Battery Management System and Method for Electronic Cigarettes

Abstract

The present application provides a battery management system and method for an electronic cigarette. The battery pack is divided into an activation period and an intermittent period according to the output power during atomization of the electronic cigarette and a preset power-time mapping relationship. The dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process is determined according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and then the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period in the next cycle of the battery pack is determined. The duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period in the next cycle of the battery pack is determined according to the voltage when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period and a preset safety threshold. The activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle are dynamically balanced and adjusted according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack is suppressed by combining closed-loop feedback. By adopting the solution of the present application, the power fluctuation of the battery pack in the electronic cigarette during atomization can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery management. More specifically, the present application relates to a battery management system and method for an electronic cigarette. Background Art

[0002] During the use of an electronic cigarette, battery management is a crucial link, which directly affects the performance, service life, and user experience of the electronic cigarette. With the continuous development of the electronic cigarette market, users' requirements for electronic cigarettes are also getting higher and higher. For example, it is expected that the electronic cigarette can provide a stable and personalized atomization effect while extending the service life of the battery.

[0003] With the rapid development of electronic cigarette technology, users have put forward higher requirements for the battery life, atomization stability, and safety of the device. The core components of an electronic cigarette include a battery pack and an atomizer, and their working characteristics depend on the discharge management of the battery. In the prior art, most electronic cigarettes use constant voltage or simple pulse width modulation (PWM) to control the atomization power. However, in the high-frequency intermittent working mode, due to factors such as internal resistance changes and state of charge (SOC) decay of the battery pack, the output power is unstable. Specifically, during continuous atomization, the internal resistance of the battery increases due to the polarization effect, and the voltage drops suddenly, resulting in power attenuation and uneven smoke volume. During the intermittent recovery stage, the battery polarization is not fully eliminated before entering the next cycle, further exacerbating the dynamic imbalance of the internal resistance and forming a vicious cycle. Therefore, how to reduce the power fluctuation of the battery pack during atomization in an electronic cigarette has become a problem faced by the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a battery management system and method for an electronic cigarette, which can reduce the power fluctuation of the battery pack during atomization in the electronic cigarette, which is a problem faced by the industry.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery regulation method for a battery management system of an electronic cigarette to regulate the battery. The method includes the following steps:

[0006] Analyze the output power of the battery pack atomization based on the request signal when the electronic cigarette is atomizing;

[0007] Dynamically divide the current working cycle of the battery pack atomization through the output power and a preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack;

[0008] Obtain the voltage during the intermittent period, determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack;

[0009] Determine the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold when the voltage in the battery pack recovers;

[0010] Dynamically balance and adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack in combination with closed-loop feedback.

[0011] In some embodiments, dynamically dividing the current working cycle of the battery pack atomization through the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack specifically includes:

[0012] Obtain the preset power-time mapping relationship;

[0013] Judge the output power according to the power-time mapping relationship;

[0014] When the output power is continuously higher than the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and lasts for more than the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, it is marked as the start of the activation period. When the output power is lower than the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and maintains the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, it is marked as the start of the intermittent period, so as to determine the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack.

[0015] In some embodiments, determining the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period specifically includes:

[0016] Determine the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period;

[0017] Determine multiple instantaneous change amounts of the internal resistance during the voltage recovery period of the intermittent period according to the fluctuation characteristics;

[0018] Determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process through all the instantaneous change amounts.

[0019] In some embodiments, determining the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack specifically includes:

[0020] Obtain the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack;

[0021] Determine the maximum allowable continuous discharge load level of the battery pack in the current working cycle through the dynamic impedance gradient;

[0022] Determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the state of charge compensation factor and the maximum continuous discharge load level.

[0023] In some embodiments, determining the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics when the activation period transitions to the intermittent period and a preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers specifically includes:

[0024] Obtain the preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers;

[0025] Determine multiple voltage recovery rates when the voltage of the battery pack recovers according to the voltage change characteristics when the activation period transitions to the intermittent period;

[0026] Determine the instantaneous load margin level of the battery pack in the current working cycle through all the voltage recovery rates and the safety threshold;

[0027] Determine the additional load level of the battery pack according to the instantaneous load margin level;

[0028] Determine the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the additional load level.

[0029] In some embodiments, dynamically balancing and adjusting the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and suppressing the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack by combining closed-loop feedback specifically includes:

[0030] Generate a new activation period adjustment value according to the optimal pulse width duration;

[0031] Adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle through the new activation period adjustment value and the duty cycle correction amount in combination with closed-loop feedback, so as to suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack.

[0032] In some embodiments, the power-time mapping relationship includes a power threshold and a time window.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery management system for an electronic cigarette, and the battery management system for the electronic cigarette includes a battery control unit, and the battery control unit includes:

[0034] An analysis module, configured to analyze the output power of the battery pack atomization based on a request signal when the electronic cigarette atomizes;

[0035] A processing module, configured to dynamically divide the current working cycle of the battery pack atomization according to the output power and a preset power-time mapping relationship, so as to obtain an activation period and an intermittent period of the battery pack;

[0036] The processing module is further configured to obtain the voltage during the intermittent period, determine a dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and determine an optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and a preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack;

[0037] The processing module is further configured to determine a duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics when the activation period switches to the intermittent period and a preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers;

[0038] An execution module, configured to dynamically balance and adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack by combining closed-loop feedback.

[0039] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores code, and the processor is configured to obtain the code and execute the above battery control method.

[0040] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above battery control method is implemented.

[0041] The technical solutions provided by the disclosed embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0042] In the battery management system and method of the electronic cigarette provided by the present application, first, the output power of the battery pack for atomization is analyzed based on the request signal during atomization of the electronic cigarette; the current working cycle of the battery pack for atomization is dynamically divided through the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack; the voltage during the intermittent period is acquired, and the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process is determined according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period. Based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state-of-charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack, the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period in the next cycle of the battery pack is determined; according to the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold during voltage recovery in the battery pack, the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period in the next cycle of the battery pack is determined; the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle are dynamically balanced and adjusted according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack is suppressed by combining closed-loop feedback.

[0043] It can be seen that in the battery regulation process of the present application, first, based on the adaptive cycle division mechanism of the output power of the battery pack for atomization, the activation and intermittent periods of the battery pack during atomization are dynamically allocated, optimizing the energy utilization rate of the battery pack under high-frequency pulsed discharge, and reducing the temperature rise accumulation and capacity attenuation caused by fixed cycle division; then, by analyzing the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period to determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance, the internal state of the battery pack can be understood more deeply. The change in the internal resistance will affect the output power of the battery pack, and the dynamic impedance gradient reflects the change of the internal resistance over time. Combining the preset state-of-charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack, the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period in the next cycle can be determined by comprehensively considering the state-of-charge factor of the battery pack. This can enable the battery pack to output power at a more appropriate level during the activation period, avoiding power fluctuations caused by internal resistance changes and the state of charge of the battery, and improving the stability of power output; then, the voltage change characteristics from the activation period to the intermittent period reflect the state of the battery pack during the conversion between work and rest. By determining the duty cycle correction amount based on these characteristics and the preset safety threshold, the time allocation between the activation period and the intermittent period can be optimized. If the voltage changes abnormally, by adjusting the duty cycle, the battery pack can have a more reasonable working and resting time, thereby ensuring that the battery pack operates within a safe voltage range, reducing power fluctuations caused by voltage changes, and improving the stability and safety of the battery pack; finally, the activation period and the intermittent period are dynamically balanced and adjusted, combined with the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, which can make the working mode of the battery pack more scientific and reasonable. The closed-loop feedback mechanism can monitor the power output of the battery pack in real time and adjust the subsequent working mode in a timely manner according to the monitoring results. By adopting the above solution, the power fluctuation of the battery pack during atomization in the electronic cigarette can be reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0044] Figure 1 is an exemplary flowchart of a battery regulation method shown in some embodiments of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 is an exemplary flowchart of determining a dynamic impedance gradient shown in some embodiments of the present application;

[0046] Figure 3 is an exemplary voltage diagram of the activation period and the intermittent period of a battery pack shown in some embodiments of the present application;

[0047] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery regulation unit shown in some embodiments of the present application;

[0048] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device for implementing the battery regulation method shown in some embodiments of the present application. Detailed Embodiments

[0049] To better understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific embodiments.

[0050] Referring to Figure 1 , which is an exemplary flowchart of a battery regulation method shown in some embodiments of the present application. The battery regulation method 100 mainly includes the following steps:

[0051] In step 101, the output power of the battery pack for atomization is parsed based on the request signal during atomization of the electronic cigarette.

[0052] It should be noted that, first, the air pressure change inside the cigarette rod is monitored in real time through an air pressure sensor (such as a microelectromechanical system air pressure sensor) to obtain an air pressure signal. When the user inhales, the air pressure inside the cigarette rod drops rapidly, forming an obvious air pressure fluctuation. Then, a filtering technique (such as Kalman filtering) is used to preprocess the air pressure signal to remove noise interference (such as external air pressure change, vibration). An edge detection algorithm is used to process the preprocessed air pressure signal: a static air pressure reference value is set, and the instantaneous air pressure change amount (ΔP) is calculated in real time. When ΔP exceeds the preset inhalation recognition threshold (such as a drop exceeding 300 Pa), this air pressure signal is determined as a valid atomization request signal, and this atomization request signal is used as the request signal for the battery pack during atomization. Finally, according to the request signal, the hardware sampling module is triggered to start the synchronous acquisition of voltage and current data in the atomizer circuit.

[0053] In specific implementation, the voltage signal is connected to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) channel of the microcontroller (MCU) through a voltage divider circuit for sampling, and the current signal is connected to the ADC channel through a Hall current sensor to achieve synchronous sampling at the millisecond level. At each sampling moment, the instantaneous atomization output power is calculated using the classical electric power calculation formula P(t)=V(t)×I(t) in combination with the monitored voltage signal and current signal, so as to obtain the output power of the battery pack for atomization.

[0054] It should be noted that the output power in this application represents the output power of the battery pack when the electronic cigarette is atomizing, and can be used to analyze the working state of the battery pack of the electronic cigarette.

[0055] In step 102, the current working cycle of the battery pack for atomization is dynamically divided according to the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack.

[0056] In some embodiments, the dynamic division of the current working cycle of the battery pack for atomization according to the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack can be implemented by the following steps:

[0057] Obtain the preset power-time mapping relationship;

[0058] Judge the output power according to the power-time mapping relationship;

[0059] When the output power is continuously higher than the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and lasts for more than the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, it is marked as the start of the activation period. When the output power is lower than the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and maintains the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, it is marked as the start of the intermittent period, so as to determine the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack.

[0060] In specific implementation, first, obtain the preset power-time mapping relationship from the database corresponding to the electronic cigarette. The power-time mapping relationship represents the relationship between time and power when the electronic cigarette is in the working stage. The power-time mapping relationship includes a power threshold and a time window. Then, the time period from the start of the activation period to the start of the adjacent intermittent period is used as the activation period, and the time period from the start of the intermittent period to the start of the activation period in the next adjacent cycle is used as the intermittent period. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used to determine, which are not limited here.

[0061] It should be noted that the activation period in this application refers to the time period when the atomizer starts heating the heating chip and continuously outputs atomization power after the electronic cigarette detects the user's inhalation request. The interval stage refers to the time period when the atomizer stops heating and enters a low-power sleep or standby state after the user stops inhaling. At the same time, the battery voltage gradually recovers naturally during this period. If there is no inhalation action for a long time (for example, more than 1 minute), the device may enter deep sleep or shutdown mode.

[0062] In step 103, the voltage of the intermittent period is obtained, and the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process is determined based on the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period. The optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle is determined based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack.

[0063] It should be noted that the voltage during the intermittent period can be used to adjust the atomization working state of the electronic cigarette accordingly. Specifically, the voltage during the intermittent period can be extracted from the monitored voltage signal.

[0064] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , this figure is an exemplary flow chart for determining the dynamic impedance gradient in some embodiments of the present application. In this embodiment, the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process is determined according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, which can be implemented by the following steps:

[0065] First, in step 1031, the fluctuation characteristics of the voltage during the intermittent period are determined;

[0066] Secondly, in step 1032, a plurality of instantaneous changes of the internal resistance during the voltage recovery period in the intermittent period are determined according to the fluctuation characteristics;

[0067] Finally, in step 1033, the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process is determined through all instantaneous changes.

[0068] It should be noted that although the current is close to zero during the intermittent period, the voltage recovery is driven by the electrochemical reaction inside the battery. When the battery recovers the voltage, the relationship between the battery voltage and current and the internal resistance of the battery show a certain change trend. The change in the internal resistance of the battery is inferred by the voltage recovery characteristics, and the dynamic gradient of the internal resistance can be monitored and inferred.

[0069] In specific implementation, the following method can be used to determine the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, that is: arrange the voltages during the intermittent period in chronological order, use the obtained sequence as the voltage sequence, calculate the difference between each adjacent voltage in the voltage sequence, and use all the differences as the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, where the fluctuation characteristics represent the characteristics of the voltage change during the intermittent period; in other embodiments, other methods can also be used to determine, which are not limited here.

[0070] In addition, since the current during the intermittent period is close to zero, according to the series model: V = Voc - I * R, where V is the battery terminal voltage, I is the battery current (close to zero during the intermittent period), R is the internal resistance of the battery, and Voc is the open-circuit voltage of the battery, it can be inferred that the voltage change during the intermittent period can reflect the change of the battery internal resistance. Therefore, the instantaneous change value during the recovery process can be calculated based on the current data before discharge and combined with the voltage during the intermittent period; in specific implementation, the following method can be used to determine multiple instantaneous change amounts of the internal resistance during the recovery voltage period of the intermittent period according to the fluctuation characteristics, that is: record the battery terminal current value at the end of the activation period (i.e., the current data at the end of battery discharge), and calculate each instantaneous change amount of the internal resistance according to the formula ΔR = ΔV / I for each difference in the fluctuation characteristics and this current value, where ΔV is the difference in the fluctuation characteristics, I is the current value, and ΔR is the instantaneous change amount of the battery internal resistance, and the instantaneous change amount represents the parameter value of the change degree of the battery internal resistance during the voltage recovery stage of the electronic cigarette; in other embodiments, other methods can also be used to determine, which are not limited here.

[0071] In specific implementation, the following method can be used to determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process through all the instantaneous change amounts, that is: arrange all the instantaneous change amount values in chronological order of the corresponding time, use the obtained sequence as the instantaneous change amount sequence, perform local linear fitting on the instantaneous change amount sequence using locally weighted regression, calculate the slope of each fitted local curve, and use the sequence obtained by arranging all the slopes in chronological order as the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process; in other embodiments, other methods can also be used to determine, which are not limited here.

[0072] It should be noted that the dynamic impedance gradient in this application represents the rate of change of the internal resistance (internal resistance) of the battery pack of the electronic cigarette with time within the voltage recovery time range, and can be used to analyze the resistance situation during the intermittent period.

[0073] In some embodiments, the following steps can be used to determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack:

[0074] Obtain the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack;

[0075] Determine the maximum continuous discharge load level allowed for the battery pack in the current working cycle through the dynamic impedance gradient;

[0076] Determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the state of charge compensation coefficient and the maximum continuous discharge load level.

[0077] It should be noted that the dynamic impedance gradient reflects the internal health state and load recovery ability of the battery during the intermittent recovery process. The smaller the gradient, the lower the internal polarization degree of the battery and the better the load recovery ability, allowing for a longer continuous discharge; while the state of charge compensation coefficient is used to correct the influence of battery performance changes at different state of charge levels. Since the internal resistance and safe operating range of the battery are highly sensitive to the state of charge, by combining the maximum safe discharge load level deduced from the dynamic impedance gradient with the corrected load capacity of the battery, the discharge time that the battery can withstand in the next cycle can be dynamically and accurately predicted, thereby accurately setting the pulse width duration of the activation period, ensuring battery safety and improving the e-cigarette experience.

[0078] In addition, the state of charge compensation coefficient described in this application is an adjustment parameter used to correct the deviation between the actual state of charge (SOC) of the battery and the theoretical calculated value. The state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack at the current state of charge can be called from the battery pack control module. This coefficient is usually obtained through experimental calibration and is used to describe the adjustment range of the state of charge under the allowed load capacity of the battery.

[0079] When specifically implemented, determining the maximum continuous discharge load level allowed for the battery pack in the current working cycle through the dynamic impedance gradient can be achieved by the following method, that is: using an empirical formula (such as the linear relationship L = k×dR / dt + b, where L is the maximum continuous discharge load level, dR / dt is the dynamic impedance gradient, and k and b are fitting coefficients) obtained by fitting experimental data to calculate the maximum continuous discharge load level, and calculating the maximum continuous discharge load level that the battery can withstand in the current dynamic health state. Among them, the maximum continuous discharge load level represents the maximum power level that the battery pack can continuously output without interruption and without damaging its own performance; in other embodiments, other methods can also be used to determine it, which is not limited here.

[0080] In specific implementation, determining the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the state of charge compensation coefficient and the maximum continuous discharge load level can be achieved in the following manner: multiplying the maximum continuous discharge load level by the state of charge compensation coefficient to obtain the corrected maximum continuous discharge load level, establishing a mathematical model between the corrected maximum continuous discharge load level and the optimal pulse width duration based on a machine learning method (such as support vector regression (SVR)), collecting a large amount of experimental data, where the experimental data includes different maximum continuous discharge load levels and corresponding optimal pulse width durations, using these data as a training set, training this mathematical model through the training set, inputting the corrected maximum continuous discharge load level into the trained mathematical model, and the mathematical model will output the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used for determination, which are not limited here.

[0081] It should be noted that the optimal pulse width duration in this application represents the best effective activation time length for the battery pack to maintain the activation state (i.e., continuous discharge) in the next working cycle, which is the core reference value for judging whether the activation period in the next cycle can be appropriately extended, and is used to participate in adjusting the activation-intermittent duty ratio to improve the user experience while maintaining the system safety margin.

[0082] In step 104, determine the duty ratio correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers.

[0083] In some embodiments, determining the duty ratio correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers can be achieved by the following steps:

[0084] Obtain the preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers;

[0085] Determine multiple voltage recovery rates when the voltage of the battery pack recovers according to the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period;

[0086] Determine the instantaneous load margin level of the battery pack in the current working cycle through all the voltage recovery rates and the safety threshold;

[0087] Determine the additional load level of the battery pack according to the instantaneous load margin level;

[0088] Determine the duty ratio correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the additional load level.

[0089] It should be noted that when the battery enters the intermittent period after the activation discharge ends, the recovery speeds of internal polarization and concentration difference directly reflect the current health status and load-bearing capacity of the battery. The faster the voltage recovers, the smaller the internal polarization and the lower the internal resistance of the battery, indicating that it still has a strong load output capacity; the slower the recovery, the more deteriorated the battery state and the lower the bearing capacity. By setting a voltage recovery safety threshold obtained based on battery safety tests, the system can dynamically monitor the recovery rate during the voltage rise process and compare it with the safety threshold, thereby quantifying the additional load space that the battery pack can withstand under instantaneous conditions in the current cycle, that is, the instantaneous load margin level.

[0090] In addition, during the design and production stages of the battery pack, a safety threshold for voltage recovery is preset based on various factors such as the chemical characteristics of the battery, the use environment, and safety standards. This threshold is usually stored in the memory of the battery management system (BMS). When it is necessary to determine the instantaneous load margin level, the battery management system (BMS) directly reads the preset safety threshold from the memory, and this threshold serves as an important reference basis for subsequent judgment of the battery's load capacity.

[0091] In specific implementation, determining multiple voltage recovery rates during voltage recovery in the battery pack according to the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period can be achieved by the following method: extract all voltages when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period from the voltage signal, arrange all the extracted voltages in the order of acquisition time, and use the arranged sequence as the recovery voltage sequence. Calculate the difference between each adjacent voltage in the recovery voltage sequence using the first-order difference algorithm, and use all the differences as the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period, where the voltage change characteristics represent the characteristics of the voltage change when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period. Calculate the voltage change rate at each time point according to the voltage change characteristics (such as ΔV / Δt, where ΔV is the difference between adjacent voltages and Δt is the sampling interval time between adjacent voltages), thereby obtaining multiple voltage recovery rates during voltage recovery in the battery pack. The voltage recovery rate represents the speed at which the battery voltage rises per unit time. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used for determination, which are not limited here.

[0092] When specifically implemented, determining the instantaneous load margin level of the battery pack in the current working cycle based on all the voltage recovery rates and the safety threshold can be achieved in the following manner: establishing an association model between the instantaneous load margin level and the voltage recovery rate using a machine learning algorithm (such as support vector machine (SVM)), collecting a large amount of voltage recovery rates and corresponding battery load capacity data under different working conditions, dividing the data into a training set and a test set, training the association model using the training set, and adjusting the parameters of the association model (such as kernel function type, penalty factor) through the test set to enable the association model to accurately learn the mapping relationship between the voltage recovery rate and the battery load capacity. Inputting all the voltage recovery rates into the trained association model to obtain the load capacity of the battery pack at different moments, taking the ratio of the safety threshold to the load capacity corresponding to each moment as the instantaneous load margin at the corresponding moment, and taking all the instantaneous load margins as the instantaneous load margin level of the battery pack in the current working cycle; in other embodiments, it can also be determined in other ways, which are not limited here.

[0093] It should be noted that the instantaneous load margin level in this application represents the surplus degree of the current discharge capacity of the battery pack relative to the lower limit of safe operation, and can be used to measure whether the battery still has sufficient load-bearing capacity to handle subsequent discharge requests in the current state, thereby avoiding voltage drop, battery damage or safety hazards caused by overload.

[0094] It should be noted that when the voltage recovers quickly during the intermittent period after activation (i.e., the instantaneous load margin level is high), it indicates that the battery polarization degree is small, the internal resistance recovers quickly, and it still has strong load-bearing capacity. On the contrary, slow recovery indicates that the battery load is approaching the upper limit. Based on this, this margin level can be used as a feedback quantity to map out the duty cycle correction quantity after the current cycle, that is, adjusting the time ratio of the activation period to the intermittent period in the next cycle to achieve dynamic allocation of power consumption and load.

[0095] When specifically implemented, determining the additional load level of the battery pack based on the instantaneous load margin level can be achieved in the following manner: calculating the difference between each instantaneous load margin in the instantaneous load margin level and the standard load reference, and taking all the differences as the additional load level of the battery pack, where the additional load level represents the additional discharge capacity that the battery pack can safely bear relative to the standard load reference, and the standard load reference represents the reference load capacity that the battery can continuously output at a normal working temperature (such as 25°C), good health state (such as SoH = 100%) and within the rated working voltage range. In this embodiment, the standard load reference is 100%, and in other embodiments, it can also be implemented in other ways, which are not limited here.

[0096] In addition, there is an association between the duty cycle and the load. When the load increases, it is necessary to appropriately increase the proportion of the activation period (i.e., increase the duty cycle) to meet the load demand. Therefore, the duty cycle can be adjusted according to the additional load level. When specifically implemented, the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle can be determined according to the additional load level in the following manner, that is: call the internally set duty cycle tuning model (such as the linear gain coefficient method), input the additional load level into the duty cycle tuning model, and use the value output by the duty cycle tuning model as the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used to determine it, which is not limited here.

[0097] It should be noted that the duty cycle correction amount in this application represents the correction value for dynamically adjusting the ratio between the activation period and the intermittent period in the battery pack, and can be used to adjust the activation period and the intermittent period, so as to achieve the controllable extension ability of the output power working time.

[0098] In step 105, perform dynamic balance adjustment on the activation period and the intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and combine closed-loop feedback to suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power.

[0099] In some embodiments, performing dynamic balance adjustment on the activation period and the intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and combining closed-loop feedback to suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack can be implemented by the following steps:

[0100] Generate a new activation period adjustment value according to the optimal pulse width duration;

[0101] Adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack through the new activation period adjustment value, the duty cycle correction amount, and closed-loop feedback, so as to suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack.

[0102] When specifically implemented, generating a new activation period adjustment value according to the optimal pulse width duration can be achieved in the following manner, that is: use the linear regression algorithm with the historical optimal pulse width duration data as the independent variable and the corresponding activation period as the dependent variable to construct a linear regression model, input the current optimal pulse width duration into the model, and calculate the new activation period adjustment value through this model. Among them, the new activation period adjustment value represents the parameter value of the adjustment degree of the activation period in the next cycle. In other embodiments, other methods can also be used for generation, which is not limited here.

[0103] During specific implementation, the activation period and intermittent period of the next cycle of the battery pack are adjusted by combining the new activation period adjustment value and the duty cycle correction amount with closed-loop feedback, so as to suppress the atomization power fluctuation of the battery pack. The following method can be adopted, that is: an adaptive PID (Proportional-Integral-Differential) control algorithm is used. With the new activation period adjustment value as the set value, the current activation period as the feedback value, and the duty cycle correction amount as the control parameter, in the proportional link, according to the deviation between the activation period adjustment value and the current activation period, the activation period is quickly adjusted. The integral link eliminates the steady-state error to ensure that the final activation period can stably reach the adjustment value. The differential link predicts the change trend of the deviation and makes adjustments in advance to prevent excessive adjustment of the activation period. Then, according to the working cycle duration of the battery pack, the intermittent period is obtained by subtracting the adjusted activation period from the cycle duration. The adjustment information of the activation period and intermittent period is output through the control algorithm. Among them, the adjustment information represents the information about the adjustment degree of the activation period and intermittent period, and the adjustment information includes the adjustment value of the activation period, the adjustment value of the intermittent period, the adjustment amount of the duty cycle, and the time window adjustment information. The adjustment information is encoded into a control instruction and input into the embedded system. The embedded system controls the drive circuit of the battery pack according to the instruction, precisely controls the on-off time of the battery pack, realizes the control of the activation period and intermittent period, and thus completes the atomization work of the next cycle to suppress the atomization power fluctuation of the battery pack; in other embodiments, other control methods can also be adopted, which are not limited here.

[0104] It should be noted that this method dynamically divides the activation and intermittent periods by real-time analyzing the atomization output power of the battery pack, determines the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance based on the voltage fluctuation during the intermittent period, combines the state of charge compensation coefficient to obtain the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period, determines the duty cycle correction amount according to the voltage change characteristics and safety threshold, and dynamically balances and adjusts the working period of the battery pack; at the same time, compares the adjusted actual atomization power with the target power to form a closed-loop feedback, continuously corrects and optimizes the working period parameters, thereby suppressing the atomization power fluctuation of the battery pack and ensuring the stability of the output power to complete the suppression of the atomization power fluctuation of the battery pack.

[0105] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 as shown, this figure is an example diagram of the voltage of the activation period and intermittent period of the battery pack in some embodiments of the present application. As Figure 3 described, the straight-line area indicates that the battery is supplying power to the atomizer and the voltage drops, that is, the activation period, and the curved area indicates that the load stops and the voltage starts to recover, that is, the intermittent period.

[0106] In addition, on the other hand of the present application, in some embodiments, the present application provides a battery management system for an electronic cigarette. The battery management system of the electronic cigarette includes a battery regulation unit. Referring to Figure 4, This figure is a schematic structural diagram of a battery regulation unit shown according to some embodiments of the present application. The battery regulation unit 400 includes: an analysis module 401, a processing module 402, and an execution module 403, which are described as follows:

[0107] Analysis module 401. In the present application, the analysis module 401 is mainly used to analyze the output power of the battery pack atomization based on the request signal when the electronic cigarette atomizes.

[0108] Processing module 402. In the present application, the processing module 402 is used to dynamically divide the current working cycle of the battery pack atomization through the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack.

[0109] It should be noted that in the present application, the processing module 402 is further used to obtain the voltage during the intermittent period, determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state-of-charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack.

[0110] In addition, it should be noted that in the present application, the processing module 402 is further used to determine the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics when the activation period switches to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold when the voltage recovers in the battery pack.

[0111] Execution module 403. In the present application, the execution module 403 is mainly used to dynamically balance and adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack in combination with closed-loop feedback.

[0112] In addition, the present application also provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores code, and the processor is configured to obtain the code and execute the above battery regulation method.

[0113] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 , This figure is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device for implementing the battery regulation method shown according to some embodiments of the present application. The battery regulation method in the above embodiments can be implemented by Figure 5 the computer device shown. The computer device 500 includes at least one processor 501, a communication bus 502, a memory 503, and at least one communication interface 504.

[0114] The processor 501 can be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0115] The communication bus 502 can be used to transfer information among the above components.

[0116] The memory 503 can be a read-only memory (ROM), or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM), or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions. It can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), or other optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), a magnetic disk, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but not limited to this. The memory 503 can exist independently and be connected to the processor 501 through the communication bus 502. The memory 503 can also be integrated with the processor 501.

[0117] Among them, the memory 503 is used to store the program code for executing the solution of this application and is controlled by the processor 501 to execute. The processor 501 is used to execute the program code stored in the memory 503. The program code can include one or more software modules. The methods used in the above embodiments can be implemented by one or more software modules in the program code in the processor 501 and the memory 503.

[0118] The communication interface 504, using any device such as a transceiver, is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc.

[0119] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, a computer device may include multiple processors, and each of these processors may be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor. The processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

[0120] The above computer device may be a general-purpose computer device or a special-purpose computer device. In a specific implementation, the computer device may be a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, a communication device, or an embedded device. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the type of the computer device.

[0121] In addition, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above battery control method is implemented.

[0122] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications once they learn the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0123] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A battery regulation method for regulating a battery by a battery management system of an electronic cigarette, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Analyze the output power of the battery pack for atomization based on the request signal during the atomization of the electronic cigarette; Dynamically divide the current working cycle of the battery pack for atomization through the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack; Obtain the voltage during the intermittent period, determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period in the next cycle of the battery pack based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack; Determine the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period in the next cycle of the battery pack according to the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold during the voltage recovery of the battery pack; Dynamically balance and adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack by combining closed-loop feedback.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Dynamically dividing the current working cycle of the battery pack for atomization through the output power and the preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack specifically includes: Obtain the preset power-time mapping relationship; Judge the output power according to the power-time mapping relationship; When the output power is continuously higher than the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and lasts for more than the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, mark it as the start of the activation period. When the output power is lower than the power threshold in the power-time mapping relationship and maintains the time window in the power-time mapping relationship, mark it as the start of the intermittent period, so as to determine the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein Determining the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period specifically includes: Determine the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period; Determine multiple instantaneous change amounts of the internal resistance during the voltage recovery period of the intermittent period according to the fluctuation characteristics; Determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process through all the instantaneous change amounts.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Determining the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period in the next cycle of the battery pack based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack specifically includes: Obtain the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack; Determine the maximum continuous discharge load level allowed for the battery pack in the current working cycle through the dynamic impedance gradient; Determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period in the next cycle of the battery pack according to the state of charge compensation coefficient and the maximum continuous discharge load level.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Determining the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period in the next cycle of the battery pack according to the voltage change characteristics when switching from the activation period to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold during the voltage recovery of the battery pack specifically includes: Obtain the preset safety threshold during the voltage recovery of the battery pack; Determine multiple voltage recovery rates when the voltage of the battery pack recovers according to the voltage change characteristics during the conversion from the activation period to the intermittent period; Determine the instantaneous load margin level of the battery pack in the current working cycle through all the voltage recovery rates and the safety threshold; Determine the additional load level of the battery pack according to the instantaneous load margin level; Determine the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the additional load level; 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein Dynamically balance and adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and combine closed-loop feedback to suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack, which specifically includes: Generate a new activation period adjustment value according to the optimal pulse width duration; Adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle through the new activation period adjustment value and the duty cycle correction amount, and combine closed-loop feedback to suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The power-time mapping relationship includes a power threshold and a time window.

8. A battery management system for an electronic cigarette, the battery management system of the electronic cigarette comprising a battery regulation unit, characterized in that, The battery control unit includes: An analysis module, configured to analyze the output power of the battery pack atomization based on a request signal when the electronic cigarette atomizes; A processing module, configured to dynamically divide the current working cycle of the battery pack atomization through the output power and a preset power-time mapping relationship to obtain the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack; The processing module is further configured to obtain the voltage of the intermittent period, determine the dynamic impedance gradient of the internal resistance of the battery pack during the voltage recovery process according to the voltage fluctuation characteristics during the intermittent period, and determine the optimal pulse width duration of the activation period of the battery pack in the next cycle based on the dynamic impedance gradient and the preset state of charge compensation coefficient of the battery pack; The processing module is further configured to determine the duty cycle correction amount between the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the voltage change characteristics during the conversion from the activation period to the intermittent period and the preset safety threshold when the voltage of the battery pack recovers; An execution module, configured to dynamically balance and adjust the activation period and the intermittent period of the battery pack in the next cycle according to the optimal pulse width duration and the duty cycle correction amount, and combine closed-loop feedback to suppress the fluctuation of the atomization power of the battery pack.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores code, and the processor is configured to obtain the code and execute the battery control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the battery control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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