A satellite communication is applied to frequency polarization co-aperture antenna of different circle

Abstract

The application relates to a satellite communication hetero-frequency hetero-circular polarization common-aperture antenna, belonging to the radio frequency communication field, which comprises a dielectric plate assembly, an antenna radiation unit assembly and a SIW feeding structure assembly; the dielectric plate assembly comprises three layers of dielectric plates and provides support for the whole antenna; the antenna radiation unit assembly comprises one low-frequency antenna radiation unit and four high-frequency antenna radiation units, the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is arranged in the middle of the four high-frequency antenna radiation units, and the four high-frequency antenna radiation units adopt a rotating layout; the SIW feeding structure assembly is used for feeding the low-frequency antenna radiation unit and the high-frequency antenna radiation unit. The application can guarantee the normal work of the high-frequency and low-frequency antenna radiation units in the working frequency bands, and present filtering characteristics in the non-working frequency bands, so that the port isolation between the antenna units of different frequency bands is improved. The filtering effect of the SIW feeding cavity can be adjusted by changing the size of the SIW feeding cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radio frequency communication, and more particularly to a common aperture antenna with different frequencies and circular polarizations for use in satellite communication. Background Technology

[0002] Millimeter wave communication has advantages such as low latency, short wavelength, and large bandwidth. In addition, there are abundant undeveloped spectrum resources in this frequency band, which can better meet the needs of future wireless communication systems for miniaturization and high transmission rate.

[0003] Circularly polarized antennas can receive electromagnetic wave signals with multiple polarization directions without polarization mismatch caused by the angle between the polarization directions of the transmitting and receiving antennas, thus preventing reduced signal transmission and reception efficiency. Circularly polarized electromagnetic waves reverse their direction of rotation after reflection, and there is significant polarization isolation between circularly polarized electromagnetic wave signals with different directions of rotation, effectively suppressing multipath interference. Furthermore, compared to linearly polarized electromagnetic waves, circularly polarized electromagnetic waves experience less attenuation after passing through raindrops.

[0004] A common-aperture antenna array is an antenna array that arranges antennas of different frequency bands and functions within the same aperture. Compared to the separate layout of traditional antenna arrays, the common-aperture layout can significantly reduce the size of the antenna array, meeting the current development needs of miniaturization and multi-functionality in communication systems. However, in a common-aperture layout, the spacing between antennas becomes closer, and the mutual coupling between antennas of different frequency bands becomes more severe, resulting in poor port isolation between antennas, causing signal crosstalk between ports, and preventing the antennas from working normally and independently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of poor isolation between antennas caused by mutual coupling in the prior art, and to provide a common aperture antenna with different frequency and circular polarization for satellite communication.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A common-aperture antenna with different frequencies and circular polarizations for satellite communication includes a dielectric substrate assembly, an antenna radiating element assembly, and a SIW (Simultaneous Induction Wave) feed structure assembly. The dielectric substrate assembly comprises three layers of dielectric substrate, providing support for the entire antenna. The antenna radiating element assembly includes one low-frequency antenna radiating element and four high-frequency antenna radiating elements. The low-frequency antenna radiating element is located in the middle of the four high-frequency antenna radiating elements, and the four high-frequency antenna radiating elements are arranged in a rotating layout with feed phase differences of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° sequentially. The SIW feed structure assembly is used to provide power to the low-frequency and high-frequency antenna radiating elements.

[0008] The low-frequency antenna radiating element includes four electric dipole radiating patches and four magnetic dipole metal pillars. The magnetic dipole metal pillars connect the electric dipole radiating patches to the upper metal ground of the SIW feed structure assembly and penetrate downwards to the lower surface of the intermediate layer dielectric substrate. The four electric dipole radiating patches are centrally symmetrical in pairs and printed on the upper surface of the top layer dielectric substrate.

[0009] The high-frequency antenna radiating unit is obtained by symmetrically cutting two rounded corners off a circular radiating patch and symmetrically adding triangular and rectangular structures in four perpendicular directions. The high-frequency antenna radiating unit is printed on the surface of the top dielectric substrate.

[0010] The SIW feed structure assembly includes two metal ground layers, metal pillar structures connecting the two metal ground layers, an antenna feed line, and a feed probe. The upper metal ground layer is printed on the upper surface of the middle dielectric substrate, and the lower metal ground layer is printed on the lower surface of the bottom dielectric substrate. Several metal pillar structures form the SIW feed cavity of the antenna radiating unit assembly, and the antenna feed line is arranged inside the SIW feed cavity. Feed gaps are etched on the upper metal ground layer, and circular holes for the feed probe to pass through are etched on the lower metal ground layer. The feed probe is connected to the antenna feed line.

[0011] The SIW feed cavity of the low-frequency antenna radiating element is cross-shaped, while the SIW feed cavity of the high-frequency antenna radiating element is rectangular.

[0012] The antenna feed line of the low-frequency antenna radiating element is rectangular, while the antenna feed line of the high-frequency antenna radiating element is F-shaped.

[0013] The feed slot of the low-frequency antenna radiating element is Z-shaped, and the feed slot of the high-frequency antenna radiating element includes two U-shaped slots oriented perpendicularly to each other.

[0014] The feed probe is a cylindrical metal post that penetrates the bottom dielectric substrate and connects the antenna feed line of the antenna radiating unit assembly to the external feed port.

[0015] The aforementioned application of a hetero-frequency, hetero-circularly polarized, common-aperture antenna for satellite communication is applied to a satellite communication system.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the technical solution of this invention are:

[0017] (1) The present invention includes a low-frequency antenna and a high-frequency antenna with a common aperture layout. The low-frequency antenna operates in the K-band and radiates left-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, while the high-frequency antenna operates in the Ka-band and radiates right-hand circularly polarized waves. Compared with the separate layout of traditional antenna arrays, the space of the antenna array is greatly reduced.

[0018] (2) By designing cross-shaped and rectangular SIW feed cavities, the present invention improves the isolation between high and low frequency antennas to more than 40dB, which greatly reduces the mutual coupling between high and low frequency antennas and improves the signal crosstalk phenomenon between ports. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of the top dielectric substrate;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a top view of the intermediate layer dielectric substrate;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a top view of the underlying substrate.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the underlying dielectric substrate;

[0025] Figure 7 The simulation results show the return loss of each port of the antenna array as a function of frequency.

[0026] Figure 8 The simulation results show the variation of isolation between the high-frequency antenna feed port and the low-frequency antenna feed port as a function of frequency.

[0027] Figure 9 The figure shows the simulation results of the axial ratio of the antenna array radiated wave as a function of frequency.

[0028] Figure 10 The figure shows the simulation results of the antenna array gain as a function of frequency in the low-frequency band.

[0029] Figure 11 The figure shows the simulation results of the antenna array gain varying with frequency in the high-frequency band.

[0030] Figure reference numerals: 1. Electric dipole radiating patch; 2. Magnetic dipole metal pillar; 3. Feed slot of low-frequency antenna radiating element; 4. Feed probe; 5. Antenna feed line of low-frequency antenna radiating element; 6. High-frequency antenna radiating element; 7. Feed slot of high-frequency antenna radiating element; 8. Antenna feed line of high-frequency antenna radiating element; 9. Metal pillar structure; 10. Top layer dielectric substrate; 11. Middle layer dielectric substrate; 12. Bottom layer dielectric substrate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a common aperture antenna with different frequency and circular polarization for satellite communication, comprising a dielectric substrate assembly, an antenna radiating element assembly, and a SIW feed structure assembly.

[0033] The dielectric substrate assembly includes three dielectric substrates to provide support for the antenna as a whole. Specifically, it includes a top dielectric substrate 10, a middle dielectric substrate 11, and a bottom dielectric substrate 12. The three dielectric substrates are bonded together by a prepreg.

[0034] The antenna radiating element assembly and the SIW feed structure assembly present different structures in the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna. The antenna radiating element assembly includes an antenna array consisting of one low-frequency antenna radiating element and four high-frequency antenna radiating elements 6. The low-frequency antenna radiating element is located in the middle of the four high-frequency antenna radiating elements 6, and the four high-frequency antenna radiating elements 6 adopt a rotating layout and are sequentially set with feed phase differences of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° to improve the circular polarization performance of the array radiated wave.

[0035] The SIW feed structure assembly is used to provide power to the low-frequency antenna radiating element and the high-frequency antenna radiating element 6.

[0036] The low-frequency antenna radiating element includes four electric dipole radiating patches 1 and four magnetic dipole metal pillars 2. The magnetic dipole metal pillars 2 connect the electric dipole radiating patches 1 to the upper metal ground of the SIW feed structure assembly and penetrate downward to the lower surface of the intermediate layer dielectric substrate 11. The four electric dipole radiating patches 1 are centrally symmetrical in pairs and printed on the upper surface of the top layer dielectric substrate 10. In this embodiment, the electric dipole radiating patches 1 are obtained by chopping corners and adding branches from rectangular patches. Specifically, one set of rectangular patches is chopping corners and then symmetrically arranged, and another set of rectangular patches has adjacent corners cut off, and after chopping a rectangle at the third corner, it extends outward to add branches, and finally is arranged symmetrically.

[0037] The high-frequency antenna radiating unit 6 is obtained by symmetrically cutting two rounded corners off a circular radiating patch and symmetrically adding triangular and rectangular structures in four perpendicular directions. The high-frequency antenna radiating unit 6 is printed on the upper surface of the top dielectric substrate 10.

[0038] The SIW feed structure assembly includes two metal ground layers, a metal pillar structure 9 connecting the two metal ground layers, an antenna feed line, and a feed probe 4. The upper metal ground layer is printed on the upper surface of the middle dielectric substrate 11, and the lower metal ground layer is printed on the lower surface of the bottom dielectric substrate 12. Several metal pillar structures 9 form the SIW feed cavity of the antenna radiating unit assembly, and the antenna feed line is arranged inside the SIW feed cavity. Feed gaps are etched on the upper metal ground layer, and circular holes for the feed probe 4 to pass through are etched on the lower metal ground layer. The feed probe 4 is connected to the antenna feed line. The antenna feed line 5 of the low-frequency antenna radiating unit is rectangular, and the antenna feed line 8 of the high-frequency antenna radiating unit is F-shaped. A disc-shaped patch structure with a diameter slightly larger than the feed probe 4 is provided at the connection between the antenna feed line and the feed probe 4.

[0039] The SIW feed cavity of the low-frequency antenna radiating element is cross-shaped, and the SIW feed cavity of the high-frequency antenna radiating element is rectangular. The SIW feed cavity design of the present invention ensures that the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas work normally within their own operating frequency bands, while exhibiting a filtering effect in the cross-operating frequency bands, thereby improving the port isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas.

[0040] The feed slot 3 of the low-frequency antenna radiating element is Z-shaped, and the feed slot 7 of the high-frequency antenna radiating element includes two U-shaped slots oriented perpendicularly to each other.

[0041] The feed probe 4 is a cylindrical metal post that penetrates the bottom dielectric substrate 12 and connects the antenna feed line of the antenna radiating unit assembly to the external feed port.

[0042] Figure 7 The simulation results show the return loss of each port of the antenna array. Ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 correspond to the four feed ports in the high-frequency antenna array, and port 5 corresponds to the feed port of the low-frequency antenna. The gray highlights indicate the operating frequency bands of the two antenna bands. It can be seen that within the operating frequency band, the return loss of the corresponding antenna port is less than -10dB, which meets the performance requirements for normal antenna operation.

[0043] Figure 8 The simulation results show the variation of the isolation between the high-frequency antenna feed port and the low-frequency antenna feed port in the antenna array with frequency. It can be seen that within the operating frequency band, the port isolation between the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna reaches more than 40dB.

[0044] Figure 9 The simulation results show the axial ratio of the radiated wave of the antenna array as a function of frequency. It can be seen that within the operating frequency band, the axial ratio of the radiated wave of the antenna array is less than 3dB, which meets the performance requirements of a circularly polarized antenna.

[0045] Figure 10 and Figure 11The figures show the simulation results of the antenna array gain as a function of frequency in the low-frequency and high-frequency bands, respectively. It can be seen that the antenna array can radiate normally in both target frequency bands.

[0046] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to these embodiments. Any modifications, combinations and simplifications made without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A common-aperture antenna with different frequencies and circular polarizations for satellite communication, characterized in that: The antenna assembly includes a dielectric substrate assembly, an antenna radiating element assembly, and a SIW feed structure assembly. The dielectric substrate assembly comprises three layers of dielectric substrates, providing support for the entire antenna. The antenna radiating element assembly includes one low-frequency antenna radiating element and four high-frequency antenna radiating elements. The low-frequency antenna radiating element is located in the middle of the four high-frequency antenna radiating elements, and the four high-frequency antenna radiating elements are arranged in a rotating layout with feed phase differences of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° respectively. The SIW feed structure assembly provides feed to the low-frequency and high-frequency antenna radiating elements and improves the isolation between the ports of different frequencies. The SIW feed cavity of the low-frequency antenna radiating element is cross-shaped, and the SIW feed cavity of the high-frequency antenna radiating element is rectangular. The SIW feed structure assembly includes two metal ground layers and a metal pillar structure connecting the two metal ground layers. A feed gap is etched on the upper metal ground layer, and the feed gap is located in the middle of the cross-shaped SIW feed cavity.

2. The heterogeneous circular polarization common aperture antenna for satellite communication as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The low-frequency antenna radiating element includes four electric dipole radiating patches and four magnetic dipole metal pillars. The magnetic dipole metal pillars connect the electric dipole radiating patches to the upper metal ground of the SIW feed structure assembly and penetrate downwards to the lower surface of the intermediate layer dielectric substrate. The four electric dipole radiating patches are centrally symmetrical in pairs and printed on the upper surface of the top layer dielectric substrate.

3. The heterogeneous circular polarization common aperture antenna for satellite communication as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency antenna radiating unit is obtained by symmetrically cutting two rounded corners off a circular radiating patch and symmetrically adding triangular and rectangular structures in four perpendicular directions. The high-frequency antenna radiating unit is printed on the surface of the top dielectric substrate.

4. A common-aperture antenna with different frequencies and circular polarizations for satellite communication as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The SIW feed structure assembly also includes an antenna feed line and a feed probe; the upper metal ground is printed on the upper surface of the middle layer dielectric substrate, and the lower metal ground is printed on the lower surface of the bottom layer dielectric substrate; several metal pillar structures surround the SIW feed cavity of the antenna radiating unit assembly, and the antenna feed line is arranged inside the SIW feed cavity; The lower metal ground has circular holes etched for the feed probe to pass through, and the feed probe is connected to the antenna feed line.

5. A common-aperture antenna with different frequencies and circular polarizations for satellite communication as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The antenna feed line of the low-frequency antenna radiating element is rectangular, while the antenna feed line of the high-frequency antenna radiating element is F-shaped.

6. A common-aperture antenna with different frequencies and circular polarizations for satellite communication as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The feed slot of the low-frequency antenna radiating element is Z-shaped, and the feed slot of the high-frequency antenna radiating element includes two U-shaped slots oriented perpendicularly to each other.

7. A common-aperture antenna with different frequencies and circular polarizations for satellite communication as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The feed probe is a cylindrical metal post that penetrates the bottom dielectric substrate and connects the antenna feed line of the antenna radiating unit assembly to the external feed port.

8. A common-aperture antenna with different frequencies and circular polarizations for satellite communication as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It is used in satellite communication systems.

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