High-strength silver solder and production process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-strength silver brazing filler metal and a production process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of brazing materials, and the high-strength silver brazing filler metal is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 9.5 to 10.0 weight percent of Ag, 54.2 to 57.7 weight percent of Cu, 0.08 to 0.13 weight percent of Ce, 0.3 to 0.43 weight percent of In, 0.05 to 0.08 weight percent of Sn, 0.1 to 0.5 weight percent of Y, 0.1 to 0.18 weight percent of Zr and the balance of Zn. By means of the mode, the low-silver cadmium-free brazing filler metal is good in wettability and spreading performance on red copper, H62 brass, Q235 steel and 304 stainless steel, the mechanical strength of brazed joints on the red copper-H62 brass, the brass-Q235 steel and the brass-304 stainless steel is obviously improved, and the application requirements for good wettability and spreading performance and high strength can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of brazing materials, and particularly relates to a high-strength silver brazing filler metal and its production process. Background Art

[0002] Adding Cd element to silver brazing filler metal is beneficial to reducing the solid-liquid phase line temperature and melting temperature range of the silver brazing filler metal, and improving the wetting and spreading properties of the silver brazing filler metal on the base material. However, since the Cd-containing silver brazing filler metal generates smoke during the brazing process and seriously harms the physical health of welding personnel after being inhaled by the human body, at present, the use of Cd element is clearly restricted (for example, the American standard AWS A5.8 / A5.8M: 2004 Table 1 requires that the Cd content is lower than 0.15%).

[0003] CN106624427B discloses a low-melting-point low-cadmium silver brazing filler metal with excellent wetting properties, comprising: 24.0 - 26.0 wt% of Ag, 30.0 - 41.0 wt% of Cu, 0.05 - 0.13 wt% of Cd, 0.001 - 0.005 wt% of In, 0.001 - 0.005 wt% of Ga, 0.001 - 0.005 wt% of Sn, and the balance being Zn. It has good wetting and spreading properties and the mechanical properties of the brazed joint.

[0004] However, although it reduces the content of low-melting-point elements Sn, Ga, and In, the Ag content is relatively high and it still contains Cd. Therefore, developing a new type of low-silver and cadmium-free brazing filler metal to meet the requirements of industrial production for its wetting properties, spreading properties, and the mechanical properties of the brazed joint has become a difficult problem in the research of silver brazing filler metals.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention designs a high-strength silver brazing filler metal and its production process to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-strength silver brazing filler metal and its production process.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high-strength silver brazing filler metal is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 9.5 - 10.0 wt% of Ag, 54.2 - 57.7 wt% of Cu, 0.08 - 0.13 wt% of Ce, 0.3 - 0.43 wt% of In, 0.05 - 0.08 wt% of Sn, 0.1 - 0.5 wt% of Y, 0.1 - 0.18 wt% of Zr, and the balance being Zn.

[0009] Further, the mass ratio of Ce to In is 0.09 - 0.10:0.35 - 0.39.

[0010] Further, the mass ratio of Sn to Y is 0.06 - 0.08:0.20 - 0.38.

[0011] Further, the component Ag of the silver brazing filler metal is silver ingot.

[0012] Further, the component Cu of the silver brazing filler metal is electrolytic copper.

[0013] Further, the component Ce of the silver brazing filler metal is metallic cerium.

[0014] Further, the component In of the silver brazing filler metal is metallic indium.

[0015] Further, the component Sn of the silver brazing filler metal is tin ingot.

[0016] Further, the component Y of the silver brazing filler metal is metallic yttrium.

[0017] Further, the component Zr of the silver brazing filler metal is metallic zirconium powder.

[0018] Further, the component Zn of the silver brazing filler metal is metallic zinc powder.

[0019] To better achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention also provides a production process of a high-strength silver brazing filler metal. The preparation method is as follows: Weigh each component according to the mass percentage. Under the protection of inert gas, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting. The frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace is controlled at 40 - 50 kW. Then add Cu and Ag, and the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace is controlled at 30 - 40 kW. Then add Ce and Zn, and continue heating until all the metals are melted. Then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 8 - 10 kW, and then add In and Sn, and fully stir until all the metals are melted. Then pour it into a steel mold to obtain an ingot. Finally, extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2 - 2.5 mm, and then the high-strength silver brazing filler metal is obtained.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The low-silver and cadmium-free brazing filler metal of the present invention has good wetting performance and spreading performance on red copper, H62 brass, Q235 steel and 304 stainless steel, and the mechanical strength of the brazed joints on red copper - H62 brass, brass - Q235 steel, brass - 304 stainless steel is significantly improved, which can meet the application requirements of good wetting performance, spreading performance and high strength. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1: Weigh each component: 9.5 wt% silver ingot, 54.2 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.08 wt% cerium metal, 0.3 wt% indium metal, 0.05 wt% tin ingot, 0.1 wt% yttrium metal, 0.1 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the protection of inert gas, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for smelting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 40 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 30 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue heating until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 8 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2 mm to obtain a high-strength silver brazing filler metal.

[0023] Example 2: In some embodiments, weigh each component: 9.6 wt% silver ingot, 54.5 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.10 wt% cerium metal, 0.3 wt% indium metal, 0.07 wt% tin ingot, 0.1 wt% yttrium metal, 0.15 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the protection of inert gas, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for smelting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 42 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 40 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue heating until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 9 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2.5 mm to obtain a high-strength silver brazing filler metal.

[0024] Example 3: In some embodiments, weigh each component: 9.7 wt% silver ingot, 55.0 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.10 wt% cerium metal, 0.35 wt% indium metal, 0.06 wt% tin ingot, 0.2 wt% yttrium metal, 0.18 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the condition of inert gas protection, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 43 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 39 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue heating until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 10 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2 mm to obtain a high-strength silver brazing filler metal.

[0025] Example 4: In some embodiments, weigh each component: 9.8 wt% silver ingot, 55.5 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.09 wt% cerium metal, 0.39 wt% indium metal, 0.08 wt% tin ingot, 0.38 wt% yttrium metal, 0.17 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the condition of inert gas protection, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 44 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 38 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue heating until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 8 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2.5 mm to obtain a high-strength silver brazing filler metal.

[0026] Example 5: In some embodiments, weigh each component: 9.9 wt% silver ingot, 56.0 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.13 wt% cerium metal, 0.36 wt% indium metal, 0.07 wt% tin ingot, 0.4 wt% yttrium metal, 0.16 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the condition of inert gas protection, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 45 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 37 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue heating until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 10 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2 mm to obtain a high-strength silver brazing filler metal.

[0027] Example 6: In some embodiments, the following components are weighed: 10.0 wt% silver ingot, 56.5 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.12 wt% cerium metal, 0.38 wt% indium metal, 0.06 wt% tin ingot, 0.4 wt% yttrium metal, 0.15 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the protection of inert gas, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 46 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 36 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue heating until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 9 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2.5 mm to obtain a high-strength silver brazing filler metal.

[0028] Example 7: In some embodiments, the following components are weighed: 9.6 wt% silver ingot, 57.0 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.11 wt% cerium metal, 0.40 wt% indium metal, 0.08 wt% tin ingot, 0.5 wt% yttrium metal, 0.14 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the protection of inert gas, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 47 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 35 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue heating until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 8 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2 mm to obtain a high-strength silver brazing filler metal.

[0029] Example 8: In some embodiments, the following components are weighed: 9.6 wt% silver ingot, 57.5 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.10 wt% cerium metal, 0.42 wt% indium metal, 0.07 wt% tin ingot, 0.15 wt% yttrium metal, 0.13 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the protection of inert gas, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 48 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 34 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue heating until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 10 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2.5 mm to obtain a high-strength silver brazing filler metal.

[0030] Example 9: In some embodiments, the following components are weighed: 9.6 wt% silver ingot, 57.7 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.09 wt% cerium metal, 0.43 wt% indium metal, 0.06 wt% tin ingot, 0.25 wt% yttrium metal, 0.12 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the protection of inert gas, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 49 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 32 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue heating until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 9 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2 mm to obtain a high-strength silver brazing filler metal.

[0031] Example 10: In some embodiments, the following components are weighed: 9.6 wt% silver ingot, 56.7 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.08 wt% cerium metal, 0.38 wt% indium metal, 0.05 wt% tin ingot, 0.35 wt% yttrium metal, 0.1 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the protection of inert gas, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 50 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 30 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue heating until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 8 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2.5 mm to obtain a high-strength silver brazing filler metal.

[0032] Comparative Example 1: Weigh the following components: 9.7 wt% silver ingot, 55.0 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.03 wt% cerium metal, 0.5 wt% indium metal, 0.06 wt% tin ingot, 0.2 wt% yttrium metal, 0.18 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the protection of inert gas, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 43 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 39 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue heating until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 10 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2 mm to obtain a silver brazing filler metal.

[0033] Comparative Example 2: Weigh each component: 9.7 wt% silver ingot, 55.0 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.10 wt% cerium metal, 0.35 wt% indium metal, 0.15 wt% tin ingot, 0.05 wt% yttrium metal, 0.18 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the condition of inert gas protection, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 43 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 39 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue to heat until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 10 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2 mm to obtain the silver brazing filler metal.

[0034] Comparative Example 3: Weigh each component: 9.7 wt% silver ingot, 55.0 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.10 wt% cerium metal, 0.35 wt% indium metal, 0.06 wt% tin ingot, 0.2 wt% yttrium metal, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the condition of inert gas protection, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 43 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 39 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue to heat until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 10 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2 mm to obtain the silver brazing filler metal.

[0035] Comparative Example 4: Weigh each component: 20 wt% silver ingot, 55.0 wt% electrolytic copper, 0.10 wt% cerium metal, 0.35 wt% indium metal, 0.06 wt% tin ingot, 0.2 wt% yttrium metal, 0.18 wt% zirconium metal powder, and the balance is zinc metal powder. Under the condition of inert gas protection, first add Zr and Y into the intermediate frequency smelting furnace for melting, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 43 kW, then add Cu and Ag, control the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace at 39 kW, then add Ce and Zn, continue to heat until all the metals are melted, then lower the frequency of the intermediate frequency furnace to 10 kW, then add In and Sn, fully stir until all the metals are melted, then pour into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally extrude and draw the ingot into a wire with a diameter of 2 mm to obtain the silver brazing filler metal.

[0036] Experimental Example: The following performance tests were carried out on the silver brazing filler metals of Examples 3 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4:

[0037] Wettability of the brazing filler metal: GB 11364-2008;

[0038] Strength of the brazed joint: GB 11363-2008.

[0039] Table 1 Performance Test Results

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] The low-silver and cadmium-free filler metal of the present invention has good wetting and spreading properties on copper, H62 brass, Q235 steel and 304 stainless steel, and the mechanical strength of the brazed joints on copper-H62 brass, brass-Q235 steel and brass-304 stainless steel is significantly improved, which can meet the application requirements of good wetting and spreading properties and high strength.

[0043] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements will not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-strength silver solder, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following components in weight percentage: 9.5-10.0wt% of Ag, 54.2-57.7wt% of Cu, 0.08-0.13wt% of Ce, 0.3-0.43wt% of In, 0.05-0.08wt% of Sn, 0.1-0.5wt% of Y, 0.1-0.18wt% of Zr, and the balance is Zn.

2. The high-strength silver solder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Ce to In is 0.09-0.10:0.35-0.

39.

3. The high-strength silver solder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Sn to Y is 0.06-0.08:0.20-0.

38.

4. The high-strength silver solder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component Cu of the silver solder is electrolytic copper.

5. The high-strength silver solder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component Ce of the silver solder is metal cerium.

6. The high-strength silver solder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component In of the silver solder is metal indium.

7. The high-strength silver solder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component Sn of the silver solder is tin ingot.

8. The high-strength silver solder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component Y of the silver solder is metal yttrium.

9. The high-strength silver solder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component Zr of the silver solder is metal zirconium powder.

10. A process for producing a high-strength silver solder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The preparation method is as follows: each component is weighed according to the mass percentage, and under the protection of inert gas, Zr and Y are first added into a medium frequency smelting furnace for smelting, the frequency of the medium frequency furnace is controlled at 40-50kW, and then Cu and Ag are added, the frequency of the medium frequency furnace is controlled at 30-40kW, and then Ce and Zn are added, and heating is continued until all the metals are melted, and then the frequency of the medium frequency furnace is lowered to 8-10kW, and then In and Sn are added, and fully stirred until all the metals are melted, and then poured into a steel mold to obtain an ingot, and finally the ingot is extruded and drawn into a welding wire with a diameter of 2-2.5mm to obtain a high-strength silver solder.

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