Pilot-frequency different-circular-polarization common-caliber antenna applied to satellite communication

Abstract

A different-frequency different-circular-polarization common-aperture antenna applied to satellite communication relates to the field of radio frequency communication and comprises a dielectric plate assembly, an antenna radiation unit assembly and an SIW feed structure assembly. The dielectric plate assembly comprises three layers of dielectric plates and provides support for the whole antenna; the antenna radiation unit assembly comprises a low-frequency antenna radiation unit and four high-frequency antenna radiation units, the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is arranged in the middle of the four high-frequency antenna radiation units, and the four high-frequency antenna radiation units adopt a rotary layout; the SIW feed structure assembly is used for providing feed for the low-frequency antenna radiation unit and the high-frequency antenna radiation unit. According to the invention, normal work of the high-frequency and low-frequency antenna radiation unit in the own working frequency band can be ensured, and the filtering characteristic is presented in the non-working frequency band, so that the port isolation degree between the antenna units in different frequency bands is improved. The frequency band on which the filtering effect acts can be adjusted by changing the size of the SIW feed cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency communication, and particularly to a different-frequency and different-circular-polarization common-aperture antenna applied to satellite communication. Background Art

[0002] Millimeter-wave communication has advantages such as low latency, short wavelength, and large bandwidth. Moreover, there are rich undeveloped spectrum resources in this frequency band currently, which can better meet the requirements of future wireless communication systems for miniaturization and high transmission rate.

[0003] A circularly polarized antenna can receive electromagnetic wave signals in multiple polarization directions, and will not cause polarization mismatch due to the angle between the polarization directions of the transmitting and receiving antennas, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of the transmitted and received signals. The circular polarization direction of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave will reverse after reflection, and there is a large polarization isolation between the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave signals with different rotation directions, so that the multipath interference phenomenon can be effectively suppressed. In addition, compared with linearly polarized electromagnetic waves, the circularly polarized electromagnetic waves have less attenuation after passing through raindrops.

[0004] A common-aperture antenna array is an antenna array that arranges antennas with different frequency bands and different functions in the same aperture. Compared with the separated layout of the traditional antenna array, the common-aperture layout can greatly reduce the size of the antenna array and can meet the development requirements of the current communication system for miniaturization and multi-functionality. However, in the common-aperture layout, the distance between antennas becomes closer, and the mutual coupling phenomenon between antennas with different frequency bands becomes more serious, resulting in a poor port isolation degree between antennas, causing signal crosstalk between ports, and the antennas cannot work independently normally. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problem of poor isolation between antennas caused by the mutual coupling phenomenon in the prior art, and to provide a different-frequency and different-circular-polarization common-aperture antenna applied to satellite communication.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A different-frequency and different-circular-polarization common-aperture antenna applied to satellite communication includes a dielectric plate assembly, an antenna radiation unit assembly, and a SIW feeding structure assembly; the dielectric plate assembly includes three layers of dielectric plates to provide support for the whole antenna; the antenna radiation unit assembly includes 1 low-frequency antenna radiation unit and 4 high-frequency antenna radiation units. The low-frequency antenna radiation unit is arranged in the middle of the 4 high-frequency antenna radiation units, and the 4 high-frequency antenna radiation units adopt a rotating layout, and the feeding phase differences of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° are set in sequence; the SIW feeding structure assembly is used to provide feeding for the low-frequency antenna radiation unit and the high-frequency antenna radiation units.

[0008] The low-frequency antenna radiation unit includes 4 electric dipole radiation patches and 4 magnetic dipole metal columns. The magnetic dipole metal columns connect the electric dipole radiation patches to the upper metal ground of the SIW feeding structure component and penetrate downward to the lower surface of the middle-layer dielectric board; the 4 electric dipole radiation patches are centrosymmetric in pairs and are printed on the upper surface of the top-layer dielectric board.

[0009] The high-frequency antenna radiation unit is obtained by symmetrically cutting off two circular arc cut corners from a circular radiation patch and symmetrically supplementing triangular and rectangular structures in four perpendicular directions. The high-frequency antenna radiation unit is printed on the upper surface of the top-layer dielectric board.

[0010] The SIW feeding structure component includes two layers of metal ground, a metal column structure connecting the two layers of metal ground, an antenna feeder, and a feeding probe; the upper metal ground is printed on the upper surface of the middle-layer dielectric board, and the lower metal ground is printed on the lower surface of the bottom-layer dielectric board; several metal column structures enclose the SIW feeding cavity of the antenna radiation unit component, and the antenna feeder is arranged in the SIW feeding cavity; a feeding slot is etched on the upper metal ground, and a round hole for the feeding probe to pass through is etched on the lower metal ground, and the feeding probe is connected to the antenna feeder.

[0011] The SIW feeding cavity of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is cross-shaped, and the SIW feeding cavity of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit is rectangular.

[0012] The antenna feeder of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is rectangular, and the antenna feeder of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit is F-shaped.

[0013] The feeding slot of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is Z-shaped, and the feeding slot of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit includes two U-shaped slots with perpendicular orientations.

[0014] The feeding probe is a cylindrical metal column that penetrates the bottom-layer dielectric board and connects the antenna feeder of the antenna radiation unit component to the external feeding port.

[0015] The application of a cross-frequency and cross-circular polarization co-aperture antenna applied to satellite communication is applied to a satellite communication system.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0017] (1) The present invention includes a low-frequency antenna and a high-frequency antenna with a co-aperture layout. The low-frequency antenna operates in the K band and radiates left-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, and the high-frequency antenna operates in the Ka band and radiates right-handed circularly polarized waves. Compared with the separated layout of the traditional antenna array, the space of the antenna array is greatly reduced.

[0018] (2) By designing a cross-shaped and rectangular SIW feeding cavity, the isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas of the present invention is increased to more than 40 dB, greatly reducing the mutual coupling between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas and improving the signal crosstalk phenomenon between ports. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the top dielectric board;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic top view of the intermediate dielectric board;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic top view of the bottom dielectric board;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic bottom view of the bottom dielectric board;

[0025] Figure 7 is a simulation result diagram of the return loss of each port of the antenna array varying with frequency;

[0026] Figure 8 is a simulation result diagram of the isolation between the high-frequency antenna feeding port and the low-frequency antenna feeding port varying with frequency;

[0027] Figure 9 is a simulation result diagram of the axial ratio of the radiated wave of the antenna array varying with frequency;

[0028] Figure 10 is a simulation result diagram of the gain of the antenna array varying with frequency in the low-frequency band;

[0029] Figure 11 is a simulation result diagram of the gain of the antenna array varying with frequency in the high-frequency band.

[0030] Reference numerals: electric dipole radiation patch 1, magnetic dipole metal column 2, feeding slot 3 of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit, feeding probe 4, antenna feeder 5 of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit, high-frequency antenna radiation unit 6, feeding slot 7 of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit, antenna feeder 8 of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit, metal column structure 9, top dielectric board 10, intermediate dielectric board 11, bottom dielectric board 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, a different-frequency and different-circular-polarization common-aperture antenna applied to satellite communication according to the present invention includes a dielectric plate assembly, an antenna radiation unit assembly, and an SIW feeding structure assembly;

[0033] The dielectric plate assembly includes three layers of dielectric plates, providing support for the whole antenna. Specifically, it includes a top-layer dielectric plate 10, a middle-layer dielectric plate 11, and a bottom-layer dielectric plate 12, and the three layers of dielectric plates are bonded together by prepregs;

[0034] The antenna radiation unit assembly and the SIW feeding structure assembly present different structures in the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna; the antenna radiation unit assembly includes an antenna array composed of 1 low-frequency antenna radiation unit and 4 high-frequency antenna radiation units 6. The low-frequency antenna radiation unit is arranged in the middle of the 4 high-frequency antenna radiation units 6, and the 4 high-frequency antenna radiation units 6 adopt a rotational layout, and the feeding phase differences of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° are sequentially set to improve the circular polarization performance of the array radiation wave;

[0035] The SIW feeding structure assembly is used to feed the low-frequency antenna radiation unit and the high-frequency antenna radiation unit 6.

[0036] The low-frequency antenna radiation unit includes 4 electric dipole radiation patches 1 and 4 magnetic dipole metal columns 2. The magnetic dipole metal columns 2 connect the electric dipole radiation patches 1 to the upper metal ground of the SIW feeding structure assembly and penetrate downward to the lower surface of the middle-layer dielectric plate 11; the 4 electric dipole radiation patches 1 are pairwise centrosymmetric and are printed on the upper surface of the top-layer dielectric plate 10. In this embodiment, the electric dipole radiation patch 1 is obtained by cutting corners and adding branches to a rectangular patch. Specifically, a group of rectangular patches are cut at the corners and symmetrically arranged, another group of rectangular patches have adjacent corners cut off, and a rectangle is cut at the third corner and extended outward to add branches, and finally symmetrically arranged.

[0037] The high-frequency antenna radiation unit 6 is obtained by symmetrically cutting off two circular arc cut corners from a circular radiation patch and symmetrically adding triangular and rectangular structures in four vertical directions. The high-frequency antenna radiation unit 6 is printed on the upper surface of the top-layer dielectric plate 10.

[0038] The SIW feeding structure component includes two layers of metal grounds, a metal post structure 9 connecting the two layers of metal grounds, an antenna feeder, and a feeding probe 4. The upper metal ground is printed on the upper surface of the intermediate layer dielectric board 11, and the lower metal ground is printed on the lower surface of the bottom layer dielectric board 12. A number of metal post structures 9 enclose the SIW feeding cavity of the antenna radiation unit component, and the antenna feeder is arranged in the SIW feeding cavity. A feeding slot is etched on the upper metal ground, and a round hole for the feeding probe 4 to pass through is etched on the lower metal ground. The feeding probe 4 is connected to the antenna feeder. The antenna feeder 5 of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is rectangular, and the antenna feeder 8 of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit is F-shaped. A disc-shaped patch structure with a diameter slightly larger than that of the feeding probe 4 is provided at the connection between the antenna feeder and the feeding probe 4.

[0039] The SIW feeding cavity of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is cross-shaped, and the SIW feeding cavity of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit is rectangular. The design of the SIW feeding cavity in the present invention ensures the normal operation of the high- and low-frequency antennas within their respective working frequency bands, and at the same time presents a filtering effect in the cross working frequency band, thereby improving the port isolation between the high- and low-frequency antennas.

[0040] The feeding slot 3 of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is Z-shaped, and the feeding slot 7 of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit includes two U-shaped slots with perpendicular orientations.

[0041] The feeding probe 4 is a cylindrical metal post that penetrates the bottom layer dielectric board 12 and connects the antenna feeder of the antenna radiation unit component to the external feeding port.

[0042] Figure 7 This is the simulation result of the return loss of each port of the antenna array. Among them, ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 correspond to the 4 feeding ports in the high-frequency antenna array, port 5 corresponds to the feeding port of the low-frequency antenna, and the working frequency bands of the two-frequency antennas are highlighted in gray. It can be seen that within the working frequency band, the return loss of the corresponding antenna port is lower than -10 dB, meeting the performance requirements for the normal operation of the antenna.

[0043] Figure 8 This is the simulation result of the isolation between the high-frequency antenna feeding port and the low-frequency antenna feeding port in the antenna array varying with frequency. It can be seen that within the working frequency band, the port isolation between the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna reaches more than 40 dB.

[0044] Figure 9 This is the simulation result diagram of the axial ratio of the radiated wave of the antenna array varying with frequency. It can be seen that within the working frequency band, the axial ratio of the radiated wave of the antenna array is lower than 3 dB, meeting the performance requirements of a circularly polarized antenna.

[0045] Figure 10 and Figure 11They are respectively the simulation result diagrams of the gain of the antenna array varying with frequency in the low-frequency band and the high-frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna array can radiate and work normally in the two target frequency bands.

[0046] The above embodiments are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by this embodiment. Any other modifications, combinations, simplifications, etc. made without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A common aperture antenna with different frequencies and circular polarizations for satellite communications, characterized in that: It includes a dielectric plate assembly, an antenna radiation unit assembly, and a SIW feeding structure assembly; the dielectric plate assembly includes a three-layer dielectric plate to provide support for the antenna as a whole; the antenna radiation unit assembly includes a low-frequency antenna radiation unit and four high-frequency antenna radiation units, the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is arranged in the middle of the four high-frequency antenna radiation units, and the four high-frequency antenna radiation units adopt a rotated layout, and the feeding phase differences of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° are set in sequence; the SIW feeding structure assembly is used to provide feeding for the low-frequency antenna radiation unit and the high-frequency antenna radiation unit.

2. The different-frequency, different-circular-polarization, common-aperture antenna for satellite communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-frequency antenna radiation unit includes four electric dipole radiation patches and four magnetic dipole metal columns. The magnetic dipole metal columns connect the electric dipole radiation patches with the upper metal ground of the SIW feeding structure component and penetrate downward to the lower surface of the middle layer dielectric board; the four electric dipole radiation patches are centrally symmetrical in pairs and are printed on the upper surface of the top dielectric board.

3. The different-frequency, different-circular-polarization, common-aperture antenna for satellite communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency antenna radiation unit is obtained by symmetrically cutting off two arc-shaped corners from a circular radiation patch and symmetrically adding triangular and rectangular structures in four vertical directions. The high-frequency antenna radiation unit is printed on the upper surface of the top dielectric board.

4. The different-frequency, different-circular-polarization, common-aperture antenna for satellite communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The SIW feeding structure assembly comprises two layers of metal ground, a metal column structure connecting the two layers of metal ground, an antenna feed line and a feeding probe; the upper metal ground is printed on the upper surface of the middle layer dielectric board, and the lower metal ground is printed on the lower surface of the bottom layer dielectric board; a plurality of metal column structures surround the SIW feeding cavity of the antenna radiation unit assembly, and the antenna feed line is arranged in the SIW feeding cavity; A feeding gap is etched on the upper metal layer, and a circular hole for a feeding probe to pass through is etched on the lower metal layer. The feeding probe is connected to the antenna feed line.

5. The different-frequency, different-circular-polarization, common-aperture antenna for satellite communication according to claim 4, characterized in that: The SIW feeding cavity of the low-frequency antenna radiating unit is in a cross shape, and the SIW feeding cavity of the high-frequency antenna radiating unit is in a rectangular shape.

6. The different-frequency, different-circular-polarization, common-aperture antenna for satellite communication according to claim 4, characterized in that: The antenna feed line of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is rectangular, and the antenna feed line of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit is F-shaped.

7. The different-frequency, different-circular-polarization, common-aperture antenna for satellite communication according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding slot of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is in a Z-shape, and the feeding slot of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit includes two U-shaped slots that are perpendicular to each other.

8. The different-frequency, different-circular-polarization, common-aperture antenna for satellite communication according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding probe is a cylindrical metal column, which penetrates the bottom dielectric plate and connects the antenna feed line of the antenna radiation unit assembly with the external feeding port.

9. Application of a different-frequency, different-circular-polarization, and common-aperture antenna for satellite communication according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Used in satellite communication systems.

Images