A fixture and method for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fixture and a method for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder end, belonging to the technical field of machine tool fixtures. The fixture of the present invention includes a fixture body, which is of a cylindrical structure, one end of which extends into the cylinder interior and has a gap with the inner wall of the cylinder. The fixture body has an inner cavity. A plurality of groove structures are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the end portion extending into the cylinder interior. Liquid outlet holes are provided in the groove structures, and the liquid outlet holes are communicated with the inner cavity of the fixture body; a magnetorheological fluid supply assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the fixture body for supplying magnetorheological fluid into each groove structure or withdrawing the magnetorheological fluid from each groove structure; an electromagnetic regulation module is arranged at one end of the fixture body away from the cylinder for causing the magnetorheological fluid to change between a solid state and a liquid state. By utilizing the characteristic that the magnetorheological fluid changes from a liquid phase to a solid phase under a magnetic field, the present invention reduces the influence of the large roughness at the cylinder end, realizes the accurate centering of the cylinder and the umbrella-shaped center tip, and thus improves the problem of out-of-tolerance coaxiality caused by cylinder eccentricity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machine tool fixtures, and particularly relates to a fixture and method for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end. Background Art

[0002] In modern manufacturing, the cylinder barrel, as an important mechanical component, is widely used in hydraulic cylinders and various mechanical equipment. Therefore, the machining quality of the cylinder barrel directly affects the overall performance and service life of the hydraulic cylinder. In the machining process of the slender cylinder barrel, ensuring the coaxiality of its end is a key technical problem.

[0003] The traditional cylinder barrel machining process usually includes inner diameter machining and end interface machining. After the inner diameter machining is completed, since the rolling step cannot machine the end of the cylinder barrel, the roughness of the cylinder barrel end is relatively large. Before the interface machining, the inner support three-jaw chuck and the center are respectively clamped at both ends of the cylinder barrel. Due to the relatively large roughness of the end cooperating with the center, the force on the cylinder barrel is uneven after cooperation, the cylinder barrel is eccentric, and at the same time, a slight bending will occur, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown. Thus, after the interface machining, the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel is prone to out-of-tolerance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a fixture and method for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end, which can avoid the problems of cylinder barrel eccentricity and slight bending.

[0005] A fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end provided by the present invention includes a fixture body, which is of a cylindrical structure. One end is used to extend into the cylinder barrel and has a gap with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel. The fixture body has an inner cavity. A plurality of groove structures are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the end extending into the cylinder barrel. Liquid outlet holes and liquid suction holes are provided in the groove structures;

[0006] A magnetorheological fluid supply assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the fixture body and is respectively communicated with the liquid outlet holes and the liquid suction holes. The magnetorheological fluid supply assembly is used to supply magnetorheological fluid into each groove structure and the gap or pump the magnetorheological fluid out of the gap and each groove structure;

[0007] An electromagnetic control module is arranged at one end of the fixture body away from the cylinder barrel and is used to turn the magnetorheological fluid into a solid state or a liquid state.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, one end of the fixture body extending into the inner part of the cylinder barrel is arranged as a stepped cylindrical structure. The stepped cylindrical structure sequentially includes a support part, a contact part, and an abutting part along its axial direction. The diameter of the support part is smaller than that of the contact part. There is a gap of 50um - 70um between the contact part and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel. The abutting part is used for abutting outside the port of the cylinder barrel, and the diameter of the abutting part is larger than the inner diameter of the port of the cylinder barrel. The magnetorheological fluid supply assembly is located within the support part.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the gap between the contact part and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel is 63um.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, three groove structures are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral wall of the contact part.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the liquid outlet hole and the liquid suction hole of the groove structure are arranged along the length direction of the groove structure and are respectively located at both ends of the groove structure. The width of the groove structure gradually decreases from the liquid outlet hole to the liquid suction hole direction.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the magnetorheological fluid supply assembly includes a liquid storage tank, a liquid delivery pipe, and a liquid suction pipe. The liquid storage tank is located within the support part. One end of the liquid delivery pipe is communicated with the liquid storage tank through a liquid delivery pump. The other end of the liquid delivery pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet hole within the groove structure. One end of the liquid suction pipe is open.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, sealing rings are sleeved at the joints of the liquid delivery pipe and the liquid outlet hole, and the liquid suction pipe and the liquid suction hole.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic regulation module is an annular electromagnet, and the annular electromagnet is sleeved on the side of the abutting part away from the cylinder barrel.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a clamping method for the fixture for improving the coaxiality of the end of the cylinder barrel, including the following steps:

[0016] Before machining the cylinder barrel interface, the fixture body and the cylinder barrel are clamped together after being laser-assisted centered, and then the magnetorheological fluid is injected into the groove structure through the liquid outlet hole until the groove structure is filled;

[0017] The electromagnetic regulation module is powered on to apply a magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid, and the magnetorheological fluid undergoes a phase change from a liquid to a solid;

[0018] After the machining of the cylinder barrel interface is completed, the electromagnet is powered off to remove the magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid undergoes a phase change from a solid to a liquid, and the magnetorheological fluid is drawn out from the groove structure.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: For a fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end provided by the present invention, there is a gap between one end of the fixture body extending into the cylinder barrel and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel. On the one hand, it is convenient to adjust the coaxiality between the fixture body and the cylinder barrel. On the other hand, this gap is also used to compensate for the roughness of the cylinder barrel end by filling magnetorheological fluid; on the outer peripheral wall of the end of the fixture body extending into the cylinder barrel of the present invention, a plurality of groove structures are designed, and liquid outlet holes and liquid extraction holes are provided in the groove structures. By injecting magnetorheological fluid into the groove structures, after the magnetorheological fluid fills the groove structures, it enters the gap to make up for the roughness of the cylinder barrel end, and after curing, it forms a stable support together with the fixture body to maintain coaxiality; the present invention utilizes the characteristic that magnetorheological fluid changes from a liquid phase to a solid phase under a magnetic field, reduces the influence of the large roughness at the cylinder barrel end, realizes the accurate centering of the cylinder barrel and the fixture body, thereby improving the problem of out-of-tolerance coaxiality caused by the eccentricity of the cylinder barrel. At the same time, in the present invention, the solid of the magnetorheological fluid is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, which can weaken the influence of vibration during cutting on the machining quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a deformation schematic diagram of the structure of the cylinder barrel end mentioned in the background art of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of out-of-tolerance coaxiality of the cylinder barrel mentioned in the background art of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is an overall structure schematic diagram of a magnetorheological fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a side schematic diagram of the magnetorheological fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is an internal structure schematic diagram of the magnetorheological fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Description of the reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Fixture body; 2. Support part; 3. Contact part; 4. Abutting part; 5. Groove structure; 6. Liquid outlet hole; 7. Liquid extraction hole; 8. Liquid storage tank; 9. Liquid delivery pipe; 10. Liquid extraction pipe; 11. Sealing ring; 12. Electromagnetic control module; 13. Liquid delivery pump; 14. Liquid extraction pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meanings as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains. The "first", "second", and similar terms used in the present disclosure do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms such as "comprising" or "including" are intended to indicate that the elements or items appearing before "comprising" or "including" cover the elements or items listed after "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. The terms such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationships may also change accordingly.

[0029] In a typical implementation manner of the present invention, a fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder end based on the magnetorheological principle is provided, which can replace the center in the prior art and solve the problem of out-of-tolerance coaxiality of the cylinder end. As Figures 3 - 5As shown in the figure, a magnetorheological fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end proposed in this embodiment includes a fixture body 1, which is of a cylindrical structure, and the fixture body 1 is used to have a gap with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel. The fixture body 1 has an inner cavity. A plurality of groove structures 5 are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the end portion extending into the cylinder barrel. Liquid outlet holes 6 and liquid suction holes 7 are provided in the groove structures 5. As a more preferred method, the liquid outlet holes 6 and the liquid suction holes 7 of the groove structure 5 are arranged along the length direction of the groove structure 5 and are respectively located at both ends of the groove structure 5. The width of the groove structure 5 gradually decreases from the direction of the liquid outlet hole 6 to the liquid suction hole 7. The liquid outlet hole 6 is located at the wide end. Initially, a large flow rate quickly fills the gap above the groove structure 5 and the wide end, giving priority to ensuring the filling amount of the magnetorheological fluid in the groove structure 5 and the gap above the wide end, and realizing the stable support after the magnetorheological fluid is solidified. The high flow rate at the narrow end quickly fills the gap above the narrow end. During the liquid suction stage, since the liquid suction hole 7 is located at the narrow end, the liquid flow direction during suction matches the tapered structure, and the high flow rate at the narrow end generates local negative pressure, reducing the residual amount of the magnetorheological fluid in the groove structure 5 and the gap. The magnetorheological fluid supply assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the fixture body 1 and is respectively communicated with the liquid outlet hole 6 and the liquid suction hole 7. The magnetorheological fluid supply assembly is used to supply magnetorheological fluid into each groove structure 5 and the gap or suck the magnetorheological fluid out of the gap and each groove structure 5. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the liquid magnetorheological fluid has a certain viscosity, and by controlling the supply amount and fluidity of the magnetorheological fluid, the filling range of the magnetorheological fluid in the gap can be controlled and completely sucked out after use. The electromagnetic regulation module 12 is arranged at one end of the fixture body 1 away from the cylinder barrel and is used to change the magnetorheological fluid into a solid state or a liquid state. In this embodiment, under the action of the electromagnetic regulation module 12, the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid form an oriented arrangement along the magnetic field line direction. This oriented arrangement forms a dense elastic cushion layer on the surface of the solidified layer, which can effectively fill the rough surface at the end of the cylinder barrel and significantly increase the effective support area of the contact surface.

[0030] In this embodiment, through the phase change characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid, the optimization of the surface contact mechanical characteristics is realized based on the fixture structure. The influence of the large roughness at the end of the cylinder barrel is reduced, thereby reducing the problem of out-of-tolerance coaxiality caused by the eccentricity of the cylinder barrel. The qualified rate of the coaxiality at the end of the cylinder barrel is significantly increased during actual processing, the work efficiency is improved, and the application value of the physical field regulation technology in modern precision manufacturing is fully reflected. At the same time, the solid of the magnetorheological fluid in this embodiment is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, which can weaken the influence of vibration during cutting on the processing quality.

[0031] As another preferred embodiment, one end of the fixture body 1 extending into the cylinder barrel is provided with a stepped cylindrical structure. The stepped cylindrical structure sequentially includes a support portion 2, a contact portion 3, and an abutting portion 4 along the axial direction. The diameter of the support portion 2 is smaller than that of the contact portion 3. There is a gap of 50um - 70um between the diameter of the contact portion 3 and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel. If this gap is too large, it will cause an increase in the initial centering error between the fixture and the cylinder barrel. For example, if the actual gap reaches 100um, the residual eccentricity after laser-assisted centering may increase from the design value of ±5um to ±20um, directly affecting the subsequent machining accuracy. In addition, too large a gap will also lead to unstable support of the cured magnetorheological fluid layer. Since the magnetorheological fluid needs to fill the gap after curing, too large a gap will reduce the stiffness of the cured layer and the support stability. After research, when the gap increases from 63um to 100um, the elastic modulus of the magnetorheological fluid cured layer drops by about 40%, and an additional deformation of 5um - 10um may occur during the cutting process. Therefore, too large a gap will lead to a decrease in coaxiality and support stability. If this gap is too small, it will be difficult for the limited magnetorheological fluid to compensate for the roughness of the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, and it will be difficult to accurately control the coaxiality between the cylinder barrel and the fixture body 1. For example, if the actual gap is 30um, the magnetorheological fluid in the narrow gap is prone to form bubbles or unfilled areas due to surface tension. When the cylinder barrel expands due to the temperature rise during processing, the original 30um gap may completely disappear, forming an interference fit, and the purpose of compensating for roughness and controlling coaxiality through the magnetorheological fluid cannot be achieved.

[0032] In the clamping stage of this embodiment, the magnetorheological fluid overflowing from the groove structure 5 fills a partial area in this gap. This area at least includes the gap area corresponding to the upper and lower parts of the groove structure 5. Utilizing the characteristic that the magnetorheological fluid can undergo a phase change, the liquid magnetorheological fluid can compensate for the roughness of the end of the cylinder barrel after entering this gap, and meet the basic requirements for adjusting the coaxiality between the cylinder barrel and the fixture body 1. At the same time, considering the machining accuracy and the operability of the magnetorheological fluid fixture, the fixture body 1 and the cylinder barrel of this embodiment can adopt an H7 / h6 clearance fit. More preferably, when the gap is 63um, the magnetorheological fluid fills the gap and cures to form a rigid support, reducing the actual fit gap to close to zero, and achieving the optimal balance of assembly efficiency, machining accuracy, and cost.

[0033] The abutting portion 4 is located outside the port of the cylinder barrel, and the diameter of the abutting portion 4 is larger than the inner diameter of the port of the cylinder barrel. The magnetorheological fluid supply assembly is located within the support portion 2. And the transition parts between the support portion 2, the contact portion 3, and the abutting portion 4 adopt rounded corners to eliminate stress concentration. As a more preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the axial lengths of the support portion 2, the contact portion 3, and the abutting portion 4 are designed according to 1:1:1. More specifically, the lengths are all 400mm. This design can not only ensure that the contact portion 3 fully covers the key stress-bearing area of the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, the support portion 2 meets the liquid storage design, but also the abutting portion 4 retains the minimum exposed length to improve the structural compactness.

[0034] As another preferred embodiment, three groove structures 5 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral wall of the contact part 3, so that the cured magnetorheological fluid has the function of internally supporting a three-jaw chuck, can form a stable support with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, and maintain the coaxiality of the end of the cylinder barrel.

[0035] As another preferred embodiment, the magnetorheological fluid supply assembly includes a liquid storage tank 8, a liquid delivery pipe 9 and a liquid extraction pipe 10. The liquid storage tank 8 is located inside the support part 2. One end of the liquid delivery pipe 9 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 8 through a liquid delivery pump 13, and the other end of the liquid delivery pipe 9 is communicated with a liquid outlet hole 6 inside the groove structure 5. One end of the liquid extraction pipe 10 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 8 through a liquid extraction pump 14, and the other end of the liquid extraction pipe 10 is communicated with a liquid extraction hole 7 inside the groove structure 5. The liquid storage tank 8 of this embodiment can adopt a double-layer 304 stainless steel structure. At the same time, in order to ensure that the magnetorheological fluid maintains good fluidity, as a more preferred embodiment, a temperature control component is designed outside the liquid storage tank 8 of this embodiment, aiming to keep the magnetorheological fluid in a constant temperature environment of 20°C - 25°C, so that the magnetorheological fluid has the best rheological characteristics and the viscosity is stabilized at 0.8 Pa·s ± 0.05 Pa·s.

[0036] Furthermore, sealing rings 11 are sleeved at the joints of the liquid delivery pipe 9 and the liquid outlet hole 6 of the groove structure 5 and the liquid extraction pipe 10 and the liquid extraction hole 7. By way of example, the sealing ring 11 can be a rubber ring, so as to improve the sealing performance at the connection position and avoid liquid leakage.

[0037] Furthermore, the electromagnetic regulation module 12 is an annular electromagnet, and the annular electromagnet is sleeved on the side of the abutting part 4 away from the cylinder barrel. The closed magnetic circuit design of the annular electromagnet significantly reduces magnetic leakage, makes the magnetic field more concentrated in the inner area of the ring, and thus forms a uniform magnetic field distribution in the magnetorheological fluid. This uniformity helps to avoid problems such as local curing or inconsistent response, and ensures the stable performance of the magnetorheological fluid. By adjusting the magnitude and direction of the current, the magnetic field intensity can be quickly changed, realizing precise control of the viscosity or shear strength of the magnetorheological fluid, which is suitable for high-precision applications (such as precision dampers).

[0038] In this embodiment, the annular electromagnet can adopt a composite structure of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets and electromagnetic coils arranged in a Halbach array to form an axial radial magnetic field in the abutting part 4. This design makes the magnetic induction intensity and magnetic field uniformity in the gap where the magnetorheological fluid is located higher. It realizes the rapid liquid-solid phase change of the magnetorheological fluid. In this embodiment, the annular electromagnet is embedded on the side of the abutting part 4 away from the cylinder barrel, so that the annular electromagnet keeps an axial distance from the cylinder barrel processing area, eliminating the deformation of the end of the cylinder barrel caused by thermal expansion and improving the stability of the processing dimensions.

[0039] This embodiment also discloses a clamping method of the fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end, including the following steps: Before machining the cylinder barrel interface, the fixture body 1 and the cylinder barrel are clamped together after laser-assisted centering, and then the magnetorheological fluid is injected into the groove structure 5 through the liquid outlet hole 6 until the groove structure 5 is filled. The injection amount of the magnetorheological fluid can be calculated in advance according to the structure, and each time the calculated amount of the magnetorheological fluid is discharged from the liquid outlet hole 6;

[0040] The electromagnetic regulation module 12 is powered on to apply a magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid, and the magnetorheological fluid undergoes a phase change from a liquid to a solid;

[0041] After the machining of the cylinder barrel interface is completed, the electromagnet is powered off to remove the magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid undergoes a phase change from a solid to a liquid, and the magnetorheological fluid is withdrawn from the groove structure 5.

[0042] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end, characterized in that Comprising: A fixture body, which is of a cylindrical structure, one end of which is used to extend into the interior of the cylinder barrel and has a gap with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel. The fixture body has an inner cavity. A plurality of groove structures are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the end portion extending into the cylinder barrel. Liquid outlet holes and liquid suction holes are provided in the groove structures. The end of the fixture body extending into the cylinder barrel is provided as a stepped cylindrical structure. The stepped cylindrical structure is successively a support portion, a contact portion, and an abutting portion along its axial direction. The diameter of the support portion is smaller than that of the contact portion. There is a gap of 50um - 70um between the contact portion and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel. If the gap is too large, the coaxiality and support stability will be reduced; if the gap is too small, the purpose of compensating for roughness and regulating coaxiality through magnetorheological fluid cannot be achieved. The abutting portion is used to abut outside the port of the cylinder barrel, and the diameter of the abutting portion is larger than the inner diameter of the port of the cylinder barrel. The magnetorheological fluid supply assembly is located in the support portion; A magnetorheological fluid supply assembly, which is arranged in the inner cavity of the fixture body and is respectively communicated with the liquid outlet holes and the liquid suction holes. The magnetorheological fluid supply assembly is used to supply magnetorheological fluid into each groove structure and the gap or pump the magnetorheological fluid out of the gap and each groove structure; An electromagnetic regulation module, which is arranged at one end of the fixture body away from the cylinder barrel and is used to change the magnetorheological fluid into a solid state or a liquid state.

2. The fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end as described in claim 1, characterized in that The gap between the contact portion and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel is 63um.

3. The fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end according to claim 1, characterized in that, Three groove structures are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral wall of the contact portion.

4. The fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end as described in claim 1, wherein The liquid outlet holes and the liquid suction holes of the groove structure are arranged along the length direction of the groove structure and are respectively located at both ends of the groove structure. The width of the groove structure gradually decreases from the liquid outlet hole to the liquid suction hole direction.

5. The fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetorheological fluid supply assembly includes a liquid storage tank, a liquid delivery pipe, and a liquid suction pipe. The liquid storage tank is located in the support portion. One end of the liquid delivery pipe is communicated with the liquid storage tank through a liquid delivery pump. The other end of the liquid delivery pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet hole in the groove structure. One end of the liquid suction pipe is communicated with the liquid storage tank through a liquid suction pump. The other end of the liquid suction pipe is communicated with the liquid suction hole in the groove structure.

6. The fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Sealing rings are sleeved at the joints of the liquid delivery pipe and the liquid outlet hole and the liquid suction pipe and the liquid suction hole.

7. The fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end as described in claim 1, wherein, The electromagnetic regulation module is an annular electromagnet, and the annular electromagnet is sleeved on the side of the abutting portion away from the cylinder barrel.

8. The clamping method of the fixture for improving the coaxiality of the cylinder barrel end as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Before machining the cylinder barrel interface, the fixture body and the cylinder barrel are clamped together after laser-assisted centering, and then the magnetorheological fluid is injected into the groove structure through the liquid outlet hole. After the groove structure is filled with the magnetorheological fluid, the gap between the fixture body and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel is filled; The electromagnetic regulation module is powered on to apply a magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid, and the magnetorheological fluid undergoes a phase change from a liquid to a solid; After the machining of the cylinder barrel interface is completed, the magnetic field is removed, the magnetorheological fluid undergoes a phase change from a solid to a liquid, and the magnetorheological fluid is pumped out of the groove structure.

Images