Battery management system and method of electronic cigarette

Abstract

The invention provides a battery management system and method for an electronic cigarette. A battery pack is divided into an activation time period and an intermittent time period according to the output power of the electronic cigarette during atomization and a preset power-time mapping relation; the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack in the voltage recovery process is determined according to the fluctuation characteristics of the voltage in the intermittent period process, and then the optimal pulse width duration of the battery pack in the activation period in the next period is determined; according to the voltage converted from the activation time period to the intermittent time period and a preset safety threshold value, the duty ratio correction amount of the battery pack between the activation time period and the intermittent time period in the next period is determined; and performing dynamic balance adjustment on the activation time period and the intermittent time period of the next cycle of the battery pack according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty ratio correction, and inhibiting the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack in combination with closed-loop feedback. By means of the scheme, power fluctuation of the battery pack in the electronic cigarette in the atomization process can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of battery management. More specifically, this application relates to a battery management system and method for an electronic cigarette. Background Art

[0002] During the use of an electronic cigarette, battery management is a crucial link, which directly affects the performance, service life, and user experience of the electronic cigarette. With the continuous development of the electronic cigarette market, users' requirements for electronic cigarettes are also getting higher and higher. For example, it is expected that the electronic cigarette can provide a stable and personalized atomization effect while extending the service life of the battery.

[0003] With the rapid development of electronic cigarette technology, users have put forward higher requirements for the battery life, atomization stability, and safety of the device. The core components of an electronic cigarette include a battery pack and an atomizer, and their working characteristics depend on the discharge management of the battery. In the prior art, most electronic cigarettes use constant voltage or simple pulse width modulation (PWM) to control the atomization power. However, in the high-frequency intermittent working mode, due to factors such as internal resistance change and state of charge (SOC) attenuation of the battery pack, the output power is unstable. Specifically, during continuous atomization, the internal resistance of the battery increases due to the polarization effect, and the sudden voltage drop causes power attenuation, resulting in uneven smoke volume. During the intermittent recovery stage, the battery polarization is not fully eliminated before entering the next cycle, further exacerbating the dynamic imbalance of the internal resistance, forming a vicious cycle. Therefore, how to reduce the power fluctuation of the battery pack during atomization in an electronic cigarette has become a problem faced by the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery management system and method for an electronic cigarette, which can reduce the power fluctuation of the battery pack during atomization in the electronic cigarette, a problem faced by the industry.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery regulation method for a battery management system of an electronic cigarette to regulate the battery. The method includes the following steps: Analyze the output power of the battery pack atomization based on the request signal when the electronic cigarette is atomizing; Dynamically divide the current working cycle of the battery pack atomization through the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack; Obtain the voltage during the intermittent period, determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack; Determine the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics of the conversion from the activation period to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers; Dynamically balance and adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack by combining closed-loop feedback.

[0006] In some embodiments, dynamically dividing the current working cycle of the battery pack atomization through the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack specifically includes: Obtain the preset power-time mapping relationship; Judge the output power according to the power-time mapping relationship; When the output power continuously exceeds the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and lasts for more than the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, mark it as the start of the activation period. When the output power is lower than the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and maintains the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, mark it as the start of the intermittent period, so as to determine the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack.

[0007] In some embodiments, determining the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period specifically includes: Determine the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period; Determine multiple instantaneous change amounts of the internal resistance during the voltage recovery period of the intermittent period according to the fluctuation characteristics; Determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process through all the instantaneous change amounts.

[0008] In some embodiments, determining the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state-of-charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack specifically includes: Obtain the preset state-of-charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack; Determine the maximum continuous discharge load level allowed for the battery pack in the current working cycle through the dynamic impedance gradient; Determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the state-of-charge compensation coefficient and the maximum continuous discharge load level.

[0009] In some embodiments, determining the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics of the conversion from the activation period to the intermittent period and a preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers specifically includes: Obtain the preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers; Determine multiple voltage recovery rates when the voltage of the battery pack recovers according to the voltage change characteristics of the conversion from the activation period to the intermittent period; Determine the instantaneous load margin level of the battery pack in the current working cycle through all the voltage recovery rates and the safety threshold; Determine the additional load level of the battery pack according to the instantaneous load margin level; Determine the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the additional load level.

[0010] In some embodiments, dynamically balancing and adjusting the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and suppressing the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack by combining closed-loop feedback specifically includes: Generate a new activation period adjustment value according to the optimal pulse width duration; Adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle through the new activation period adjustment value, the duty cycle correction amount, and combining closed-loop feedback, so as to suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack.

[0011] In some embodiments, the power-time mapping relationship includes a power threshold and a time window.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery management system for an electronic cigarette. The battery management system for the electronic cigarette includes a battery control unit, and the battery control unit includes: An analysis module for analyzing the output power of the battery pack atomization based on a request signal when the electronic cigarette atomizes; A processing module for dynamically dividing the current working cycle of the battery pack atomization through the output power and a preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack; The processing module is further configured to obtain the voltage of the intermittent period, determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack; The processing module is further configured to determine a duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristic when the activation period is switched to the intermittent period and a preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack is restored; The execution module is configured to perform dynamic balance adjustment on the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack in combination with closed-loop feedback.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores code, and the processor is configured to obtain the code and execute the above battery control method.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above battery control method is implemented.

[0015] The technical solutions provided by the disclosed embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: In the battery management system and method for an electronic cigarette provided by the present application, first, the output power of the atomization of the battery pack is analyzed based on the request signal when the electronic cigarette is atomized; the current working cycle of the atomization of the battery pack is dynamically divided through the output power and a preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack; the voltage of the intermittent period is obtained, and the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process is determined according to the voltage fluctuation characteristic during the intermittent period. Based on the dynamic impedance gradient and a preset state-of-charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack, the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle is determined; the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle is determined according to the voltage change characteristic when the activation period is switched to the intermittent period and a preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack is restored; dynamic balance adjustment is performed on the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack is suppressed in combination with closed-loop feedback.

[0016] It can be seen that during the battery regulation process of this application, first, based on the adaptive cycle division mechanism of the output power of the battery pack atomization, the activation and intermittent periods of the battery pack during atomization are dynamically allocated, optimizing the energy utilization rate of the battery pack under high-frequency pulsed discharge, and reducing the temperature rise accumulation and capacity attenuation caused by fixed cycle division; then, by analyzing the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance is determined, which can more deeply understand the internal state of the battery pack. The change of the internal resistance will affect the output power of the battery pack, and the dynamic impedance gradient reflects the change of the internal resistance over time. Combining with the preset state-of-charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack, the state-of-charge factor of the battery pack can be comprehensively considered to determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period in the next cycle. This can enable the battery pack to output power more appropriately during the activation period, avoid power fluctuations caused by internal resistance changes and the state of charge of the battery, and improve the stability of power output; then, the voltage change characteristics from the activation period to the intermittent period reflect the state of the battery pack during the conversion between work and rest. According to these characteristics and the preset safety threshold, the duty cycle correction amount can be determined to optimize the time allocation between the activation period and the intermittent period. If the voltage changes abnormally, by adjusting the duty cycle, the battery pack can have a more reasonable working and resting time, thereby ensuring that the battery pack operates within a safe voltage range, reducing power fluctuations caused by voltage changes, and improving the stability and safety of the battery pack; finally, by dynamically balancing and adjusting the activation period and the intermittent period, combining the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, the working mode of the battery pack can be made more scientific and reasonable. The closed-loop feedback mechanism can monitor the power output of the battery pack in real time and adjust the subsequent working mode in a timely manner according to the monitoring results. By adopting the above solution, the power fluctuation of the battery pack during atomization in the electronic cigarette can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is an exemplary flowchart of a battery regulation method shown according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 is an exemplary flowchart of determining a dynamic impedance gradient shown according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 is an exemplary voltage diagram of the activation period and the intermittent period of a battery pack shown according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery regulation unit shown according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device for implementing the battery regulation method shown according to some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific embodiments.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 , the figure is an exemplary flowchart of a battery regulation method shown in some embodiments of the present application. The battery regulation method 100 mainly includes the following steps: In step 101, the output power of the battery pack for atomization is parsed based on the request signal during atomization of the electronic cigarette.

[0020] It should be noted that, first, the air pressure change inside the cigarette rod is monitored in real time through an air pressure sensor (such as a microelectromechanical system air pressure sensor) to obtain an air pressure signal. When the user inhales, the air pressure inside the cigarette rod drops rapidly, forming an obvious air pressure fluctuation. Then, filtering technology (such as Kalman filtering) is used to preprocess the air pressure signal to remove noise interference (such as external air pressure changes and vibrations). An edge detection algorithm is used to process the air pressure signal after preprocessing: a static air pressure reference value is set, and the instantaneous air pressure change amount (ΔP) is calculated in real time. When ΔP exceeds the preset inhalation recognition threshold (such as a decrease exceeding 300 Pa), this air pressure signal is determined as a valid atomization request signal, and this atomization request signal is used as the request signal for the battery pack during atomization. Finally, according to the request signal, the hardware sampling module is triggered to start synchronous acquisition of voltage and current data in the atomizer circuit.

[0021] Specifically, the voltage signal is sampled through a voltage divider circuit and connected to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) channel of the microcontroller (MCU), and the current signal is connected to the ADC channel through a Hall current sensor to achieve millisecond-level synchronous sampling. At each sampling moment, the instantaneous atomization output power is calculated using the classical electric power calculation formula P(t)=V(t)×I(t) in combination with the monitored voltage signal and current signal, so as to obtain the output power of the battery pack for atomization.

[0022] It should be noted that the output power in the present application represents the output power of the battery pack during atomization of the electronic cigarette, and can be used to analyze the working state of the battery pack of the electronic cigarette.

[0023] In step 102, the current working cycle of the battery pack for atomization is dynamically divided through the output power and a preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack. In some embodiments, dynamically dividing the current working cycle of the battery pack for atomization through the output power and a preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack can be implemented by the following steps: Obtain a preset power-time mapping relationship; Judge the output power according to the power-time mapping relationship; When the output power continuously exceeds the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and lasts for more than the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, it is marked as the start of the activation period. When the output power is lower than the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and remains for the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, it is marked as the start of the intermittent period, so as to determine the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack.

[0024] In specific implementation, first, obtain the preset power-time mapping relationship from the database corresponding to the electronic cigarette. The power-time mapping relationship represents the relationship between time and power during the working stage of the electronic cigarette, and includes a power threshold and a time window in the power-time mapping relationship. Then, take the time period from the start of the activation period to the start of the adjacent intermittent period as the activation period, and take the time period from the start of the intermittent period to the start of the activation period in the next adjacent cycle as the intermittent period. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used to determine, which is not limited here.

[0025] It should be noted that the activation period in this application refers to the time period when the atomizer starts to heat the heating chip and continuously outputs atomization power after the electronic cigarette detects the user's inhalation request. The gap stage refers to the time period when the atomizer stops heating and enters the low-power sleep or standby state after the user stops inhaling. At the same time, the battery voltage gradually recovers naturally during this period. If there is no inhalation action for a long time (such as more than 1 minute), the device may enter the deep sleep or shutdown mode.

[0026] In step 103, obtain the voltage during the intermittent period, determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack.

[0027] It should be noted that the voltage during the intermittent period can be used to make corresponding adjustments to the atomization working state of the electronic cigarette. Specifically, the voltage during the intermittent period can be extracted from the monitored voltage signal.

[0028] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 As shown, this figure is an exemplary flowchart for determining the dynamic impedance gradient in some embodiments of the present application. In this embodiment, the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process can be determined according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period by the following steps: First, in step 1031, determine the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period; Secondly, in step 1032, determine multiple instantaneous change amounts of the internal resistance during the voltage recovery period of the intermittent period according to the fluctuation characteristics; Finally, in step 1033, the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process is determined through all instantaneous changes.

[0029] It should be noted that although the current is close to zero during the intermittent period, the voltage recovery is driven by the electrochemical reaction inside the battery. When the battery recovers the voltage, the relationship between the battery voltage and current and the internal resistance of the battery show a certain change trend. The change in the internal resistance of the battery is inferred by the voltage recovery characteristics, and the dynamic gradient of the internal resistance can be monitored and inferred.

[0030] In specific implementation, determining the fluctuation characteristics of the voltage during the intermittent period can be achieved in the following manner, namely: arranging the voltages during the intermittent period in chronological order, using the arranged sequence as a voltage sequence, calculating the difference between each adjacent voltage in the voltage sequence, and using all the differences as the fluctuation characteristics of the voltage during the intermittent period, wherein the fluctuation characteristics represent the characteristics of the voltage changes during the intermittent period; in other embodiments, other methods may also be used for determination, which are not limited here.

[0031] In addition, since the current in the intermittent period is close to zero, according to the series model: V=Voc−I*R, V is the terminal voltage of the battery, I is the battery current (close to zero in the intermittent period), R is the internal resistance of the battery, and Voc is the open circuit voltage of the battery. It can be inferred that the voltage change in the intermittent period can reflect the change in the internal resistance of the battery. Therefore, the instantaneous change value in the recovery process can be calculated based on the current data before discharge and the voltage in the intermittent period; in specific implementation, the multiple instantaneous changes of the internal resistance during the recovery voltage in the intermittent period are determined according to the fluctuation characteristics. The following method can be used, namely: at the end of the activation period, the battery port current value (that is, the current data at the end of the battery discharge) is recorded, and each difference in the fluctuation characteristic and the current value are calculated according to the formula ΔR=ΔV / I to calculate each instantaneous change of the internal resistance, wherein ΔV is the difference in the fluctuation characteristic, I is the current value, and ΔR It is the instantaneous change of the battery internal resistance, and the instantaneous change represents the parameter value of the change degree of the battery internal resistance when the electronic cigarette is in the voltage recovery stage; in other embodiments, other methods can be used to determine it, which is not limited here.

[0032] When specifically implemented, the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process can be determined by all instantaneous change amounts in the following manner, that is: arrange all the instantaneous change amount values in the order of the corresponding time, and use the arranged sequence as the instantaneous change amount sequence. Use locally weighted regression to perform local linear fitting on the instantaneous change amount sequence, calculate the slopes of each fitted local curve, and use the sequence obtained by arranging all the slopes in chronological order as the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process; in other embodiments, other methods can also be used for determination, which are not limited here.

[0033] It should be noted that the dynamic impedance gradient in this application represents the rate of change of the internal resistance (internal impedance) of the e-cigarette battery pack over time within the voltage recovery time range, and can be used to analyze the resistance situation during the intermittent period.

[0034] In some embodiments, determining the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state-of-charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack can be implemented by the following steps: Obtain the preset state-of-charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack; Determine the maximum continuous discharge load level allowed for the battery pack in the current working cycle through the dynamic impedance gradient; Determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the state-of-charge compensation coefficient and the maximum continuous discharge load level.

[0035] It should be noted that the dynamic impedance gradient reflects the internal health state and load recovery ability of the battery during the intermittent recovery process. The smaller the gradient, the lower the internal polarization degree of the battery and the better the load recovery ability, allowing for a longer continuous discharge time; while the state-of-charge compensation coefficient is used to correct the influence of battery performance changes at different battery levels. Since the internal resistance and safe operating range of the battery are highly sensitive to the state-of-charge situation, by combining the maximum safe discharge load level deduced from the dynamic impedance gradient with the corrected load capacity of the battery, the discharge time that the battery can withstand in the next cycle can be dynamically and accurately predicted, so as to accurately set the pulse width duration of the activation period, ensuring both battery safety and improving the e-cigarette experience.

[0036] In addition, the state-of-charge compensation coefficient in this application is an adjustment parameter used to correct the deviation between the actual state of charge (SOC) of the battery and the theoretically calculated value. The state-of-charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack at the current battery level can be called from the battery pack control module. This coefficient is usually obtained through experimental calibration and is used to describe the adjustment range of the state of charge under the allowable load capacity of the battery.

[0037] In specific implementation, the maximum continuous discharge load level allowed for the battery pack in the current working cycle can be determined by the dynamic impedance gradient in the following way, that is: an empirical formula obtained by fitting based on experimental data (such as the linear relationship L = k×dR / dt + b, where L is the maximum continuous discharge load level, dR / dt is the dynamic impedance gradient, and k and b are fitting coefficients) is used to calculate the maximum continuous discharge load level, and the maximum continuous discharge load level that the battery can withstand under the current dynamic health state is deduced. Herein, the maximum continuous discharge load level represents the maximum power level that the battery pack can continuously output without interruption and without damaging its own performance; in other embodiments, other methods can also be used for determination, which are not limited herein.

[0038] In specific implementation, the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle can be determined according to the state-of-charge compensation coefficient and the maximum continuous discharge load level in the following way, that is: the product of the maximum continuous discharge load level and the state-of-charge compensation coefficient is used as the corrected maximum continuous discharge load level. A mathematical model between the corrected maximum continuous discharge load level and the optimal pulse width duration is established based on a machine learning method (such as support vector regression (SVR)). A large amount of experimental data is collected, and the experimental data includes different maximum continuous discharge load levels and corresponding optimal pulse width durations. These data are used as a training set to train this mathematical model. The corrected maximum continuous discharge load level is input into the trained mathematical model, and this mathematical model will output the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used for determination, which are not limited herein.

[0039] It should be noted that the optimal pulse width duration in this application represents the optimal effective activation time length for the battery pack to maintain the activation state (i.e., continuous discharge) in the next working cycle, which is the core reference value for judging whether the activation period in the next cycle can be appropriately extended, and is used to participate in adjusting the activation-intermittent duty ratio to improve the user experience while maintaining the system safety margin.

[0040] In step 104, the duty ratio correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle is determined according to the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers.

[0041] In some embodiments, the duty ratio correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle can be determined according to the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers by the following steps: Obtain the preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers; Determine a plurality of voltage recovery rates when the voltage recovers in the battery pack according to the voltage change characteristics of the conversion from the activation period to the intermittent period; Determine the instantaneous load margin level of the battery pack in the current operating cycle through all the voltage recovery rates and the safety threshold; Determine the additional load level of the battery pack according to the instantaneous load margin level; Determine the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the additional load level.

[0042] It should be noted that when the battery enters the intermittent period after the activation discharge ends, the recovery speeds of internal polarization and concentration difference directly reflect the current health state and load-bearing capacity of the battery. The faster the voltage recovers, the smaller the internal polarization and the lower the internal resistance of the battery, indicating that it still has a strong load output ability; the slower the recovery, the more deteriorated the battery state and the lower the bearing capacity. By setting a voltage recovery safety threshold obtained from battery safety tests, the system can dynamically monitor the recovery rate during the voltage rise process and compare it with the safety threshold, so as to quantify the additional load space that the battery pack can withstand under instantaneous conditions in the current cycle, that is, the instantaneous load margin level.

[0043] In addition, during the design and production stages of the battery pack, a safety threshold for voltage recovery is preset based on various factors such as the chemical characteristics of the battery, the use environment, and safety standards. This threshold is usually stored in the memory of the battery management system (BMS). When it is necessary to determine the instantaneous load margin level, the battery management system (BMS) directly reads the preset safety threshold from the memory, and this threshold serves as an important reference basis for subsequent judgment of the battery load capacity.

[0044] In specific implementation, the multiple voltage recovery rates when the voltage of the battery pack recovers can be determined according to the voltage change characteristics from the activation period to the intermittent period in the following manner: all voltages from the activation period to the intermittent period are extracted from the voltage signal, all the extracted voltages are arranged in the order of acquisition time, and the obtained sequence is used as the recovery voltage sequence. The first-order difference algorithm is used to calculate the difference between each adjacent voltage in the recovery voltage sequence, and all the differences are used as the voltage change characteristics from the activation period to the intermittent period, where the voltage change characteristics represent the characteristics of the voltage change from the activation period to the intermittent period. According to the voltage change characteristics, the voltage change rate at each time point is calculated (such as ΔV / Δt, where ΔV is the difference between adjacent voltages and Δt is the time interval between adjacent voltage samplings), so as to obtain the multiple voltage recovery rates when the voltage of the battery pack recovers. The voltage recovery rate represents the speed at which the battery voltage rises per unit time. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used for determination, which are not limited here.

[0045] In specific implementation, the instantaneous load margin level of the battery pack in the current working cycle can be determined by all the voltage recovery rates and the safety threshold in the following manner: a correlation model between the instantaneous load margin level and the voltage recovery rate is established by using a machine learning algorithm (such as support vector machine (SVM)). A large amount of voltage recovery rates and corresponding battery load capacity data under different working conditions are collected, and the data is divided into a training set and a test set. The training set is used to train the correlation model, and the parameters of the correlation model (such as kernel function type, penalty factor) are adjusted through the test set, so that the correlation model can accurately learn the mapping relationship between the voltage recovery rate and the battery load capacity. All the voltage recovery rates are input into the trained correlation model to obtain the load capacity of the battery pack at different moments. The ratio of the safety threshold to the load capacity corresponding to each moment is used as the instantaneous load margin at the corresponding moment, and all the instantaneous load margins are used as the instantaneous load margin level of the battery pack in the current working cycle. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used for determination, which are not limited here.

[0046] It should be noted that the instantaneous load margin level in this application represents the surplus degree of the current discharge capacity of the battery pack relative to the lower limit of safe operation, and can be used to measure whether the battery still has sufficient load capacity to handle subsequent discharge requests in the current state, so as to avoid voltage drop, battery damage or safety hazards caused by overload.

[0047] It should be noted that when the voltage recovers quickly during the intermittent period after activation (i.e., the instantaneous load margin level is high), it indicates that the degree of battery polarization is small, the internal resistance recovers quickly, and the battery still has a strong load-bearing capacity. On the contrary, slow recovery indicates that the battery load is approaching the upper limit. Based on this, this margin level can be used as a feedback quantity to map out the duty cycle correction quantity after the current cycle, that is, to adjust the time ratio of the activation period to the intermittent period in the next cycle to achieve dynamic allocation of power consumption and load.

[0048] When specifically implemented, the additional load level of the battery pack can be determined according to the instantaneous load margin level in the following way: calculate the difference between each instantaneous load margin in the instantaneous load margin level and the standard load reference, and use all the differences as the additional load level of the battery pack. Here, the additional load level represents the additional discharge capacity that the battery pack can safely bear relative to the standard load reference, and the standard load reference represents the reference load capacity that the battery can continuously output at a normal operating temperature (such as 25°C), good state of health (such as SoH = 100%), and within the rated operating voltage range. In this embodiment, the standard load reference is 100%. In other embodiments, it can also be implemented in other ways, which are not limited here.

[0049] In addition, there is an association between the duty cycle and the load. When the load increases, the proportion of the activation period (i.e., the duty cycle) needs to be appropriately increased to meet the load demand. Therefore, the duty cycle can be adjusted according to the additional load level. When specifically implemented, the duty cycle correction quantity between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle can be determined according to the additional load level in the following way: call the internally set duty cycle tuning model (such as the linear gain coefficient method), input the additional load level into the duty cycle tuning model, and use the value output by the duty cycle tuning model as the duty cycle correction quantity between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle. In other embodiments, it can also be determined in other ways, which are not limited here.

[0050] It should be noted that the duty cycle correction quantity in this application represents the correction value for dynamically adjusting the ratio of the activation period to the intermittent period in the battery pack, which can be used to adjust the activation period and the intermittent period to achieve the controllable extension ability of the output power working time.

[0051] In step 105, the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle are dynamically balanced and adjusted according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction quantity, and the closed-loop feedback is combined to suppress the atomization power fluctuation.

[0052] In some embodiments, the dynamic balance adjustment of the activation period and the intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack can be achieved according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack can be suppressed by combining closed-loop feedback through the following steps: Generate a new activation period adjustment value according to the optimal pulse width duration; Adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack through the new activation period adjustment value, the duty cycle correction amount, and combined with closed-loop feedback, so as to suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack.

[0053] When specifically implemented, the generation of a new activation period adjustment value according to the optimal pulse width duration can be achieved in the following manner, that is: using the linear regression algorithm, taking the historical optimal pulse width duration data as the independent variable and the corresponding activation period as the dependent variable, constructing a linear regression model, inputting the current optimal pulse width duration into the model, and calculating the new activation period adjustment value through this model. Among them, the new activation period adjustment value represents the parameter value of the adjustment degree of the activation period in the next cycle; in other embodiments, other methods can also be used for generation, which is not limited here.

[0054] When specifically implemented, the adjustment of the activation period and the intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack through the new activation period adjustment value, the duty cycle correction amount, and combined with closed-loop feedback to suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack can be achieved in the following manner, that is: adopting the adaptive PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control algorithm, taking the new activation period adjustment value as the set value, the current activation period as the feedback value, and the duty cycle correction amount as the control parameter. In the proportional link, according to the deviation between the activation period adjustment value and the current activation period, quickly adjust the activation period. The integral link eliminates the steady-state error to ensure that the final activation period can stably reach the adjustment value. The derivative link predicts the change trend of the deviation and makes adjustments in advance to prevent excessive adjustment of the activation period. Then, according to the working cycle duration of the battery pack, subtract the adjusted activation period from the cycle duration to obtain the intermittent period. Output the adjustment information of the activation period and the intermittent period through the control algorithm. Among them, the adjustment information represents the information of the adjustment degree of the activation period and the intermittent period. The adjustment information includes the adjustment value of the activation period, the adjustment value of the intermittent period, the adjustment amount of the duty cycle, and the time window adjustment information. Encode the adjustment information into a control command and input it into the embedded system. The embedded system controls the drive circuit of the battery pack according to the command, accurately controls the on-off time of the battery pack, and realizes the control of the activation period and the intermittent period, so as to complete the atomization work of the next cycle and suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack; in other embodiments, other control methods can also be used, which is not limited here.

[0055] It should be noted that this method dynamically divides the activation and intermittent periods by real-time parsing of the atomization output power of the battery pack, determines the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance based on the voltage fluctuations during the intermittent period, obtains the optimal pulse width duration during the activation period by combining the state-of-charge compensation coefficient, determines the duty cycle correction amount according to the voltage change characteristics and the safety threshold, and dynamically balances and adjusts the working period of the battery pack. At the same time, the adjusted actual atomization power is compared with the target power to form a closed-loop feedback, continuously correcting and optimizing the parameters of the working period, thereby suppressing the fluctuations in the atomization power of the battery pack and ensuring stable output power to complete the suppression of the fluctuations in the atomization power of the battery pack.

[0056] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 shown, this figure is a voltage example diagram of the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in some embodiments of the present application. As Figure 3 described, the straight-line area indicates that the battery is powering the atomizer and the voltage is decreasing, that is, the activation period, and the curved area indicates that the load stops and the voltage starts to recover, that is, the intermittent period.

[0057] In addition, on the other hand of the present application, in some embodiments, the present application provides a battery management system for an electronic cigarette. The battery management system for the electronic cigarette includes a battery control unit. Referring to Figure 4 this figure is a schematic structural diagram of the battery control unit shown in some embodiments of the present application. The battery control unit 400 includes: an analysis module 401, a processing module 402, and an execution module 403, which are described as follows: Analysis module 401. In the present application, the analysis module 401 is mainly used to parse the output power of the battery pack atomization based on the request signal when the electronic cigarette is atomizing. Processing module 402. In the present application, the processing module 402 is used to dynamically divide the current working cycle of the battery pack atomization through the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack. It should be noted that in the present application, the processing module 402 is further used to obtain the voltage during the intermittent period, determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state-of-charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack. In addition, it should be noted that in the present application, the processing module 402 is further used to determine the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers. Execution module 403. In this application, the execution module 403 is mainly used to dynamically balance and adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack by combining closed-loop feedback.

[0058] In addition, this application also provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores code, and the processor is configured to obtain the code and execute the above battery control method.

[0059] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 , this figure is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device for implementing the battery control method according to some embodiments of this application. The battery control method in the above embodiments can be implemented by Figure 5 the computer device shown. The computer device 500 includes at least one processor 501, a communication bus 502, a memory 503, and at least one communication interface 504.

[0060] The processor 501 can be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0061] The communication bus 502 can be used to transfer information between the above components.

[0062] The memory 503 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM), or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions. It can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic discs, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 503 can exist independently and be connected to the processor 501 through the communication bus 502. The memory 503 can also be integrated with the processor 501.

[0063] Among them, the memory 503 is used to store the program code for executing the solution of this application, and is controlled by the processor 501 for execution. The processor 501 is used to execute the program code stored in the memory 503. The program code may include one or more software modules. The methods used in the above embodiments can be implemented by one or more software modules in the processor 501 and the program code in the memory 503.

[0064] The communication interface 504 uses any device such as a transceiver for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc.

[0065] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the computer device may include multiple processors, and each of these processors may be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor. Here, the processor may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

[0066] The above computer device may be a general-purpose computer device or a special-purpose computer device. In a specific implementation, the computer device may be a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, a communication device, or an embedded device. The embodiments of this application do not limit the type of the computer device.

[0067] In addition, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above battery control method is implemented.

[0068] Although the preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications once they learn the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0069] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalent technologies, this application is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A battery control method for a battery management system of an electronic cigarette for battery control, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Analyze the output power of the battery pack atomization based on the request signal when the electronic cigarette is atomizing; Dynamically divide the current working cycle of the battery pack atomization by the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack; Acquire the voltage during the intermittent period, determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the charge state compensation coefficient preset by the battery pack; Determining a duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage variation characteristics when the activation period is converted to the intermittent period and a preset safety threshold when the voltage in the battery pack is restored; The activation period and the intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack are dynamically balanced and adjusted according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack is suppressed in combination with closed-loop feedback.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The current working cycle of the battery pack atomization is dynamically divided by the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship, and the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack are obtained, which specifically include: Obtaining a preset power-time mapping relationship; Determining the output power according to the power-time mapping relationship; When the output power is continuously higher than the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and continues to exceed the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, it is marked as the beginning of the activation period. When the output power is lower than the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and maintains the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, it is marked as the beginning of the intermittent period, thereby determining the activation period and intermittent period of the battery pack.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period specifically includes: determining a voltage fluctuation characteristic during the intermittent period; Determining a plurality of instantaneous changes of the internal resistance during the voltage recovery period in the intermittent period according to the fluctuation characteristics; The dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process is determined by all instantaneous changes.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the charge state compensation coefficient preset by the battery pack specifically includes: Obtaining a preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack; Determine the maximum continuous discharge load level allowed by the battery pack under the current working cycle through the dynamic impedance gradient; An optimal pulse width duration of an activation period of the battery pack in a next cycle is determined according to the state of charge compensation coefficient and the maximum continuous discharge load level.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics when the activation period is converted to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold when the voltage in the battery pack is restored specifically includes: Obtaining a preset safety threshold when the voltage in the battery pack is restored; Determining a plurality of voltage recovery rates when the voltage in the battery pack is recovered according to the voltage change characteristics when the activation period is converted to the intermittent period; Determining the instantaneous load margin level of the battery pack in the current working cycle by using all voltage recovery rates and the safety threshold; determining an additional load level of the battery pack according to the instantaneous load margin level; A duty cycle correction amount between an activation period and a rest period of the battery pack in a next cycle is determined according to the additional load level.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Dynamically balancing and adjusting the activation period and the intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and suppressing the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack in combination with closed-loop feedback specifically include: Generate a new activation period adjustment value according to the optimal pulse width duration; The activation period and intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack are adjusted by a new activation period adjustment value, the duty cycle correction amount and closed-loop feedback, thereby suppressing the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The power-time mapping relationship includes a power threshold and a time window.

8. A battery management system for an electronic cigarette, the battery management system for the electronic cigarette comprising a battery control unit, characterized in that: The battery control unit comprises: An analysis module, used for analyzing the atomization output power of the battery pack based on a request signal when the electronic cigarette is atomizing; A processing module, used for dynamically dividing the current working cycle of the battery pack atomization by the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship, so as to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack; The processing module is further used to obtain the voltage during the intermittent period, determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the charge state compensation coefficient preset by the battery pack; The processing module is further used to determine a duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics when the activation period is converted to the intermittent period and a preset safety threshold when the voltage in the battery pack is restored; The execution module is used to dynamically balance the activation period and the intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack in combination with closed-loop feedback.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores codes, and the processor is configured to obtain the codes and execute the battery control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the battery control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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