Method for improving yield and nutrition of grassland forage grass by cutting and fertilizing

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving grassland pasture yield and nutrition through cutting and fertilization in the technical field of grassland agricultural cultivation, which comprises the following steps: step 1, soil preparation: firstly applying a base fertilizer to a pasture cultivation land, and then performing shallow ploughing stubble cleaning, ploughing, deep scarification ploughing, harrowing, soil leveling, pressing, land leveling and bedding on the pasture cultivation land to complete soil preparation operation; 2, fertilizer preparation: preparing the fertilizer according to the pasture environment; 3, sowing, wherein leguminous forage grass and gramineous forage grass are mixed and sown; step 4, cutting for the first time: cutting the pasture for the first time when the pasture is in an initial flowering period, and topdressing the pasture planting land for the first time; and step 5, secondary mowing: after the primary mowing is completed, carrying out secondary mowing on the pasture when the pasture is in the initial flowering stage again, and carrying out secondary topdressing. The method is simple and easy to operate, and the yield and quality of forage grass are improved by changing the fertilizer ratio, controlling the mowing times and adopting a sowing mode of mixed sowing of beans and grasses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of grassland agriculture cultivation, and specifically relates to a method for improving the yield and nutrition of grassland forage through mowing and fertilization. Background Art

[0002] Grasslands play an important role in the carbon and nitrogen cycles of the terrestrial ecosystem on Earth. In addition to being affected by the environment, the nutrient content of grasslands is significantly influenced by factors such as vegetation type and grassland utilization methods. In recent years, human activities (such as increasing livestock and cultivation) have accelerated the degradation of grasslands. In the degradation of grassland ecosystems, the degradation of soil lags behind that of plants, is a more serious degradation than plant degradation, and the recovery time after degradation is also much longer than that of plants. A large number of studies have shown that the degradation of grasslands leads to a decrease in soil organic matter content and affects forage productivity. Currently, the main restoration techniques for degraded grasslands include fertilization, mixed sowing, root cutting, fencing, etc. Appropriate fertilization is an important measure to ensure the balance of material input and output in grassland ecosystems and achieve sustainable production.

[0003] Phosphorus in the soil mainly exists in two forms: organic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus. Inorganic phosphorus mainly exists in the soil in three forms: mineral phosphorus, adsorbed phosphorus, and water-soluble phosphorus. Plants mainly utilize the available phosphorus in the soil. More than 95% of the phosphorus in the soil is in a poorly soluble form, making it difficult for plants to absorb and utilize, which has become an important factor limiting plant growth.

[0004] Currently, for the forage planting areas in the karst region, the soil is extremely lacking in phosphorus, and the phosphorus in the soil is not conducive to the absorption of local forage. The growth rate of forage is slow and the quality is not high. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a method for improving the yield and nutrition of grassland forage through mowing and fertilization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem of the low growth quality of the above-mentioned forage, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for improving the yield and nutrition of grassland forage through mowing and fertilization. By changing the fertilizer ratio, controlling the number of mowing times, and adopting the sowing mode of legume-grass mixed sowing, the yield and quality of forage are improved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for improving the yield and nutrition of grassland forage through mowing and fertilization, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1, land preparation: First, apply basal fertilizer to the forage cultivation land through a fertilization device, and then perform operations such as shallow tillage for stubble cleaning, plowing, deep subsoiling, harrowing, levelling, rolling, land levelling, and bed making on the forage cultivation land to complete the land preparation operation of the forage cultivation land;

[0008] Step 2, fertilizer preparation: Prepare fertilizers according to the pasture environment and add the prepared fertilizers into the fertilization device;

[0009] Step 3, seeding: Mix and sow leguminous forage and gramineous forage.

[0010] Step 4, first mowing: When the forage is at the early flowering stage, start the first mowing of the forage, and use the prepared fertilizer to carry out the first topdressing on the forage planting land through a fertilization device.

[0011] Step 5, second mowing: After the first mowing is completed, when the forage is at the early flowering stage again, start the second mowing of the forage, and carry out the second topdressing on the forage planting land again through the fertilization device.

[0012] The principle of the basic plan is as follows: Before planting forage, first prepare the land for the forage planting land, and complete the land preparation operation by means of stubble cleaning by shallow tillage, ploughing, subsoiling, harrowing, levelling, rolling, land levelling and bed making. After the land preparation operation is completed, seeding and fertilizer production operations can be carried out, and fertilizers are produced for the forage planting land. Since the soil in the karst area has a low phosphorus content and more than 95% of the phosphorus in the soil is in a poorly soluble form and is not easily absorbed by plants, it is necessary to increase the ratio of phosphorus and the content of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria during the fertilizer production process. At the same time, because the legume-grass mixed sowing mode is adopted during seeding and leguminous forage has a certain nitrogen fixation function, the ratio of nitrogen element can be appropriately reduced during the fertilizer production process, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can be 5%, 10% and 25% respectively for fertilizer production. During seeding, mix and sow leguminous forage and gramineous forage. When the forage is at the early flowering stage, carry out the first mowing. After the first mowing is completed, topdress the forage planting land, and the topdressing amount is 50 kg / mu. After the first mowing is completed and the forage is at the early flowering stage again, carry out the second mowing of the forage, and topdress the forage planting land again after the second mowing is completed, and the topdressing amount is 40 kg / mu.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the basic plan are as follows: 1. Land preparation can create a good soil tillage layer structure and surface state, improve soil fertility, and provide good conditions for the seeding and growth of forage.

[0014] 2. The operation of topdressing the forage replenishes the nutrients in the soil consumed during the growth process of the forage, which is beneficial to the continuous growth of the forage.

[0015] 3. Leguminous plants can fix nitrogen, and nitrogen-loving plants such as gramineous plants can utilize the nitrogen fixed by leguminous plants. Moreover, legume-grass mixed sowing also has advantages in the utilization of above-ground space, and the competition between the two is small. The mode of mixing and sowing leguminous forage and gramineous forage can effectively improve the yield and quality of forage.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 1, the base fertilizer is one of farmyard manure, compost or slow-release chemical fertilizer.

[0017] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: The base fertilizer can supply the basic nutrients required by the forage grass throughout the growth period, create good soil conditions for the growth and development of the forage grass, and at the same time, the base fertilizer also has the functions of improving the soil and cultivating soil fertility.

[0018] Further, in step one, the digging depth during land preparation does not exceed 15 cm.

[0019] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: A land preparation depth of 15 cm can effectively reduce the possibility of soil structure damage caused by excessive land preparation depth, and at the same time, it also reduces the situation where the balance of soil moisture and nutrients is damaged due to excessive land preparation depth, and reduces the possibility of soil drought and nutrient loss.

[0020] Further, in step two, during the fertilizer production operation, increase the phosphorus content of the fertilizer and the content of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria in the fertilizer.

[0021] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria can dissolve phosphorus in the soil (such as aluminum phosphate, iron phosphate, calcium phosphate, etc.) into phosphorus that can be absorbed by plants. At the same time, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria can reduce the fixation of phosphate fertilizer and improve the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer.

[0022] Further, in step three, when conducting legume-grass mixed sowing, the sowing depth of both leguminous forage grass and gramineous forage grass is 1 - 2 cm.

[0023] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: The soil has a high softness after land preparation. Setting the sowing depth of the forage grass seeds at 1 - 2 cm can ensure soil air permeability while allowing the forage grass seeds to better absorb the moisture in the soil.

[0024] Further, in step three, when conducting the mixed sowing operation, the ratio of leguminous forage grass to gramineous forage grass is 3:7.

[0025] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: Leguminous forage grass has a certain nitrogen fixation effect. The design with a ratio of leguminous forage grass to gramineous forage grass of 3:7 reduces the possibility of nitrogen element deficiency inside the soil caused by a relatively high proportion of leguminous forage grass.

[0026] Further, in steps four and five, the sprinkler irrigation fertilization method is used for topdressing.

[0027] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: The sprinkler irrigation fertilization method has the characteristics of high efficiency, easy control of concentration, and cost-effectiveness. It sprays the nutrient-containing solution onto the stems and leaves of the plants, enabling the nutrients to be quickly absorbed by the plants, and at the same time, reducing the pollution to the environment.

[0028] Further, in steps four and five, the fertilization amount of the second topdressing is less than that of the first topdressing.

[0029] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: When the forage continues to grow to the height of the second mowing, the fertilizer nutrients of the first topdressing may not be completely consumed, so that the amount of the second topdressing needs to be less than that of the first topdressing, reducing the possibility of adverse effects on the growth of forage caused by excessive fertilization.

[0030] Further, in Steps 1, 2, 4, and 5, the fertilizing device includes a number of self-propelled fertilizer spreaders. A loading chamber is provided at the top of the self-propelled fertilizer spreader. A top cover is detachably connected to the top of the loading chamber. A number of discharge ports are provided on the bottom wall of the loading chamber. An electric baffle is slidably connected to the bottom of the discharge port. A number of sprayers corresponding to the discharge ports are provided at the bottom of the loading chamber. Support rods are provided on both sides of the sprayer. The bottom end of the support rod is fixedly connected to a motor. The output shaft of the motor is coaxially connected to a wheel. The self-propelled fertilizer spreader is signal-connected to a controller.

[0031] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: The staff adds the prepared fertilizer into the loading chamber, and sends a control signal to the self-propelled fertilizer spreader through the controller. At this time, the self-propelled fertilizer spreader starts to operate. The wheel moves under the drive of the motor, and at the same time, the electric baffle moves. At this time, the electric baffle no longer produces a blocking effect, and the fertilizer seeps out from the discharge port, so as to fertilize the forage through the sprayer. The use of the self-propelled fertilizer spreader reduces the labor cost required for growing forage.

[0032] Further, in Steps 1, 2, 4, and 5, an alarm device is provided inside the self-propelled fertilizer spreader.

[0033] The principle and beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: When the self-propelled fertilizer spreader cannot operate normally, such as when the wheel is entangled by forage, the self-propelled fertilizer spreader will send an alarm message to the controller for the staff to handle in time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of land preparation in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a front view schematic diagram of the self-propelled fertilizer spreader in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0037] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0038] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: loading chamber 1, top cover 2, sprayer 3, support rod 4, wheel 5.

[0039] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figures 1 - 3Shown: A method for improving the yield and nutrition of pasture grass through mowing and fertilization, comprising the following steps:

[0040] Step 1, land preparation: First, apply basal fertilizer to the pasture land using several self-propelled fertilizer spreaders. The basal fertilizer is one of manure, compost, or slow-release chemical fertilizer. Then, perform operations such as shallow tillage for stubble elimination, plowing, deep subsoiling, harrowing, levelling, rolling, and bed making on the pasture land to complete the land preparation operation for the pasture land. The digging depth during land preparation does not exceed 15 cm.

[0041] Among them, the top of the self-propelled fertilizer spreader is provided with a loading chamber 1. The top of the loading chamber 1 is detachably connected with a top cover 2. The inner bottom wall of the loading chamber 1 is provided with several discharge ports. The bottom of the discharge port is slidably connected with an electric baffle. The bottom of the loading chamber 1 is provided with several sprayers 3 corresponding to the discharge ports. Both sides of the sprayer 3 are provided with support rods 4. The bottom end of the support rod 4 is fixedly connected with a motor. The output shaft of the motor is coaxially connected with a wheel 5. The self-propelled fertilizer spreader is signal-connected with a controller, and an alarm device is arranged inside the self-propelled fertilizer spreader.

[0042] Step 2, fertilizer production: Produce fertilizer according to the pasture environment and add the produced fertilizer into the loading chamber 1 of the self-propelled fertilizer spreader. Here, the phosphorus content of the fertilizer and the content of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria in the fertilizer are increased according to the phosphorus-deficient situation of the soil in the karst area.

[0043] Step 3, sowing: Mix and sow leguminous forage grass and gramineous forage grass. The sowing depth of both leguminous forage grass and gramineous forage grass is 1 - 2 cm, and the ratio of leguminous forage grass to gramineous forage grass is 3:7.

[0044] Step 4, first mowing: Start the first mowing of the forage grass when the forage grass is in the early flowering stage, and use the produced fertilizer to perform the first topdressing on the forage grass planting land through the self-propelled fertilizer spreader.

[0045] Step 5, second mowing: After the first mowing is completed, start the second mowing of the forage grass when the forage grass is in the early flowering stage again, and perform the second topdressing on the forage grass planting land through the self-propelled fertilizer spreader again. The fertilization amount of the second topdressing is less than that of the first topdressing, and the fertilization method of topdressing adopts sprinkler irrigation fertilization.

[0046] The specific implementation process is as follows: Construction workers first conduct shallow tillage for stubble elimination, plowing, subsoiling, harrowing, leveling, rolling, and bed formation on the forage grass planting land, and fill the loading chamber 1 at the top of the self-propelled fertilizer applicator with base fertilizer. After filling the base fertilizer, the staff operates the controller to send a control signal to the self-propelled fertilizer applicator. At this time, after receiving the control signal, the self-propelled fertilizer applicator starts, the motor begins to rotate, the output shaft of the motor drives the wheel 5 to move, and at the same time, the electric baffle is removed to block, and the base fertilizer enters the sprayer 3 through the discharge port. At this time, the sprayer 3 sprays the base fertilizer onto the forage grass planting land. When the base fertilizer spraying is completed, the construction workers can carry out fertilizer production and sowing operations, sowing leguminous forage grass and gramineous forage grass in a ratio of 3:7, and controlling the sowing depth to be 1 - 2 cm. In this embodiment, the sowing depth is 1.5 cm. When producing fertilizer, the staff uses nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium at a ratio of 5%, 10%, and 25% respectively for fertilizer production, and increases the content of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the fertilizer. When the forage grass is in the early flowering stage, the staff starts the first mowing, and after the first mowing is completed, adds the prepared fertilizer to the loading bin, and sends a control signal to the self-propelled fertilizer applicator through the controller to make the self-propelled fertilizer applicator operate and conduct the first topdressing on the forage grass; after the first mowing is completed and the forage grass is in the early flowering stage again, the staff starts the second mowing, adds the prepared fertilizer to the loading bin, and sends a control signal to the self-propelled fertilizer applicator through the controller to make the self-propelled fertilizer applicator operate and conduct the second topdressing on the forage grass.

[0047] The experimental process is as follows:

[0048] I. Experiment preparation

[0049] Leguminous forage grass seeds and gramineous forage grass seeds. The leguminous forage grass seeds are alfalfa, and the gramineous forage grass is bromegrass. According to different forage grass mixed sowing ratios, fertilizer ratios, and forage grass mowing times, it is divided into a control group, experimental group A, experimental group B, and control group C. The specific situations are shown in Table 1:

[0050] Group Fertilizer Applied Whether Mixed Sowing Control Group General Compound Fertilizer No Experimental Group A General Compound Fertilizer Yes Experimental Group B Prepared Fertilizer No

[0051] Table 1

[0052] II. Experimental process:

[0053] Control group:

[0054] Raw materials: Bromegrass, general-purpose compound fertilizer

[0055] Planting method: It includes the following steps: Step 1, land preparation: First, apply base fertilizer to the forage grass breeding land through a fertilizing device, and then conduct operations such as shallow tillage for stubble elimination, plowing, subsoiling, harrowing, leveling, rolling, and bed formation on the forage grass breeding land to complete the land preparation operation of the forage grass breeding land;

[0056] Step 2, fertilizer production: Produce fertilizers according to the pasture environment and add the produced fertilizers into the fertilization device;

[0057] Step 3, seeding: Sow a mixture of leguminous forage and gramineous forage;

[0058] Step 4, first mowing: Start the first mowing of the forage when it is in the early flowering stage, and conduct the first topdressing on the forage planting area with the produced fertilizers through the fertilization device;

[0059] Step 5, second mowing: After the first mowing is completed, start the second mowing of the forage when it is in the early flowering stage again, and conduct the second topdressing on the forage planting area through the fertilization device again.

[0060] Experimental group A:

[0061] Raw materials: Alfalfa, Bromus japonicus, general compound fertilizer

[0062] Planting method: including the following steps:

[0063] Step 1, land preparation: First apply basal fertilizer to the forage breeding ground through the fertilization device, and then conduct operations such as shallow tillage for stubble cleaning, plowing, deep subsoiling, harrowing, leveling, rolling, land leveling and bed making on the forage breeding ground to complete the land preparation operation of the forage breeding ground;

[0064] Step 2, seeding: Sow a mixture of alfalfa and Bromus japonicus;

[0065] Step 3, first mowing: Start the first mowing when both alfalfa and Bromus japonicus are in the early flowering stage, and conduct the first topdressing on the forage planting area through the fertilization device. The fertilizer used for the first topdressing is general compound fertilizer;

[0066] Step 4, second mowing: After the first mowing is completed, start the second mowing when both alfalfa and Bromus japonicus are in the early flowering stage again, and conduct the second topdressing on the forage planting area through the fertilization device again. The fertilizer used for the second topdressing is general compound fertilizer.

[0067] Experimental group B:

[0068] Raw materials: Bromus japonicus, produced fertilizers

[0069] Planting method: including the following steps:

[0070] Step 1, land preparation: First apply basal fertilizer to the forage breeding ground through the fertilization device, and then conduct operations such as shallow tillage for stubble cleaning, plowing, deep subsoiling, harrowing, leveling, rolling, land leveling and bed making on the forage breeding ground to complete the land preparation operation of the forage breeding ground;

[0071] Step 2, fertilizer production: Produce fertilizers according to the pasture environment and add the produced fertilizers into the fertilization device;

[0072] Step 3, seeding: Sow the bromegrass.

[0073] Step 4, first mowing: When the bromegrass is at the early flowering stage, start the first mowing of the bromegrass, and conduct the first topdressing on the forage planting area through a fertilizing device. The fertilizer used for the first topdressing is the fertilizer prepared in Step 2.

[0074] Step 5, second mowing: After the first mowing is completed, when the bromegrass is at the early flowering stage again, start the second mowing of the bromegrass, and conduct the second topdressing on the forage planting area through the fertilizing device again. The fertilizer used for the second topdressing is the fertilizer prepared in Step 2.

[0075] III. Experimental results: The growth conditions of the forage are shown in Tables 2 - 4:

[0076] Group <![CDATA[Total nitrogen content / (g·kg -1 )]]> Organic Matter Content / % Control Group 0.52±0.029 1.06±0.02 Experimental Group A 0.68±0.09 1.13±0.25 Experimental Group B 0.73±0.025 1.19±0.23

[0077] Table 2 Influence of the prepared fertilizer on the total nitrogen content and organic matter content of the forage

[0078] Group Plant Height (cm) Root Length (cm) Root Thickness (cm) Control Group 7.3±0.12 5.06±0.13 0.05±0.12 Experimental Group A 8.41±0.09 5.63±0.11 0.058±0.12 Experimental Group B 9.51±0.3 6.01±0.15 0.061±0.09

[0079] Table 3 Influence of phosphate - solubilizing bacteria on the growth of forage

[0080] Group <![CDATA[Total fresh forage yield at first cutting (kg / hm 2 )]]> <![CDATA[Total fresh grass yield of two cuttings (kg / hm 2 )]]> Control Group 14909 21252 Experimental Group A 17359 28675 Experimental Group B 17461 31595

[0081] Table 4 Influence of mowing on the yield of forage

[0082] From Tables 2 - 4, the influence of various factors on the yield and quality of the forage can be obtained:

[0083] From the comparison results between the control group and experimental group B in Tables 2 - 4, it can be concluded that the forage using the fertilizer with added phosphorus content and phosphate - solubilizing bacteria has higher quality and better growth and development;

[0084] From the comparison results between the control group and experimental group A in Tables 2 - 4, it can be concluded that adopting the mixed - seeding sowing mode can effectively increase the yield of the forage, and at the same time is also beneficial to improving the quality of the forage;

[0085] From Table 4, compared with only one mowing, conducting two mowings can significantly increase the yield of the forage, which has great significance for the field of forage cultivation.

[0086] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0087] The above are only embodiments of the present invention. Common general knowledge such as specific structures and characteristics in the solutions is not described in detail herein. Those of ordinary skill in the art know all the common general knowledge in the technical field to which the invention pertains before the filing date or the priority date, are able to know all the prior art in this field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental means before this date. Those of ordinary skill in the art can, under the inspiration given in this application, combine their own abilities to complete and implement this solution. Some typical well-known structures or well-known methods should not be an obstacle for those of ordinary skill in the art to implement this application. It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners and the like recorded in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for increasing grassland forage yield and nutrition by mowing and fertilizing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, land preparation: firstly, basal fertilizer is applied to the forage breeding land through the fertilization device, and then shallow ploughing, stubble removal, ploughing, deep loosening, harrowing, hoeing, pressing, leveling and furrowing are performed on the forage breeding land to complete the land preparation operation of the forage breeding land; Step 2: Fertilizer making: Fertilizer is made according to the pasture environment, and the made fertilizer is added into the fertilization device; Step 3, sowing: sowing the leguminous grass and the gramineous grass together; Step 4, primary mowing: when the grass is in the initial flowering period, the grass is mowed for the first time, and the grass planting area is top-dressed for the first time using the prepared fertilizer through a fertilizing device; Step 5, secondary mowing: After the first mowing is completed, the grass is mowed for the second time when the grass is in the initial flowering period again, and the grass planting area is fertilized for the second time through the fertilization device.

2. The method for increasing grassland forage yield and nutrition by mowing and fertilizing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the base fertilizer is selected from among manure, compost or slow-release chemical fertilizer.

3. The method for increasing grassland forage yield and nutrition by mowing and fertilizing according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the digging depth during land preparation should not exceed 15 cm.

4. The method for increasing grassland forage yield and nutrition by mowing and fertilizing according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2, during the fertilizer making operation, the phosphorus content of the fertilizer and the content of phosphate-dissolving bacteria in the fertilizer are increased.

5. The method for increasing grassland forage yield and nutrition by mowing and fertilizing according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step three, when legume and grass are mixed, the sowing depth of legume and grass is 1-2 cm.

6. The method for increasing grassland forage yield and nutrition by mowing and fertilizing according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step three, when performing mixed seeding operation, the ratio of leguminous forage to gramineous forage is 3:

7.

7. The method for increasing grassland forage yield and nutrition by mowing and fertilizing according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 4 and step 5, sprinkler fertilization is used for topdressing.

8. The method for increasing grassland forage yield and nutrition by mowing and fertilizing according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 4 and step 5, the amount of fertilizer applied in the second top dressing is less than that in the first top dressing.

9. The method for increasing grassland forage yield and nutrition by mowing and fertilizing according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step one, step two, step four and step five, the fertilization device includes several self-propelled fertilizer spreaders, a loading chamber is provided on the top of the self-propelled fertilizer spreader, a top cover is detachably connected to the top of the loading chamber, a plurality of discharge ports are provided on the bottom wall of the loading chamber, an electric baffle is slidably connected to the bottom of the discharge port, a plurality of sprayers corresponding to the discharge ports are provided at the bottom of the loading chamber, support rods are provided on both sides of the sprayers, a motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support rods, a wheel is coaxially connected to the motor output shaft, and the self-propelled fertilizer spreader signal is connected to a controller.

10. The method for increasing grassland forage yield and nutrition by mowing and fertilizing according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 1, step 2, step 4 and step 5, an alarm device is provided inside the self-propelled fertilizer spreader.

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