Preparation method of hydrogen evolution inhibiting lead-acid battery negative electrode lead paste

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for preparing a lead paste for suppressing hydrogen evolution in a negative electrode of a lead-acid battery. By introducing a hydrogen-suppressing synergist, hydrogen evolution is reduced, energy loss is reduced, and the charge and discharge efficiency and cycle life of the lead-acid battery are improved. The method for preparing the hydrogen-suppressing synergist comprises the following steps: T1: 21-42 parts by mass of 2-hydroxy-4-thioureidobenzoic acid, 39-80 parts by mass of bismuth nitrate, and 200-300 parts by mass of water are mixed uniformly, and reacted at a temperature of 40-50°C for 100-140 minutes; T2: 2-6 parts by mass of 4,5-dicarboxyimidazole and 0.06-0.6 parts by mass of acetic acid are added, and the mixture is reacted at a temperature of 70-80°C for 30-160 minutes; water is removed by distillation to obtain the hydrogen-suppressing synergist.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lead-acid battery materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a negative electrode lead paste for a lead-acid battery capable of inhibiting hydrogen evolution. Background Art

[0002] As an important energy storage device, lead-acid batteries have been widely used in numerous fields due to their relatively low cost, mature technology, and excellent high-current discharge performance. In automobile starting, they provide a high, instantaneous current to start the engine, ensuring a smooth start. In the electric bicycle industry, lead-acid batteries are the primary power source, supporting daily operation. In energy storage power stations, lead-acid batteries can be used to store electrical energy, balance peak and valley fluctuations in the power grid, and improve the stability and reliability of the power system.

[0003] As a core component of lead-acid batteries, the performance of negative electrode lead paste is directly and closely linked to a series of key performance indicators, including battery capacity, cycle life, and hydrogen evolution performance. Battery capacity determines the device's endurance and operating time, and is crucial for applications such as electric vehicles and power tools. Cycle life affects the battery's operating cost and replacement frequency. Batteries with long cycle lives can reduce overall user costs. Hydrogen evolution performance is related to battery safety and stability. Excessive hydrogen evolution can lead to increased internal pressure in the battery, even causing dangerous situations such as explosion.

[0004] Patent application publication number CN113764627A provides a high-performance lead-carbon battery negative electrode lead paste formula, comprising the following components: sodium lignin sulfonate, high-purity humic acid, precipitated or ultrafine barium sulfate, carbon black, acetylene black, graphite powder, graphene, carbon nanotubes, zinc oxide, indium oxide, short fibers, barium stearate, polyvinyl alcohol, lead powder, dilute sulfuric acid, and deionized water. The hydrogen evolution control in this patent application relies primarily on a single ingredient, barium sulfate, which has a relatively simple mechanism of action and limited effectiveness in suppressing hydrogen evolution. When faced with complex and changing battery operating environments and charge and discharge conditions, barium sulfate alone is difficult to effectively address and cannot fully meet the stringent requirements for hydrogen evolution control. This results in a large amount of hydrogen evolution during battery use, reducing the battery's energy conversion efficiency and shortening its service life.

[0005] Patent application publication number CN117199344A discloses a negative electrode lead paste that inhibits hydrogen evolution and extends battery cycle life. The negative electrode lead paste includes the following components: high-purity humic acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, precipitated or ultrafine barium sulfate, carbon black, acetylene black, graphite powder, modified graphene, zinc oxide, super-strong polyester staple fibers, lead powder, dilute sulfuric acid, and deionized water. The existing paste production process remains unchanged, and the addition of modified graphene improves its conductivity and dispersibility. The addition of zinc oxide not only inhibits the battery's hydrogen evolution reaction but also reduces thermal passivation. Lignin and humic acid also inhibit hydrogen evolution. Combined, they effectively inhibit hydrogen evolution, improving battery cycle performance and extending battery service life. However, the prior art still has room for improvement in inhibiting the hydrogen evolution reaction in lead-acid batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a negative electrode lead paste for a lead-acid battery with hydrogen evolution inhibition. By introducing a hydrogen evolution inhibitor synergist, hydrogen evolution is reduced, energy loss is reduced, and the charge and discharge efficiency and cycle life of the lead-acid battery are improved.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for preparing a hydrogen inhibitor synergist for lead-acid battery negative electrode lead paste, comprising the following steps:

[0008] T1: Mix 21-42 parts by mass of 2-hydroxy-4-thioureidobenzoic acid (CAS: 99055-42-2), 39-80 parts by mass of bismuth nitrate, and 200-300 parts by mass of water, and react at 40-50°C for 100-140 minutes;

[0009] T2: adding 2-6 parts by mass of 4,5-dicarboxyimidazole (CAS: 570-22-9) and 0.06-0.6 parts by mass of acetic acid, reacting at a temperature of 70-80°C for 30-160 minutes; and removing water by distillation to obtain a hydrogen inhibitor synergist.

[0010] Reaction principle:

[0011] In step T1, bismuth nitrate is hydrolyzed after being added to water. 3+ The high charge density attracts water molecules, causing them to dissociate and generate Bi(OH) x (NO3) 3-x At the same time, the oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen atoms of the hydroxyl, carboxyl and thiourea groups in 2-hydroxy-4-thioureidobenzoic acid react with Bi 3+ Or its hydrolysis product forms a coordination bond, thereby generating a stable 2-hydroxy-4-thiourea benzoic acid / bismuth complex.

[0012] In step T2, the added acetic acid catalytically activates the carboxyl group of 4,5-dicarboxyimidazole, increasing its positive charge. The thiourea amino group in the 2-hydroxy-4-thioureabenzoic acid / bismuth complex acts as a nucleophile, attacking the activated carboxyl carbon atom, forming a tetrahedral intermediate. This intermediate then eliminates a water molecule, forming an amide bond. As the reaction proceeds and the water is distilled off, a hydrogen suppressor synergist containing an amide bond is ultimately obtained, in which the bismuth ion stabilizes the molecular structure.

[0013] The invention provides a hydrogen inhibition synergist for lead-acid battery negative electrode lead paste prepared by the preparation method.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a negative electrode lead paste for a lead-acid battery with hydrogen evolution inhibition, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (1) Dry mixing stage: Add lead powder, negative electrode additive, hydrogen inhibitor and the above-mentioned hydrogen inhibitor synergist for lead-acid battery negative electrode lead paste into a mixer and stir evenly;

[0016] (2) Wet mixing and paste making: Add water and stir to obtain a preliminary paste; add dilute sulfuric acid, stir and mix, and adjust the apparent density of the lead paste to obtain the negative electrode lead paste.

[0017] Preferably, in step (1), based on 100 parts by mass of lead powder, the negative electrode additives include: 0.12-0.2 parts by mass of sodium lignin sulfonate, 0.35-0.5 parts by mass of humic acid, 0.6-1 parts by mass of ultrafine barium sulfate, 0.8-2 parts by mass of conductive agent, and 0.1-0.2 parts by mass of polyester staple fiber.

[0018] Preferably, the hydrogen inhibitor comprises: 0.03-0.05 parts by mass of indium sulfate and 0.12-0.2 parts by mass of bismuth subcarbonate.

[0019] More preferably, the added amount of the hydrogen suppression synergist is 1%-5% of the hydrogen suppression agent. Even more preferably, the added amount of the hydrogen suppression synergist is 5% of the hydrogen suppression agent, which has a better effect of inhibiting the hydrogen evolution reaction.

[0020] Preferably, in step (2), 10-12 parts by mass of water and 8.5-10 parts of dilute sulfuric acid are added, where the density of the dilute sulfuric acid is 1.28-1.40 g / cm³; and the apparent density of the lead paste is adjusted to 4.2-4.4 g / cm³.

[0021] The present invention also provides a negative electrode lead paste for a lead-acid battery with hydrogen evolution inhibition prepared by the preparation method.

[0022] The present invention also provides a negative electrode plate for a lead-acid battery with suppressed hydrogen evolution, comprising a negative electrode grid and the negative electrode lead paste for the lead-acid battery with suppressed hydrogen evolution.

[0023] Preferably, the hydrogen evolution inhibition lead-acid battery negative electrode lead paste is prepared by using a vacuum mixer or an ultrasonic homogenizer with a frequency of 30-35kHz for 12-15 minutes;

[0024] After the hydrogen evolution inhibition lead-acid battery negative electrode lead paste is applied to the negative electrode grid, it is cured for 24-48 hours in an environment with a humidity greater than 90% and a temperature of 32-40° C.; after the curing is completed, the hydrogen evolution inhibition lead-acid battery negative electrode plate is first dried at 70° C. for 5 hours and then dried at 40° C. for 2 hours.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) Changing the activation energy of the hydrogen evolution reaction: The bismuth complex and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic structure (4,5-dicarboxyimidazole derivative structure) in the hydrogen inhibitor can be adsorbed on the surface of the lead electrode, changing the electron distribution and crystal structure of the electrode surface. This change makes it difficult for hydrogen atoms to adsorb and bind to the electrode surface, thereby increasing the activation energy of the hydrogen evolution reaction and inhibiting the hydrogen evolution reaction.

[0027] (2) Formation of a protective film: The hydrogen inhibitor synergist forms a dense protective film on the electrode surface, preventing hydrogen ions in the electrolyte from directly contacting the electrode. This protective film can effectively reduce the reduction rate of hydrogen ions on the electrode surface and reduce the release of hydrogen.

[0028] (3) Reduce energy loss: Hydrogen evolution reaction is a side reaction that consumes the electrical energy in the battery. By inhibiting the hydrogen evolution reaction, this unnecessary energy loss can be reduced, and the battery's charge and discharge efficiency and cycle life can be improved.

[0029] (4) Stabilizing the electrode structure: Inhibiting the hydrogen evolution reaction can reduce the precipitation of hydrogen on the electrode surface, avoiding the increase in porosity and structural damage of the electrode surface caused by the generation of hydrogen. This helps maintain the stability and conductivity of the electrode and improve the overall performance of the battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Step 1: Raw material pretreatment

[0032] 100 g of high-purity lead powder with a particle size of 30 μm was prepared by ball milling. The ball milling process parameters were as follows: the mass ratio of grinding beads to lead raw material was 12:1, the ball milling speed was 400 r / min, and the ball milling time was 8 h.

[0033] Weigh 0.15 g of sodium lignin sulfonate, 0.4 g of humic acid, 0.7 g of ultrafine barium sulfate, 1.2 g of conductive agent (graphene), and 0.15 g of polyester staple fiber, and dry-mix them in a mixer to obtain a dry additive.

[0034] Step 2: Dry mixing stage

[0035] Add the above 100 g of lead powder and dry additives into a mixer, then add the hydrogen inhibitor (0.04 g of indium sulfate + 0.15 g of bismuth subcarbonate) and the hydrogen inhibition synergist (1% of the mass of the hydrogen inhibitor), and stir at a low speed of 250 r / min for 8 minutes to fully mix the components.

[0036] Preparation method of hydrogen inhibitor synergist in this example:

[0037] T1: 21 g of 2-hydroxy-4-thioureidobenzoic acid, 39 g of bismuth nitrate, and 200 g of water were added to a stirred tank, mixed, and reacted at 40°C for 100 minutes;

[0038] T2: Add 2 g of 4,5-dicarboxyimidazole and 0.06 g of acetic acid, and react at 70°C for 160 minutes; distill off water to obtain a hydrogen inhibitor synergist.

[0039] Step 3: Wet mixing and paste

[0040] First, slowly add 11 g of water and stir for 5 minutes to form a preliminary paste; add 9 g of dilute sulfuric acid (density 1.30 g / cm³) in 3 times, with an interval of 2.5 minutes between each time, and increase the stirring speed to 600 r / min; add 7 g of water to adjust the apparent density of the paste to 4.3 g / cm³.

[0041] Step 4: Homogenization

[0042] An ultrasonic homogenizer with a frequency of 30 kHz was used for 15 minutes to make the paste more uniform.

[0043] Step 5: Lead paste curing

[0044] Apply lead paste on the grid and cure it in an environment with a humidity of 95% and a temperature of 35°C for 36 hours.

[0045] After curing, the negative electrode plate of the hydrogen evolution inhibited lead-acid battery was dried at 70 °C for 5 h and then at 40 °C for 2 h.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Step 1: Raw material pretreatment

[0048] 100 g of high-purity lead powder with a particle size of 20 μm was prepared by ball milling. The ball milling process parameters were as follows: the mass ratio of grinding beads to lead raw material was 13:1, the ball milling speed was 450 r / min, and the ball milling time was 9 h.

[0049] Take 0.2 g of sodium lignin sulfonate, 0.35 g of humic acid, 0.9 g of ultrafine barium sulfate, 1.5 g of conductive agent (carbon black), and 0.12 g of polyester staple fiber, and dry-mix them evenly in a mixer to obtain a dry additive.

[0050] Step 2: Dry mixing stage

[0051] Add the above 100 g of lead powder and dry additives into a mixer, then add hydrogen inhibitor (0.05 g of indium sulfate + 0.12 g of bismuth subcarbonate) and hydrogen inhibitor synergist (2.5% by mass of the hydrogen inhibitor), and stir at 300 r / min for 10 minutes.

[0052] Preparation method of hydrogen inhibitor synergist in this example:

[0053] T1: 27 g of 2-hydroxy-4-thioureidobenzoic acid, 54 g of bismuth nitrate, and 250 g of water were added to a stirred tank, mixed, and reacted at 45°C for 120 minutes;

[0054] T2: Add 4 g of 4,5-dicarboxyimidazole and 0.2 g of acetic acid, and react at 75°C for 120 minutes; distill off water to obtain a hydrogen inhibitor synergist.

[0055] Step 3: Wet mixing and paste

[0056] First, slowly add 10 g of water and stir for 5 minutes to form a preliminary paste; add 8.5 g of dilute sulfuric acid (density 1.35 g / cm³) in two portions, with an interval of 2 minutes between each addition, and increase the stirring speed to 700 r / min; add 6.5 g of water to adjust the paste density to 4.2 g / cm³.

[0057] Step 4: Homogenization

[0058] The mixture was treated with a vacuum mixer for 18 minutes, with the vacuum degree maintained at -0.09 MPa.

[0059] Step 5: Lead paste curing

[0060] The lead paste was applied to the grid and cured for 40 hours at a humidity of 92% and a temperature of 38°C. After curing, the negative electrode plate of the hydrogen evolution inhibition lead-acid battery was dried at 70°C for 5 hours and then at 40°C for 2 hours.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] Step 1: Raw material pretreatment

[0063] 100 g of high-purity lead powder with a particle size of 45 μm was prepared by ball milling. The ball milling process parameters were as follows: the mass ratio of grinding beads to lead raw material was 11:1, the ball milling speed was 350 r / min, and the ball milling time was 7 h.

[0064] Take 0.12 g of sodium lignin sulfonate, 0.5 g of humic acid, 1.0 g of ultrafine barium sulfate, 0.8 g of conductive agent (acetylene black), and 0.1 g of polyester staple fiber, and dry-mix them evenly in a mixer to obtain a dry additive.

[0065] Step 2: Dry mixing stage

[0066] Add the above 100 g of lead powder and dry additives into a mixer, then add a hydrogen inhibitor (0.03 g of indium sulfate + 0.2 g of bismuth subcarbonate) and a hydrogen inhibitor synergist (4% of the mass of the hydrogen inhibitor); stir at 280 r / min for 7 minutes to fully mix the components.

[0067] Preparation method of hydrogen inhibitor synergist in this example:

[0068] T1: 35 g of 2-hydroxy-4-thioureidobenzoic acid, 66 g of bismuth nitrate, and 250 g of water were added to a stirred tank, mixed, and reacted at 45°C for 120 minutes;

[0069] T2: Add 4 g of 4,5-dicarboxyimidazole and 0.4 g of acetic acid, and react at 75°C for 60 minutes; distill off water to obtain a hydrogen inhibitor synergist.

[0070] Step 3: Wet mixing and paste

[0071] First, slowly add 12 g of water and stir for 5 minutes to form a preliminary paste; add 10 g of dilute sulfuric acid (density 1.28 g / cm³) in 3 times, with an interval of 3 minutes between each time, and increase the stirring speed to 750 r / min; add 7.5 g of water and adjust the apparent density of the paste to 4.4 g / cm³.

[0072] Step 4: Homogenization

[0073] An ultrasonic homogenizer (frequency of 35 kHz) was used for 12 minutes to make the paste more uniform.

[0074] Step 5: Lead paste curing

[0075] The lead paste was applied to the grid and cured for 48 hours at a humidity of 96% and a temperature of 32°C. After curing, the negative electrode plate of the hydrogen evolution inhibition lead-acid battery was dried at 70°C for 5 hours and then at 40°C for 2 hours.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] Step 1: Raw material pretreatment

[0078] 100 g of high-purity lead powder with a particle size of 10 μm was prepared by ball milling. The ball milling process parameters were as follows: the mass ratio of grinding beads to lead raw materials was 15:1, the ball milling speed was 500 r / min, and the ball milling time was 10 h.

[0079] Take 0.18 g of sodium lignin sulfonate, 0.45 g of humic acid, 0.6 g of ultrafine barium sulfate, 2.0 g of conductive agent (graphite), and 0.2 g of polyester staple fiber, and dry-mix them evenly in a mixer to obtain a dry additive.

[0080] Step 2: Dry mixing stage

[0081] Add the above 100 g of lead powder and dry additives into a mixer, then add hydrogen inhibitor (0.045 g of indium sulfate + 0.14 g of bismuth subcarbonate) and hydrogen inhibitor synergist (5% of the mass of the hydrogen inhibitor); stir at 270 r / min for 6 minutes.

[0082] Preparation method of hydrogen inhibitor synergist in this example:

[0083] T1: 42 g of 2-hydroxy-4-thioureidobenzoic acid, 80 g of bismuth nitrate, and 300 g of water were added to a stirred tank, mixed, and reacted at 50°C for 140 minutes;

[0084] T2: Add 6 g of 4,5-dicarboxyimidazole and 0.6 g of acetic acid, and react at 80°C for 30 minutes; distill off water to obtain a hydrogen inhibitor synergist.

[0085] Step 3: Wet mixing and paste

[0086] First, add 10.5 g of water and stir for 5 minutes to form a preliminary paste; add 9.5 g of dilute sulfuric acid (density 1.40 g / cm³) in two portions, with an interval of 2.5 minutes between each addition, and increase the stirring speed to 800 r / min; add 6.8 g of water and adjust the apparent density of the paste to 4.3 g / cm³.

[0087] Step 4: Homogenization

[0088] The mixture was treated with a vacuum mixer for 20 minutes, and the vacuum degree was maintained at -0.08 MPa.

[0089] Step 5: Lead paste curing

[0090] The lead paste was applied to the grid and cured for 24 hours at a humidity of 90% and a temperature of 40°C. After curing, the negative electrode plate of the hydrogen evolution inhibition lead-acid battery was dried at 70°C for 5 hours and then at 40°C for 2 hours.

[0091] Comparative Example 1

[0092] In this example, no hydrogen inhibitor synergist is added in step 2, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0093] Comparative Example 2

[0094] In this example, 4,5-dicarboxyimidazole was not added during the preparation of the hydrogen inhibitor synergist in step 2, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0095] Comparative Example 3

[0096] In this example, 2-hydroxy-4-thioureidobenzoic acid was not added during the preparation of the hydrogen inhibitor synergist in step 2, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0097] Test Example 1

[0098] The test method is as follows:

[0099] The positive electrode of the battery uses a conventional PbO2-coated grid as an active material carrier; the negative electrode of the battery uses the negative electrode plates obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 respectively; the electrolyte is a dilute sulfuric acid (H2SO4) aqueous solution with an initial density of 1.28 ± 0.01 g / cm³.

[0100] Initial discharge capacity (Ah): In accordance with the national standard GB / T7403.1-2008, the battery is charged with constant current and constant voltage, then discharged at a constant current of 0.2C to the cut-off voltage, and the discharge capacity is measured.

[0101] Cycle life (times): According to IEC61427 standard, cycle at 100% depth of discharge and record the number of cycles when the battery capacity decays to 80% of the initial capacity.

[0102] Hydrogen evolution potential (V vs. Hg / Hg2SO4): Linear sweep voltammetry (scan rate 10 mV / s) was performed using an electrochemical workstation to test the hydrogen evolution potential of the negative electrode.

[0103] Table 1 Test results

[0104]

[0105] From the test results of the above embodiments and comparative examples (Table 1), it can be seen that the negative electrode lead paste prepared in the present application effectively improves the initial discharge capacity and cycle life of the lead-acid battery, reduces the tendency of hydrogen evolution, and improves the stability of the negative electrode.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a hydrogen suppressant synergist for lead-acid battery negative electrode lead paste, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: T1: 21-42 parts by mass of 2-hydroxy-4-thioureidobenzoic acid, 39-80 parts by mass of bismuth nitrate, and 200-300 parts by mass of water are mixed uniformly, and reacted at a temperature of 40-50° C. for 100-140 minutes; T2: adding 2-6 parts by mass of 4,5-dicarboxyimidazole and 0.06-0.6 parts by mass of acetic acid, reacting at a temperature of 70-80° C. for 30-160 minutes; and removing water by distillation to obtain a hydrogen inhibitor synergist.

2. A hydrogen suppression synergist for lead-acid battery negative electrode lead paste prepared by the preparation method of claim 1.

3. A method for preparing a negative electrode lead paste for a lead-acid battery with hydrogen evolution inhibition, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Dry mixing stage: add lead powder, negative electrode additive, hydrogen inhibitor and the hydrogen inhibitor synergist for lead-acid battery negative electrode lead paste according to claim 2 into a mixer and stir evenly; (2) Wet mixing and paste making: Add water and stir to obtain a preliminary paste; add dilute sulfuric acid, stir and mix, and adjust the apparent density of the lead paste to obtain the negative electrode lead paste.

4. The method for preparing the negative electrode lead paste for lead-acid batteries with hydrogen evolution inhibition according to claim 3, wherein: In step (1), based on 100 parts by mass of lead powder, the negative electrode additives include: 0.12-0.2 parts by mass of sodium lignin sulfonate, 0.35-0.5 parts by mass of humic acid, 0.6-1 parts by mass of ultrafine barium sulfate, 0.8-2 parts by mass of conductive agent, and 0.1-0.2 parts by mass of polyester staple fiber.

5. The method for preparing the negative electrode lead paste for lead-acid batteries with hydrogen evolution inhibition according to claim 3, wherein: The hydrogen inhibitor comprises: 0.03-0.05 parts by mass of indium sulfate and 0.12-0.2 parts by mass of bismuth subcarbonate.

6. The method for preparing the negative electrode lead paste for lead-acid batteries with hydrogen evolution inhibition according to claim 5, wherein: The added mass of the hydrogen inhibitor synergist is 1%-5% of the hydrogen inhibitor.

7. The method for preparing the negative electrode lead paste for lead-acid batteries with hydrogen evolution inhibition according to claim 3, wherein: In step (2), 10-12 parts by mass of water and 8.5-10 parts of dilute sulfuric acid, where the density of the dilute sulfuric acid is 1.28-1.40 g / cm³, are added; and the apparent density of the lead paste is adjusted to 4.2-4.4 g / cm³.

8. A negative electrode lead paste for a lead-acid battery with hydrogen evolution inhibition prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 3 to 7.

9. A negative electrode plate for a lead-acid battery with hydrogen evolution inhibition, characterized in that: The invention comprises a negative electrode grid and the negative electrode lead paste for suppressing hydrogen evolution of a lead-acid battery according to claim 8.

10. The negative electrode plate for a lead-acid battery with hydrogen evolution inhibition according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the hydrogen evolution inhibition lead-acid battery negative lead paste is prepared, it is treated with a vacuum mixer or an ultrasonic homogenizer with a frequency of 30-35 kHz for 12-15 minutes; After the hydrogen evolution inhibition lead-acid battery negative electrode lead paste is applied to the negative electrode grid, it is cured for 24-48 hours in an environment with a humidity greater than 90% and a temperature of 32-40°C; after the curing is completed, the hydrogen evolution inhibition lead-acid battery negative electrode plate is first dried at 70°C for 5 hours and then dried at 40°C for 2 hours.

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