conveyor mechanism, a reel mechanism, a dial mechanism and a stalk crushing mechanism are arranged; wherein,

[0008] A cutting mechanism and a plurality of reel units are arranged on the reel mechanism, and each reel unit is composed of two reel elements arranged staggeredly front and back;

[0009] A plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth are arranged on the first end surface of each reel element, and a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate are symmetrically arranged on the second end surface of each reel element;

[0010] The first clamping plate and the second clamping plate rotate towards the inner side of the middle of the second end surface after being stressed, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are elastically supported.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, for the two reel elements in each reel unit, the plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth on one reel element are arranged towards the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate on the other reel element.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, a groove is arranged inwardly on the second end surface of the reel element, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are respectively hinged on two side walls of the groove, and an elastic support member is arranged in the groove.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, a support plate is arranged on the top of the elastic support member, and the top surface of the support plate is slidably connected to the non-hinged ends of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate after being stressed.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the elastic support member is located in the middle of the groove, and the elastic support member is a spring.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth are evenly distributed on the first end surface, and the plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth are of the same size; a plurality of convex teeth are evenly distributed on the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate respectively, and the plurality of convex teeth are of the same size.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, each reel element is arranged on a transmission chain, and the two reel elements in each reel unit are respectively arranged on two adjacent transmission chains.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the dial mechanism is disposed above the tail of the reel mechanism, the stalk crushing mechanism is disposed below the tail of the reel mechanism, and the auger conveying mechanism is disposed behind the dial mechanism.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the stalk crushing mechanism includes a first crushing assembly and a second crushing assembly, and the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly rotate towards each other.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the cutting mechanism includes a first cutting disc and a second cutting disc which are arranged in an upper and lower staggered manner, and continuous arc-shaped cutting teeth are uniformly arranged on the circumferences of the first cutting disc and the second cutting disc respectively.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) In the present invention, two adjacent arc-shaped clamping teeth on the reel element respectively contact the stalk to form two-point clamping, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate respectively contact the stalk to form two-point clamping. In this way, each reel unit forms four-point contact clamping with the stalk, improving the clamping stability. Moreover, the rotatable settings of the spring, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate not only enable the reel unit to adapt to stalks of different diameters, but also reduce the impact of the reel unit on the stalk.

[0022] (2) In the present invention, two adjacent arc-shaped cutting teeth on each cutting disc respectively contact the stalk, and two points on each cutting disc (the cutting disc (linear cutting edge) in the prior art contacts the stalk at a single point) contact the stalk for cutting. The two cutting discs are arranged in an upper and lower staggered manner, increasing the number of contact points between the cutting disc and the stalk (four-point contact cutting), reducing the impact of the cutting disc on the stalk, and improving the cutting efficiency.

[0023] (3) In the present invention, the first crushing assembly and the second crushing assembly in the stalk crushing mechanism rotate towards each other, so that the stalks entering the stalk crushing mechanism are crushed and conveyed downward at the same time, enabling the sunflower disk to be quickly separated from the stalks, ensuring that the sunflower disk efficiently enters the auger conveying mechanism through the dial mechanism, and at the same time reducing the stalk impurities entering the auger conveying mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sunflower harvesting cutter bar device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 The bottom view of the sunflower harvesting header device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the auger conveying mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the reel mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 is Figure 4 The partial enlarged structural schematic diagram at position A in

[0030] Figure 6 The structural schematic diagram of the reel element provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 The structural schematic diagram of the stalk crushing mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are:

[0034] 1 - frame, 11 - discharge port; 2 - auger conveying mechanism, 21 - first spiral mechanism, 22 - second spiral mechanism; 3 - reel mechanism, 31 - divider, 32 - upper cover plate, 33 - lower cover plate, 34 - reel unit, 341 - reel element, 3411 - first end face, 3412 - second end face, 3413 - arc-shaped clamping teeth, 3414 - groove, 3415 - first clamping plate, 3416 - second clamping plate, 3417 - spring, 3418 - convex teeth, 3419 - support plate, 35 - first sprocket, 36 - second sprocket, 37 - first tensioning wheel, 38 - second tensioning wheel, 39 - drive chain; 4 - dial mechanism, 5 - cutting mechanism, 51 - first cutting disc, 52 - second cutting disc, 511 - arc-shaped cutting teeth; 6 - stalk crushing mechanism, 61 - first crushing component, 62 - second crushing component. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "arranged on" another component, it can be directly or indirectly located on that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to that other component. The orientations or positions indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positions shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and should not be construed as limiting the technical solution of the present invention. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for convenience of description and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of technical features. The meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, and the meaning of "several" is any quantity including one, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0037] Please refer to the attached Figure 1-8 , the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a sunflower harvesting header device, including: a frame 1, on which a screw conveyor mechanism 2, a reel mechanism 3, a dial mechanism 4 and a stalk crushing mechanism 6 are arranged.

[0038] Specifically, a cutting mechanism 5 and a plurality of reel units 34 are arranged on the reel mechanism 3, and each reel unit 34 is composed of two reel elements 341 arranged staggeredly front and back; each reel element 341 is arranged on a transmission chain 39, and the two reel elements 341 in each reel unit 34 are respectively arranged on adjacent two transmission chains 39.

[0039] It should be noted that the reel mechanism 3 includes a plurality of transmission chains 39. Taking one transmission chain 39 as an example, the transmission chain 39 is installed between a group of upper cover plates 32 and lower cover plates 33, and a divider 31 is arranged in front of the upper cover plates 32 and the lower cover plates 33. A first sprocket 35 and a second sprocket 36 are respectively arranged at both ends of the lower cover plate 33, and the transmission chain 39 is sleeved on the first sprocket 35 and the second sprocket 36. A first tensioning wheel 37 and a second tensioning wheel 38 are also arranged on the lower cover plate 33, and the first tensioning wheel 37 and the second tensioning wheel 38 are used to adjust the tension degree of the transmission chain 39. A plurality of reel elements 341 are evenly arranged at equal intervals on the outside of the transmission chain 39, and the plurality of reel elements 341 move along with the operation of the transmission chain 39.

[0040] In this embodiment, a first cutting disc 51 is connected below the transmission shaft of the first sprocket 35, and a second cutting disc 52 is connected below the transmission shaft of the first sprocket 35 in another transmission chain 39 used in cooperation therewith. The aforementioned first cutting disc 51 and second cutting disc 52 are arranged vertically and staggeredly. Continuous arc-shaped cutting teeth 511 are uniformly arranged on the circumferences of the first cutting disc 51 and the second cutting disc 52. During cutting, two adjacent arc-shaped cutting teeth 511 on each cutting disc are respectively in contact with the stalks. Two points on each cutting disc (the cutting disc (linear cutting edge) in the prior art is in single-point contact with the stalks) are in cutting contact with the stalks. The first cutting disc 51 and the second cutting disc 52 are arranged vertically and staggeredly, increasing the number of contact points between the cutting disc and the stalks (four-point contact cutting), reducing the impact of the cutting disc on the stalks, and improving the cutting efficiency. The first cutting disc 51 and the second cutting disc 52 are respectively provided with a driving device for driving the rotation of the transmission shaft of the first sprocket 35, synchronously driving the cutting disc and the corresponding transmission chain 39.

[0041] Furthermore, a plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 are arranged on the first end face 3411 of each pulling element 341, and a first clamping plate 3415 and a second clamping plate 3416 are symmetrically arranged on the second end face 3412 of each pulling element 341; the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 rotate towards the inner side of the middle of the second end face 3412 when stressed, and the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 are elastically supported. For the two pulling elements 341 in each pulling unit 34, the plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 on one pulling element 341 are arranged towards the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 on the other pulling element 341.

[0042] In this embodiment, a groove 3414 is arranged inwardly on the second end face 3412 of the pulling element 341. The first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 are respectively hinged on two side walls of the groove 3414, and an elastic support member is arranged in the groove 3414. A support plate 3419 is arranged at the top of the elastic support member, and the top surface of the support plate 3419 is slidably connected to the non-hinged ends of the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 after being stressed. Preferably, the elastic support member is located in the middle of the groove 3414, and the elastic support member is a spring 3417. The plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 are evenly distributed on the first end face 3411, and the plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 are of the same size; a plurality of convex teeth 3418 are evenly distributed on the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 respectively, and the plurality of convex teeth 3418 are of the same size.

[0043] It is worth mentioning that a plurality of pulling elements 341 evenly arranged at equal intervals outside another transmission chain 39 used in conjunction with the first transmission chain 39 cooperate with the plurality of pulling elements 341 evenly arranged at equal intervals outside the first transmission chain 39. That is, the plurality of pulling elements 341 on the first transmission chain 39 and the plurality of pulling elements 341 on the other transmission chain 39 are arranged in a staggered manner before and after. One pulling element 341 on the first transmission chain 39 is inserted between two adjacent pulling elements 341 on the other transmission chain 39. That is, the plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 on one pulling element 341 face the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 on the other pulling element 341. Through the above structural settings, two adjacent arc-shaped clamping teeth 3413 on the pulling element 341 respectively contact the stem to form two-point clamping, and the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 respectively contact and clamp the stem to form two-point clamping. In this way, each threshing unit 34 forms four-point contact clamping with the stem, improving the clamping stability. Moreover, the elastic member and the rotatable settings of the first clamping plate 3415 and the second clamping plate 3416 not only enable the threshing unit 34 to adapt to stems of different diameters, but also reduce the impact of the threshing unit 34 on the stem.

[0044] In addition, the dialing mechanism 4 is arranged above the tail of the threshing mechanism 3, the stem crushing mechanism 6 is arranged below the tail of the threshing mechanism 3, and the auger conveying mechanism 2 is arranged behind the dialing mechanism 4. The stem crushing mechanism 6 includes a first crushing component 61 and a second crushing component 62, and the first crushing component 61 and the second crushing component 62 rotate towards each other.

[0045] It should be noted that the stem crushing mechanism 6 is located directly below the dialing mechanism 4, keeping the stem (still carrying the sunflower disk) cut by the cutting mechanism 5 in a substantially vertical state when entering the stem crushing mechanism 6. The first crushing component 61 and the second crushing component 62 rotate towards each other, so that the stem entering the stem crushing mechanism 6 is crushed and conveyed downward at the same time, enabling the sunflower disk to be quickly separated from the stem, ensuring that the sunflower disk efficiently enters the auger conveying mechanism 2 through the dialing mechanism 4, and at the same time reducing the stem impurities entering the auger conveying mechanism 2 (in the prior art, the stem crushing mechanism 6 is not provided, and the probability of the stem entering the auger conveying mechanism along with the sunflower disk is high). The first spiral mechanism 21 and the second spiral mechanism 22 in the auger conveying mechanism 2 convey the sunflower disk towards the discharge port to complete the operation.

[0046] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sunflower harvesting header device, characterized in that: include: A frame (1), wherein the frame (1) is provided with an auger conveying mechanism (2), a weeding mechanism (3), a dial mechanism (4) and a stalk crushing mechanism (6); wherein: The weeding mechanism (3) is provided with a cutting mechanism (5) and a plurality of weeding units (34), each of the weeding units (34) being composed of two weeding elements (341) arranged alternately in front and behind. A plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth (3413) are arranged on the first end surface (3411) of each of the pulling elements (341), and a symmetrically arranged first clamping plate (3415) and a second clamping plate (3416) are arranged on the second end surface (3412) of each of the pulling elements (341); The first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416) rotate toward the inner side of the middle part of the second end surface (3412) after being subjected to force, and the first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416) are elastically supported.

2. The sunflower harvesting header device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In each of the two pulling out elements (341) in the pulling out unit (34), the plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth (3413) on one of the pulling out elements (341) are arranged toward the first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416) on the other of the pulling out elements (341).

3. The sunflower harvesting header device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second end surface (3412) of the pulling element (341) is provided with a groove (3414) inwardly, the first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416) are respectively hinged on the two side walls of the groove (3414), and an elastic support member is provided in the groove (3414).

4. The sunflower harvesting header device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A support plate (3419) is provided on the top of the elastic support member, and the top surface of the support plate (3419) is slidably connected to the non-hinged ends of the first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416) after being subjected to force.

5. The sunflower harvesting header device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic support member is located in the middle of the groove (3414), and the elastic support member is a spring (3417).

6. The sunflower harvesting header device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth (3413) are evenly distributed on the first end surface (3411), and the plurality of arc-shaped clamping teeth (3413) are of the same size; a plurality of convex teeth (3418) are evenly distributed on the first clamping plate (3415) and the second clamping plate (3416), and the plurality of convex teeth (3418) are of the same size.

7. The sunflower harvesting header device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the pulling elements (341) is arranged on a transmission chain (39), and the two pulling elements (341) in each of the pulling units (34) are respectively arranged on two adjacent transmission chains (39).

8. The sunflower harvesting header device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dial mechanism (4) is arranged above the tail of the tiller mechanism (3), the stalk crushing mechanism (6) is arranged below the tail of the tiller mechanism (3), and the auger conveying mechanism (2) is arranged at the rear of the dial mechanism (4).

9. The sunflower harvesting header device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stalk crushing mechanism (6) comprises a first crushing component (61) and a second crushing component (62), and the first crushing component (61) and the second crushing component (62) rotate towards each other.

10. The sunflower harvesting header device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism (5) comprises a first cutting disc (51) and a second cutting disc (52) which are arranged alternately up and down, and continuous arc-shaped cutting teeth (511) are evenly arranged on the circumference of the first cutting disc (51) and the second cutting disc (52).

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