Cleaning tool for narrow inner cavity of semi-closed spherical shell type casting and using method

Abstract

The invention relates to a cleaning tool for a narrow inner cavity of a semi-closed spherical shell type casting and a using method. The cleaning tool comprises a handle, a clamping rod, a gear transmission mechanism, a cover plate, a protective cover plate, a bottom plate, a hard alloy grinding head and an elastic check ring for a shaft. The characteristic that a gear transmission mechanism can change the axial movement direction is ingeniously utilized, so that the hard alloy grinding head can efficiently clean and trim the root position of a middle column of a product, and the problems that when a simple flexible cutting tool is used for treating a narrow inner cavity space structure, structural interference is caused, and the labor intensity of an operator is large are solved; and a solution and a thought are provided for cleaning the inner cavity of the product with the complex special-shaped curved surface structure, and good application and popularization value is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a cleaning tool and a using method for a narrow inner cavity of a semi - enclosed spherical shell - type casting, belonging to the technical field of post - treatment of castings. Background Art

[0002] The investment casting technology has many advantages such as low manufacturing cost, high dimensional accuracy, and low surface roughness, so it is widely used in the production and manufacturing process of parts in the aerospace field. A certain semi - enclosed spherical shell - type casting is an investment casting, with the material being S - 08 steel. It consists of an inlet flange, an outlet flange, a spherical shell, and a middle column. Both the inner and outer surfaces are spherical. The horizontal distance from the outside of the middle column to the inner edge of the circular hole of the inlet flange is less than 10 mm, and the inner cavity structure is very narrow.

[0003] During the processes of wax pattern shell making and shell roasting, due to the narrow inner cavity space structure of the product, there may be a problem of insufficient shell strength, which causes foreign objects to appear at the root of the middle column of the product when the molten metal impacts the shell during melting and pouring. Therefore, it is necessary to polish the position with foreign objects smoothly. However, because the inner cavity space structure of this product is very narrow, in the actual production process, only a simple scraping tool can be inserted from the inner hole of the outlet flange to the root of the middle column for foreign object treatment. Due to the interference of the spatial structure between the simple scraping tool and the part to be cleaned, the treatment angle is limited, and it is impossible to efficiently clean the root of the middle column, reducing production efficiency. The labor intensity of on - site operators is relatively large, and the trimming and cleaning difficulty is also relatively large. Therefore, it is urgent to study the post - treatment technology of this product, and a cleaning tool for the narrow inner cavity of semi - enclosed spherical shell - type castings is needed to solve this production process problem to meet the needs of the current production task. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art, a cleaning tool and a using method for a narrow inner cavity of a semi - enclosed spherical shell - type casting are proposed, solving the problem that it is impossible to efficiently clean the narrow inner cavity of a semi - enclosed spherical shell - type casting with a simple scraping treatment tool.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a cleaning tool for a narrow inner cavity of a semi - enclosed spherical shell - type casting, including a handle, a clamping rod, a gear transmission mechanism, a cover plate, a protective cover plate, a bottom plate, a cemented carbide grinding head, and a shaft - type elastic retaining ring; wherein,

[0006] The handle is connected to the cover plate through the method of welding metallurgical bonding, and is used for being tightly held by both hands when using the inner cavity cleaning tooling to ensure the stability during the use of the inner cavity cleaning tooling; the clamping rod is connected to the rechargeable electric drill through an internal metal chuck to provide power for the inner cavity cleaning tooling; the clamping rod transmits the power to the gear transmission mechanism, and further provides power for the hard alloy grinding head to clean the inner cavity; the cover plate and the protective cover plate are respectively connected to the bottom plate through the method of welding metallurgical bonding, and the cover plate and the protective cover plate can respectively perform spatial limiting and positioning fixation on the driving wheel and the driven wheel; the hard alloy grinding head is connected to the bottom plate through a threaded connection method; the clamping rod and the bottom plate are connected through a mechanical assembly method; the shaft circlip and the clamping rod are connected through a mechanical assembly method to fix the axial movement of the clamping rod component and improve the stability during the working process of the inner cavity cleaning tooling.

[0007] The gear transmission mechanism includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the material is 45 steel, and the tooth ratio is 4:1.

[0008] The thickness of the driving wheel is 3 mm, the thickness of the driven wheel is 2.5 mm, the center distance of the gears of the driving wheel and the driven wheel is 25 mm, and the gear module M is 0.5 mm.

[0009] The diameter of the clamping section of the clamping rod is 7 mm, the diameter of the extending section is 8 mm, and the total length is 76.5 mm.

[0010] There is a certain clearance between the driving wheel and the cover plate and the bottom plate, and there is a certain clearance between the driven wheel and the protective cover plate and the bottom plate. The cover plate, the protective cover plate and the bottom plate play a protective role for the gear transmission mechanism and improve the service life of the gears.

[0011] When machining the driven wheel, first machine a round hole with an inner diameter of 2.5 mm on the driven wheel, and then machine an M3 internal thread on the 2.5 mm round hole; when machining the hard alloy grinding head, first machine a chamfer on the upper cylindrical surface of the hard alloy grinding head, then clamp the hard alloy grinding head on a bench vice for fixation, and then extrude the hard alloy grinding head to form an external thread; connect the driven wheel and the hard alloy grinding head to each other through a threaded connection method.

[0012] A method for using the inner cavity cleaning tooling includes:

[0013] 1) Use an endoscope to observe the root of the product middle column, and use a black marker pen to mark the corresponding outlet flange end face at the position where foreign matters exist at the root of the product middle column.

[0014] 2) Place the inner cavity cleaning tooling into the product inner cavity along the inner hole of the outlet flange, ensuring that the bottom plate end face of the inner cavity cleaning tooling is parallel to the middle column end face of the product to be cleaned in the inner cavity; Connect the rechargeable electric drill to the clamping rod, and rotate the cemented carbide grinding head to the position corresponding to the root of the middle column to be cleaned at the marked position on the end face of the outlet flange;

[0015] 3) Turn on the switch of the rechargeable electric drill, hold the handle of the inner cavity cleaning tooling with both hands, and then process the part with foreign matter at the root of the middle column; After processing the part with foreign matter at the root of the middle column, separate the clamping rod from the rechargeable electric drill, then rotate the cemented carbide grinding head of the inner cavity cleaning tooling to the initial placement position, and then take out the inner cavity cleaning tooling from the product inner cavity, and use compressed air to blow off the grinding debris on the surface of the inner cavity cleaning tooling;

[0016] 4) After observing that the foreign matter at the root of the middle column has been removed using the endoscope, use compressed air to blow the product inner cavity to ensure the quality of the product inner cavity; If foreign matter still exists, return to step 1) until the foreign matter at the root of the middle column corresponding to the marked position is removed.

[0017] When rotating the cemented carbide grinding head 208 of the inner cavity cleaning tooling, the rotation direction is right-handed and rotates clockwise during work.

[0018] The rotation direction of the rechargeable electric drill is left-handed and rotates counterclockwise during work.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0020] (1) The present invention provides a semi-closed spherical shell casting narrow inner cavity cleaning tooling and usage method. By using this tooling, the trimming and cleaning problem of the root of the middle column of a certain product is solved, the inner cavity cleaning efficiency of the product is improved, and at the same time, combined with the real-time observation means of the endoscope, it is beneficial to strengthen the quality control of the root of the product middle column.

[0021] (2) The present invention provides a semi-closed spherical shell casting narrow inner cavity cleaning tooling and usage method. It cleverly utilizes the characteristic that the gear transmission mechanism can change the axial movement direction, enabling the cemented carbide grinding head to efficiently clean and trim the root position of the product middle column, solving the structural interference problem and the problem of high labor intensity of the operator when using simple scraping tools to process narrow inner cavity space structures, and also providing a solution and idea for the inner cavity cleaning problem of products with complex special-shaped curved surface structures, having good promotion and application value. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the product structure implemented by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the product cross-section for the implementation of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the spatial position of the internal cavity cleaning tooling in the product for the implementation of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the components of the internal cavity cleaning tooling for the implementation of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the driving wheel and the clamping rod (clamping section and extension section) of the internal cavity cleaning tooling for the implementation of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the driven wheel of the internal cavity cleaning tooling for the implementation of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the handle of the internal cavity cleaning tooling for the implementation of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cover plate of the internal cavity cleaning tooling for the implementation of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the protective cover plate of the internal cavity cleaning tooling for the implementation of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the bottom plate of the internal cavity cleaning tooling for the implementation of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the cemented carbide grinding head of the internal cavity cleaning tooling for the implementation of the present invention. Detailed implementation method

[0033] The present invention provides a semi-closed spherical shell castings narrow internal cavity cleaning tooling and its usage method. The product model structure is as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including an inlet flange, an outlet flange, a spherical shell, a middle column and other parts. According to the characteristics of the internal cavity structure of the product, the design and manufacture of the internal cavity cleaning tooling are carried out. When designing the internal cavity cleaning tooling, it is necessary to fully consider the narrow internal cavity structure and spatial dimensions of the product to avoid structural interference between the internal cavity cleaning tooling and the root of the middle column and the wall surface of the spherical shell of the product. The structure of the internal cavity cleaning tooling is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , and it is composed of a handle 201, a clamping rod 202, a gear transmission mechanism (a driving wheel 203 and a driven wheel 204), a cover plate 205, a protective cover plate 206, a bottom plate 207, a cemented carbide grinding head 208, a shaft retaining ring 209, etc. In addition, a rechargeable electric drill used in cooperation with the clamping rod 202 of the internal cavity cleaning tooling structure is a tool for drilling metal materials, wood, plastics, etc., and has a forward and reverse rotation function. Among them, the driving wheel 203 and the driven wheel 204 are respectively shown inFigure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in Figure 6 , the driving wheel 203 and the driven wheel 204 are made of 45# steel, the tooth number ratio is 4:1, the thickness of the driving wheel 203 is 3 mm, the thickness of the driven wheel 204 is 2.5 mm, the center distance between the gears of the driving wheel 203 and the driven wheel 204 is 25 mm, and the gear module M is 0.5 mm. As Figure 5 shown in Figure 5 , the diameter of the clamping section of the clamping rod 202 is Φ7 mm, the diameter of the extension section is Φ8 mm, and the total length is 76.5 mm. When the inner cavity cleaning tooling is working, the metal chuck of a rechargeable electric drill is used to clamp and fix the clamping section with a diameter of Φ7 mm of the clamping rod 202 to provide power for the inner cavity cleaning tooling to work. In addition, when designing the total length of the clamping rod 202, the total height of the product needs to be fully considered to further ensure the stability and reliability of the inner cavity cleaning tooling during use. The three-dimensional model structure diagram of the handle 201 is as Figure 7 shown in Figure 7 .

[0034] The cover plate 205, the protective cover plate 206, and the bottom plate 207 are respectively shown in Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 shown in Figure 10 . There is a certain clearance between the driving wheel 203 and the cover plate 205, and between the driving wheel 203 and the bottom plate 207. There is a certain clearance between the driven wheel 204 and the protective cover plate 206, and between the driven wheel 204 and the bottom plate 207. The cover plate 205, the protective cover plate 206, and the bottom plate 207 can play a role in space limitation, positioning and fixing, and protection for the gear transmission mechanism (the driving wheel 203 and the driven wheel 204), and can effectively improve the service life of the gear transmission mechanism (the driving wheel 203 and the driven wheel 204).

[0035] As Figure 4 shown in Figure 4 , the handle 201 and the cover plate 205 are connected to each other by the method of welding metallurgical bonding. During the inner cavity cleaning process of the product, through the threaded connection method, the relationship of the helix direction can be fully utilized to tightly connect the driven wheel 204 and the cemented carbide grinding head 208, which can increase the smoothness during the inner cavity cleaning operation. When machining the driven wheel 204, first machine a round hole with an inner diameter of Φ2.5 mm on the driven wheel 204, and use a tap (a tool for machining internal threads) to machine an M3 internal thread on the Φ2.5 mm round hole. According to the difference in the height direction between the end face and the root of the middle column in Product 1, the required length of the cemented carbide grinding head 208 is determined. First, chamfer the upper end face (the end face of the cylinder) of the cemented carbide grinding head 208 to facilitate passing through the inner hole of the die tool smoothly during later processing, then clamp the cemented carbide grinding head 208 on the bench vise for fixing, and then use an M3*0.5 die (a tool for machining external threads) to extrude the cemented carbide grinding head 208 to form an external thread. The driven wheel 204 and the cemented carbide grinding head 208 are connected to each other by the threaded connection method, with a simple structure and convenient use.

[0036] First, use an endoscope to observe the root of the middle column of Product 1, and mark the position of the end face of the outlet flange corresponding to the position where foreign matter exists at the root of the middle column of the product. Tilt the inner cavity cleaning tooling 2 at a certain angle through the circular hole of the product outlet flange and place it into the inner cavity of Product 1, ensuring that the lower end face of the bottom plate 207 of the inner cavity cleaning tooling 2 is flush with the end face of the middle column. When the inner cavity cleaning tooling is working, the schematic diagram of the spatial position of the inner cavity cleaning tooling 2 in Product 1 is as Figure 4 shown. Use the metal chuck of a rechargeable electric drill to clamp and fix the clamping rod 202 of the inner cavity cleaning tooling, and then firmly hold the handle 201 with both hands. Since the rotation direction of the cemented carbide grinding head 208 during inner cavity cleaning is clockwise (right-handed), it is required that the rotation direction of the driven wheel 204 is clockwise (right-handed), and the rotation direction of the driving wheel 203 is counterclockwise (left-handed). Therefore, it is required that the clamping rod 202 and the rechargeable electric drill rotate counterclockwise (left-handed). The rechargeable electric drill has a two-way rotation function of forward and reverse rotation, which can meet the rotation direction requirements of the inner cavity cleaning tooling. At the same time, the driven wheel 204 and the bottom plate 207 will not have structural interference due to contacting the inner wall of the product spherical shell, so that the position of the root of the middle column with foreign matter can be effectively polished and smoothed, improving the surface quality of the casting and reducing the labor intensity of on-site operators.

[0037] After the inner cavity cleaning operation is completed, use an endoscope to observe the root of the middle column of Product 1. If it is observed that the foreign matter has been removed, first separate the clamping rod 202 from the metal chuck of the rechargeable electric drill, and then rotate the inner cavity cleaning tooling 2 at a certain angle and take it out from the circular hole of the product outlet flange. Finally, use compressed air to blow out the debris inside and on the outer surface of Product 1 to ensure the quality of the inner cavity and the outer surface of the product. If it is observed that the foreign matter has not been removed, continue to use the inner cavity cleaning tooling 2 to clean the root of the middle column in the inner cavity until the foreign matter at the root of the middle column of the product is removed. Finally, use compressed air to blow out the grinding debris on the surface of the inner cavity cleaning tooling

[0038] The above examples are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-enclosed spherical shell casting narrow cavity cleaning tool, characterized in that: It includes a handle, a clamping rod, a gear transmission mechanism, a cover plate, a protective cover plate, a bottom plate, a carbide grinding head and an elastic retaining ring for the shaft; wherein, The handle is connected to the cover plate by welding metallurgical bonding, and is used to hold it tightly with both hands when using the inner cavity cleaning tool to ensure the stability of the inner cavity cleaning tool during use; the clamping rod and the rechargeable hand drill are connected to each other by an internal metal chuck to provide power for the inner cavity cleaning tool; the clamping rod transmits the power to the gear transmission mechanism, and then provides power for the carbide grinding head to clean the inner cavity; the cover plate and the protective cover plate are respectively connected to the base plate by welding metallurgical bonding, and the cover plate and the protective cover plate can respectively limit and position the driving wheel and the driven wheel in space; the carbide grinding head is connected to the base plate by a threaded connection for grinding and smoothing; the clamping rod and the base plate are connected by mechanical assembly; the shaft elastic retaining ring and the clamping rod are connected by mechanical assembly to fix the axial movement of the clamping rod component and improve the stability of the inner cavity cleaning tool during operation.

2. A semi-enclosed spherical shell casting narrow cavity cleaning tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear transmission mechanism includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel, which are made of 45 steel and have a gear ratio of 4:

1.

3. A semi-enclosed spherical shell casting narrow cavity cleaning tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the driving wheel is 3 mm, the thickness of the driven wheel is 2.5 mm, the center distance between the gears of the driving wheel and the driven wheel is 25 mm, and the gear module M is 0.5 mm.

4. A semi-enclosed spherical shell casting narrow cavity cleaning tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the clamping section of the clamping rod is 7 mm, the diameter of the extension section is 8 mm, and the total length is 76.5 mm.

5. A semi-enclosed spherical shell casting narrow cavity cleaning tool as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A certain clearance is maintained between the driving wheel and the cover plate and the bottom plate, and a certain clearance is maintained between the driven wheel and the protective cover plate and the bottom plate. The cover plate, the protective cover plate and the bottom plate protect the gear transmission mechanism and increase the service life of the gear.

6. A semi-enclosed spherical shell casting narrow cavity cleaning tool as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: When processing the driven wheel, first process the driven wheel with a 2.5mm inner diameter round hole, and then process the 2.5mm round hole into an M3 internal thread; when processing the carbide grinding head, first process the cylindrical surface at the upper end of the carbide grinding head to form a chamfer, then clamp the carbide grinding head on a bench vise for fixation, and then extrude the carbide grinding head to form an external thread; the driven wheel and the carbide grinding head are connected to each other by a threaded connection.

7. A method for using the inner cavity cleaning tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: 1) Use an endoscope to observe the root of the center column of the product, and use a black marker to mark the outlet flange end face corresponding to the location where the foreign matter exists at the root of the center column of the product; 2) Place the inner cavity cleaning tool into the inner cavity of the product along the inner hole of the outlet flange, ensuring that the bottom plate end face of the inner cavity cleaning tool is parallel to the middle column end face of the product to be cleaned; connect the rechargeable hand drill and the clamping rod, and rotate the carbide grinding head to the position of the root of the middle column to be cleaned corresponding to the marked position on the end face of the outlet flange; 3) Turn on the rechargeable hand drill, hold the handle of the inner cavity cleaning tool with both hands, and then process the part at the root of the middle column where the foreign matter exists; after processing the part at the root of the middle column where the foreign matter exists, separate the clamping rod from the rechargeable hand drill, and then rotate the carbide grinding head of the inner cavity cleaning tool to the initial placement position, then remove the inner cavity cleaning tool from the inner cavity of the product, and use compressed air to blow away the grinding debris on the surface of the inner cavity cleaning tool; 4) After using an endoscope to observe that the foreign matter at the root of the center column has been removed, use compressed air to blow out the inner cavity of the product to ensure the quality of the inner cavity of the product; if the foreign matter still exists, return to step 1) until the foreign matter at the root of the center column corresponding to the marked position is observed to be removed.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that When the carbide grinding head 208 of the inner cavity cleaning tool is rotated, the rotation direction is right-handed, and it rotates clockwise during operation.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rechargeable hand electric drill has a left-hand rotation direction and rotates counterclockwise during operation.

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