Perforating and film covering machine for sugarcane

Abstract

The invention discloses a sugarcane punching and film covering machine which comprises a rack, the rack is provided with a moving mechanism used for moving on sugarcane ridges, the moving mechanism is provided with an encoder, and the encoder is used for detecting the advancing distance and sending the advancing distance to a control module; the film rolling roller is rotationally connected with the rack, and the film rolling roller is used for unwinding the degradable black film; the punching mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the rack or on one side of the film rolling roller, and the punching mechanism is controlled by the control module to punch the degradable black film; the film pressing mechanism can press the edges of the two sides of the unwound degradable black film downwards; the tensioning mechanism can be used for lifting the middle part of the unwound degradable black film; and the control module is connected with the moving mechanism of the rack, the encoder and the punching mechanism. According to the sugarcane punching and film covering machine, degradable black films can be punched according to the planting distance while film covering is conducted, the automation degree is high, and the sugarcane punching and film covering machine belongs to the technical field of sugarcane planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane planting, and particularly relates to a sugarcane punching and film covering machine. Background Art

[0002] Sugarcane is a sugar crop. Sugarcane is suitable for planting in areas with fertile soil, sufficient sunlight, large temperature differences between winter and summer, abundant precipitation, relatively high annual temperatures, plains or flat terrains, and sufficient solar radiation. Sugarcane is a tropical and subtropical crop, characterized by a preference for high temperatures, large water requirements, high fertilizer absorption, and a long growth period. It has particularly high requirements for heat. If the minimum temperature in winter is lower than 0°C, it may be damaged by frost. In southern China, the river valleys and deltas in the mid-subtropical, south-subtropical, and tropical regions with good hydrothermal conditions are suitable areas for sugarcane planting. Therefore, sugarcane planting requires covering the sugarcane with a film to ensure the moisture, heat of the sugarcane, and inhibit the growth of weeds.

[0003] However, after covering the film in the sugarcane planting area, it is necessary to punch holes in the film. Punching holes in the degradable black film is an important technical measure in the sugarcane planting process. It not only helps the sugarcane seedlings emerge smoothly, but also improves the field management efficiency, reduces the risks of high temperature and pests and diseases, and ultimately increases the yield and economic benefits of sugarcane.

[0004] The existing film covering and punching machine includes a mobile frame. The frame is provided with a film winding roller. The rear side of the frame is also provided with a degradable black film punching mechanism. An armrest is also fixed on the frame and obliquely arranged above the frame, and the armrest is also arranged behind the film pressing wheel. The degradable black film punching mechanism includes a punching drill bit, a punching handle, a scale plate, a scale plate positioning plate, and a support rod. The above-mentioned film covering and punching machine performs film covering and punching operations on the tobacco ridge by pushing by hand, with low efficiency and being not conducive to large-scale planting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a sugarcane punching and film covering machine, which can punch holes in the degradable black film according to the planting distance while covering the film, with a high degree of automation.

[0006] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0007] A sugarcane punching and film covering machine, comprising:

[0008] A frame, the frame having a moving mechanism for moving on the sugarcane ridge. The moving mechanism is provided with an encoder, which detects the traveling distance and sends the traveling distance to the control module;

[0009] A film winding roller, the film winding roller is rotatably connected to the frame, and the film winding roller is used for unwinding the degradable black film;

[0010] The punching mechanism is arranged at the end of the frame or on one side of the film winding roller, and the punching mechanism punches the degradable black film under the control of the control module;

[0011] The film pressing mechanism can press down the two side edges of the unwound degradable black film;

[0012] The tensioning mechanism can lift the middle part of the unwound degradable black film;

[0013] The control module is connected to the moving mechanism, encoder and punching mechanism of the frame.

[0014] Preferably, the punching mechanism includes a punching needle and a punching driving unit. The punching driving unit is fixed on the frame. The punching needle and the movable end of the punching driving unit are fixedly connected. The punching driving unit is connected to the control module.

[0015] Preferably, the punching needle includes a punch head, a connecting rod and a punching cylinder. One end of the punch head is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod. One end of the punching cylinder is a closed structure, and the other end of the punching cylinder is an opening. One end of the connecting rod is inserted into the punching cylinder from the opening. The outer diameter of the connecting rod is larger than the outer diameter of the punch head. A stepped structure is formed at the connection between the connecting rod and the punch head. An activity groove is provided on the side wall of the punching cylinder. The activity groove is located on the side wall at the opening. An activity hole penetrating the side wall of the punching cylinder is provided in the activity groove. A sliding rod is slidably connected to the activity hole. The two ends of the sliding rod are respectively connected with a limiting block and a clamping block. The limiting block is located outside the punching cylinder, and the clamping block is located inside the punching cylinder. The clamping block can cooperate with the stepped structure to fix the connecting rod. The clamping block can be received in the activity groove along with the movement of the sliding rod. A first spring is provided between the limiting block and the punching cylinder. When the clamping block is received in the activity groove, the punch head can be separated from the punching cylinder. When the clamping block abuts against the stepped structure, the clamping block fixes the connecting rod in the punching cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the contact surface between the clamping block and the stepped structure is a plane or a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface inclines from the outer lower direction to the inner upper direction; the surface of the clamping block corresponding to the punch head is a second inclined surface, and the second inclined surface inclines from the outer lower direction to the inner upper direction.

[0017] Preferably, the film pressing mechanism includes a first film pressing wheel, a second film pressing wheel, a first wheel support leg, a second wheel support leg, a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a second spring and a third spring. The first sleeve and the second sleeve are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame. The first sleeve and the second sleeve are both adjustably connected to the frame. The first wheel support leg and the second wheel support leg are respectively inserted into the first sleeve and the second sleeve. The second spring and the third spring are respectively sleeved outside the first wheel support leg and the second wheel support leg. The second spring is respectively fixedly connected to the first wheel support leg and the first sleeve. The second spring is respectively fixedly connected to the second wheel support leg and the second sleeve; the first film pressing wheel and the second film pressing wheel are respectively rotatably connected to the first wheel support leg and the second wheel support leg; the first film pressing wheel and the second film pressing wheel are respectively in contact with the two side edges of the unwound degradable black film.

[0018] Preferably, two adjustment slots are provided on the frame. Adjustment shafts are provided in both adjustment slots. External threads are provided on the adjustment shafts. The adjustment shafts are connected with bushings through the external threads. The first sleeve and the second sleeve are respectively rotationally connected with the two bushings. Two nuts are threadedly connected to the adjustment shafts. The two threads are respectively located on both sides of the bushing. The outer diameter of each nut is larger than the outer diameter of the bushing.

[0019] Preferably, the tensioning mechanism includes a tensioning belt, a unwind roller and a guide roller. The unwind roller is rotationally connected with the frame. The tensioning belt is wound around the unwind roller. One end of the tensioning belt is fixedly connected with the middle part of the degradable black film. The tensioning belt is wound around and connected with the guide roller. The guide roller is rotationally connected with the frame. The part of the tensioning belt wound out from the guide roller contacts the middle part of the degradable black film.

[0020] Preferably, the end of the punch is coated with a diamond-like carbon coating; a pressure sensor is installed at the end of the punch. The pressure sensor is connected with the control module.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes a pressing mechanism. The pressing mechanism includes a pressing roller, a pressing shaft and swinging support feet. The number of the swinging support feet is two. The two swinging support feet are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame. One ends of the two swinging support feet are rotationally connected with the frame evenly. The other ends of the two swinging support feet are both rotationally connected with the pressing shaft. The pressing roller is sleeved outside the pressing shaft. The pressing roller is rotationally connected with the pressing shaft.

[0022] Preferably, it further includes a soil covering mechanism. The soil covering mechanism includes profiling support feet and soil covering wheels. The number of the profiling support feet and the soil covering wheels is two. One ends of the two profiling support feet are both hinged with the frame. The other ends of the two profiling support feet are respectively rotationally connected with the two soil covering wheels. The two profiling support feet are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame. The two soil covering wheels are both located behind the advancing direction of the frame.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The sugarcane punching and film covering machine of the present invention is used to efficiently complete the covering of degradable black film and precise punching operation on sugarcane ridges, so as to improve the planting efficiency, reduce the labor cost, and optimize the soil environment for sugarcane growth. Covering the degradable or black degradable black film can inhibit the growth of weeds and maintain the soil humidity and temperature. Open holes on the degradable black film according to the preset row spacing and plant spacing, which is convenient for putting sugarcane seed stems or the growth of seedlings. First, fix one end of the degradable black film and the tension belt at the initial end of the sugarcane ridge. The first film pressing wheel and the second film pressing wheel press both sides of the degradable black film on the ground respectively. Drive the frame to move through the moving mechanism. During the movement of the moving mechanism, the fixed end of the degradable black film pulls the degradable black film to unwind from the film winding drum and cover the sugarcane ridge. The soil covering mechanism covers the soil on both sides of the degradable black film and presses it tightly. The encoder reads the moving stroke. According to the preset sugarcane planting interval, the control module matches the read moving stroke with the sugarcane planting interval, and controls the hydraulic cylinder to dynamically adjust the punching frequency, realizing the automatic process of laying and punching the degradable black film. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for description in the embodiments. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a right view of the sugarcane punching and film covering machine.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the punching needle.

[0028] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 an enlarged view of part A of

[0029] Figure 4 It is a front view of the sugarcane punching and film covering machine.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a left view of the film pressing mechanism.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a right view of the film pressing mechanism.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the punching mechanism.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the film pressing mechanism and the frame.

[0034] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the tensioning mechanism.

[0035] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the rolling and pressing mechanism.

[0036] 1 is a frame, 11 is a wheel set, 12 is an encoder, 2 is a punching mechanism, 21 is a punch, 22 is a punch cylinder, 221 is a movable slot, 23 is a first locking component, 231 is a limiting block, 232 is a first spring, 233 is a sliding rod, 234 is a clamping block, 2341 is a second inclined surface, 24 is a connecting rod, 25 is a stepped structure, 26 is a stamping drive unit, 3 is a tensioning mechanism, 31 is a unwind roller, 32 is a tensioning belt, 33 is a guide wheel, 4 is a degradable black film, 5 is a film pressing mechanism, 51 is a first sleeve, 52 is a first wheel support leg, 53 is a second spring, 54 is a first film pressing wheel, 55 is a second sleeve, 56 is a second wheel support leg, 57 is a third spring, 58 is a second film pressing wheel, 59 is a second locking component, 591 is a nut, 592 is a bushing, 593 is an adjusting shaft, 594 is an adjusting slot, 6 is a soil covering mechanism, 7 is a control module, 8 is a film winding drum, 9 is a rolling mechanism, 91 is a rolling roller, 92 is a second swing rod, 93 is a fourth spring, 94 is a first swing rod, 95 is a rolling shaft. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, and the understanding of "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. does not include the present number, and the understanding of "above", "below", "within", etc. includes the present number. If the terms "first", "second", "third" are described only for the purpose of description and distinguishing technical features, they cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or the sequence of the indicated technical features.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0041] As Figures 1-9 shown, a sugarcane hole-punching and film-covering machine provided in this embodiment includes:

[0042] A frame 1, the frame 1 is provided with a moving mechanism for moving on the sugarcane ridges. The moving mechanism is provided with an encoder 12 to detect the traveling distance and send the traveling distance to the control module 7. The moving mechanism includes four wheel sets 11, and the four wheel sets 11 are respectively located at the four corners of the frame 1 and are connected to the frame 1 through the wheel set 11 supports to drive the frame 1 to move. An encoder 12 is connected to the rotating shaft of one of the wheel sets 11 to monitor the traveling speed in real time. If you want to monitor the traveling speed more accurately, encoders 12 can be installed on all four wheel sets 11.

[0043] A film-rolling drum 8, the film-rolling drum 8 is rotatably connected to the frame 1, and the film-rolling drum 8 is used for unwinding the degradable black film 4;

[0044] A hole-punching mechanism 2, the hole-punching mechanism 2 is arranged at the end of the frame 1 or on one side of the film-rolling drum 8, and the control module 7 controls the hole-punching mechanism 2 to punch the degradable black film 4;

[0045] A film-pressing mechanism 5, the film-pressing mechanism 5 can press down the two side edges of the unwound degradable black film 4;

[0046] A tensioning mechanism 3, the tensioning mechanism 3 can lift the middle part of the unwound degradable black film 4;

[0047] A control module 7, the control module 7 is connected to the moving mechanism, the encoder 12 and the hole-punching mechanism 2 of the frame 1. The control module 7 can be an existing PLC controller. The control module 7 reads the moving stroke through the encoder. According to the preset sugarcane planting interval, the control module matches the read moving stroke with the sugarcane planting interval, and controls the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the action rhythm of the hole-punching mechanism 2, so as to realize adjustable planting distance and flexible adjustable spacing according to different planting densities.

[0048] The sugarcane punching and film covering machine provided in this embodiment is used to efficiently complete the covering of the degradable black film 4 and the precise punching operation on the sugarcane ridges, thereby improving the planting efficiency, reducing the labor cost, and optimizing the soil environment for sugarcane growth. Covering the degradable or black degradable black film 4 can inhibit the growth of weeds and maintain the soil humidity and temperature. Open holes in the degradable black film 4 according to the preset row spacing and plant spacing to facilitate the placement of sugarcane seed stems or the growth of seedlings.

[0049] In some embodiments, a GPS positioning module can also be installed on the frame 1. The walking speed is calculated through the GPS positioning module to compensate for the calculated speed of the encoder 12, so as to ensure the accuracy of punching the degradable black film 4.

[0050] The punching mechanism 2 includes a punching needle and a punching drive unit 26. The punching drive unit 26 is fixed on the frame 1. The punching needle is fixedly connected to the movable end of the punching drive unit 26, and the punching drive unit 26 is connected to the control module 7.

[0051] The punching pin includes a punch head 21, a connecting rod 24 and a punch barrel 22. One end of the punch head 21 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 24. One end of the punch barrel 22 is a closed structure, and the other end of the punch barrel 22 is an opening. One end of the connecting rod 24 is inserted into the punch barrel 22 from the opening. The outer diameter of the connecting rod 24 is larger than the outer diameter of the punch head 21. A stepped structure 25 is formed at the connection between the connecting rod 24 and the punch head 21. A movable groove 221 is provided on the side wall of the punch barrel 22. The movable groove 221 is located on the side wall at the opening. The movable groove 221 is provided with a movable hole penetrating the side wall of the punch barrel 22. A sliding rod 233 is slidably connected to the movable hole. Two ends of the sliding rod 233 are respectively connected with a limiting block 231 and a clamping block 234. The limiting block 231 is located outside the punch barrel 22, and the clamping block 234 is located inside the punch barrel 22. The clamping block 234 can cooperate with the stepped structure 25 to fix the connecting rod 24. The clamping block 234 can be moved and stored in the movable groove 221 along with the sliding rod 233. A first spring 232 is provided between the limiting block 231 and the punch barrel 22. When the clamping block 234 is stored in the movable groove 221, the punch head 21 can be detached from the punch barrel 22. When the clamping block 234 abuts against the stepped structure 25, the clamping block 234 fixes the connecting rod 24 in the punch barrel 22. Specifically, the end of the punch head 21 facing the ground is conical. The punching drive unit 26 can be hydraulic or mechanical drive. In this embodiment, the punching drive unit 26 adopts a hydraulic cylinder drive. The punching pin is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to vertically pierce the degradable black film 4. The hole shape is neat, the edge has no burrs, and the adaptability is strong. The hole spacing can be controlled by adjusting the punching frequency. Specifically, an encoder 12 is used to monitor the vehicle speed in real time, and the punching frequency is dynamically adjusted by the hydraulic cylinder. For example, when the rack 1 travels 10 cm (hole spacing), the controller sends a pulse signal to start the punching pin. The punch head 21 can be made of cemented carbide (such as tungsten steel) to reduce wear. The first locking assembly 23 composed of the limiting block 231, the first spring 232, the sliding rod 233, the clamping block 234 and the movable groove can effectively fix the connecting rod 24 and the punch head in the punch barrel 22. By setting the punching pin with the above structure, different punch heads can be replaced according to different aperture requirements, and tissue culture seedlings or other crops can be planted, with stronger versatility. In some other embodiments, in order to ensure that the punching depth remains consistent, a distance measuring sensor can be installed at the punch barrel 22. The distance measuring sensor detects the distance between the punch barrel 22 and the degradable black film 4, and sends a distance signal to the control module 7. The control module 7 controls the extension length of the hydraulic cylinder. In some other embodiments, it can also be realized by setting a corresponding profiling structure.

[0052] The contact surface between the clamping block 234 and the stepped structure 25 is a plane or a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface is inclined from the outer lower direction to the inner upper direction; the surface of the clamping block 234 corresponding to the punch 21 is a second inclined surface 2341, and the second inclined surface 2341 is inclined from the outer lower direction to the inner upper direction. Through such a design, when the punch 21 needs to be replaced, the limiting block 231 is pulled to move the sliding rod 233, and the clamping block 234 is received in the movable groove 221, then the punch 21 can be taken out. The new punch 21 and the connecting rod 24 are inserted into the punching cylinder 22. First, they contact the second inclined surface 2341. The second inclined surface 2341 receives pressure to move the sliding rod 233 and is received into the movable groove 221 until the connecting rod 24 completely enters the punching cylinder 22. The clamping block 234 no longer receives the pressure of the connecting rod 24 and moves inward under the action of the spring. The clamping block 234 contacts the stepped structure 25, and the punch 21 and the connecting rod 24 are clamped and fixed in the punching cylinder 22. Through the above design, it is convenient to replace the punch 21.

[0053] The film pressing mechanism 5 includes a first film pressing wheel 54, a second film pressing wheel 58, a first wheel support leg 52, a second wheel support leg 56, a first sleeve 51, a second sleeve 55, a second spring 53 and a third spring 57. The first sleeve 51 and the second sleeve 55 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame 1. The first sleeve 51 and the second sleeve 55 are both adjustably connected to the frame 1. The first wheel support leg 52 and the second wheel support leg 56 are respectively inserted into the first sleeve 51 and the second sleeve 55. The second spring 53 and the third spring 57 are respectively sleeved outside the first wheel support leg 52 and the second wheel support leg 56. The second spring 53 is respectively fixedly connected to the first wheel support leg 52 and the first sleeve 51. The second spring 53 is respectively fixedly connected to the second wheel support leg 56 and the second sleeve 55. The first film pressing wheel 54 and the second film pressing wheel 58 are respectively rotatably connected to the first wheel support leg 52 and the second wheel support leg 56. The first film pressing wheel 54 and the second film pressing wheel 58 respectively contact both side edges of the degradable black film 4 that is unrolled.

[0054] Two adjusting grooves 594 are provided on the frame 1. Adjusting shafts 593 are provided in both adjusting grooves 594. The adjusting shafts 593 are provided with external threads. The adjusting shafts 593 are connected with bushings 592 through the external threads. The first sleeve 51 and the second sleeve 55 are respectively rotatably connected to the two bushings 592. Two nuts 591 are threadedly connected to the adjusting shafts 593. The two threads are respectively located on both sides of the bushing 592. The outer diameter of each nut 591 is greater than the outer diameter of the bushing 592. By setting the second locking assembly 59 composed of the adjusting grooves 594, the adjusting shafts 593, the bushings 592 and the nuts 591, the distance between the first film pressing wheel 54 and the second film pressing wheel 58 can be adjusted to be suitable for degradable black films 4 of different specifications.

[0055] The tensioning mechanism 3 includes a tensioning belt 32, an unwinding wheel 31 and a guide wheel 33. The unwinding wheel 31 is rotatably connected to the frame 1. The tensioning belt 32 is wound around the unwinding wheel 31. One end of the tensioning belt 32 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the degradable black film 4. The tensioning belt 32 is wound around the guide wheel 33, and the guide wheel 33 is rotatably connected to the frame 1. The part of the tensioning belt 32 wound out from the guide wheel 33 contacts the middle part of the degradable black film 4. By pressing both sides of the degradable black film 4 with the first film pressing wheel 54 and the second film pressing wheel 58, considering that the middle part of the degradable black film 4 may be affected by the punch 21 and sink into the soil during the punching process, partial support is provided by lifting the tensioning belt 32, which can ensure that the degradable black film 4 fits the ground as much as possible. At the same time, the tensioning belt 32 can also cooperate with the first film pressing wheel 54 and the second film pressing wheel 58 to press the degradable black film 4 to be fully unfolded and laid on the sugarcane ridge.

[0056] In some embodiments, the number of the tensioning mechanisms 3 is two. The two tensioning mechanisms 3 are symmetrically distributed on the frame 1. One ends of the two tensioning belts 32 are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the middle part of the degradable black film 4, further ensuring that the degradable black film 4 is fully unfolded and laid on the sugarcane ridge.

[0057] The end of the punch 21 is coated with a diamond-like carbon coating. By setting like this, the punch 21 is further protected and the service life is extended by 3 - 5 times.

[0058] A pressure sensor is installed at the end of the punch 21. The pressure sensor is connected to the control module 7. By installing the pressure sensor at the end of the punch 21 facing the ground, when a sudden increase in resistance (such as a stone) is detected, the retraction is triggered, effectively protecting the punch 21. At the same time, the presence of a punching obstacle at this location can also be recorded, which is convenient for the staff to know.

[0059] Such as Figure 10As shown in the figure, the sugarcane punching and film covering machine further includes a pressing mechanism 9. The pressing mechanism 9 includes a pressing roller 91, a pressing shaft 95 and swing feet. The number of swing feet is two, and the two swing feet are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame. One ends of the two swing feet are rotatably connected to the frame, and the other ends of the two swing feet are rotatably connected to the pressing shaft 95. The pressing roller 91 is sleeved outside the pressing shaft 95, and the pressing roller 91 is rotatably connected to the pressing shaft 95. By arranging the pressing roller 91 at the front section of the punching and film covering machine to level the ridge soil, the flatness of the film covering is ensured, the film is ensured not to be punctured by large pieces of soil, and effective film covering is guaranteed. It should be noted that the pressing mechanism 9 is located behind the existing ridging equipment; the swing feet include a first swing rod 94, a second swing rod 92 and a fourth spring 93. One end of the first swing rod 94 is fixedly connected to the frame, one end of the second swing rod 92 is inserted into the first swing rod 94, the second swing rod 92 is slidably connected to the first swing rod 94, and the fourth spring 93 is connected to the first swing rod 94 and the second swing rod 92 respectively. The sugarcane punching and film covering machine further includes a soil covering mechanism 6. The soil covering mechanism 6 includes profiling feet and soil covering wheels. The number of profiling feet and soil covering wheels is two. One ends of the two profiling feet are hinged to the frame 1, and the other ends of the two profiling feet are respectively rotatably connected to the two soil covering wheels. The two profiling feet are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame 1, and the two soil covering wheels are both located behind the advancing direction of the frame 1. By connecting the soil covering wheels with the profiling feet, the soil covering wheels can move up and down with the change of the terrain, ensuring that the soil is turned to both sides of the degradable black film 4 and compacting both sides of the degradable black film 4 to effectively prevent it from being blown away by the wind. By arranging the soil covering mechanism 6, when carrying out the sugarcane film covering operation, since the first film pressing wheel 54 and the second film pressing wheel 58 press the two side edges of the degradable black film 4 on the ground, the two soil covering wheels continuously cover the laid film with soil to complete the film covering.

[0060] It should be noted that the soil covering wheels are located at the rearmost of the advancing direction of the entire sugarcane punching and film covering machine. The punching mechanism is located upstream of the soil covering wheels, the film pressing mechanism is located upstream of the punching mechanism, and the film winding drum 8 is located upstream of the film pressing mechanism. Through such distribution, it is ensured that after the degradable black film is unrolled, its two sides are first pressed tightly by the film pressing mechanism, then punched, and finally covered with soil. Since the tension belt and the degradable black film are unrolled simultaneously, they move synchronously with the degradable black film here.

[0061] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A sugarcane punching and covering machine, characterized in that: include: A frame, wherein the frame has a moving mechanism for moving on the sugarcane ridge, and the moving mechanism is provided with an encoder, through which the travel distance is detected and sent to the control module; Film rolling drum, which is rotatably connected to the frame and is used for unwinding the degradable black film; A punching mechanism, which is arranged at the rear end of the frame or on one side of the film roll, and is controlled by a control module to punch holes in the degradable black film; The film pressing mechanism can press down the edges of both sides of the unrolled degradable black film; A tensioning mechanism, which can lift the middle part of the unrolled degradable black film; A control module is connected to the moving mechanism, encoder and punching mechanism of the frame.

2. A sugarcane punching and covering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The punching mechanism comprises a punching needle and a punching drive unit. The punching drive unit is fixed on the frame. The punching needle and the movable end of the punching drive unit are fixedly connected. The punching drive unit is connected to the control module.

3. A sugarcane punching and covering machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The punch needle comprises a punch, a connecting rod and a punch cylinder, one end of the punch is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod, one end of the punch cylinder is a closed structure, and the other end of the punch cylinder is an opening, one end of the connecting rod is inserted into the punch cylinder from the opening, the outer diameter of the connecting rod is larger than the outer diameter of the punch, and a step structure is formed at the connection between the connecting rod and the punch, the side wall of the punch cylinder is provided with a movable groove, the movable groove is located on the side wall at the opening, the movable groove is provided with a movable hole that penetrates the side wall of the punch cylinder, the movable hole is slidably connected with a sliding rod, the two ends of the sliding rod are respectively connected to a limiting block and a clamping block, the limiting block is located on the outside of the punch cylinder, the clamping block is located on the inside of the punch cylinder, the clamping block can cooperate with the step structure to fix the connecting rod, the clamping block can be moved with the sliding rod and accommodated in the movable groove, a first spring is provided between the limiting block and the punch cylinder, when the clamping block is accommodated in the movable groove, the punch can be detached from the punch cylinder, and when the clamping block abuts against the step structure, the clamping block fixes the connecting rod in the punch cylinder.

4. A sugarcane punching and covering machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The contact surface between the clamping block and the stepped structure is a plane or a first inclined surface, which inclines from the outer lower direction to the inner upper direction; the surface corresponding to the clamping block and the punch is a second inclined surface, which inclines from the outer lower direction to the inner upper direction.

5. The sugarcane punching and covering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film pressing mechanism includes a first film pressing wheel, a second film pressing wheel, a first wheel support foot, a second wheel support foot, a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a second spring and a third spring. The first sleeve and the second sleeve are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame. The first sleeve and the second sleeve are both adjustably connected to the frame. The first wheel support foot and the second wheel support foot are respectively inserted into the first sleeve and the second sleeve. The second spring and the third spring are respectively sleeved on the outside of the first wheel support foot and the second wheel support foot. The second spring is respectively fixedly connected to the first wheel support foot and the first sleeve. The second spring is respectively fixedly connected to the second wheel support foot and the second sleeve. The first film pressing wheel and the second film pressing wheel are respectively rotatably connected to the first wheel support foot and the second wheel support foot. The first film pressing wheel and the second film pressing wheel are respectively in contact with the two side edges of the unwound degradable black film.

6. The sugarcane punching and covering machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two adjustment slots are provided on the frame, and adjustment shafts are provided in the two adjustment slots. The adjustment shafts are provided with external threads, and the adjustment shafts are connected with shaft sleeves through the external threads. The first sleeve and the second sleeve are rotatably connected with the two shaft sleeves respectively. Two nuts are threadedly connected on the adjustment shaft, and the two threads are respectively located on both sides of the shaft sleeves. The outer diameter of each nut is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft sleeve.

7. The sugarcane punching and covering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning mechanism includes a tensioning belt, a reel and a guide wheel. The reel is rotatably connected to the frame. The tensioning belt is wound around the reel. One end of the tensioning belt is fixedly connected to the middle part of the degradable black film. The tensioning belt is wrapped around the guide wheel. The guide wheel is rotatably connected to the frame. The part of the tensioning belt wrapped around the guide wheel contacts the middle part of the degradable black film.

8. The sugarcane punching and covering machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the punch is coated with a diamond-like coating; a pressure sensor is installed at the end of the punch, and the pressure sensor is connected to the control module.

9. The sugarcane punching and covering machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a suppression mechanism, which includes a suppression roller, a suppression shaft and a swing foot. There are two swing feet, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame. One end of the two swing feet is rotatably connected to the frame, and the other ends of the two swing feet are rotatably connected to the suppression shaft. The suppression roller is sleeved on the outside of the suppression shaft, and the suppression roller is rotatably connected to the suppression shaft.

10. The sugarcane punching and covering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a soil covering mechanism, which includes contour support feet and soil covering wheels. There are two contour support feet and two soil covering wheels. One end of the two contour support feet is hinged to the frame, and the other ends of the two contour support feet are rotatably connected to the two soil covering wheels respectively. The two contour support feet are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame, and the two soil covering wheels are located behind the frame in the forward direction.

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