Switching system for laser mixing and cutting machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of laser cutting, and discloses a switching system for a laser mixing and cutting machine, which comprises an identification module, the identification module is provided with an image acquisition device, the image acquisition device is used for acquiring an image of a material processed by the laser mixing and cutting machine, and the identification module is connected with a processing module. The processing module is internally provided with different laser mixed cutting processing flows and processing systems, is used for carrying out laser processing on a workpiece material, and is connected with a switching module; and the switching module is used for switching and adjusting each module in the processing module according to the type of the material, the completion progress of the current processing module and the real-time environment parameters. According to the method, intelligent identification and parameter matching of material types are realized through image acquisition equipment and a material characteristic quantification formula in combination with real-time surface texture spectrum and microstructure spectrum characteristics, and the problem of processing parameter mismatching caused by manual misjudgment is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, and specifically to a switching system for a laser hybrid cutting machine. Background Art

[0002] The switching system for a laser hybrid cutting machine belongs to the technical field of high-precision laser processing equipment, and is mainly used for the rapid switching and coupling control of multi-mode lasers (continuous wave / pulse / ultra-fast laser) in industrial scenarios such as metals, semiconductors, and composite materials. It is the core functional module for realizing multi-process composite processing such as laser drilling, precision cutting, and surface treatment.

[0003] During the use of a common laser hybrid cutting machine, different processing modules are usually required, including a laser cutting module, a laser engraving module, a laser welding module, and a laser cleaning module. And during the processes of different technologies, different processing modules are switched to achieve the effect of laser hybrid cutting.

[0004] Considering that during the use of the existing laser hybrid cutting machine, during the cutting process, different materials need to be used, such as metal materials or non-metal materials. And the existing laser hybrid cutting machine usually requires workers to make judgments and adjustments to change the processing parameters of the laser hybrid cutting machine. Once the workers make misjudgments, it will lead to processing problems of the laser hybrid cutting machine and cause damage to the materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a switching system for a laser hybrid cutting machine, which solves the problems that the existing laser hybrid cutting machine relies on manual judgment of the material type and dynamically adjusts parameters, has a risk of misjudgment, and is prone to incorrect matching of processing parameters and cause material damage.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A switching system for a laser hybrid cutting machine includes an identification module. The identification module is provided with an image acquisition device, which collects the material image processed by the laser hybrid cutting machine through the image acquisition device. A processing module is connected to the identification module. Different laser hybrid processing processes and processing systems are set in the processing module for laser processing of workpiece materials. A switching module is connected to the processing module, and the switching module switches and adjusts each module in the processing module according to the type of material, the completion progress of the current processing module, and the real-time environmental parameters.

[0007] Preferably, the switching module includes a calculation and determination module. A dynamic threshold module is connected to the calculation and determination module. A switching selection module is connected to the calculation and determination module, and the switching selection module is connected to the processing module.

[0008] Preferably, in the calculation and determination module, the current material is analyzed through an algorithm to accurately determine the material type and processing parameter requirements, providing a quantifiable basis for subsequent threshold calculation and path selection, thereby laying a foundation for the subsequent switching of the processing module. The algorithm includes:

[0009] Step 1: Material feature quantification formula

[0010] Input: The material surface texture spectral data G(x, y) and thickness reflectivity R obtained by the image recognition module;

[0011] Output: Material type classification M ∈ {metal, non-metal}, processing difficulty coefficient K diff ;

[0012]

[0013] Wherein:

[0014] λ i represents the preset material spectrum feature weight; FFT represents the preset material surface microstructure spectrum characteristics; θ m represents the metal / non-metal classification threshold; α, β, γ represent weight coefficients; entropy represents the image texture complexity.

[0015] Preferably, in the dynamic threshold module, a dynamic threshold calculation formula is set. According to the material characteristics and real-time energy fluctuations, the sensitivity and response speed of the switching decision are dynamically adjusted to ensure that the threshold tolerance is relaxed during high-difficulty processing and the restrictions are tightened when the laser is unstable. The specific dynamic threshold calculation formula is as follows:

[0016] Input: M, K diff、 Real-time laser energy fluctuation ΔE;

[0017] Output: Allowable maximum power deviation P th , switching response time threshold T th ;

[0018]

[0019] ·P base : Basic power threshold (provided by the material database);

[0020] E max : Maximum allowable energy offset of the laser;

[0021] T metal / T non-metal : Standard response time benchmark for metal / non-metal.

[0022] Preferably, the switching selection module adopts a hierarchical judgment strategy based on the material type M and the threshold comparison result: Condition priority: 1. Material mutation first: IF M current ≠M last → Immediately switch to the corresponding processing chain; 2. Exceeding the threshold second: ELSE IF |P - P target |≥P th OR t delay ≥T th → Trigger the backup path; 3. Normal processing guarantee: ELSE → Maintain the current module.

[0023] Preferably, the processing module includes a metal cutting module that uses a high - power laser to cut metal plates. The parameters of the high - power laser are a laser power of 500W - 6kW and a cutting speed of 2.5m / min; A metal welding module is connected to the metal cutting module, and the metal welding module welds metal components by laser deep penetration welding. The parameters of the laser deep penetration welding are specifically a heating temperature of 1600 - 1800°C and a heating time of 3 - 50ms.

[0024] Preferably, a metal engraving module is connected to the metal welding module. The metal engraving module engraves metal workpieces. The engraving depth of the metal engraving module is specifically ±5μm, the engraving depth is 10 - 100μm, and the minimum line width is 20μm. A metal cleaning module is connected to the metal engraving module. The pulse width in the metal cleaning module is 10 - 100ns, the cleaning efficiency is 50cm 2 / min, and the surface roughness change is ≤0.1μm.

[0025] Preferably, the processing module further includes a non - metal cutting module. The non - metal cutting module cuts plastics / woods based on CO 2 laser at low temperature, with a laser power of 80 - 300W and a cutting speed of 8m / min. A non - metal welding module is connected to the non - metal cutting module. The non - metal welding module bonds plastic parts by transmission welding, with a heating temperature of 200 - 240°C and a welding pressure of 20 - 80N / cm 2 and a welding time of 0.1 - 3s.

[0026] Preferably, a non - metal engraving module is connected to the non - metal welding module. The non - metal engraving module engraves non - metal workpieces. The engraving depth of the non - metal engraving module is specifically 50 - 200μm, the engraving depth is 1 - 5mm, and the minimum line width is 8μm.

[0027] Preferably, a non - metal cleaning module is connected to the non - metal engraving module. The pulse width of the non - metal cleaning module is 5 - 15ns and the cleaning efficiency is 80cm2 / min, and the surface roughness change is ≤ 0.2 μm.

[0028] The present invention provides a switching system for a laser hybrid cutting machine. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. Through the image acquisition device and the material feature quantification formula, the present invention combines the real-time surface texture spectrum and the microscopic structure spectrum characteristics to realize the intelligent identification of material types and parameter matching, and overcome the problem of incorrect matching of processing parameters caused by manual misjudgment.

[0030] 2. Based on the dynamic threshold calculation formula, the present invention combines the laser energy fluctuation and the reference parameters of the material database in real time, and dynamically adjusts the power deviation tolerance and the response time threshold to ensure the robustness of the switching decision in the scenarios of laser instability or material mutation, including metal inlaid plastic parts, and avoid shutdown or overloading ablation.

[0031] 3. The present invention uses an intelligent decision-making mechanism to handle emergencies. By setting the first priority, the second priority and the guarantee mode, it corrects the power offset and the path deviation in real time, reduces the probability of failure, and ensures the stable operation of high-precision composite processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is the system flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment:

[0035] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a switching system for a laser hybrid cutting machine, including an identification module. The identification module is provided with an image acquisition device, which collects the material image processed by the laser hybrid cutting machine through the image acquisition device. A processing module is connected to the identification module, and different laser hybrid cutting processes and processing systems are set in the processing module for laser processing of workpiece materials. A switching module is connected to the processing module, and the switching module switches and adjusts each module in the processing module according to the type of material, the completion progress of the current processing module, and the real-time environmental parameters;

[0036] The switching module includes a calculation and determination module, which is connected to a dynamic threshold module, and the calculation and determination module is connected to a switching selection module, and the switching selection module is connected to the processing module;

[0037] In the calculation and determination module, the current material is analyzed through an algorithm to accurately determine the material type and processing parameter requirements, providing a quantifiable basis for subsequent threshold calculation and path selection, thereby providing a foundation for the subsequent switching of the processing module. The algorithm includes:

[0038] Step 1: Material feature quantization formula

[0039] Input: The surface texture spectral data G(x,y) and thickness reflectivity R of the material obtained by the image recognition module;

[0040] Output: Material type classification M ∈ {metal, non-metal}, processing difficulty coefficient K diff ;

[0041]

[0042] Among them:

[0043] λ i represents the preset material spectrum feature weight; FFT represents the preset material surface microstructure spectrum characteristics; θ m represents the metal / non-metal classification threshold; α, β, γ represent weight coefficients; entropy represents the image texture complexity;

[0044] In the dynamic threshold module, a dynamic threshold calculation formula is set. According to the material characteristics and real-time energy fluctuations, the sensitivity and response speed of the switching decision are dynamically adjusted to ensure that the threshold tolerance is relaxed during high-difficulty processing and the restrictions are tightened when the laser is unstable. The specific dynamic threshold calculation formula is:

[0045] Input: M, K diff、 Real-time laser energy fluctuation ΔE;

[0046] Output: Allowable maximum power deviation P th , switching response time threshold T th ;

[0047]

[0048] ·P base : Basic power threshold (provided by the material database);

[0049] E max : Maximum allowable energy offset of the laser;

[0050] T metal / T non-metal: Standard response time benchmark for metal / non-metal;

[0051] The switching selection module adopts a hierarchical judgment strategy based on the material type M and the threshold comparison result:

[0052] Condition priority:

[0053] 1. Material mutation takes precedence:

[0054] IFM current ≠M last → Immediately switch to the corresponding processing chain

[0055] 2. Exceeding the threshold comes second:

[0056] ELSE IF|P - P target |≥P th ORt delay ≥T th → Trigger the backup path

[0057] 3. Normal processing as a guarantee:

[0058] ELSE → Maintain the current module

[0059] The processing module includes a metal cutting module that uses a high-power laser to cut metal plates. The parameters of the high-power laser are a laser power of 500W - 6kW and a cutting speed of 2.5m / min. A metal welding module is connected to the metal cutting module, and the metal welding module welds metal parts by laser deep penetration welding. The parameters of the laser deep penetration welding are specifically a heating temperature of 1600 - 1800°C and a heating time of specifically 3 - 50ms. A metal engraving module is connected to the metal welding module, and the metal engraving module engraves metal workpieces. The engraving depth of the metal engraving module is specifically ±5μm, the engraving depth is 10 - 100μm, and the minimum line width is 20μm. A metal cleaning module is connected to the metal engraving module, and the pulse width in the metal cleaning module is 10 - 100ns, the cleaning efficiency is 50cm 2 / min, and the surface roughness change is ≤0.1μm;

[0060] The processing module also includes a non-metal cutting module that cuts plastics / woods based on CO 2 laser low-temperature cutting, with a laser power of 80 - 300W and a cutting speed of 8m / min. A non-metal welding module is connected to the non-metal cutting module, and the non-metal welding module bonds plastic parts by transmission welding, with a heating temperature of 200 - 240°C and a welding pressure of 20 - 80N / cm 2, the welding time is 0.1 - 3 s. A non-metal engraving module is connected to the non-metal welding module. The non-metal engraving module performs engraving processing on non-metal workpieces. The engraving depth of the non-metal engraving module is specifically 50 - 200 μm, the engraving depth is 1 - 5 mm, and the minimum line width is 8 μm. A non-metal cleaning module is connected to the non-metal engraving module. The pulse width of the non-metal cleaning module is 5 - 15 ns, the cleaning efficiency is 80 cm 2 / min, and the surface roughness change is ≤0.2 μm.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A switching system for a laser cutting machine, including an identification module, characterized in that: The recognition module is provided with an image acquisition device, through which the image of the material processed by the laser mixing cutting machine is acquired. The recognition module is connected to a processing module, in which different laser mixing cutting processing processes and processing systems are provided for laser processing of the workpiece material. The processing module is connected to a switching module, and the switching module switches and adjusts each module in the processing module according to the type of material, the completion progress of the current processing module and the real-time environmental parameters.

2. The switching system for laser hybrid cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching module comprises a calculation and determination module, to which a dynamic threshold module is connected, and to which a switching selection module is connected, and the switching selection module is connected to a processing module.

3. The switching system for laser hybrid cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation and determination module uses an algorithm to analyze the current material, accurately determine the material type and processing parameter requirements, and provide a quantifiable basis for subsequent threshold calculation and path selection, thereby providing a basis for subsequent processing module switching. The algorithm includes: Step 1: Material Characterization Quantification Formula Input: Material surface texture spectrum data G(x,y) and thickness reflectivity R obtained by the image recognition module; Output: Material type classification M∈{metal, non-metal}, processing difficulty coefficient K diff ; in: λ i represents the preset material spectrum characteristic weight; FFT represents the preset material surface microstructure spectrum characteristics; θ m represents the metal / non-metal classification threshold; α, β, γ represent weight coefficients; entropy represents the complexity of image texture.

4. The switching system for laser hybrid cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dynamic threshold module is provided with a dynamic threshold calculation formula, which dynamically adjusts the sensitivity and response speed of the switching decision according to the material characteristics and real-time energy fluctuations, ensures that the threshold tolerance is relaxed during difficult processing, and tightens the limit when the laser is unstable. The dynamic threshold calculation formula is specifically: Input: M, K diff、 Real-time laser energy fluctuation ΔE; Output: Maximum allowable power deviation P th , Switching response time threshold T th ; ·P base : Basic power threshold (provided by the material database); E max : Maximum allowable energy deviation of the laser; T metal / T non-metal : Standard response time benchmark for metal / non-metal.

5. The switching system for laser hybrid cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switching selection module adopts a hierarchical judgment strategy based on the material type M and the threshold comparison result: Condition priority:

1. Material mutation priority: IFM current ≠M last →Immediately switch to the corresponding processing chain; 2. Next is the super threshold: ELSE IF|PP target |≥P th O delay ≥T th →Trigger the backup path; 3. Normal processing guarantee: ELSE→Maintain the current module.

6. The switching system for laser hybrid cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing module includes a metal cutting module, which uses a high-power laser to cut metal plates. The parameters of the high-power laser are laser power of 500W-6kW and cutting speed of 2.5m / min. The metal cutting module is connected to a metal welding module, which welds metal parts by laser deep fusion welding. The parameters of the laser deep fusion welding are specifically a heating temperature of 1600-1800°C and a heating time of 3-50ms.

7. The switching system for laser hybrid cutting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The metal welding module is connected to a metal engraving module, which performs engraving processing on metal workpieces. The engraving depth of the metal engraving module is specifically ±5μm, the engraving depth is 10-100μm, and the minimum line width is 20μm. The metal engraving module is connected to a metal cleaning module, and the pulse width in the metal cleaning module is 10-100ns, and the cleaning efficiency is 50cm 2 / min, the surface roughness change is ≤0.1μm.

8. The switching system for a laser hybrid cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing module also includes a non-metallic cutting module, which is based on CO2 laser low-temperature cutting of plastic / wood, with a laser power of 80-300W and a cutting speed of 8m / min. The non-metallic cutting module is connected to a non-metallic welding module, which bonds plastic parts by transmission welding, with a heating temperature of 200-240°C and a welding pressure of 20-80N / cm 2 , welding time is 0.1-3s.

9. The switching system for a laser hybrid cutting machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The non-metallic welding module is connected to a non-metallic engraving module, and the non-metallic engraving module performs engraving processing on the non-metallic workpiece. The engraving depth of the non-metallic engraving module is specifically 50-200 μm, the engraving depth is 1-5 mm, and the minimum line width is 8 μm.

10. The switching system for laser hybrid cutting machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The non-metal engraving module is connected to a non-metal cleaning module, the pulse width of the non-metal cleaning module is 5-15ns, and the cleaning efficiency is 80cm 2 / min, surface roughness change is ≤0.2μm.

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