Nuclear power plant passive high-position oversized pressure-bearing water tank system based on rigid-flexible coordination idea
By adopting a design scheme based on the concept of rigid-flexibility coordination in nuclear power plants, a high-level super-pressure water tank system with spherical pressure-bearing boundaries and complex equipment support structures is designed, which solves the problem that the existing technology is difficult to cope with earthquake and thermal expansion conditions, and achieves the high earthquake and thermal expansion performance of the equipment, ensuring the implementability and economicality of the project.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510151076.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-10
AI Technical Summary
It is difficult to design a high-level, ultra-large pressure-bearing water tank system in the existing technology, which can effectively respond to earthquakes and thermal expansion conditions in nuclear power plants, and meet the design requirements of non-active + active safety systems.
The design scheme based on the concept of rigid-flexibility coordination, including spherical pressure bearing boundaries and complex equipment support structures. The middle, upper and lower parts between the pressure bearing boundaries and equipment support are strengthened and the load is transferred, ensuring that the pressure bearing boundaries only bear internal pressure. The equipment support structure can effectively cope with earthquake and thermal expansion loads through the main support and pull rod support.
The earthquake resistance and thermal expansion performance of high-level super-large water tank equipment is achieved, ensuring the engineering implementability and economicality of the equipment, and meeting the design needs of non-active + active safety systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN120119701A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of dedicated safety facilities for nuclear power plants, and particularly relates to a passive high-position ultra-large pressure-bearing water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the concept of rigid-flexible coordination. Background Art
[0002] Most third-generation pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants adopt a safety design concept that combines active and passive technologies. Active means that the safety system needs to rely on external triggers and power sources such as electricity or compressed air to execute safety functions. Passive, on the contrary, means that the safety system does not rely on external triggers and power sources to execute safety functions, but relies on natural convection, self-weight, accumulated pressure potential and other natural natures to execute. Active and passive systems can achieve complementary advantages and diverse designs to avoid common cause failures, and improve the overall safety of the power plant at a relatively low cost. Passive safety design is the most important design feature of third-generation nuclear power. Mainstream third-generation nuclear power plant models in the world, such as AP1000, VVER, APR1400, etc., all adopt passive safety technologies; the existing third-generation nuclear power safety design in China adopts an active + passive solution, that is, effective passive safety measures are taken on the basis of the active safety system. The passive safety system is used as a supplement to the active safety system, and the passive safety system is started after the active safety system fails. The passive system does not need to cope with design basis accidents. According to this concept, active and passive safety systems are safety-class. The active safety system also needs to consider redundancy and is equipped with a large number of safety-class support systems, resulting in a complex configuration of the entire safety system and a high project cost. On the other hand, the cooling water source of the active safety system is arranged inside the containment, which increases the volume of the containment and also increases the difficulty of the overall layout of the nuclear island.
[0003] In order to further improve the operation safety of the unit and reduce the project cost of mass construction, on the basis of the existing active + passive safety technology, a passive + active solution is adopted. The passive system is used as a dedicated safety facility to cope with design basis accidents, and the active system is used as a backup for the failure of the passive system to cope with design extension conditions. Replacing the active system with a passive system as a dedicated safety facility can bring great economic advantages. There is no need to set up a large number of safety-class support systems, and the active system as a facility to cope with design extension conditions can also be non-safety-class and non-redundant. The simplification of the system contributes significantly to reducing the power plant cost. Taking the passive system as a dedicated safety facility requires coping with design basis accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a large-capacity high-position designed cooling water storage device, and at the same time, the engineering economy of the storage device needs to be fully considered to meet the overall requirements of the batch construction of third-generation pressurized water reactors.
[0004] For the water storage device in the safety system based on the above passive + active design concept, further design requirements are put forward, mainly including:
[0005] First, it is necessary to provide an ultra-large-capacity cooling water source that can meet the requirements of the passive core cooling system to ensure reliable cooling of the reactor core under accident conditions. Under accident conditions, the water volume required for reactor core cooling reaches thousands of cubic meters. The Westinghouse AP1000 in the United States uses a passive core cooling water source built into the containment, with a capacity of 2,132 m³. In the current design, to further improve the economy of nuclear power plants, the passive core cooling water source needs to be placed outside the containment to reduce the volume of the containment. At the same time, to meet the requirements of passive core cooling, the capacity needs to be increased to more than twice that of AP1000. Therefore, the design and construction difficulties of the water storage tank, its own support structure, and the support of the plant structure have increased.
[0006] Second, the water storage tank in the passive core cooling system must withstand the high temperature and high pressure of the containment under accident conditions. In the current design, the water storage tank is placed outside the containment. During the passive water injection process, it is necessary to maintain the connection between the water tank and the inside of the containment. Under accident conditions, the water tank will withstand high temperature (above 150 °C) and internal high pressure (about 0.55 MPa(a)) at the same time as the containment. The internal pressure will limit the structure and shape of the ultra-large water tank, and the traditional concrete structure form with stainless steel cladding on the inner wall cannot be used. The current design solution is to use a water storage tank made of pure stainless steel, and it is necessary to consider the problems of high-temperature thermal expansion caused by equipment pressure and steel structure to form a new pressure-bearing water tank.
[0007] Third, the water tank as a storage water source is a key dedicated safety facility with high seismic requirements. The water tank providing water source in the safety system is a key dedicated safety facility, a Class 1 item for safety functions and a Class 2 item for barriers, with seismic category II, that is, the equipment needs to be able to withstand the loads caused by the ultimate safe seismic motion and maintain the integrity or tightness of the equipment under earthquake conditions.
[0008] In the prior art, for example, the water tanks of the core cooling system built into AP1000 all adopt the concrete structure form with stainless steel cladding on the inner wall, and the design method is relatively mature with less difficulty.
[0009] The current proposed design solution needs to raise the position of the passive containment heat removal system and the pressure-bearing water tank supporting its main equipment to meet the design requirements for high-level injection of the passive + active safety system (the elevation of the center of gravity of the water tank is above 30 meters).
[0010] Based on the safety design concept combining passive and active features, the passive water tank that provides the cooling water source in the safety injection system is required to have an extremely large size, a heavy self-weight (over 3,000 tons) when full of water, and be arranged at a high position in the plant. At the same time, it also needs to cope with the thermal expansion condition. In addition, the pressurized water tank also needs to be designed with a support structure suitable for itself, that is, the water tank support system not only includes its own support structure but also the plant structure. In the overall design process, the equipment water tank, the equipment support structure, and the plant structure cannot be simply considered separately. Instead, facing the engineering reality, technical design contradictions need to be comprehensively resolved. Currently, there is no reference for a water tank structure that is extremely large, at a high position, and withstands high temperature and internal pressure, and its structural size is also much larger than the existing safety-class equipment in the nuclear power field. The engineering implementation of the high-position extremely large water tank and its structural support system in the safety injection system is extremely difficult. Summary of the Invention
[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide a passive high-position extremely large pressurized water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the concept of rigid-flexible coordination. Aiming at the requirements of the high-position extremely large water tank in the passive safety injection system of the third-generation pressurized water reactor, it can effectively cope with the contradictory requirements of seismic and thermal expansion conditions on the design, ensure high engineering feasibility, and take into account the overall economy.
[0012] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A passive high-position extremely large pressurized water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the concept of rigid-flexible coordination includes a high-position extremely large water tank device and a structural support system, and the structural support system plays a role in supporting and fixing the high-position extremely large water tank device.
[0013] The high-position extremely large water tank device includes a pressure-bearing boundary and equipment supports. The pressure-bearing boundary is used to bear the internal load generated by the internal pressure, and the equipment supports transmit the load through the pressure-bearing boundary.
[0014] The pressure-bearing boundary is spherical, made of spherical shell plates welded together, and includes a middle reinforcement belt, an upper reinforcement belt, a lower reinforcement belt, and other conventional spherical shell plates.
[0015] The equipment supports include external supports and internal supports, and the external supports and internal supports are connected and transmit loads through the middle reinforcement belt, upper reinforcement belt, and lower reinforcement belt in the pressure-bearing boundary.
[0016] The internal support is a steel structure, welded into a whole by steel, and includes multiple layers of outer circumferential supports, multiple arc supports, multiple radial supports, multiple inner ring supports, and multiple vertical supports.
[0017] The outer circumferential supports are three layers, including an upper outer circumferential support, a middle outer circumferential support, and a lower outer circumferential support. There are 20 arc supports, 30 radial supports, 3 layers of inner ring supports, and 40 vertical supports.
[0018] The upper outer circumferential support, the middle outer circumferential support and the lower outer circumferential support are respectively welded and connected to the inner sides of the upper strengthening belt, the middle strengthening belt and the lower strengthening belt, and the arc-shaped supports are respectively welded and connected to other spherical shell plates of the pressure-bearing boundary.
[0019] The external support described above includes a main support, an upper tie rod and a lower tie rod. The main support, the upper tie rod, the lower tie rod and the internal support form an overall support structure for the water tank equipment to bear external loads such as earthquakes.
[0020] The support is connected to and transmits loads to the internal support through the middle strengthening belt. The upper tie rod is connected to and transmits loads to the internal support through the upper strengthening belt. The lower tie rod is connected to and transmits loads to the internal support through the lower strengthening belt.
[0021] The main support is a connection and load transmission mechanism between the water tank equipment and the structural support system. It is arranged in the middle of the pressure-bearing boundary and is welded and connected to the middle strengthening belt. There are multiple main supports, which are evenly distributed circumferentially and are firmly connected to the structural support system through anchor bolts.
[0022] Multiple through anchor bolt holes are provided above and below the main support for the anchor bolts to pass through.
[0023] The bolt holes are oblong structures, allowing the pressure-bearing boundary and the main support to slide integrally along the radial direction, and ensuring that the anchor bolts only bear vertical tension and do not bear any lateral loads under various operating conditions.
[0024] The main support includes a first side surface of the main support, a second side surface of the main support and a bottom surface of the main support. The first side surface of the main support, the second side surface of the main support and the bottom surface of the main support are all smooth planes.
[0025] The upper tie rod is used to enhance the overall rigidity of the water tank equipment and improve the seismic resistance of the water tank equipment. One end is hinged to the upper strengthening belt, and the other end is hinged to the upper support pier in the structural support system to ensure that the upper tie rod is a two-force member.
[0026] The lower tie rod is used to enhance the overall rigidity of the water tank equipment and improve the seismic resistance of the water tank equipment. One end is hinged to the lower strengthening belt, and the other end is hinged to the lower support pier in the structural support system to ensure that the lower tie rod is a two-force member.
[0027] Multiple upper tie rods and lower tie rods are provided and arranged circumferentially along the pressure-bearing boundary.
[0028] Both ends of the upper tie rod and the lower tie rod are hinged and form a certain angle with the pressure-bearing boundary. The upper tie rod and the lower tie rod can rotate around the hinge axis.
[0029] The structural support system includes a support ring wall, a basic structure of the factory building and reinforcing ribs.
[0030] The basic structure of the workshop includes a floor slab, side walls and their associated supporting wall structures.
[0031] The supporting ring wall is a columnar reinforced concrete structure, connected to the floor slab integrally at the bottom, and a square groove for installing the main support is provided at the upper end.
[0032] Steel plates are embedded on both sides and the bottom of the square groove. The first side, the second side and the bottom surface of the square groove are smooth planes, which are in contact with the first side, the second side and the bottom surface of the main support of the main support respectively.
[0033] An upper support pier is provided at the upper end of the supporting ring wall for installing and connecting the upper tie rod, and a lower support pier is provided at the lower end for installing and connecting the lower tie rod.
[0034] The reinforcing ribs are used to strengthen the connection between the basic structure of the workshop and the ring wall. The reinforcing ribs are distributed at the four corners of the basic structure of the workshop. Two rib plates are distributed up and down at each corner for strengthening the connection between the basic structure of the workshop and the supporting ring wall to improve the overall bearing capacity of the structural support system.
[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By dividing the support function of the water tank equipment and adopting a reasonable equipment support structure, it is ensured that the internal pressure and seismic loads are borne by different components. The pressure-bearing boundary only bears the internal pressure, which minimizes the amount of material used for the pressure-bearing boundary to a great extent and greatly improves the economic efficiency of engineering construction. The main support in the equipment support structure and the supporting structural ring wall are connected by a clamping method. Each main support has a radial free constraint and is flexible, capable of releasing the thermal expansion displacement. At the same time, it has a tangential (perpendicular to the first side and the second side of the square groove) rigid constraint. The combined action of the rigid constraints in the vertical direction of the first side and the second side of multiple circumferentially evenly distributed main supports provides sufficient rigidity for the water tank equipment to meet the requirements of seismic design. In addition to the main supports, two layers of tie rods, upper and lower, are additionally provided outside the water tank equipment to further improve the overall rigidity and seismic resistance of the water tank equipment. Both ends of the tie rods are hinged, and a special arrangement angle is adopted between the tie rods and the water tank shell to ensure that the tie rods rotate during the thermal expansion process to release the thermal expansion displacement to the greatest extent and minimize the internal force of the tie rods caused by thermal expansion. The main supports and tie rod support structure of the water tank equipment can, on the one hand, ensure that the equipment as a whole has sufficient rigidity, and on the other hand, they are all flexible and can fully release the thermal expansion displacement, achieving the coordination of rigidity and flexibility, effectively solving the contradiction between seismic design and thermal expansion response design, ensuring both the stiffness required for the seismic design of the equipment and the radial free constraint of the equipment to release the thermal expansion load. Finally, a structural solution for a passive water tank (safety function level 1, barrier level 2) with a water filling capacity of nearly 3000 tons, arranged at a high position (center of gravity elevation above 30 m), bearing internal pressure (about 0.55 MPa(a)), and high seismic requirements (category 1I) is formed, which has high engineering feasibility, provides key technical support for the passive + active safety system and the compact nuclear island layout, and provides an important guarantee for the safety and economic efficiency of the model technology. Description of the Drawings
[0036] Figure 1 It is a general schematic diagram of the passive high-position super-large pressure-bearing water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the concept of rigidity-flexibility coordination provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the high-position super-large water tank equipment;
[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main support structure of the high-position super-large water tank equipment;
[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal support structure of the high-position super-large water tank;
[0040] Figure 5 It is a partial schematic diagram of the structural support system (1 / 4 partial cross-sectional view);
[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the load transfer principle of the high-position super-large water tank equipment under the thermal expansion condition;
[0042] Figure 7 Vertical seismic schematic diagram of load transfer of high-position and super-large water tank equipment under seismic conditions;
[0043] Figure 8 Horizontal seismic schematic diagram of load transfer of high-position and super-large water tank equipment under seismic conditions.
[0044] In the figure: 1 high-position and super-large water tank equipment, 2 structural support system, 11 pressure-bearing boundary, 111 middle strengthening belt, 112 upper strengthening belt, 113 lower strengthening belt, 114 conventional spherical shell plate, 12 main support, 121 anchor bolt, 122 anchor bolt hole, 123 first side of the main support, 124 second side of the main support, 125 bottom surface of the main support, 13 upper tie rod, 15 lower tie rod, 14 internal support, 141 upper outer circumferential support, 142 middle outer circumferential support, 143 lower outer circumferential support, 144 arc support, 145 radial support, 146 inner ring support, 147 vertical support, 21 support ring wall, 211 square groove, 2111 first side of the square groove, 2112 second side of the square groove, 2113 bottom surface of the square groove, 212 upper support pier, 213 lower support pier, 22 basic structure of the plant, 221 floor slab, 222 side wall, 23 reinforcing rib. Specific implementation manners
[0045] Next, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention without making creative efforts belong to the scope of the present invention.
[0046] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a passive high-position and super-large pressure-bearing water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the concept of rigid-flexible coordination, including a high-position and super-large water tank equipment 1 and a structural support system 2, and the structural support system 2 plays a role in supporting and fixing the high-position and super-large water tank equipment 1.
[0047] As Figure 2 shown, the high-position and super-large water tank equipment 1 includes: a pressure-bearing boundary 11 and equipment supports, and the pressure-bearing boundary 11 is used to bear the internal load generated by the internal pressure, and the equipment supports transfer the load through the pressure-bearing boundary 11.
[0048] Among them, the pressure-bearing boundary 11 is spherical and formed by welding spherical shell plates, including a middle reinforcing belt 111, an upper reinforcing belt 112, a lower reinforcing belt 113 and other conventional spherical shell plates 114. The two sides of the middle reinforcing belt 111 are respectively connected to the conventional spherical shell plates 114 by welding. The conventional spherical shell plates 114 located above the middle reinforcing belt 111 are connected to the upper reinforcing belt 112 by welding, and the conventional spherical shell plates 114 located below the middle reinforcing belt 111 are connected to the lower reinforcing belt 113 by welding. The pressure-bearing boundary 11 is used to bear the internal load generated by the internal pressure.
[0049] The equipment support includes an external support and an internal support 14. The external support and the internal support 14 are connected and load is transmitted through the middle reinforcing belt 111, the upper reinforcing belt 112 and the lower reinforcing belt 113 in the pressure-bearing boundary 11.
[0050] Such as Figure 2-4 As shown, the internal support 14 is a steel structure welded as a whole by steel, including multiple layers of outer circumferential supports, multiple arc supports 144, multiple radial supports 145, multiple inner ring supports 146 and multiple vertical supports 147. In the embodiment of the present invention, there are three layers of outer circumferential supports (upper outer circumferential support 141, middle outer circumferential support 142 and lower outer circumferential support 143), 20 arc supports 144, 30 radial supports 145 of different specifications, 3 layers of inner ring supports 146 and 40 vertical supports 147 of different specifications. Among them, multiple radial supports 145 are welded radially to the upper outer circumferential support 141, and the radial support 145 is welded to an inner ring support 146 in the upper layer. Multiple arc supports 144 are welded circumferentially to the upper outer circumferential support 141, and the arc support 144 is welded to one side of the middle outer circumferential support 142. Multiple radial supports 145 are welded radially to the middle outer circumferential support 142, and the radial support 145 is welded to an inner ring support 146 in the middle layer. Multiple arc supports 144 are welded circumferentially to the other side of the middle outer circumferential support 142, and the arc support 144 is welded to the lower outer circumferential support 143. Multiple radial supports 145 are welded radially to the lower outer circumferential support 143, and the radial support 145 is welded to an inner ring support 146 in the lower layer. The lower side of the upper outer circumferential support 141 is welded by multiple vertical supports 147, and the vertical support 147 is simultaneously welded to the radial support 145 connecting the middle outer circumferential support 142 and an inner ring support 146 in the middle layer. The upper side of the lower outer circumferential support 143 is welded by multiple vertical supports 147, and the vertical support 147 is simultaneously welded to the radial support 145 connecting the middle outer circumferential support 142 and an inner ring support 146 in the middle layer.
[0051] Among them, the upper outer circumferential support 141, the middle outer circumferential support 142 and the lower outer circumferential support 143 are respectively welded and connected to the inner sides of the upper reinforcement belt 112, the middle reinforcement belt 111 and the lower reinforcement belt 113 of the pressure-bearing boundary 11, and the 20 arc-shaped supports 144 are respectively welded and connected to the other conventional spherical shell plates 114 of the pressure-bearing boundary.
[0052] The external support includes the main support 12, the upper tie rod 13 and the lower tie rod 14. The main support 12, the upper tie rod 13, the lower tie rod 15 and the internal support 14 constitute the overall support structure of the water tank device 1, which is used to bear external loads such as earthquakes.
[0053] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the main support 12 is the main connection and load transfer mechanism between the high-position large water tank device 1 and the structural support system 2. It is arranged in the middle of the pressure-bearing boundary 11 and is welded and connected to the middle reinforcement belt 111. The main support 12 is connected and transfers loads to the internal support 14 through the middle reinforcement belt 111. There are multiple main supports 12, which are evenly distributed circumferentially along the middle reinforcement belt 111. Each main support 12 includes a welding surface, two side surfaces, a bottom surface and a top surface. In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of main supports 12 is selected as 20. A plurality of through anchor bolt holes 122 are provided on the top surface and the bottom surface of the main support 12 for the anchor bolts 121 to pass through. The bolt holes are oblong structures, allowing the pressure-bearing boundary 11 and the main support 12 to slide integrally along the radial direction, and ensuring that the anchor bolts 121 only bear vertical tension and do not bear any lateral loads under various operating conditions. The main support first side surface 123, the main support second side surface 124 and the main support bottom surface 125 of the main support 12 are smooth planes, and the welding surface of the main support 12 is fixed to the middle reinforcement belt 111 by welding.
[0054] The upper tie rod 13 is connected and transfers loads to the internal support 14 through the upper reinforcement belt 112. The upper tie rod 13 is used to enhance the overall rigidity of the water tank device 1 and improve the seismic resistance of the water tank device 1. One end of the upper tie rod 13 is hinged to the upper reinforcement belt 112, and the other end is hinged to the upper support pier 212 in the structural support system 2 to ensure that the upper tie rod 13 is a two-force bar.
[0055] The lower tie rod 15 is connected and transfers loads to the internal support 14 through the lower reinforcement belt 113. The lower tie rod 15 is used to enhance the overall rigidity of the water tank device 1 and improve the seismic resistance of the water tank device 1. One end of the lower tie rod 15 is hinged to the lower reinforcement belt 113, and the other end is hinged to the lower support pier 213 in the structural support system 2 to ensure that the lower tie rod 15 is a two-force bar.
[0056] Multiple upper tie rods 13 and lower tie rods 15 are provided and arranged circumferentially along the pressure-bearing boundary 11. In the embodiment of the present invention, there are 8 upper tie rods 13 and 20 lower tie rods 15 respectively, which are arranged circumferentially along the pressure-bearing boundary 11.
[0057] The upper tie rods 13 and the lower tie rods 15 are arranged at a specific angle relative to the pressure-bearing boundary 11. The specific angles are respectively calculated and determined according to the positions of the connection points of the upper tie rods 13 and the lower tie rods 15 and the expansion displacement of the pressure-bearing boundary 11 under the thermal expansion condition. The calculation process of the specific angle is as follows:
[0058] θ = arccos(0.5×d / L)
[0059] Wherein, θ is the included angle between the normal direction of the shell and the tie rod at the connection point of the water tank shell and the tie rod, d is the thermal expansion displacement of the water tank shell at the connection point, and L is the length of the tie rod.
[0060] Both ends of the upper tie rods 13 and the lower tie rods 15 are hinged and form a certain angle with the pressure-bearing boundary 11, which is beneficial to improving the overall rigidity of the water tank equipment and enhancing the seismic resistance. Under the thermal expansion condition, the pressure-bearing boundary expands radially outward, and both the upper tie rods 13 and the lower tie rods 15 can rotate around the hinge axis. Through the design of specific arrangement angles, it can ensure that the additional loads caused by the thermal expansion of the water tank on the upper tie rods 13 and the lower tie rods 15 are minimized.
[0061] As Figure 5 shown, the structural support system 2 includes: the basic structure 22 of the factory building, the support ring wall 21, and the reinforcing ribs 23.
[0062] The basic structure 22 of the factory building includes a floor slab 221, side walls 222 and their associated support wall structures (the connection structures on the outside of the factory building, not shown in the schematic diagram). Reinforcing ribs 23 are provided between the side walls 222 of the basic structure of the factory building and the support ring wall 21 to improve the overall load-bearing capacity of the structural support system 2.
[0063] The supporting ring wall 21 is a columnar reinforced concrete structure, the bottom is connected to the floor 221 as a whole, and the upper end is provided with a square groove 211 for clamping and installing the main support 12. The number and distribution are consistent with the main support 12. In the embodiment of the present invention, 20 are selected, and the distribution is consistent with the main support 12. The supporting ring wall 21 is provided with a square groove 211 for clamping and installing the main support 12, an upper support pier 212 for supporting the upper tie rod 13, and a lower support pier 213 for supporting the lower tie rod 15; the two side surfaces and the bottom surface of the square groove 211 are in contact with the two side surfaces and the bottom surface of the main support 12. The two side surfaces are used to bear the horizontal loads under various operating conditions, and the bottom surface is used to bear the vertical downward loads such as self-weight and earthquake. The anchor bolts buried in the bottom surface of the square groove 211 pass through the oblong bolt holes on the main support 12. The upward load under earthquake conditions can be borne by the anchor bolts. Under thermal expansion conditions, the main support 12 can slide radially in the square groove 211 to avoid thermal expansion loads on the support.
[0064] Steel plates are embedded on both sides and the bottom of the square groove 211, wherein the first side surface 2111 of the square groove, the second side surface 2112 of the square groove and the bottom surface 2113 of the square groove are smooth planes, which are respectively in contact with the second side surface 124 of the main support, the first side surface 123 of the main support and the bottom surface 125 of the main support 12. The second side surface 124 of the main support, the first side surface 123 of the main support and the bottom surface 125 of the main support 12 are smooth planes, which can slide relative to the structural support system under thermal expansion conditions.
[0065] An upper supporting pier 212 is provided at the upper end of the supporting ring wall 21 for installing and connecting the upper tie rod 13 , and a lower supporting pier 213 is provided at the lower end for installing and connecting the lower tie rod 15 .
[0066] The reinforcing ribs 23 are used to strengthen the connection between the basic structure of the plant and the ring wall to improve the bearing capacity of the structural support system. In the embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcing ribs 23 are distributed at the four corners of the basic structure of the plant 22, and two rib plates are distributed above and below each corner to strengthen the connection between the basic structure of the plant 22 and the supporting ring wall 21 to improve the overall bearing capacity of the structural support system 2.
[0067] like Figure 6 As shown, the load transfer principle of the high-position super-large water tank equipment 1 under thermal expansion conditions, the spherical pressure-bearing boundary 11 expands radially, driving the upper tie rod 13 and the lower tie rod 15 to rotate around the hinge points at both ends, and the main support 12 slides radially in the square groove 211 of the structural support system 2. The rotation of the upper tie rod 13 and the lower tie rod 15, and the sliding of the main support 12 effectively unload the thermal expansion load, avoiding the generation of a large thermal expansion basic load on the structural support system 2.
[0068] like Figure 7 and Figure 8The figure shows the load transfer principle of the high-position ultra-large water tank 1 equipment under seismic conditions. The functions of bearing vertical seismic loads and horizontal seismic loads are separated. For vertical seismic loads, when the load acts downward, it is borne by the bottom surface of the square groove of the supporting ring wall, and when the load acts upward, it is borne by the anchor bolts and transmitted to the supporting ring wall. For horizontal seismic loads, they are transmitted to the annular wall between two adjacent square grooves of the supporting ring wall through one of the two side surfaces of the square groove of the supporting ring wall.
Claims
1. A passive high-level ultra-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the concept of rigid-flexible coordination, characterized by: It includes high-position extra-large water tank equipment and a structural support system. The structural support system plays a role in supporting and fixing the high-position extra-large water tank equipment.
2. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: The high-position super-large water tank equipment includes a pressure-bearing boundary and equipment support. The pressure-bearing boundary is used to bear the internal load generated by the internal pressure, and the equipment support transmits the load through the pressure-bearing boundary.
3. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 2 is characterized by: The pressure-bearing boundary is spherical and is formed by welding spherical shell plates, including a middle reinforcement belt, an upper reinforcement belt, a lower reinforcement belt and other conventional spherical shell plates.
4. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 2 is characterized by: The equipment support comprises an external support and an internal support, and the external support and the internal support are connected and load is transmitted through a middle reinforcement belt, an upper reinforcement belt and a lower reinforcement belt in the pressure-bearing boundary.
5. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 4 is characterized by: The internal support is a steel structure, which is welded into a whole by steel materials, including multiple layers of outer annular supports, multiple arc supports, multiple radial supports, multiple inner annular supports and multiple vertical supports.
6. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 5 is characterized by: The outer annular support is composed of three layers, including an upper outer annular support, a middle outer annular support and a lower outer annular support, 20 arc supports, 30 radial supports, 3 layers of inner annular supports and 40 vertical supports.
7. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 6 is characterized by: The upper outer annular support, the middle outer annular support and the lower outer annular support are respectively welded to the inner sides of the upper reinforcement belt, the middle reinforcement belt and the lower reinforcement belt, and the arc support is respectively welded to other spherical shell plates at the pressure boundary.
8. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for a nuclear power plant based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 4 is characterized by: The external support comprises a main support, an upper tie rod and a lower tie rod. The main support, the upper tie rod, the lower tie rod and the internal support constitute the overall support structure of the water tank equipment, which is used to bear external loads.
9. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 8 is characterized by: The support is connected to the internal support and transfers the load through the middle reinforcement belt, the upper pull rod is connected to the internal support and transfers the load through the upper reinforcement belt, and the lower pull rod is connected to the internal support and transfers the load through the lower reinforcement belt.
10. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The main support is the connection and load transfer mechanism between the water tank equipment and the structural support system. It is arranged in the middle of the pressure-bearing boundary and welded to the middle reinforcement belt. There are multiple main supports, which are evenly distributed circumferentially and are fastened to the structural support system by anchor bolts.
11. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for a nuclear power plant based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as described in any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The main support is provided with a plurality of through anchor bolt holes at the top and the bottom for the anchor bolts to pass through.
12. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that: The bolt hole is an oblong structure, which allows the pressure-bearing boundary and the main support to slide radially as a whole, and ensures that the anchor bolt only bears vertical tension and no lateral load under various operating conditions.
13. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for a nuclear power plant based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as described in any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The main support comprises a first side surface of the main support, a second side surface of the main support and a bottom surface of the main support. The first side surface of the main support, the second side surface of the main support and the bottom surface of the main support are all smooth planes.
14. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for a nuclear power plant based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The upper pull rod is used to enhance the overall rigidity of the water tank equipment and improve the seismic resistance of the water tank equipment. One end is hinged to the upper reinforcement belt, and the other end is hinged to the upper support pier in the structural support system to ensure that the upper pull rod is a two-force rod.
15. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The lower pull rod is used to enhance the overall rigidity of the water tank equipment and improve the seismic resistance of the water tank equipment. One end is hinged to the lower reinforcement belt, and the other end is hinged to the lower support pier in the structural support system to ensure that the lower pull rod is a two-force rod.
16. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for a nuclear power plant based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The upper pull rod and the lower pull rod are both provided in plurality and are arranged circumferentially along the pressure-bearing boundary.
17. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for a nuclear power plant based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The ends of the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod are both hinged and form a certain angle with the pressure-bearing boundary. The upper pull rod and the lower pull rod can rotate around the hinge axis.
18. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for nuclear power plants based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 2 is characterized by: The structural support system includes a supporting ring wall, a basic plant structure and reinforcing ribs.
19. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for a nuclear power plant based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that: The basic structure of the factory building includes floor slabs, side walls and their associated supporting wall structures.
20. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for a nuclear power plant based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that: The supporting ring wall is a columnar reinforced concrete structure, the bottom of which is connected to the floor slab as a whole, and the upper end is provided with a square groove for the main support to be installed.
21. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for a nuclear power plant based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 20, characterized in that: Steel plates are embedded on both sides and the bottom of the square groove, wherein the first side surface, the second side surface and the bottom surface of the square groove are smooth planes, which are in contact with the first side surface, the second side surface and the bottom surface of the main support respectively.
22. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for a nuclear power plant based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 20, characterized in that: The upper end of the support ring wall is provided with an upper support pier for installing and connecting the upper pull rod, and the lower end is provided with a lower support pier for installing and connecting the lower pull rod.
23. The passive high-level super-large pressure water tank system for a nuclear power plant based on the rigid-flexible coordination concept as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that: The reinforcing ribs are used to strengthen the connection between the basic structure of the factory building and the ring wall. The reinforcing ribs are distributed at the four corners of the basic structure of the factory building. There are two rib plates distributed above and below each corner to strengthen the connection between the basic structure of the factory building and the supporting ring wall to improve the overall bearing capacity of the structural support system.