Gas storage cavern surrounding rock compression deformation simulation design method, device and medium

Abstract

The present application relates to compressed air energy storage technology field, specifically to a kind of gas storage cavern surrounding rock compression deformation simulation design method, equipment and medium.The present application is simulated surrounding rock deformation by two parts of bearing layer and deformation layer, the controllable deformation value generated by simulated lining layer is converted into the deformation value measurable to deformation layer, so as to facilitate to simulate the specified deformation of surrounding rock under the action of internal pressure by adjusting the opening parameter of deformation layer;When designing, given lining target deformation is taken as control target, the error of opening rate or the error of actual maximum compression deformation is judged to preliminarily screen out the opening type of deformation layer that can realize lining target deformation, then whether the opening of deformation layer is basically closed under the action of dead weight and under the action of maximum internal pressure P is checked, the opening type that finally meets the design requirement is screened out, so that the simulation test device simulates the pressure-bearing deformation capacity of surrounding rock under given condition, and the adjustment amount is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressed air energy storage technology, and in particular to a method, equipment and medium for simulating the compression deformation of surrounding rock in a gas storage cavern. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air energy storage technology is a novel energy storage method that utilizes high-pressure air to store energy. Its working principle involves using excess energy from the grid during off-peak hours to drive a compressor to compress air and store it in a storage device. During peak hours, the high-pressure air is released to drive an expander, converting the stored energy into electrical energy. This technology primarily uses underground artificial caverns as storage tanks, which are a crucial component of compressed air energy storage power plants.

[0003] Currently, the storage pressure of high-pressure gas storage facilities is generally around 7MPa to 15MPa, falling into the medium-to-high pressure range. Underground gas storage facilities must withstand not only external pressure from the surrounding rock mass but also the internal pressure of compressed air. Typically, a gas storage facility consists of, from the inside out, a sealing steel plate layer, a sliding layer, a reinforced concrete lining layer, a sprayed concrete layer, a drainage system, and the surrounding rock. The design concept of the gas storage facility is to use the surrounding rock as the main load-bearing element, bearing the vast majority of the internal pressure; the concrete lining layer evenly transmits the high-pressure gas pressure within the cavity to the surrounding rock, dispersing deformation and providing a smooth support surface for the sealing layer; while the sealing layer's main function is sealing, bearing only a small amount of pressure. Under the pressure of compressed air, the reinforced concrete lining and surrounding rock of an underground gas storage facility will expand outwards, as will the sealing steel plate. When the outward expansion deformation exceeds the stress-strain level of the materials themselves or the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, uncontrollable cracks are likely to develop in the reinforced concrete lining, premature fatigue failure of the sealing layer, or even fracture of the sealing layer and lining structure, leading to gas leakage accidents. Therefore, extensive experimental simulations are necessary before project implementation to study the cavern structure, dimensions, and materials, and to verify the sealing, stability, and safety of the gas storage facility, providing technical support for subsequent engineering design and implementation.

[0004] In existing technologies, to study the structural stress and sealing performance of underground caverns during pressurization and depressurization processes and to obtain information on stress and deformation, it is common practice to construct underground cavern test models with scaled-down dimensions, and to highly replicate the materials and structure. During pressurization and depressurization, the cavern pressure is adjusted step by step, and various data are obtained through multiple detection sensors. These data are recorded and analyzed, and then further research and adjustments are made based on the data analysis results. For example, the scaled-down test device and method for sealing layers of fully artificial underground caverns provided in application number 202410266416.1 are applicable to such caverns. A current project aims to study the stress conditions of each layer of a gas storage facility under internal pressure, as well as the development of lining cracks. This requires employing specific techniques to simulate the compression deformation of the surrounding rock, resulting in controllable deformation values ​​in the lining. However, if the aforementioned experimental setup and methods are used to highly replicate the lining material and structure, changes in the set value of the surrounding rock (different deformation values ​​can simulate different elastic moduli of rock environments) will necessitate corresponding changes in the simulated surrounding rock material and structure. This presents significant challenges, high costs, long testing times, low efficiency, and an inability to adapt to various operating conditions. Furthermore, the reconstructed model cannot effectively guarantee the consistency of the basic conditions for each test, resulting in poor comparability and consistency between different operating conditions, potentially even affecting the experimental conclusions.

[0005] To this end, the applicant previously applied for (application number: 2024119516909, application date: December 27, 2024) a simulation test device and system for the working conditions of a gas storage chamber. This scheme simulates the structure of a gas storage chamber by detachably setting a layered structure in a sealed container. For example, a simulated lining layer is set in the inner cavity of the sealed container, and the inner cavity of the simulated lining layer is connected to the outside through a ventilation pipe. A deformable layer is filled between the sealed container and the simulated lining layer. The deformable layer has multiple openings along the circumferential direction, and the axial direction of the openings is consistent with the axial direction of the sealed container cylinder. The simulated lining layer mimics the concrete lining structure in a tunnel. This simulated lining layer deforms and compresses under internal pressure, and also cracks after compression. The deformable layer, together with the outer rigid container, simulates the surrounding rock layer. The outer rigid container acts as the outer boundary protection layer, bearing the internal pressure, while the deformable layer provides compressive deformation to the concrete lining. This compression simulates the compression deformation of the surrounding rock under air-filled conditions. During compression deformation, the deformable layer utilizes the space of the openings to radially compress the openings. During testing, the inner cavity is repeatedly pressurized through pre-reserved pressure channels on the sealed container. After the test, the sealed container can be disassembled, and the internal deformable layer and simulated lining layer can be replaced. Although this experimental device is reusable and can simulate surrounding rock under different working conditions by replacing deformable layers with different opening types, testing the airtightness characteristics of different pressures, sealing materials, and sealing structures, and reducing experimental costs, further research and design are needed to determine the appropriate structural form of the deformable layer to simulate the actual required surrounding rock deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that existing technologies lack effective means to select suitable structural deformation layers when using simulation testing devices to simulate actual surrounding rock deformation, and to provide a method, equipment, and medium for simulating the compression deformation of surrounding rock in gas storage caverns.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] Firstly, a design method for simulating the compression deformation of surrounding rock in a gas storage cavern is provided. This method employs a simulation testing device to simulate the compression deformation of the surrounding rock. The simulation testing device includes a bearing layer, a deformation layer, and a simulated lining layer arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The deformation layer has several openings arranged circumferentially. The deformation of the surrounding rock is simulated by customizing the design of these openings. The design steps for these openings include:

[0009] S1: Initialize the structural parameters and material type of the simulation test device. The structural parameters of the test device include the deformation layer thickness h1 and the opening parameters.

[0010] S2: Calculate the porosity n based on the deformed layer thickness h1 and the opening parameters: In the formula, The total area of ​​the opening. The actual cross-sectional area of ​​the deformable layer is given; and the actual maximum compressive deformation s1 of the deformable layer is determined based on the porosity n.

[0011] S3: Determine whether the difference between the actual maximum compressive deformation s1 and the given target deformation s of the lining is less than or equal to the set error. If not, readjust at least one of the opening parameters and the deformation layer thickness h1, and repeat step S2 until the actual maximum compressive deformation s1 of the deformation layer meets the requirements, so that the actual maximum compressive deformation s1 is basically equal to the target deformation s of the lining. If yes, proceed to the next step.

[0012] S4: Check whether the openings in the deformation layer are closed under the self-weight of the simulated lining layer, check whether the openings in the deformation layer are basically closed under the maximum internal pressure P, and check whether the internal force of the bearing layer under the maximum internal pressure is less than or equal to the allowable stress value.

[0013] If the opening in the deformable layer closes under its own weight, or if the opening in the deformable layer does not close under the maximum internal pressure P, readjust the opening parameters and repeat steps S2-S4.

[0014] S5: Determine the deformation layer thickness h1 and the opening parameters, provided that the deformation capacity of the opening in the deformation layer and the internal force of the bearing layer both meet the design requirements.

[0015] This invention employs a simulation testing device to simulate the compression deformation of surrounding rock. The simulated lining layer, under internal pressure, can transfer pressure to the bearing layer through a deformation layer. When subjected to pressure from the simulated lining layer, the deformation layer undergoes radial compression deformation through the space at its openings. Research has shown that the opening ratio of the deformation layer largely determines the maximum radial deformation that the deformation layer can produce, i.e., the maximum compressive deformation s1. The maximum compressive deformation occurring through the openings corresponds to the closed state of the openings. Different opening types in the deformation layer correspond to different radial deformation capacities.

[0016] This invention calculates the opening ratio *n* by initially setting the deformation layer thickness and opening parameters. Based on the initially set opening ratio, the actual maximum compressive deformation of the initially selected deformation layer can be determined, i.e., the maximum compressive deformation capacity of the deformation layer when the openings are compressed from their natural state to a completely closed state (the opening space is compressed to a seamless state). By comparing this with the given target lining deformation *s*, it is determined whether the error of the actual maximum compressive deformation of the deformation layer is within the set error range. If not, at least one of the opening parameters and the deformation layer thickness is adjusted until a suitable opening ratio is found. That is, under a specific opening ratio setting, the maximum compressive deformation of the deformation layer can be approximately equal to the target lining deformation *s*. Thus, when the simulated lining layer generates the given target lining deformation, the deformation layer is basically in the maximum compressive deformation state, and the openings are in a closed state, facilitating observation and judgment in subsequent steps and eliminating the possibility that the deformation layer cannot theoretically achieve the target lining deformation. After initial screening based on the above methods, the final selection is made by checking whether the openings in the deformable layer close under the self-weight of the simulated lining layer, whether the openings in the deformable layer are basically closed under the maximum internal pressure P, and whether the internal force of the bearing layer under the maximum internal pressure is less than or equal to the allowable stress value. If the openings in the deformable layer close under the self-weight of the simulated lining layer, it indicates that the shape retention capability (the ability to maintain the basic shape of the opening) of the deformable layer opening design is poor and should be excluded. The opening parameters should be readjusted until the deformable layer has a certain shape retention capability under its own weight in order to simulate the air-filling test more realistically. If the openings in the deformable layer do not close under the maximum internal pressure P and leave obvious opening space, it indicates that the deformation capacity of the deformable layer is insufficient, the selected opening parameters cannot adapt to the target deformation amount of the lining under the maximum internal pressure P, and do not meet the design requirements. The opening parameters should be readjusted until the deformable layer has a suitable compressive strength under the maximum internal pressure P. At the same time, under the action of maximum internal pressure, the stress on the bearing layer should also be within the allowable range of material stress, so as to play a normal role in boundary protection and make the deformation of the simulated lining layer controllable.

[0017] This invention can quickly screen out the required deformation layer opening type, enabling the simulation test device to simulate the surrounding rock bearing deformation capacity under given conditions. The screening adjustment is small, the calculation is convenient, and it can be used for surrounding rock deformation simulation design under different working conditions.

[0018] In the above scheme, the deformation layer should be made of materials with very small plastic deformation, high deformability, and shape retention capability, such as superelastic materials, high-performance fiber-reinforced composite materials, and new smart materials.

[0019] The deformation capacity of the deformable layer can be checked through multiple physical tests or through numerical simulation using finite element software; the changes in the internal force value of the bearing layer can be monitored by stress sensors or through numerical simulation using finite element software, and are not limited to the examples mentioned above.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the actual maximum compressive deformation s1 of the deformable layer is calculated by the following formula: s1=n×h1.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the set error is set to within 5%, so that the maximum compressive deformation of the deformable layer under maximum internal pressure can approach (or be approximately equal to) the target deformation s of the lining. This facilitates the simulation of the given target deformation of the lining according to experimental requirements, and when the maximum internal pressure is applied, the compression of the deformable layer can be quickly determined by observing the opening state of the deformable layer to see if it has reached the target deformation of the lining. The set error can be reasonably selected according to actual needs, and the smaller the better.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opening parameters include the opening spacing L, the minimum reserved height of the arch h3, and the height-to-width ratio m of the opening;

[0023] In step S4, if the opening in the deformable layer closes under its own weight, the opening parameters are adjusted by increasing the aspect ratio m of the opening while keeping the opening spacing L and the deformable layer thickness h1 constant. If the opening in the deformable layer does not close under the maximum internal pressure P, the opening parameters are adjusted by decreasing the aspect ratio m of the opening while keeping the opening spacing L and the deformable layer thickness h1 constant. The adjustment amount is small, which is conducive to quickly selecting a suitable opening type.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory and at least one processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the above-described method.

[0025] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed, implements the above-described method.

[0026] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The present invention provides a simulation design method for the compression deformation of surrounding rock in a gas storage cavern. This method can quickly screen out the required deformation layer opening type, enabling the simulation test device to simulate the pressure-bearing deformation capacity of the surrounding rock under given conditions. The screening and adjustment amount is small, the calculation is convenient, and it can be used for the simulation design of surrounding rock deformation under different working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a compressed air energy storage test device in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1AA-direction cross section;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged view of the compressed air energy storage test device;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the deformable layer;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a design flowchart from Example 2;

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Another way to express the design flowchart.

[0034] Icons: 1-Sealed container; 2-Simulated lining layer; 3-Deformable layer; 31-Opening; 4-Sealing layer; 5-Ventilation pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment provides a compressed air energy storage simulation test device, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the compressed air energy storage test device includes a sealed container 1, a deformable layer 3, and a simulated lining layer 2.

[0039] The sealed container 1 is made of a rigid material and serves as the outermost load-bearing layer. In this embodiment, the inner side of the sealed container 1 can be made of a high-rigidity material such as steel plate as a load-bearing layer to withstand internal pressure. The sealed container 1 has a detachable structure, including two joined cylinders. Each cylinder includes a straight cylinder and a head that are fixedly connected. The two straight cylinders can be sealed together and fixed by circumferentially arranged bolts. The sealed container 1 and the simulated lining layer 2 can be separated from each other.

[0040] The simulated lining layer 2 is used to be installed in the inner cavity of the sealed container 1, and the inner cavity of the simulated lining layer 2 is connected to the outside through the ventilation pipe 5.

[0041] The deformable layer 3 is disposed between the sealed container 1 and the simulated lining layer 2, and together with the sealed container 1, simulates the compression deformation of the surrounding rock. The inner surface of the deformable layer 3 is bonded to the simulated lining layer 2, and the deformable layer 3 is continuously disposed along the circumference of the simulated lining layer 2. In this embodiment, the material of the deformable layer 3 can be selected as a superelastic material such as rubber or polyurethane. The deformable layer 3 has a plurality of openings 31 along the circumference, and the length direction of the openings 31 is consistent with the length direction of the deformable layer 3. In this embodiment, the deformable layer 3 has an opening 31 on one side, and the opening 31 is disposed on the side of the deformable layer 3 closer to the bearing layer, that is, the opening 31 communicates with the outer surface of the deformable layer 3. The opening is arched, and a resin-based adhesive is used to tightly bond the non-opening side of the deformable layer 3 to the outer side of the simulated lining layer 2.

[0042] Compared to a centrally located circular hole, a single-sided opening in the deformable layer enhances the overall deformation coordination of the simulated lining layer, deformable layer, and load-bearing layer. This allows for more efficient coordination of differential deformation between the load-bearing layer and the simulated lining layer, and enables directional adaptation to specific deformation directions (such as shear displacement between steel plates and concrete). Stress is released along an arched path, reducing stress concentration and the risk of tearing of the rubber deformable layer under load, unlike the symmetrical concentration caused by a circular hole. The single-sided opening disperses stress, reducing strain amplitude in localized areas and delaying molecular chain breakage and crack propagation caused by repeated deformation. Therefore, it is more resistant to fatigue failure under repeated loading, thus improving fatigue life. Furthermore, the single-sided opening design simplifies the processing of the deformable layer. When using a mold for opening positioning, it is not necessary to penetrate the entire deformable layer, reducing the requirements for mold precision and processing equipment.

[0043] Single-sided arched holes, through geometric optimization (stress dispersion, asymmetric deformation adaptation) and functionally oriented design (energy dissipation path, fatigue life improvement), outperform central circular holes in engineering applications. Their core advantage stems from the synergistic effect of the mechanical properties of the arch structure and the viscoelastic behavior of rubber materials, making them particularly suitable for engineering scenarios requiring high durability, large deformation coordination, and fatigue resistance (such as bridge bearings and building seismic isolation layers).

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, for ease of installation, it is recommended that the deformable layer 3 be divided into blocks along the circumference, with each block of the deformable layer 3 being strip-shaped; during installation, adjacent deformable strips are closely fitted along the circumference. The deformation capacity of the deformable layer 3 at different positions along the circumference can be selected according to different working conditions.

[0045] Furthermore, the aforementioned deformation layer 3 can be designed with different opening ratios in the circumferential direction to simulate different circumferential deformation values ​​of the lining under water and soil loads and internal pressure, making the experiment more realistic in simulating the stress form and deformation mode of the structure. For example, deformation layer 3 includes at least a first deformation layer and a second deformation layer, with different opening ratios. Ideally, the surrounding rock is usually considered a homogeneous material. Under the pressure inside the cavern, the sealing layer 4 and the lining layer uniformly transmit the internal air pressure to the surrounding rock in the circumferential direction, and the surrounding rock uniformly resists the deformation of the cavern in the circumferential direction. However, in reality, the elastic modulus of the surrounding rock may be different at different locations under different working conditions. Therefore, by adopting the above-mentioned structural form, deformation layers 3 with different opening ratios can be arranged at different locations in the cavern according to actual working conditions, simulating the compression deformation effect of surrounding rock with different characteristics at different locations, thus improving the adaptability to working conditions.

[0046] Furthermore, when the diameter of the test gas storage cavity is large, the sealed container 1 can also be set in sections for convenient transportation and processing, with corresponding connection and testing methods between the sections, such as welding and flaw detection for steel plates.

[0047] The above-mentioned compressed air energy storage test device can be repeatedly used to simulate the compression deformation of surrounding rock, so that the lining structure can produce the expected deformation under various surrounding rock conditions, and better simulate the stress and sealing conditions of the structure under different surrounding rock conditions; it can also produce different deformation values ​​in the circumferential direction of the lining, and more realistically simulate the stress behavior and deformation mode of each layer of the structure, so as to better carry out compressed air energy storage tests, adapt to different working conditions with low adjustment difficulty and low test cost.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] like Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, based on the structure of the compressed air energy storage simulation test device with a detachable and replaceable deformable layer 3 in Embodiment 1, this embodiment aims to provide a design method for simulating the compression deformation of the surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern by setting a suitable opening type for the deformable layer 3, so that it can generate a specified compression deformation under internal pressure. The opening type of the deformable layer 3 must ensure that it can be completely closed under the maximum internal pressure of the test, that is, the opening should be seamless under the compression state of the maximum internal pressure, and the deformation in the natural state should not be too large, so that it can be self-stabilized. In this embodiment, the shape of the opening 31 is preferably set as an inclined wall arch; the minimum distance between the holes L is greater than 3.5mm, and the minimum reserved thickness h3 at the top of the hole is greater than 2.5mm, which facilitates molding, the opening of the deformable layer can be self-stabilized, and it is not easy to cause structural damage under transportation and other conditions. At the same time, it helps to avoid the deformable layer closing under its own weight during the test. When the maximum internal pressure is set relatively low, the aspect ratio of the opening 31 should not be too large, otherwise the deformable layer 3 will not be able to close completely when the internal pressure reaches its maximum; the aspect ratio of the opening 31 should also not be too small, otherwise the deformable layer 3 will partially close under its own weight. The design of the specific type of opening includes the following steps:

[0050] S1: Set the target deformation amount s of the lining and the maximum internal pressure P of the test according to the test requirements; and initialize the structural parameters and material type of the test device. For example, initially select the material and thickness h1 of the deformation layer 3 and the material and thickness h2 of the bearing layer, and initially select the opening parameters. The opening parameters include the opening spacing L, the minimum reserved height h3 of the arch, and the height-to-width ratio m of the opening 31. In this embodiment, the opening type is initially determined according to the opening spacing L and the minimum reserved thickness h3 of the arch, and the height-to-width ratio m is initially determined to be 1.

[0051] S2: Calculate the porosity n based on the deformed layer thickness h1 and the opening parameters. The porosity n is defined as the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas of several openings 31 in the circumferential direction of the deformed layer 3 to the cross-sectional area between the inner and outer surfaces of the deformed layer 3, that is: In the formula, The total area of ​​the opening. This represents the actual area of ​​the rubber strip. The actual maximum compressive deformation s1 of the deformable layer can be determined based on the calculated porosity n.

[0052] The deformable layer 3 preferably uses a superelastic material. Taking rubber as an example, it can be considered as being composed of several small particles. The volume of each particle does not change, and the overall deformation process is actually the process of each rubber particle filling the gaps. Therefore, in order for the deformable layer to achieve a given target lining deformation s, the ideal porosity n can be calculated based on the target lining deformation s and the deformable layer thickness h1, i.e.: .

[0053] S3: Determine whether the error in the opening ratio is less than or equal to the set error (preferably 5% in this embodiment). If not, readjust at least one of the opening parameters and the deformation layer thickness h1, especially the aspect ratio of the opening, until the opening ratio meets the requirements; if yes, proceed to the next step. The maximum compressive deformation of the selected opening ratio is considered as the achievable target deformation s of the lining.

[0054] In other words, such as Figure 6 As shown, the actual maximum compressive deformation s1 of the deformable layer is compared with the target deformation s of the lining to determine whether the error of the actual maximum compressive deformation s1 is less than or equal to the set error. If not, at least one of the opening parameters and the thickness h1 of the deformable layer is adjusted so that the actual maximum compressive deformation s1 of the deformable layer can approach the target deformation s of the lining.

[0055] S4: Check whether the opening in the deformation layer closes under the self-weight of the simulated lining layer, check whether the opening in the deformation layer is basically closed under the maximum internal pressure P, and verify whether the internal force value of the bearing layer is less than or equal to the allowable stress value.

[0056] If the opening in the deformable layer closes under its own weight, it indicates that the shape retention capability (the ability to maintain the basic shape of the opening) of the deformable layer opening design is poor. It should be eliminated, the opening parameters should be readjusted (preferably by increasing the opening height-to-width ratio), and steps S2-S4 should be repeated until the deformable layer has a certain shape retention capability under its own weight, so as to simulate the inflation test more realistically.

[0057] If the opening in the deformable layer does not close under the maximum internal pressure P, leaving obvious opening space, it indicates that the deformation capacity of the deformable layer is insufficient. The selected opening parameters cannot adapt to the target deformation of the lining under the maximum internal pressure, nor do they meet the design requirements. The opening parameters should be readjusted (reducing the opening height-to-width ratio) and steps S2-S4 should be repeated until the deformable layer has a suitable compressive strength.

[0058] If the stress / strain of the load-bearing layer exceeds the specified value, it indicates that the stiffness (thickness) of the load-bearing layer is insufficient. In this case, at least one of the load-bearing layer thickness h2 and the load-bearing layer material type can be readjusted (generally, it is not necessary to adjust the load-bearing layer).

[0059] S5: Determine the deformation layer thickness h1 and opening parameters, provided that the deformation capacity of the opening in the deformation layer and the internal force of the bearing layer both meet the design requirements.

[0060] This embodiment, by reasonably setting the opening type of the deformation layer, can make the simulated lining layer produce a given deformation under the action of internal pressure, thereby simulating the surrounding rock constraint effect in the actual process. The design and screening workload is small, the calculation is convenient, the working condition adjustment is easy, and the test cost is low. It can be used for the simulation design of surrounding rock deformation under different working conditions, thereby providing experimental data and theoretical basis for the experimental research of compressed air energy storage artificial cavern.

[0061] In this embodiment, the deformation capacity of the deformation layer 3 and the internal force value of the bearing layer can be viewed by automatically calculating the values ​​through numerical simulation using finite element software such as ANSYS, Abaqus, FLAC, or MIDAS. In the finite element software, models of the simulated lining layer 2, sealing layer 4, and designed deformable layer 3 of the test device are established and assembled according to actual working conditions. Through steps such as defining material properties, meshing, defining interactions, applying mechanical and displacement boundary conditions, defining and solving analytical working conditions, it is checked whether the opening 31 of the deformable layer 3 can be basically closed under the maximum internal pressure, whether the opening 31 of the deformable layer 3 will close under its own weight, and whether the internal force value of the bearing layer meets the design requirements. If the deformable layer 3 closes under its own weight, jump to step S1 to reset the opening parameters of the deformable layer 3, prioritizing increasing the height-to-width ratio m of the opening 31. If the opening 31 of the deformable layer 3 does not close under the maximum internal pressure P, jump to step S1 to reset the opening parameters of the deformable layer 3, prioritizing decreasing the height-to-width ratio m of the opening 31. If the internal force value of the bearing layer exceeds the design requirements, jump back to step S1 and increase the thickness h2 of the bearing layer.

[0062] Using ABAQUS as an example, the operation steps of numerical simulation are briefly demonstrated:

[0063] ① Component creation: Import the designed compression layer geometric model into the software sketch, and create the compression layer bearing layer and compression layer deformation layer by using the extrusion command. Create five components in total, namely the lining concrete, lining steel reinforcement, and sealing layer, according to the design drawings.

[0064] ②Attribute definition: Input the material and cross-sectional parameters of each component, and assign the cross-section.

[0065] ③ Component assembly: Assemble each component according to its actual position, from the outside to the inside: compression layer bearing layer, compression layer deformation layer, lining concrete, lining reinforcement, and sealing layer. The lining reinforcement is encased in the lining concrete.

[0066] ④ Interaction definition: Set contact properties and define the surface-to-surface contact between the load-bearing layer and the deformation layer, the lining concrete, and the sealing layer, respectively, and embed the lining steel bars in the lining concrete.

[0067] ⑤ Mesh generation: Cut each component, select an appropriate mesh generation method, set the reinforcement unit type to truss, and the unit type of the other components to three-dimensional stress.

[0068] ⑥ Definition of analysis step: The solution is obtained using the general static analysis step.

[0069] ⑦ Apply mechanical and displacement boundary conditions: Apply internal pressure to the inner wall of the sealing layer and apply gravity to the overall structure; constrain the vertical displacement of the two nodes at the horizontal position on the outer side of the bearing layer, constrain the horizontal displacement of the two nodes at the top and bottom outer sides of the bearing layer, and constrain the longitudinal displacement of all structures.

[0070] ⑧ Solve and check the results: Check whether the deformation of the deformation layer in the compression layer is equal to the target compression amount s (error 5%), and check whether the stress of the bearing layer steel plate is less than the allowable value.

[0071] This process is repeated until the opening type of the deformation layer is finally determined, and the design is complete.

[0072] S5: If the opening ratio of deformable layer 3, the deformation capacity of deformable layer 3 and the internal force value of bearing layer all meet the design requirements, determine the thickness h1 of deformable layer 3, the thickness h2 of bearing layer and the opening parameters on deformable layer 3, determine the opening type and size of deformable layer 3, and the design ends.

[0073] If the outer side of the simulated lining layer 2 in the test device is made of a high-rigidity material to simulate the surrounding rock, the simulated lining layer 2 will not be able to deform. If the outer side of the simulated lining layer 2 in the test device is made of a low-rigidity material to simulate the surrounding rock, the simulated lining layer 2 will undergo excessive deformation and fail. In this embodiment, the simulated surrounding rock deformation is composed of two parts: a high-rigidity material in the bearing layer and a super-elastic material in the deformation layer 3. This can convert the controllable deformation value generated by the lining (rigid structure) into a measurable deformation value in the deformation layer 3. This makes it convenient to simulate the specified deformation of the surrounding rock under internal pressure by adjusting the opening parameters of the deformation layer 3. That is, when simulating the compression deformation of the surrounding rock under different working conditions, only under specific conditions, such as the same simulated lining layer 2 structure and the same sealed container 1 volume, different styles of deformation layer 3 can be selected to quickly meet the test requirements. The adjustment is simple, the time spent is short, and the test cost is low.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and at least one processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described method.

[0076] Specifically, the processor may include a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application. The memory may include a mass storage device for data or instructions. For example, and not limitingly, the memory may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, a solid-state drive (SSD), flash memory, an optical disk drive, a magneto-optical disk drive, magnetic tape, or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, the memory may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, the memory may be internal or external to the data processing device. In a particular embodiment, the memory is non-volatile memory. In a particular embodiment, the memory includes read-only memory (ROM) and random access memory (RAM). Where appropriate, the ROM may be a mask-programmed ROM, a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (FPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EFPROM), an electrically alterable read-only memory (EAROM), or flash memory, or a combination of two or more of these.Where appropriate, the RAM can be Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM). DRAM can be Fast Page Mode Dynamic Random-Access Memory (FPMDRAM), Extended Data Out Dynamic Random-Access Memory (EDODRAM), Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (SDRAM), etc.

[0077] Memory can be used to store or cache various data files that need to be processed and / or communicated, as well as possible computer program instructions executed by the processor.

[0078] The processor implements any of the methods described in the above embodiments by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in memory. In some embodiments, the electronic device may further include a communication interface and a bus. The processor, memory, and communication interface are connected via the bus and communicate with each other.

[0079] A bus, including hardware, software, or both, couples components of a computer device together. Buses include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: data bus, address bus, control bus, expansion bus, and local bus. For example, and not as a limitation, a bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a Hyper Transport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an InfiniBand interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local Bus (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, a bus may include one or more buses. Although specific buses are described and illustrated in the embodiments of this application, this application considers any suitable bus or interconnection.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed, implements the above-described method.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. When the integrated unit of the present invention is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the method described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for simulating compression deformation of surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern, wherein a simulation test device is used to simulate compression deformation of surrounding rock, the simulation test device comprises a bearing layer, a deformation layer and a simulation lining layer arranged from outside to inside in sequence, and the deformation layer is provided with a plurality of openings in the circumferential direction, characterized in that, The opening is designed to simulate deformation of surrounding rock by customized setting, and the design of the opening comprises: S1: initializing structure parameters and material types of the simulation test device, the structure parameters comprising a deformation layer thickness h1 and opening parameters; S2: Calculate the open hole rate n according to the open hole parameters: , wherein, is the total open hole area, is the actual cross-sectional area of the deformation layer; the actual maximum compression deformation amount s1 of the deformation layer is determined according to the deformation layer thickness h1 and the open hole rate n; S3: determining whether a difference between the actual maximum compression deformation s1 and the given lining target deformation s is less than or equal to a set error, if not, readjusting at least one of the opening parameters and the deformation layer thickness h1, repeating step S2 until the actual maximum compression deformation s1 of the deformation layer meets the requirement, and making the actual maximum compression deformation s1 equal to the lining target deformation s; if yes, proceeding to the next step; S4: checking whether the deformation layer opening is closed under the action of self weight of the simulation lining layer, checking whether the deformation layer opening is closed under the action of the maximum internal pressure P, and checking whether internal forces of the bearing layer under the action of the maximum internal pressure are less than or equal to stress allowable values; if the deformation layer opening is closed under the action of self weight, or the deformation layer opening is not closed under the action of the maximum internal pressure P, readjusting the opening parameters, and repeating steps S2-S4; S5: determining the deformation layer thickness h1 and the opening parameters under the condition that the deformation capacity of the deformation layer opening and the internal forces of the bearing layer both meet the design requirements.

2. The design method of the compression deformation simulation of the surrounding rock of a gas storage cavern according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the actual maximum compression deformation s1 of the deformation layer is calculated by the following formula: s1=n×h1.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S3, the set error is within 5%.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The opening parameters comprise an opening spacing L, a minimum reserved height h3 of an arch top, and a height-width ratio m of the opening; In step S4, if the deformation layer opening is closed under the action of self weight, the opening parameters are adjusted by increasing the height-width ratio m of the opening under the condition that the opening spacing L and the deformation layer thickness h1 are both unchanged; if the deformation layer opening is not closed under the action of the maximum internal pressure P, the opening parameters are adjusted by decreasing the height-width ratio m of the opening under the condition that the opening spacing L and the deformation layer thickness h1 are both unchanged.

5. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises a memory and at least one processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to implement the design method according to any one of claims 1-4.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed to implement the design method according to any one of claims 1-4.

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