A building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization

Abstract

This invention discloses a building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization, belonging to the field of building structure design technology. Utilizing a data input module, the method inputs the parameters required to achieve the initial design goals and the actual structural parameters. A comparison and evaluation module sequentially calculates and outputs the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW, and cost-effectiveness index JC. Based on the compared and evaluated structure, adjustments are made to the building structure design in terms of strength, stability, and cost. An iterative control module controls the iteration of the entire design process until the design meets all the initial design goals. This invention achieves comprehensive evaluation of structural strength, guides material selection, improves design efficiency, ensures structural safety, optimizes structural design, and reduces maintenance costs. These beneficial effects collectively constitute a solid foundation for building structure design and provide strong support for the high-quality development of the construction industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure design technology, specifically a building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization. Background Technology

[0002] Architectural structural design is the design work carried out by architects before construction, based on the purpose of the project. This process aims to address potential problems during construction and ensure the structural stability and safety of the building. The development of architectural structural design can be traced back to ancient times, but at that time, the design and social division of labor were not clear. Carpenters usually designed and constructed the structures based on their personal experience and creativity. With social progress and the advancement of science and technology, architectural structural design and construction have gradually formed two independent disciplines, and many new architectural structural design schemes and technologies have emerged.

[0003] Currently, existing design methods often employ a single-objective optimization strategy, focusing solely on structural strength or cost-effectiveness while neglecting other important indicators and the trade-offs and optimizations between multiple objectives. This leads to significant deficiencies in the design results in certain aspects. Furthermore, existing technologies lack a systematic framework to integrate multiple design objectives, making it difficult for designers to make comprehensive and accurate decisions when faced with multiple goals. Moreover, existing technologies present difficulties in parameter adjustment, often leaving designers struggling to determine which parameters need adjustment and how to adjust them to achieve the optimal balance among multiple objectives. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization, the specific implementation steps of which are as follows:

[0006] Step 1: Using the data input module, input the parameters that the building structure design aims to achieve, as well as the actual structural parameters;

[0007] Step 2: Using the comparative evaluation module, calculate and output the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW, and cost-benefit index JC of the building structure in sequence;

[0008] Step 3: Based on the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW, and cost-effectiveness index JC, firstly, the cost-effectiveness index JC is compared and evaluated. If the result is unsatisfactory, then the structural strength JQ and structural stability index JW are compared and evaluated. Based on the results of the comparison and evaluation, the design of the building structure is adjusted in terms of strength, stability, and cost.

[0009] Step 4: Based on the adjustment results, and using the iteration control module to control the iteration of the entire design process, until the design meets all the goals required at the beginning of the design;

[0010] The parameters to be achieved in the initial design of the building structure include the reference natural vibration period T0, reference frequency f0, reference cost-effectiveness index JC0, reference structural stability index JW0, and reference structural strength JQ0. The actual structural parameters include the material weight coefficient ZC, cross-sectional area HM, shear force QL, beam length L, dynamic load coefficient D, height H, torque NJ, and maximum torque NJ. max Cross-sectional moment of inertia I, material cost CB1, labor cost CB2, environmental cost HC;

[0011] The comparative evaluation module includes a structural load-bearing performance unit, a structural stability analysis unit, and a building structure cost-effectiveness evaluation unit.

[0012] Optionally, the data input module may use an input device.

[0013] The equipment used in the comparison and evaluation module includes computers and storage devices;

[0014] The equipment used by the iterative control module includes project management software and automated testing tools.

[0015] Optionally, the calculation formula for the structural load-bearing capacity unit is as follows:

[0016] ;

[0017] in:

[0018] JQ represents structural strength;

[0019] ZC is the material weight coefficient, which reflects the combined effect of material density and strength;

[0020] HM stands for cross-sectional area, which reflects the size of the cross-section of a structural member.

[0021] QL is the shear force, which reflects the force acting on the structure during horizontal shear.

[0022] L is the beam length, and L reflects the length of the structural member;

[0023] D is the dynamic load factor, which reflects the influence of dynamic loads on the structure.

[0024] H represents the height, reflecting both the structural height and the number of floors.

[0025] Optionally, the formula for calculating the material weight coefficient ZC is as follows:

[0026] ZC = a×m + b×E + QFQ×c;

[0027] m is the material density;

[0028] E is the elastic modulus;

[0029] QFQ is the yield strength;

[0030] a, b, and c are all coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a + b + c = 1;

[0031] When calculating the shear force QL, with the left end of the beam as the origin and the right direction as the positive direction, an x-axis is established. Let the cross-section position be x. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0032] If x < L / 2, then QL = P×(x / L);

[0033] If x > L / 2, then QL = P×((L - x) / L);

[0034] P is the concentrated load at the left end of the beam;

[0035] x is specifically the distance from the cross-section position to the left end of the beam;

[0036] The calculation formula for the dynamic load coefficient D is as follows:

[0037] D = a1×(T / T0) n + a2×(f / f0) m ;

[0038] T is the natural vibration period, and T0 is the reference natural vibration period;

[0039] f is the frequency, and f0 is the reference frequency;

[0040] The reference natural vibration period T0 and the reference frequency f0 are both preset parameters required at the beginning of the design;

[0041] a1 and a2 are all coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a1 + a2 = 1;

[0042] n and m are specifically exponential terms.

[0043] Optionally, the calculation formula for the analysis structure stability unit is as follows:

[0044] ;

[0045] ;

[0046] Where:

[0047] JW is the structure stability index;

[0048] QZL is the theoretical buckling beam length, which reflects the length of the structure when it theoretically buckles.

[0049] NJ is torque, which reflects the torsional moment acting on the structure;

[0050] NJ max Maximum torque;

[0051] I represents the moment of inertia of the cross section.

[0052] Optionally, the calculation formula for the cost-benefit assessment unit of the building structure is as follows:

[0053] ;

[0054] in:

[0055] JC stands for Cost-Effectiveness Index;

[0056] HC stands for environmental cost;

[0057] CB1 represents material costs, and CB2 represents labor costs.

[0058] Optionally, the formula for calculating the environmental cost HC is as follows:

[0059] HC=C s +C y +C u +C f -C h ;

[0060] C s To incur pollution costs during production;

[0061] C y The pollution costs incurred during transportation;

[0062] C u The pollution costs incurred during use;

[0063] C f The pollution costs incurred upon disposal;

[0064] C h This represents a reduction in pollution costs during recycling;

[0065] Among them, pollution costs incurred during production C s Pollution costs incurred during transportation (C) y Pollution costs incurred during use (C) u And the pollution costs incurred during disposal C f This reflects the environmental costs incurred during the production, transportation, use, and disposal of materials, while the reduction in pollution costs during recycling (C) is a separate factor. hIt reflects the environmental costs reduced through recycling and reuse measures.

[0066] Optionally, the optimization adjustment based on the cost-benefit index JC is as follows:

[0067] First, at the beginning of the design, the reference cost-benefit index JC0, the reference structural stability index JW0, and the reference structural strength JQ0 are set according to the design requirements and various parameters to be achieved in the design;

[0068] If JC > JC0, it means that the cost-benefit performance is good, and there is no need to observe the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW;

[0069] If JC < JC0, it means that the cost-benefit performance is poor, and the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW need to be analyzed and optimized.

[0070] Optionally, based on the fact that the cost-benefit index JC reflects poor cost-benefit performance, the analysis of the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW is as follows:

[0071] Structural strength JQ

[0072] If JQ > JQ0, it means that the structural strength meets the requirements, and the structural stability index JW needs to be analyzed and optimized;

[0073] If JQ < JQ0, it means that the structural strength is insufficient, and the strength of the material and the size of the structural members need to be increased, thereby increasing the material weight coefficient ZC and the cross-sectional area HM;

[0074] Structural stability index JW

[0075] If JW > JW0, it means that the structural stability meets the requirements, and the structural strength JQ needs to be analyzed and optimized;

[0076] If JW < JW0, it means that the structural stability is insufficient, and the supports and layouts of the structure need to be increased, thereby increasing the beam length QZL under theoretical buckling and the maximum torque NJ max ;

[0077] In addition, if JQ > JQ0 and JW > JW0, the cost of the structure is adjusted.

[0078] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0079] First, the method proposed by the present invention realizes the trade-off and optimization among multiple objectives of structural strength, stability, and cost-benefit by constructing an algorithm formula for the interconnection of the structural bearing performance unit, the analysis of the structural stability unit, and the evaluation of the building structure cost-benefit unit. This method can more comprehensively evaluate the performance and economy of the building structure, thereby obtaining a better design method and result.

[0080] Second, the method proposed in this invention provides a systematic framework for integrating multiple design objectives, thereby enabling a clearer understanding of the relationships and mutual influences between the objectives and making more accurate decisions.

[0081] Third, the method proposed in this invention uses a cyclical influence mechanism, taking the cost-benefit index JC as feedback to adjust the building structure. Simultaneously, it also adjusts the parameters in the structural bearing capacity unit and the structural stability analysis unit accordingly. Specific adjustments include the material weight coefficient ZC, cross-sectional area HM, theoretical buckling beam length QZL, and maximum torque NJ. max In terms of cost, this parameter adjustment method not only improves the flexibility of the design but also makes the design results more in line with actual needs, thereby optimizing cost-effectiveness and further improving the stability of the structure. Attached Figure Description

[0082] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the multi-objective optimization-based building structure design method.

[0083] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram illustrating the parameters required to achieve the objectives in the initial design of the building structure in this invention.

[0084] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the actual structural parameters in this invention;

[0085] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the comparative evaluation module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0086] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0087] This multi-objective optimization-based building structure design method differs from existing methods. Existing methods often result in significant shortcomings in design outcomes, lack a systematic framework to integrate multiple design objectives, and face difficulties in parameter adjustment. In contrast, this algorithm achieves comprehensive evaluation of structural strength, guides material selection, improves design efficiency, ensures structural safety, optimizes structural design, reduces maintenance costs, guides economic decision-making, promotes sustainable development, and enhances customer satisfaction. These beneficial effects collectively form a solid foundation for building structure design and provide strong support for the high-quality development of the construction industry.

[0088] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This implementation provides a building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0089] Step 1: Using the data input module, input the parameters that the building structure design aims to achieve, as well as the actual structural parameters;

[0090] Step 2: Using the comparative evaluation module, calculate and output the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW, and cost-benefit index JC of the building structure in sequence;

[0091] Step 3: Based on the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW, and cost-effectiveness index JC, firstly, the cost-effectiveness index JC is compared and evaluated. If the result is unsatisfactory, then the structural strength JQ and structural stability index JW are compared and evaluated. Based on the results of the comparison and evaluation, the design of the building structure is adjusted in terms of strength, stability, and cost.

[0092] Step 4: Based on the adjustment results, and using the iteration control module to control the iteration of the entire design process, until the design meets all the goals required at the beginning of the design;

[0093] The parameters that need to be achieved in the initial design of the building structure include the reference natural vibration period T0, reference frequency f0, reference cost-effectiveness index JC0, reference structural stability index JW0, and reference structural strength JQ0. The actual structural parameters include the material weight coefficient ZC, cross-sectional area HM, shear force QL, beam length L, dynamic load coefficient D, height H, torque NJ, and maximum torque NJ. max Cross-sectional moment of inertia I, material cost CB1, labor cost CB2, environmental cost HC;

[0094] The comparative evaluation module includes a structural load-bearing capacity unit, a structural stability analysis unit, and a building structure cost-effectiveness evaluation unit.

[0095] The data input module includes input devices;

[0096] The comparative evaluation module includes a computer and storage devices;

[0097] The iteration control module includes project management software and automated testing tools.

[0098] In this embodiment, the system utilizes the cooperation of three algorithm units and combines the results of three calculations—JQ, JW, and JC—to form a comprehensive, efficient, and sustainable building structure design framework. Specifically, JQ represents structural strength, and the parameters involved in this calculation collectively reflect the structure's load-bearing capacity under various loads. Calculating JQ allows us to understand the structure's strength performance under different working conditions, thus providing theoretical support for the structure's safety and stability. JW represents the structural stability index; calculating JW allows us to evaluate the structure's stability performance under different load conditions, thereby identifying potential instability factors. This is crucial for ensuring the safety and stability of the structure during long-term use. In addition, JW can also serve as feedback to guide the adjustment of structural parameters to further improve structural stability. JC is a cost-effectiveness index. Through the calculation of JC, the economy and feasibility of different design schemes can be comprehensively evaluated. This helps to select the most cost-effective scheme from multiple schemes, ensuring that the project is economically feasible and meets environmental protection requirements. At the same time, the results of JC also serve as feedback to guide designers to adjust structural parameters and material selection to further optimize cost-effectiveness. Moreover, the calculation results of JC can also affect the calculation of JQ and JW, making the three algorithms of this system highly correlated and entangled. The cyclical influence of JC on JQ and JW further enhances the flexibility and economy of the design.

[0099] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The calculation formula for the structural bearing capacity unit is as follows:

[0100] ;

[0101] in:

[0102] JQ represents structural strength;

[0103] ZC is the material weight coefficient, which reflects the combined effect of material density and strength;

[0104] HM stands for cross-sectional area, which reflects the size of the cross-section of a structural member.

[0105] QL is the shear force, which reflects the force acting on the structure during horizontal shear.

[0106] L is the beam length, and L reflects the length of the structural member;

[0107] D is the dynamic load factor, which reflects the influence of dynamic loads on the structure.

[0108] H represents the height, reflecting the height of the structure and the number of floors.

[0109] The formula for calculating the material weight factor ZC is as follows:

[0110] ZC = a×m + b×E + QFQ×c;

[0111] m is the material density;

[0112] E is the modulus of elasticity;

[0113] QFQ is the yield strength;

[0114] b, b, and c are all coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a + b + c = 1;

[0115] When calculating the shear force QL, with the left end of the beam as the origin and the right direction as the positive direction, an x-axis is established. Let the cross-section position be x. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0116] If x < L / 2, then QL = P×(x / L);

[0117] If x > L / 2, then QL = P×((L - x) / L);

[0118] P is the concentrated load at the left end of the beam;

[0119] x is specifically the distance from the cross-section position to the left end of the beam;

[0120] The calculation formula for the dynamic load coefficient D is as follows:

[0121] D = a1×(T / T0) n + a2×(f / f0) m ;

[0122] T is the natural vibration period, and T0 is the reference natural vibration period;

[0123] f is the frequency, and f0 is the reference frequency;

[0124] The reference natural vibration period T0 and the reference frequency f0 are both preset parameters required at the beginning of the design;

[0125] a1 and a2 are both coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a1 + a2 = 1;

[0126] n and m are specifically exponential terms.

[0127] In this embodiment: First, the part of " " in this algorithm unit calculates the product of the material weight coefficient ZC and the cross-sectional area HM. It represents the combined effect of the weight of the material itself and the size of the cross-section of the structural member on the structural strength. A larger material weight coefficient ZC and cross-sectional area HM usually mean higher structural strength. As one of the main components of the structural bearing performance unit, it provides the basic contribution to the structural strength and, together with other terms, jointly determines the structural strength JQ of the structure;

[0128] “ "The calculation section calculates the ratio of shear force QL to beam length L, which reflects the magnitude of shear force per unit length of beam. Shear force QL is one of the key factors to consider in structural design because it has a significant impact on the stability and strength of the structure. This calculation section obtains a shear force effect index that is independent of beam length by dividing the shear force QL by the beam length L. This index, together with the product of the material weight coefficient ZC and the cross-sectional area HM, works together to calculate the structural strength JQ."

[0129] “ "The calculation part calculates the product of the dynamic load factor D and the height H. It takes into account the influence of dynamic load on the structure and the amplification effect of the structure height on the dynamic response. The dynamic load factor D is usually used to reflect the additional requirements of dynamic load on the structural strength JQ. As a subtraction term in the structural bearing capacity unit, this calculation part reflects the negative effects of dynamic load and structural height on structural strength, which need to be considered and deducted in the structural strength JQ calculation.

[0130] This algorithm covers multiple key influencing factors of structural strength JQ through structural bearing capacity unit, thereby enabling a comprehensive and accurate assessment of the structure's bearing capacity. By adjusting these parameters, it can simulate structural strength HQ under different working conditions, thus ensuring that the structure maintains sufficient strength under various conditions.

[0131] Material weight coefficient ZC and cross-sectional area HM are key parameters in structural load-bearing capacity units. They directly affect the strength of the structure and the efficiency of material use. By adjusting these parameters, the selection of materials can be optimized to ensure that the material cost is reduced as much as possible while meeting the strength requirements. At the same time, this also provides theoretical support for the research and development and application of new materials.

[0132] Furthermore, the simplicity and clarity of the structural load-bearing capacity unit enable rapid calculation of structural strength, thereby greatly shortening the design cycle. Moreover, through automated and intelligent design software, parameters can be adjusted more efficiently, and multiple simulations and optimizations can be performed, further improving design efficiency.

[0133] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The calculation formula for the structural stability element is as follows:

[0134] ;

[0135] ;

[0136] in:

[0137] JW is the structural stability index;

[0138] QZL is the theoretical buckling beam length, which reflects the length of the structure when it theoretically buckles.

[0139] NJ is torque, which reflects the torsional moment acting on the structure;

[0140] NJ max Maximum torque;

[0141] I represents the moment of inertia of the cross section.

[0142] In this embodiment, firstly, " The calculation section calculates the product of the structural strength JQ and the ratio of the actual length of the beam to the theoretical buckling length. This reflects the relationship between the structural strength JQ and the beam's buckling stability. When the actual length of the beam approaches or exceeds its theoretical buckling length, the structural stability will significantly decrease. As one of the main components of the structural stability analysis unit, it provides a fundamental contribution to structural stability analysis by relating it to the torque NJ and the maximum torque NJ. max The ratios of the terms are subtracted from each other, and together they determine the stability of the structure, namely the structural stability index JW.

[0143] “ The calculation section calculates the torque NJ and the maximum torque NJ. max The ratio of the height H to the actual torque NJ reflects the stability of the structure under torque NJ. This stability is determined when the actual torque approaches or exceeds the maximum torque NJ. max When the structure becomes unstable, the introduction of height H takes into account the influence of structural height on stability. This calculation part is a subtraction term in the analysis of structural stability unit, which reflects the instability tendency of the structure under the action of torque NJ.

[0144] This algorithm unit calculates the structural stability index JW, which can accurately assess the stability performance of a structure under various loads. This helps to identify potential safety hazards in a timely manner and avoid buckling and collapse accidents. At the same time, it also provides theoretical support for the optimized design and reinforcement of structures.

[0145] Based on the stability analysis results, the theoretical buckling beam length QZL and the maximum torque NJ can be adjusted. max Parameters are used to optimize the design of the structure. By adjusting the parameters reasonably, it is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the structure and improve the overall performance of the structure while meeting the stability requirements.

[0146] Furthermore, a stable structure can reduce maintenance costs caused by deformation and cracking. Stability analysis can also predict the deformation of the structure under long-term loads, allowing for timely reinforcement measures and extending the service life of the structure.

[0147] Please see Figures 1 to 4The calculation formula for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of building structures is as follows:

[0148] ;

[0149] in:

[0150] JC stands for Cost-Effectiveness Index;

[0151] HC stands for environmental cost;

[0152] CB1 represents material costs, and CB2 represents labor costs.

[0153] The formula for calculating environmental cost (HC) is as follows:

[0154] HC=C s +C y +C u +C f -C h ;

[0155] C s To incur pollution costs during production;

[0156] C y The pollution costs incurred during transportation;

[0157] C u The pollution costs incurred during use;

[0158] C f The pollution costs incurred upon disposal;

[0159] C h This represents a reduction in pollution costs during recycling;

[0160] Among them, pollution costs incurred during production C s Pollution costs incurred during transportation (C) y Pollution costs incurred during use (C) u And the pollution costs incurred during disposal C f This reflects the environmental costs incurred during the production, transportation, use, and disposal of materials, while the reduction in pollution costs during recycling (C) is a separate factor. h This reflects the reduced environmental costs achieved through recycling and reuse measures.

[0161] In this embodiment, the algorithm unit first bases on " "This product term occupies an important position in the numerator of the calculation formula for the cost-effectiveness unit of building structure evaluation. Among them, the structural stability index JW represents the result of the stability analysis of the structure, which reflects the structure's resistance to buckling and torsion under various loads, while HC represents the environmental cost, which takes into account the environmental impact and renewability of materials. The purpose of multiplying the structural stability index JW and the environmental cost HC in this calculation part is to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between the stability of the structure and the environmental cost. Stability is an important indicator of structural safety, while the environmental cost HC reflects the potential impact of the structure on the environment during construction and operation. By multiplying these two, a comprehensive index that considers both structural safety and environmental impact can be obtained."

[0162] “ "The calculation section calculates the sum of material cost CB1 and labor cost CB2, which reflects the direct economic cost of building structure design. Material cost CB1 and labor cost CB2 are the two most important cost expenditures in a building project. As one of the denominators of the unit for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of building structure, it provides the basis for cost-effectiveness analysis. By combining with structural stability, environmental cost HC, and the square root term of the difference between structural strength JQ and stability, it jointly determines the cost-effectiveness index JC."

[0163] “ "The square root term in the calculation section also occupies an important position in the denominator of the cost-benefit index JC formula. Here, the structural stability index JW represents the stability analysis results of the structure, while the structural strength JQ represents the structural strength, which reflects the load-bearing capacity of the structure under various loads. This expression calculates the difference between stability and structural strength JQ, squares it, adds 1, and then takes the square root to obtain a comprehensive index reflecting the fluctuation of structural performance. The purpose of calculating this square root term is to quantify the difference between structural stability and strength and incorporate it as a trade-off factor into the cost-benefit index JC formula. Stability and strength are two important aspects of structural performance, and there is a difference between them. By squarening the difference between stability and strength, adding 1, and then taking the square root, a comprehensive index that considers both the magnitude of the difference and avoids the influence of negative values ​​can be obtained."

[0164] This algorithm unit calculates the cost-benefit index JC, which can comprehensively evaluate the economics of different design schemes. This helps to select the most cost-effective scheme from multiple options, ensuring the economic feasibility of the project. At the same time, it also provides a scientific basis for the project's investment decision.

[0165] In the environmental cost HC item of the building structure cost - benefit unit, the importance of environmental protection and sustainability is emphasized. By considering environmental costs, more environmentally friendly and renewable materials and technologies can be selected, reducing the impact of buildings on the environment, which helps to promote the green and sustainable development of the construction industry;

[0166] In addition, on the premise of meeting structural strength and safety, cost reduction can improve the cost - performance of the project. Through reasonable cost - benefit analysis, on the premise of ensuring quality, the investment cost of customers can be reduced, thereby improving customer satisfaction and loyalty;

[0167] Example two, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the optimization adjustment based on the cost - benefit index JC is as follows:

[0168] Firstly, at the beginning of the design, reference cost - benefit index JC0, reference structural stability index JW0, and reference structural strength JQ0 are set according to design requirements and various parameters to be achieved in the design;

[0169] If JC > JC0, it means that the cost - benefit performance is good, and there is no need to observe the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW;

[0170] If JC < JC0, it means that the cost - benefit performance is poor, and the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW need to be analyzed and optimized;

[0171] Based on the fact that the cost - benefit index JC reflects poor cost - benefit performance, the analysis of the structural strength JQ and the structural stability index JW is as follows:

[0172] Structural strength JQ

[0173] If JQ > JQ0, it means that the structural strength meets the requirements, and the structural stability index JW needs to be analyzed and optimized;

[0174] If JQ < JQ0, it means that the structural strength is insufficient, and the strength of the material and the size of the structural member need to be increased, thereby increasing the material weight coefficient ZC and the cross - sectional area HM;

[0175] Structural stability index JW

[0176] If JW > JW0, it means that the structural stability meets the requirements, and the structural strength JQ needs to be analyzed and optimized;

[0177] If JW < JW0, it means that the structural stability is insufficient, and the supports and layout of the structure need to be increased, thereby increasing the beam length QZL under theoretical buckling and the maximum torque NJ max ;

[0178] In addition, if JQ > JQ0 and JW > JW0, the cost of the structure is adjusted.

[0179] In this embodiment, by adjusting the material weight coefficient ZC and cross-sectional area HM parameters, costs can be further reduced and cost-effectiveness improved while ensuring structural strength JQ. The cyclical influence mechanism allows for flexible parameter adjustment during the design process to meet different design requirements and constraints. Furthermore, in order to reduce costs and improve efficiency, new materials, technologies, and design methods will be explored, thereby promoting technological innovation and development in the construction industry. By simultaneously considering structural strength, stability, and cost-effectiveness, this comparative strategy ensures that the design achieves optimality in multiple dimensions. This systematic approach avoids the limitations of single-objective optimization, thereby improving the overall performance of the design.

[0180] Specifically, the comparative analysis framework can clearly reveal the problems in the design. When the cost-benefit index JC is poor, it can be further analyzed whether the problem is caused by insufficient structural strength or instability. This precise positioning helps to quickly find solutions and reduce the number of design iterations. Based on the comparative analysis results, the material weight coefficient ZC, cross-sectional area HM, theoretical buckling length of beams, and critical torque parameters can be flexibly adjusted. This flexibility allows the design to adapt to different needs and constraints, improving the practicality and adaptability of the design. Through cost-benefit analysis, this strategy can ensure that the design meets performance requirements while minimizing costs, which helps to improve the economic benefits of building projects and enhance market competitiveness. In addition, the comparative analysis of structural strength and stability ensures the reliability of the design in terms of safety. By increasing the material weight coefficient ZC, cross-sectional area HM, and optimizing the structural layout, the load-bearing capacity and anti-instability capacity of the structure can be effectively improved, thereby ensuring the safety of the building.

[0181] In summary, the comparative analysis strategy of combining structural bearing capacity units, structural stability units, and cost-effectiveness evaluation units and their parameters has significant beneficial effects in the multi-objective optimization process of building structure design. It can not only improve the overall performance and economy of the design, but also enhance the safety of the structure, providing a strong guarantee for the successful implementation of building projects.

[0182] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization, characterized in that, The specific implementation steps are as follows: Step 1: Use the data input module to input the parameters required to achieve the goals at the beginning of the building structure design and the actual structural parameters; Step 2: Use the comparison and evaluation module to calculate and output the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW, and cost-benefit index JC of the building structure in sequence; Step 3: Based on the structural strength JQ, structural stability index JW, and cost-benefit index JC, first conduct a comparison and evaluation of the cost-benefit index JC. If the result shows poor performance, then conduct a comparison and evaluation of the structural strength JQ and structural stability index JW, and adjust the design of the building structure in terms of strength, stability, and cost according to the results of the comparison and evaluation; Step 4: According to the adjustment results, and use the iterative control module to control the iteration of the entire design process until the design meets all the goals required at the beginning of the design; The parameters that need to be achieved in the initial design of the building structure include the reference natural vibration period T0, reference frequency f0, reference cost-effectiveness index JC0, reference structural stability index JW0, and reference structural strength JQ0. The actual structural parameters include the material weight coefficient ZC, cross-sectional area HM, shear force QL, beam length L, dynamic load coefficient D, height H, torque NJ, and maximum torque NJ. max Cross-sectional moment of inertia I, material cost CB1, labor cost CB2, environmental cost HC; The comparison and evaluation module includes a structural bearing performance unit, an analysis of structural stability unit, and an evaluation of the cost-benefit of the building structure unit; The calculation formula of the structural bearing performance unit is as follows: ； Where: JQ is the structural strength; ZC is the material weight coefficient, and ZC reflects the comprehensive effect of material density and strength; HM is the cross-sectional area, and HM reflects the cross-sectional size of the structural member; QL is the shear force, and QL reflects the horizontal shear force acting on the structure; L is the beam length, and L reflects the length of the structural member; D is the dynamic load coefficient, and D reflects the impact of dynamic loads on the structure; H is the height, and H reflects the height of the structure and the number of floors; The calculation formula of the analysis of structural stability unit is as follows: ； ； Where: JW is the structural stability index; QZL is the beam length under theoretical buckling, and QZL reflects the length when the structure buckles theoretically; NJ is the torque, and NJ reflects the torsional moment acting on the structure; NJ max Maximum torque; I is the moment of inertia of the cross-section; The calculation formula of the evaluation of the cost-benefit of the building structure unit is as follows: ； Where: JC is the cost-benefit index; HC is the environmental cost; [[ID= ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ If JW < JW0, it indicates insufficient structural stability. Increase the support and layout of the structure, thereby increasing the beam length QZL under theoretical buckling and the maximum torque NJ max ; In addition, if JQ > JQ0 and JW > JW0, the cost of the structure is adjusted.

2. A building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that the devices used by the data input module include input devices; the devices used by the comparison and evaluation module include computers and storage devices; the devices used by the iteration control module include project management software and automated testing tools.

3. The building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the material weight coefficient ZC is as follows: ZC = a × m + b × E + QFQ × c; m is the material density; E is the elastic modulus; QFQ is the yield strength; a, b, and c are all coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a + b + c = 1; When calculating the shear force QL, with the left end of the beam as the origin and the right direction as the positive direction, an x-axis is established. Let the cross-section position be x. The specific calculation formula is as follows: If x < L / 2, then QL = P × (x / L); If x > L / 2, then QL = P × ((L - x) / L); P is the concentrated load at the left end of the beam; x is specifically the distance from the cross-section position to the left end of the beam; The calculation formula of the dynamic load coefficient D is as follows: D=a1×(T / T0) n +a2×(f / f0) m ; T is the natural vibration period, and T0 is the reference natural vibration period; f is the frequency, and f0 is the reference frequency; Both the reference natural vibration period T0 and the reference frequency f0 are preset parameters required at the beginning of the design; a1 and a2 are both coefficients obtained by fitting experimental data at the beginning of the design, and a1 + a2 = 1; n and m are specifically exponential terms.

4. The building structure design method based on multi-objective optimization according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the environmental cost HC is as follows: HC=C s +C y +C u +C f -C h ; C s The production process incurs pollution costs; C y The pollution costs incurred during transportation; C u The pollution costs incurred during use; C f The pollution costs incurred upon disposal; C h This represents a reduction in pollution costs during recycling; Among them, pollution costs incurred during production C s Pollution costs incurred during transportation (C) y Pollution costs incurred during use (C) u And the pollution costs incurred during disposal C f This reflects the environmental costs incurred during the production, transportation, use, and disposal of materials, while the reduction in pollution costs during recycling (C) is a separate factor. h This reflects the reduced environmental costs achieved through recycling and reuse measures.

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