Door closer with adjustable torsion and balanced door closing speed
By introducing torque adjustable and hydraulic adjustment devices into the door closer, the problems of unstable support force and uneven closing speed in the prior art are solved, and a more stable and uniform closing effect under high load conditions is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510375164.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-10
AI Technical Summary
The support force of existing door closers is unstable under high load conditions, the spring is prone to bending and deforming, the door closing speed is uneven, and the door closing force and speed cannot be effectively adjusted.
The door closer design is adopted with adjustable torque and balanced door closing speed, including a central support rod, rotating housing, torque adjustment device and hydraulic adjustment device. By adjusting the pre-pressure of the spring and the flow rate of the hydraulic oil circuit, fine adjustment of the door closing force and speed can be achieved.
It achieves more stable support under high load conditions, avoids spring bending and deformation, ensures uniformity of door closing speed and in place, and improves the adaptability to various door types.
Smart Images
Figure CN120119861A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of door closers, and in particular to a door closer with adjustable torque and balanced door closing speed. Background Art
[0002] Door closers are usually installed on the doors of large shopping malls, hotels, etc. to control the speed of closing the door. Door closers are generally composed of a structure combining springs and hydraulic oil circuits. The closing force and speed of the door closer are adjusted by adjusting the torque or pressure of the spring, and fine-tuning is achieved by adjusting the flow rate and flow of the hydraulic oil circuit. The spring is the main force-applying component of the door closer. The elastic potential energy of the spring is increased by opening the door, and the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy for automatic closing when closing the door. The strength of the spring in the existing door closer is not adjustable, and the cross-section of the spring is circular, which is easy to bend and deform when subjected to force. The supporting force is unstable and cannot withstand high-load elastic occasions. Another important component in the door closer is the regulating valve, which is used to adjust the flow of hydraulic oil, including the valve seat and valve stem structure. The valve stem generally adopts a cylindrical structure, or a conical structure with a thin top and a thick bottom. By moving the relative position of the valve stem and the valve seat, the flow and flow rate of the hydraulic oil are controlled, thereby achieving fine-tuning of the closing speed of the door closer.
[0003] When closing the door, the closing speed and force are adjusted by relying on the conversion of the spring's potential energy into kinetic energy and the amount of oil flowing through. The potential energy of the spring is converted into kinetic energy, which changes from large to small. As the door opening angle decreases, the potential energy of the spring gradually dissipates. When the door opening angle decreases to a certain extent, it is called a critical state. The influence of the spring's elastic force on door closing is less than the influence of the throttle valve's oil flow on door closing. At this time, the amount of oil flowing through is crucial to the closing speed. In order to provide a buffer when closing the door, the valve stem in the prior art mostly adopts a conical structure with a thin top and a thick bottom. The gap between the valve stem and the valve seat gradually decreases as the closing angle becomes smaller, so the amount of oil flowing through decreases, and the door closing speed gradually becomes very slow from a very fast speed at the beginning, and even due to the reduction of the amount of oil flowing through and the attenuation of the spring elastic force, the door may not be fully closed and the door closing speed may be uneven. In the prior art, the valve stem also adopts a cylindrical structure, and the gap between the valve stem and the valve seat is always consistent, which leads to a consistent amount of oil flowing through, and the door closing speed gradually becomes very slow from a very fast speed at the beginning, and the amount of oil flowing through remains unchanged. The door closing speed is adjusted only by the elastic force of the spring, and the door closing speed is very uneven. Moreover, in the prior art, the up and down moving position range of the valve needle is fixed, and the force and speed of closing the door cannot be adjusted according to the weight of the door, which affects the safety and comfort of opening and closing the door. Summary of the invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a door closer which can withstand high loads, has adjustable elastic force and preload, has stable support, has a more uniform closing speed, and can avoid the situation where the door is not closed properly, with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed, including a central support rod. A bottom support seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the central support rod. A rotating outer shell is rotatably sleeved above the bottom support seat on the central support rod. Two springs with opposite rotation directions, namely an upper spring and a lower spring, are installed in the gap between the rotating outer shell and the central support rod. When the door is opened, the potential energy of the two springs increases. A torque adjusting device is provided between the springs and the rotating outer shell. An integral piston cylinder is provided at the top of the central support rod, and a piston is threadedly installed in the piston cylinder. A rotating drive seat is fixedly installed at the inner top end of the rotating outer shell, and the lower end of the rotating drive seat is gear-driven to connect with the piston. When the rotating drive seat rotates with the rotating outer shell, the rotating drive seat gear-drives the piston to move up and down in the piston cylinder. A hydraulic adjusting device is installed between the piston and the rotating drive seat.
[0006] As a preferred technical solution, a cavity is provided in the rotating drive seat along the axial direction. The hydraulic adjusting device includes a valve needle installed in the cavity. A valve needle adjusting device for adjusting the up and down displacement of the valve needle is movably connected above the valve needle. The valve needle includes an integrally provided valve needle seat and valve needle body. The valve needle seat is used in cooperation with the valve needle adjusting device. The valve needle body includes a cylindrical portion located above and a conical portion located below. The outer diameter of the cylindrical portion is the same as the outer diameter of the top end of the conical portion. The outer diameter of the top end of the conical portion is larger than the outer diameter of the bottom end. A stepped through hole is provided at the axis of the piston. The stepped through hole includes an upper gear hole and a lower cylindrical hole arranged coaxially. A one-way valve is installed at the upper end inside the lower cylindrical hole. The valve needle body penetrates through the throttling hole of the one-way valve.
[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the rotating drive seat includes a stepped cylinder integrally provided up and down. The outer diameter of the upper cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of the lower cylinder. A stepped cylindrical through hole is provided inside the upper cylinder. The valve needle adjusting device is installed in the stepped cylindrical through hole. The outer surface of the lower end of the lower cylinder is a gear shaft, and the gear shaft meshes with the upper gear hole. A threaded hole for cooperating with the valve needle body is provided inside the lower cylinder, and an internal thread is provided in the threaded hole.
[0008] As a preferred technical solution, an installation hole penetrating through the stepped cylindrical through hole is radially provided on the upper cylinder. The valve needle adjusting device includes a horizontally tapered gear and a vertically tapered gear vertically meshed together. The horizontally tapered gear is fixedly installed in the middle of a horizontal adjusting rod. The two ends of the horizontal adjusting rod are rotatably installed in the installation hole. The vertically tapered gear is fixedly installed at the top end of a vertical adjusting rod. The lower end of the vertical adjusting rod is a plate-shaped tooth for shifting.
[0009] As a preferred technical solution, an adjustment notch is provided at the top of the valve needle seat, the plate-shaped dial tooth extends into the adjustment notch to control the rotation and lifting of the valve needle, and an external thread for mating with the internal thread is provided on the outer periphery of the valve needle seat.
[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the valve body of the one-way valve is in a flat cylindrical shape, the throttle hole is provided at the axis of the valve body, a one-way conduction stepped hole is provided beside the throttle hole on the valve body, a ball is located in the large-diameter hole below the one-way conduction stepped hole, and the aperture of the throttle hole is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the valve needle body.
[0011] As a preferred technical solution, a piston seal groove is provided around the outer surface of the upper end of the piston, a piston seal ring is installed in the piston seal groove, an external thread of the piston is provided on the outer surface of the lower end of the piston, an internal thread of the piston cylinder is provided on the inner wall of the piston cylinder for mating therewith. When the rotary drive seat rotates together with the housing, the gear shaft controls the piston to rotate synchronously, and the piston moves up and down in the piston cylinder.
[0012] As a preferred technical solution, when the door closer is applied to the left door, the external thread of the piston is a right-handed thread. When opening the door, the piston moves upward, and when closing the door, the piston moves downward; when the door closer is applied to the right door, the external thread of the piston is a left-handed thread. When opening the door, the piston moves upward, and when closing the door, the piston moves downward.
[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the torque adjustment device includes an upper adjustment seat and a lower adjustment seat rotatably sleeved on the middle part of the central support rod. A number of torque adjustment holes are circumferentially provided in the lower part of the upper adjustment seat and the upper part of the lower adjustment seat. A spring clamping groove for installing the lower end of the upper spring is provided in the upper part of the upper adjustment seat, and a spring clamping groove for installing the upper end of the lower spring is provided in the lower part of the lower adjustment seat. The upper end of the upper spring and the lower end of the lower spring are clamped on the central support rod. Adjustment windows are provided on the rotary housing at the positions of the upper adjustment seat and the lower adjustment seat. Select a torque adjustment hole at a suitable position through the adjustment window and limit and fix it to the rotary housing.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution, when the door closer is applied to the left door, the upper spring is a left-handed spring and the lower spring is a right-handed spring. When opening the door, the potential energy of the upper spring and the lower spring increases; when the door closer is applied to the right door, the upper spring is a right-handed spring and the lower spring is a left-handed spring. When opening the door, the potential energy of the upper spring and the lower spring increases.
[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, a door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed comprises a central support rod, a bottom support seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the central support rod, a rotating shell is rotatably mounted on the central support rod above the bottom support seat, two springs with opposite rotation directions are installed in the gap between the rotating shell and the central support rod, namely an upper spring and a lower spring. When the door is opened, the potential energy of the two springs increases, and a torque adjusting device is provided between the spring and the rotating shell; a piston cylinder is integrally provided at the top of the central support rod, and a piston is threadedly installed in the piston cylinder; a rotating drive seat is fixedly installed at the top end of the rotating shell, and the lower end gear of the rotating drive seat drives the piston to move up and down in the piston cylinder, and when the rotating drive seat rotates with the rotating shell, the rotating drive seat gear drives the piston to move up and down in the piston cylinder; a hydraulic adjusting device is installed between the piston and the rotating drive seat; the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when the door is opened, the rotating shell rotates as the door gradually opens, and since the rotating drive seat is fixedly connected to the rotating shell, the rotating The driving seat also rotates synchronously. Since the gear at the lower end of the rotating driving seat drives the connected piston, it drives the piston to move up and down on the thread in the piston cylinder, thereby driving the hydraulic adjusting device to work. At the same time, the spring also rotates with the rotating shell, thereby generating potential energy. The torque adjusting device can adjust the pre-load of the spring, and select the appropriate pre-load according to the weight of the door. The hydraulic adjusting device and the torque adjusting device simultaneously control the force and speed of closing the door. The present invention uses a spring with a square cross-section to replace the spring with a circular cross-section in the prior art. Due to the characteristics of its cross-sectional shape, the square spring can provide a larger contact area when subjected to pressure, and is not prone to bending and deformation when subjected to force, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the spring, providing a more stable supporting force, and being able to withstand high loads. The hydraulic adjusting device solves the problem of a sudden drop in closing speed when the door opening angle is close to 0 degrees, and adjusts the closing speed in sections to make the overall closing speed more uniform, bringing a better closing experience and a higher adaptability to various door types. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The following drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed after removing the rotating shell; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed according to the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point I in the middle; Figure 5 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed of the present invention; Figure 6 is Figure 5 a sectional view from the door - opening state to the door - closing state in Figure 7 is Figure 6 a partial enlarged view at position Ⅱ in Figure 8 is Figure 6 a partial enlarged view at position Ⅲ in Figure 9 is the second partial structural schematic diagram of the door closer of the present invention with adjustable torsion and balanced door - closing speed; Figure 10 is Figure 9 a sectional view when the valve needle is at the upper end in Figure 11 is Figure 9 a sectional view when the valve needle is at the lower end in Figure 12 is the third partial structural schematic diagram of the door closer of the present invention with adjustable torsion and balanced door - closing speed; Figure 13 is the partial structural explosion diagram of the door closer of the present invention with adjustable torsion and balanced door - closing speed.
[0017] In the figure: 1 - central support rod; 11 - piston cylinder; 2 - torsion adjustment device; 21 - upper adjustment seat; 22 - lower adjustment seat; 23 - torsion adjustment hole; 24 - spring clamping groove; 3 - piston; 31 - upper gear hole; 32 - lower cylindrical hole; 33 - piston seal groove; 34 - external piston thread; 4 - rotary drive seat; 41 - stepped cylindrical through - hole; 42 - gear shaft; 43 - threaded hole; 44 - mounting hole; 5 - valve needle seat; 51 - adjustment notch; 52 - external thread; 6 - valve needle body; 61 - cylindrical part; 62 - conical part; 7 - valve needle adjustment device; 71 - horizontal bevel gear; 72 - vertical bevel gear; 73 - horizontal adjustment rod; 74 - vertical adjustment rod; 75 - plate - shaped tooth; 8 - one - way valve; 81 - throttle hole; 82 - one - way conduction stepped hole; 83 - ball; 9 - rotary housing; 91 - adjustment window; 10 - bottom support seat; 20 - upper spring; 30 - lower spring. Detailed implementation manners
[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. In the following detailed description, only some exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration. It is understood that those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that various modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
[0019] As Figures 1 to 13As shown together, a door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed comprises a central support rod 1, a bottom support seat 10 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the central support rod 1, a rotating shell 9 is rotatably mounted on the central support rod 1 above the bottom support seat 10, a bearing is installed in the bottom support seat 10, the rotating shell 9 rotates on the bearing, two springs with opposite rotation directions are installed in the gap between the rotating shell 9 and the central support rod 1, which are an upper spring 20 and a lower spring 30 respectively. When the door is opened, the potential energy of the two springs increases, and a torque adjusting device 2 is arranged between the spring and the rotating shell 9. The torque adjusting device 2 not only adjusts the preload of the spring, but also And also make the spring and the rotating shell 9 limited together, when the rotating shell 9 rotates, the spring is stressed together, the spring preferably adopts a spring with a square cross section, which can withstand greater torsion, and can be easily opened and closed when the door weight is large, and the spring of the present invention can be applied to doors weighing 80KG-600KG; the top of the central support rod 1 is integrally provided with a piston cylinder 11, and the piston 3 is installed with a piston cylinder 11 internal thread; a rotating drive seat 4 is fixedly installed at the top end of the rotating shell 9, and the lower end gear of the rotating drive seat 4 is connected to the piston 3. When the rotating drive seat 4 rotates with the rotating shell 9, the central support rod 1 is stationary. The gear of the rotary drive seat 4 drives the piston 3 to move up and down in the piston cylinder 11; a hydraulic adjustment device is installed between the piston 3 and the rotary drive seat 4; when the door is opened, the rotary shell 9 rotates as the door gradually opens. Since the rotary drive seat 4 is fixedly connected to the rotary shell 9, the rotary drive seat 4 also rotates synchronously. Since the lower end gear of the rotary drive seat 4 drives the piston 3, the piston 3 is driven to move up and down in the inner thread of the piston cylinder 11, thereby driving the hydraulic adjustment device to work. At the same time, the spring also rotates with the rotary shell 9, thereby generating potential energy. The torque adjustment device 2 can adjust the preload of the spring, and the torque adjustment device 2 can be selected according to the weight of the door. By selecting appropriate pre-load, the hydraulic adjustment device and the torque adjustment device 2 simultaneously control the force and speed of closing the door. The present invention uses a spring with a square cross-section to replace the spring with a circular cross-section in the prior art. Due to the characteristics of its cross-sectional shape, the square spring can provide a larger contact area when subjected to pressure, and is not prone to bending and deformation when subjected to force, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the spring, providing a more stable supporting force, and being able to withstand high loads. The hydraulic adjustment device solves the problem of a sudden drop in closing speed when the door opening angle is close to 0 degrees, making the overall closing speed more uniform, bringing a better closing experience, and a higher degree of adaptability to various door types.
[0020] like Figures 9 to 11As commonly shown, the rotary drive seat 4 is provided with a cavity along the axial direction. The hydraulic adjustment device includes a valve needle installed in the cavity. Above the valve needle, there is a valve needle adjustment device 7 that movably connects to adjust the up and down displacement of the valve needle. The valve needle includes an integrally provided valve needle seat 5 and a valve needle body 6. The valve needle seat 5 is used in cooperation with the valve needle adjustment device 7. The valve needle body 6 includes a cylindrical portion 61 located above and a conical portion 62 located below. The outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 61 is the same as the outer diameter of the top end of the conical portion 62, and the outer diameter of the top end of the conical portion 62 is larger than the outer diameter of the bottom end. A stepped through hole is provided at the axis of the piston 3. The stepped through hole includes an upper gear hole 31 and a lower cylindrical hole 32 arranged coaxially. A check valve 8 is installed at the upper end inside the lower cylindrical hole 32. The valve needle body 6 penetrates through the throttle hole 81 of the check valve 8. The gap between the valve needle body 6 and the throttle hole 81 provides a passage for the flow of hydraulic oil. When the gap between the valve needle body 6 and the throttle hole 81 is large, the oil flow rate is large, and the closing speed of the door is accelerated. When the gap between the valve needle body 6 and the throttle hole 81 is small, the oil flow rate is small, and the closing speed of the door is slowed down. By controlling an appropriate gap, a suitable closing speed is selected for doors of different weights. When closing the door, the piston 3 moves downward in the piston cylinder 2, and the check valve 8 also moves downward accordingly. At this time, the closing speed mainly depends on the elastic force of the spring. At this time, the gap between the cylindrical portion 61 of the valve needle and the throttle hole 81 is fixed, and the oil flow rate is constant, which plays an auxiliary role in the closing speed. When the closing angle reaches the critical state, the influence of the elastic force of the spring on closing the door is less than the influence of the oil flow rate of the throttle valve on closing the door. At this time, the size of the oil flow rate is crucial for the closing speed. By adjusting the valve needle adjustment device 7, the boundary line between the conical portion 62 and the cylindrical portion 61 of the valve needle body 6 is located at the upper edge of the throttle hole 81. Starting from this critical state, the closing speed mainly depends on the size of the oil flow rate passing through the gap between the conical portion 62 and the throttle hole 81. Since the lower diameter of the conical portion 62 is smaller than the upper diameter, the check valve 8 moves downward following the piston 3, and the gap between the conical portion 62 and the throttle hole 81 becomes larger and the oil flow rate becomes larger, compensating for the slowdown of the closing speed caused by the insufficient elastic force of the spring. When approaching the opening angle of 0 degrees, at this time, the check valve 8 moves downward to a position close to the bottom below the conical portion 62 of the valve needle. Therefore, as the diameter of the conical portion 62 becomes smaller, it plays a key role in appropriately increasing the closing speed, resulting in a more balanced overall closing speed. Until the door is closed, the hydraulic driving force still exists, ensuring that the door closes in place. Different from the extremely slow speed when approaching closing in the prior art, the present invention realizes segmented adjustment of the closing speed through the cylindrical portion and the conical portion, and the closing speed is more balanced. The lengths of the cylindrical portion 61 and the conical portion 62 are adjusted according to the weight of the door. When the door is heavier, the length of the cylindrical portion 61 is longer and the length of the conical portion 62 is shorter. Because the heavier the door, the greater the inertia, and the smaller the power requirement for assisting the closing by increasing the oil flow rate during closing, so the length of the conical portion 62 can be shorter; on the contrary, when the door is lighter, the length of the cylindrical portion 61 is shorter and the length of the conical portion 62 is longer.
[0021] As shown Figure 5 , Figure 10 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 collectively, the rotation drive seat 4 includes a stepped cylinder body integrally provided up and down. The outer diameter of the upper cylinder is larger than that of the lower cylinder. A stepped cylindrical through hole 41 is provided in the upper cylinder. The valve needle adjusting device 7 is installed in the stepped cylindrical through hole 41. The lower end outer surface of the lower cylinder is a gear shaft 42. The gear shaft 42 meshes with the upper gear hole 31. A threaded hole 43 for cooperating with the valve needle body 6 is provided in the lower cylinder, and an internal thread is provided in the threaded hole 43. A mounting hole 44 penetrating the stepped cylindrical through hole 41 is radially provided in the upper cylinder. The valve needle adjusting device 7 includes a horizontal bevel gear 71 and a vertical bevel gear 72 vertically meshed together. The horizontal bevel gear 71 is fixedly installed in the middle of the horizontal adjusting rod 73. Both ends of the horizontal adjusting rod 73 are rotatably installed in the mounting hole 44. The vertical bevel gear 72 is fixedly installed at the top of the vertical adjusting rod 74. The lower end of the vertical adjusting rod 74 is a plate-shaped tooth 75. An adjusting notch 51 is provided at the top of the valve needle seat 5. The plate-shaped tooth 75 extends into the adjusting notch 51 to control the rotation and lifting of the valve needle. An external thread 52 for cooperating with the internal thread is provided on the outer periphery of the valve needle seat 5.
[0022] According to the size and weight of the door, it is necessary to select a suitable gap between the valve needle body 6 and the throttle hole 81. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the up and down position of the valve needle. Rotate the horizontal adjusting rod 73. The horizontal bevel gear 71 rotates, driving the vertical bevel gear 72 meshing with it to rotate. Furthermore, it drives the vertical adjusting rod 74 to rotate, converting the horizontal rotation into a rotation in the vertical direction. Furthermore, it drives the plate-shaped tooth 75 to rotate. Since the plate-shaped tooth 75 extends into the adjusting notch 51 of the valve needle seat 5, when the plate-shaped tooth 75 rotates, the valve needle seat 5 rotates accordingly. Since an external thread 52 is provided on the outer periphery of the valve needle seat 5, the valve needle seat 5 will move up and down along the thread in the rotation drive seat 4, thereby adjusting the up and down position of the valve needle body 6, and further adjusting the gap between the valve needle body 6 and the throttle hole 81.
[0023] As shown Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 12As shown together, the valve body of the one-way valve 8 is in the shape of a flat cylinder. The throttle hole 81 is opened at the axis of the valve body. A one-way conduction stepped hole 82 is opened beside the throttle hole 81 on the valve body. The ball 83 is located in the large-diameter hole below the one-way conduction stepped hole 82. The aperture of the throttle hole 81 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the valve needle body 6. Since the one-way valve 8 is installed at the upper end of the lower cylindrical hole 32, sufficient adjustment space is reserved for the valve needle body 6. The ball 83 of the one-way valve 8 is located below. Therefore, when the door is opened, the piston 3 moves upward, the one-way valve 8 conducts, and the oil passing amount increases to reserve energy for closing the door. When the door is closed, the piston 3 moves downward, the one-way valve 8 closes, and the hydraulic oil only passes through the gap between the throttle hole 81 and the valve needle body 6, slowing down the closing speed of the door. As the piston 3 continues to move downward, since the bottom end of the valve needle body 6 is conical, the gap between the throttle hole 81 and the valve needle body 6 becomes larger and larger. When the spring potential energy is exhausted, the slight increase in the oil passing amount appropriately increases the force and speed for closing the door, so that the speed is not too slow when the door is about to close, making the overall closing speed more balanced.
[0024] As Figure 6 shown, a piston seal groove 33 is opened around the outer surface of the upper end of the piston 3. A piston seal ring is installed in the piston seal groove 33. An external piston thread 34 is opened on the outer surface of the lower end of the piston 3. An internal piston cylinder thread 11 that mates with it is opened on the inner wall of the piston cylinder 11. When the rotary drive seat 4 rotates together with the housing, the gear shaft 42 controls the piston 3 to rotate synchronously, and the piston 3 moves up and down in the piston cylinder 11. The piston seal ring is not shown in the figure for the purpose of sealing the hydraulic oil. When the piston 3 moves up and down, it moves up and down in the piston cylinder 11 through the thread.
[0025] When the door closer is applied to the left door, the external piston thread 34 is a right-handed thread. When the door is opened, the piston 3 moves upward, and when the door is closed, the piston 3 moves downward; when the door closer is applied to the right door, the external piston thread 34 is a left-handed thread. When the door is opened, the piston 3 moves upward, and when the door is closed, the piston 3 moves downward.
[0026] As Figures 1 to 4As shown together, the torque adjustment device 2 includes an upper adjustment seat 21 and a lower adjustment seat 22 rotatably sleeved on the middle part of the central support rod 1. A number of torque adjustment holes 23 are circumferentially formed in the lower part of the upper adjustment seat 21 and the upper part of the lower adjustment seat 22. A spring clamping groove 24 for installing the lower end of the upper spring 20 is formed in the upper part of the upper adjustment seat 21, and a spring clamping groove 24 for installing the upper end of the lower spring 30 is formed in the lower part of the lower adjustment seat 22. The upper end of the upper spring 20 and the lower end of the lower spring 30 are clamped on the central support rod 1. Adjustment windows 91 are formed on the rotating housing 9 at the positions of the upper adjustment seat 21 and the lower adjustment seat 22. The torque adjustment hole 23 at a suitable position is selected through the adjustment window 91 and is limited and fixed to the rotating housing 9. After the upper spring 20 and the lower spring 30 are respectively clamped and installed, the horizontal positions of the top end of the upper spring 20 and the bottom end of the lower spring 30 are fixed. By rotating the upper adjustment seat 21 and the lower adjustment seat 22, the bottom position of the upper spring 20 and the top position of the lower spring 30 will be adjusted, thereby applying a preload to the upper spring 20 and the lower spring 30. A suitable preload is selected according to the weight of the door. After selecting a suitable preload, the torque adjustment hole 23 at this position is stuffed with a limit post, and the limit post is stuffed into the torque adjustment hole 23 and clamped on the rotating housing 9 to hold the preload of the upper spring 20 and the lower spring 30. When the preload needs to be adjusted, only the limit post needs to be pulled out again, and the upper adjustment seat 21 and the lower adjustment seat 22 are rotated again to reselect a suitable torque adjustment hole 23. Therefore, after the gate is installed, the opening and closing force of the door can continue to be adjusted through the adjustment window 91, which is very convenient. The torque adjustment hole 23 at a suitable position is selected through the adjustment window 91 and is limited and fixed to the rotating housing 9.
[0027] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown together, when the door closer is applied to the left gate, the upper spring 20 is a reverse rotation spring and the lower spring 30 is a forward rotation spring. When opening the door, the potential energy of the upper spring 20 and the lower spring 30 increases; when the door closer is applied to the right gate, the upper spring 20 is a forward rotation spring and the lower spring 30 is a reverse rotation spring. When opening the door, the potential energy of the upper spring 20 and the lower spring 30 increases.
[0028] The working process of the present invention is as follows: (1) Adjust According to the size and weight of the door, select a suitable closing speed.
[0029] Rotate the horizontal adjusting rod 73, the horizontal bevel gear 71 rotates, driving the meshing vertical bevel gear 72 to rotate, and then driving the vertical adjusting rod 74 to rotate, converting the horizontal rotation into a vertical rotation, and then driving the plate-shaped tooth 75 to rotate. Since the plate-shaped tooth 75 extends into the adjusting notch 51 of the valve needle seat 5, when the plate-shaped tooth 75 rotates, the valve needle seat 5 rotates accordingly. Since an external thread 52 is provided on the outer periphery of the valve needle seat 5, the valve needle seat 5 will move up and down along the thread in the rotary drive seat 4, thereby adjusting the up and down position of the valve needle body 6, and then adjusting the gap between the valve needle body 6 and the throttle hole 81, and adjusting the closing speed by adjusting the amount of oil passing through.
[0030] When closing the door, the piston 3 moves downward in the piston cylinder 2, and the one-way valve 8 also moves downward accordingly. At this time, the closing speed mainly depends on the elastic force of the spring. At this time, the gap between the cylindrical portion 61 of the valve needle and the throttle hole 81 is fixed, and the amount of oil passing through is constant, which plays an auxiliary role in the closing speed. When the closing angle reaches the critical state, the influence of the elastic force of the spring on closing is less than the influence of the amount of oil passing through the throttle valve on closing. At this time, the size of the amount of oil passing through is crucial for the closing speed. By adjusting the valve needle adjusting device 7, the boundary line between the conical portion 62 and the cylindrical portion 61 of the valve needle body 6 is located at the upper edge of the throttle hole 81. Starting from this critical state, the closing speed mainly depends on the amount of oil passing through the gap between the conical portion 62 and the throttle hole 81. Since the lower diameter of the conical portion 62 is smaller than the upper diameter, the one-way valve 8 moves downward following the piston 3, and the gap between the conical portion 62 and the throttle hole 81 becomes larger and the amount of oil passing through becomes larger, compensating for the slowdown of the closing speed caused by the insufficient elastic force of the spring. When approaching the opening angle of 0 degrees, at this time, the one-way valve 8 moves downward to a position close to the bottom below the conical portion 62 of the valve needle. Therefore, as the diameter of the conical portion 62 becomes smaller, it plays a key role in appropriately increasing the closing speed, resulting in a more balanced overall closing speed. Until the gate is closed, the hydraulic driving force still exists, ensuring that the door is closed in place. Different from the extremely slow speed when approaching closing in the prior art, the present invention realizes segmented adjustment of the closing speed through the cylindrical portion and the conical portion, and the closing speed is more balanced.
[0031] (2) Adjust the closing force.
[0032] After the upper spring 20 and the lower spring 30 are respectively snap-fitted and installed, the horizontal positions of the top end of the upper spring 20 and the bottom end of the lower spring 30 are fixed. By rotating the upper adjusting seat 21 and the lower adjusting seat 22, the bottom position of the upper spring 20 and the top position of the lower spring 30 can be adjusted, thereby applying a preload to the upper spring 20 and the lower spring 30. Select an appropriate preload according to the weight of the door. After selecting the appropriate preload, insert the torque adjustment hole 23 at this position into the limit post, and through the limit post, insert it into the torque adjustment hole 23 and snap it onto the rotating housing 9. The limit post does not extend into the central support rod 1, which can ensure that the strength of the central support rod 1 is not affected. To hold the preload of the upper spring 20 and the lower spring 30, when the preload needs to be adjusted, just pull out the limit post again and rotate the upper adjusting seat 21 and the lower adjusting seat 22 again to select the appropriate torque adjustment hole 23. Therefore, after the gate is installed, the opening and closing force of the door can continue to be adjusted through the adjustment window 91, which is very convenient. Select the torque adjustment hole 23 at an appropriate position through the adjustment window 91 and limit and fix it to the rotating housing 9.
[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
[0034] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed, characterized by: The invention comprises a central support rod (1), a bottom support seat (10) being fixedly mounted at the bottom of the central support rod (1), a rotating shell (9) being rotatably mounted on the central support rod (1) and located above the bottom support seat (10), two springs with opposite rotation directions being an upper spring (20) and a lower spring (30) being mounted in a gap between the rotating shell (9) and the central support rod (1), the potential energy of the two springs increasing when the door is opened, and a torque adjustment device (2) being arranged between the springs and the rotating shell (9); the central support rod A piston cylinder (11) is integrally provided at the top of the rotating housing (1), and a piston (3) is installed in the internal thread of the piston cylinder (11); a rotating drive seat (4) is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating housing (9), and the lower end gear of the rotating drive seat (4) is connected to the piston (3); when the rotating drive seat (4) rotates with the rotating housing (9), the gear of the rotating drive seat (4) drives the piston (3) to move up and down in the piston cylinder (11); a hydraulic adjustment device is installed between the piston (3) and the rotating drive seat (4).
2. The door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive seat (4) is provided with a cavity along the axial direction, the hydraulic adjustment device includes a valve needle installed in the cavity, and a valve needle adjustment device (7) for adjusting the up and down displacement of the valve needle is movably connected above the valve needle, the valve needle includes an integrally arranged valve needle seat (5) and a valve needle body (6), the valve needle seat (5) is used in conjunction with the valve needle adjustment device (7), the valve needle body (6) includes a cylindrical portion (61) located at the top and a conical portion (62) located at the bottom, the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion (61) is consistent with the outer diameter of the top end of the conical portion (62), the outer diameter of the top end of the conical portion (62) is larger than the outer diameter of the bottom end, a stepped through hole is provided at the axis of the piston (3), the stepped through hole includes a coaxially arranged upper gear hole (31) and a lower cylindrical hole (32), a one-way valve (8) is installed at the upper end of the lower cylindrical hole (32), and the valve needle body (6) passes through the throttling hole (81) of the one-way valve (8).
3. The door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary drive seat (4) comprises a stepped cylinder integrally arranged in an upper and lower part, the outer diameter of the upper cylinder being larger than the outer diameter of the lower cylinder, a stepped cylindrical through hole (41) being provided in the upper cylinder, and the valve needle adjustment device (7) being installed in the stepped cylindrical through hole (41); the outer surface of the lower end of the lower cylinder is a gear shaft (42), the gear shaft (42) is meshed with the upper gear hole (31), and a threaded hole (43) for use with the valve needle body (6) is provided in the lower cylinder, and an internal thread is provided in the threaded hole (43).
4. The door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The upper cylinder is radially provided with a mounting hole (44) penetrating the stepped cylindrical through hole (41); the valve needle adjustment device (7) comprises a horizontal bevel gear (71) and a vertical bevel gear (72) vertically meshed together; the horizontal bevel gear (71) is fixedly mounted on the middle part of the horizontal adjustment rod (73); both ends of the horizontal adjustment rod (73) are rotatably mounted in the mounting hole (44); the vertical bevel gear (72) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the vertical adjustment rod (74); and the lower end of the vertical adjustment rod (74) is a plate-shaped shifting tooth (75).
5. The door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the valve needle seat (5) is provided with an adjustment notch (51), and the plate-shaped shifting tooth (75) extends into the adjustment notch (51) to control the rotation and lifting of the valve needle. The outer periphery of the valve needle seat (5) is provided with an external thread (52) for use with the internal thread.
6. The door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The valve body of the one-way valve (8) is in the shape of a flat cylinder. The throttling hole (81) is opened at the axis of the valve body. A one-way conducting stepped hole (82) is opened on the valve body next to the throttling hole (81). The ball (83) is located in a large-diameter hole below the one-way conducting stepped hole (82). The diameter of the throttling hole (81) is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the valve needle body (6).
7. The door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the piston (3) is provided with a piston sealing groove (33) around the outer surface, and a piston sealing ring is installed in the piston sealing groove (33). The lower end outer surface of the piston (3) is provided with a piston external thread (34), and the inner wall of the piston cylinder (11) is provided with a piston cylinder (11) internal thread that matches the piston cylinder (11). When the rotary drive seat (4) rotates together with the outer shell, the gear shaft (42) controls the piston (3) to rotate synchronously, and the piston (3) moves up and down in the piston cylinder (11).
8. The door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: When the door closer is applied to a left-hand door, the piston outer thread (34) is a forward thread, and when the door is opened, the piston (3) moves upward, and when the door is closed, the piston (3) moves downward; when the door closer is applied to a right-hand door, the piston outer thread (34) is a reverse thread, and when the door is opened, the piston (3) moves upward, and when the door is closed, the piston (3) moves downward.
9. The door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The torque adjustment device (2) comprises an upper adjustment seat (21) and a lower adjustment seat (22) which are rotatably mounted on the middle part of the central support rod (1); a plurality of torque adjustment holes (23) are circumferentially provided at the lower part of the upper adjustment seat (21) and the upper part of the lower adjustment seat (22); a spring clamping groove (24) for mounting the lower end of the upper spring (20) is provided at the upper part of the upper adjustment seat (21); a spring clamping groove (24) for mounting the upper end of the lower spring (30) is provided at the lower part of the lower adjustment seat (22); the upper end of the upper spring (20) and the lower end of the lower spring (30) are clamped on the central support rod (1); and adjustment windows (91) are provided on the rotating housing (9) at the upper adjustment seat (21) and the lower adjustment seat (22); a torque adjustment hole (23) at a suitable position is selected through the adjustment window (91) and is fixed to the rotating housing (9) in a limited manner.
10. The door closer with adjustable torque and balanced closing speed as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: When the door closer is applied to a left-side door, the upper spring (20) is a reverse-rotation spring and the lower spring (30) is a forward-rotation spring. When the door is opened, the potential energy of the upper spring (20) and the lower spring (30) increases. When the door closer is applied to a right-side door, the upper spring (20) is a forward-rotation spring and the lower spring (30) is a reverse-rotation spring. When the door is opened, the potential energy of the upper spring (20) and the lower spring (30) increases.