Fermentation device for organic fertilizer and fermentation method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer fermentation, and particularly relates to a fermentation device for organic fertilizer and a fermentation method thereof. The fermentation device comprises a fermentation tank, a spiral stirring rod and a crushing roller are arranged in the fermentation tank. The spiral stirring rod is vertically arranged at the center of the fermentation tank. The crushing roller is symmetrically arranged around the periphery of the spiral stirring rod, and is close to the side wall of the fermentation tank. The crushing roller and the side wall of the fermentation tank cooperate to process materials with large particles. In the application, the spiral stirring rod is arranged at the center of the fermentation tank, and the crushing roller is arranged around the periphery, so that a natural classification phenomenon of material distribution is formed. Small particles and light materials are concentrated in the central area and are uniformly mixed by the spiral stirring rod. Large particle materials are moved to the peripheral area and are subjected to targeted crushing treatment by the crushing roller. The overall efficiency of the equipment is improved, and the problems of material accumulation and dead angle are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of organic fertilizer fermentation technology, specifically relating to an organic fertilizer fermentation device and its fermentation method. Background Technology

[0002] In aerobic fermentation, stirring is one of the key steps to ensure fermentation effectiveness. Stirring effectively breaks up the dense structure inside the fermentation pile, increases air circulation, and provides sufficient oxygen for aerobic microorganisms, thereby promoting their activity and metabolic efficiency. To ensure that the organic fertilizer raw materials are evenly distributed in the fermentation tank and to avoid problems such as localized oxygen deficiency or incomplete fermentation due to uneven stirring, many fermentation devices use anchor-frame agitators to process the fermentation raw materials.

[0003] Anchor-frame mixers excel at solving problems of uneven mixing due to their excellent mixing performance and adaptability. However, this mixing method can also apply excessive shear force or pressure to organic materials, leading to over-crushing or breakage. This physical damage can alter the original morphology and composition of the organic matter, thereby interfering with subsequent biochemical reactions. For example, frequent mixing can result in excessively fine organic particles, which not only reduces the porosity of the pile but may also further inhibit airflow, ultimately affecting the activity efficiency of aerobic microorganisms.

[0004] Conversely, insufficient shear force or pressure applied to organic materials can lead to poor mixing. In such cases, the materials within the fermentation pile cannot be fully mixed, easily resulting in material agglomeration, localized accumulation, or stratification. Furthermore, anchor-frame agitators often perform poorly in handling these issues. Due to their design characteristics, anchor-frame agitators are primarily suitable for materials of medium viscosity. For already formed agglomerates or severe localized accumulation, their shear force and dispersing ability are relatively limited, making it difficult to effectively break up these dense structures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide an organic fertilizer fermentation device and fermentation method to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the first technical solution of the present invention is an organic fertilizer fermentation device. The fermentation device includes a fermentation tank, and a spiral stirring rod and a crushing roller are arranged inside the fermentation tank. The spiral stirring rod is vertically arranged at the center of the fermentation tank. When the spiral stirring rod is in operation, it can transport the material located at the bottom of the fermentation tank to the top of the fermentation tank, thereby mixing the material in the fermentation tank evenly. The crushing roller is symmetrically arranged around the spiral stirring rod and is close to the side wall of the fermentation tank. The crushing roller and the side wall of the fermentation tank cooperate to process large particles of material.

[0007] Preferably, along the length of the spiral stirring rod, the fermenter has a fermentation chamber and a ventilation chamber, with a mounting plate between the fermentation chamber and the ventilation chamber; all the crushing rollers are rotatably mounted on the mounting plate, and each crushing roller has an air outlet communicating with the ventilation chamber; gas is introduced through the ventilation chamber to all the air outlets, thereby blowing air into the material in the fermentation chamber to ensure stable temperature and humidity of the material in the fermentation chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the crushing roller is a non-circular shaft. Based on the distance from the surface of the crushing roller to the axis of rotation, the crushing roller is divided into a crushing zone and an air outlet zone. The distance from the surface of the air outlet zone to the axis of rotation is less than the distance from the surface of the crushing zone to the axis of rotation. When the crushing roller rotates, the crushing zone of the crushing roller can cooperate with the side wall of the fermentation tank to perform periodic and intermittent processing of materials with large particles.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the second technical solution of the present invention optimizes the fermentation device in the first technical solution. A first gear and a second gear are provided between the spiral stirring rod and the crushing roller. The first gear is connected to the spiral stirring rod, and the second gear is used to control the rotation of the crushing roller. The first gear and the second gear mesh with each other. When the spiral stirring rod rotates, the first gear and the second gear cooperate to drive the crushing roller to rotate.

[0010] Furthermore, a transmission component for controlling the rotation direction of the crushing roller is provided between the second gear and the crushing roller; the transmission component consists of a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, and a third bevel gear, the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear being arranged opposite to each other, and the second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear respectively; under the action of the second bevel gear, the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear rotate in opposite directions; the first bevel gear and the second gear rotate synchronously; when the crushing roller is driven by the first bevel gear, the rotation direction of the crushing roller is opposite to the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod; when the crushing roller is driven by the third bevel gear, the rotation direction of the crushing roller is the same as the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod.

[0011] Furthermore, when the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod is the same as that of the crushing roller, the flowability of the material in the fermentation tank can be accelerated, and the mixing rate of the material in the fermentation tank can be increased; when the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod is opposite to that of the crushing roller, the processing of large particles can be accelerated.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotation axis of the crushing roller, the rotation axis of the first bevel gear, and the rotation axis of the third bevel gear coincide. The crushing roller has a transmission component that passes through the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear. A connecting component is slidably disposed on the transmission component. The connecting component is used to connect the transmission component and the first bevel gear or the transmission component and the third bevel gear, thereby controlling the rotation direction of the crushing roller through the connecting component.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the third technical solution of the present invention is a fermentation method for organic fertilizer, which uses the fermentation device described in the first technical solution and includes the following steps:

[0014] S1. Preparation of organic materials to be fermented;

[0015] S2. Start the spiral stirring rod to stir the material and ensure that the material is evenly distributed in the fermentation tank; at this time, the spiral stirring rod transports the material from the bottom of the fermentation tank upward to promote the mixing of the upper and lower layers of material;

[0016] S3. Start the crushing roller. The non-circular shaft design of the crushing roller allows for periodic and intermittent crushing of larger particles. The part of the crushing zone near the side wall of the fermentation tank works in conjunction with the side wall to effectively crush large particles and improve fermentation efficiency.

[0017] S4. Gas is introduced into the air outlet on the crushing roller through the air vent, and the gas is blown into the material in the fermentation chamber through the air outlet. This process helps to regulate the temperature and humidity of the material in the fermentation chamber and ensure a stable fermentation environment.

[0018] S5. Once fermentation is complete, stop the equipment and discharge the fermented organic fertilizer from the fermentation tank.

[0019] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the fourth technical solution of the present invention is a fermentation method for organic fertilizer, which uses the fermentation device described in the second technical solution and includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Preparation of organic materials to be fermented;

[0021] S2. Start the spiral stirring rod to stir the material and ensure that the material is evenly distributed in the fermentation tank; at this time, the spiral stirring rod transports the material from the bottom of the fermentation tank upward to promote the mixing of the upper and lower layers of material;

[0022] S3. Control the rotation direction of the crushing rollers through the transmission components according to the fermentation requirements;

[0023] S4. By combining the crushing roller with the side wall of the fermentation tank, large particles are effectively crushed, thus improving fermentation efficiency.

[0024] S5. Once fermentation is complete, stop the equipment and discharge the fermented organic fertilizer from the fermentation tank.

[0025] Preferably, when it is necessary to accelerate material mixing: the transmission component is connected to the third bevel gear through the connector, so that the rotation direction of the crushing roller is the same as the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod, thereby enhancing the fluidity of the material and improving the mixing efficiency; when it is necessary to process materials with larger particles: the transmission component is connected to the first bevel gear through the connector, so that the rotation direction of the crushing roller is opposite to the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod, thereby enhancing the crushing effect on large particles.

[0026] The main technical effects of this invention are reflected in the following aspects:

[0027] This invention designs the crushing roller as a non-circular shaft structure, dividing it into a crushing zone and a gas outlet zone. The crushing zone, in conjunction with the sidewall of the fermentation tank, achieves periodic and intermittent crushing of large particles. It fully utilizes the functional differences between different areas during the roller's rotation: the crushing zone near the sidewall periodically compresses large particles, breaking them down into smaller ones; while the gas outlet zone focuses on gas injection, avoiding over-crushing or energy waste caused by continuous operation in traditional crushing devices. In this way, the invention significantly improves the processing efficiency of large particles while ensuring the uniformity of particle size distribution within the fermentation chamber.

[0028] This invention achieves flexible control of the crushing roller's rotation direction through transmission components (a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, and a third bevel gear). When the crushing roller and the spiral stirring rod rotate in the same direction, they work together to accelerate material flow and improve mixing efficiency. When they rotate in opposite directions, they generate a reverse shear force, significantly enhancing the crushing effect on large particles. This bidirectional rotation control mechanism allows the equipment to flexibly adjust its operating mode according to different stages of the fermentation process, meeting the dual requirements of rapid mixing and efficient crushing, thereby optimizing fermentation results and reducing energy consumption.

[0029] This invention creates a natural grading effect in material distribution by placing a spiral stirring rod at the center of the fermentation tank and surrounding it with crushing rollers. Small particles and lightweight materials concentrate in the central area and are uniformly mixed by the spiral stirring rod; larger particles move to the periphery and are selectively crushed by the crushing rollers. This not only improves the overall efficiency of the equipment but also reduces material accumulation and dead zones. Simultaneously, the centrifugal force and friction further enhance this grading effect, ensuring a uniform distribution of materials within the fermentation chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the fermentation apparatus in this invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a half-sectional view of the fermentation device in this invention;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of the intermediate crushing roller;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the fermentation apparatus in this invention;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Structural diagram of the transmission components;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the transmission components;

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Fermentation tank; 11. Fermentation chamber; 12. Ventilation chamber; 13. Mounting plate; 2. Spiral stirring rod; 3. Crushing roller; 31. Vent hole; 32. Crushing zone; 33. Vent zone; 41. First gear; 42. Second gear; 5. Transmission components; 51. First bevel gear; 52. Second bevel gear; 53. Third bevel gear; 54. Transmission component; 55. Connecting component. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to make the technical solution of the present invention easier to understand and master. In the embodiments, it should be understood that the terms "middle," "upper," "lower," "top," "right side," "left end," "above," "back," "center," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, unless otherwise specified in this specific embodiment, the connection or fixing method between components can be achieved by bolt fixing, pin fixing, or pin connection commonly used in the prior art, etc., and therefore will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] See Figure 1This embodiment discloses an organic fertilizer fermentation device, which includes a fermentation tank 1 for containing organic materials to be fermented. The fermentation tank 1 is equipped with a spiral stirring rod 2 and a crushing roller 3. The spiral stirring rod 2 is vertically positioned at the center of the fermentation tank 1. During operation, the spiral stirring rod 2 transports the material from the bottom of the fermentation tank 1 to the top, effectively mixing the material within the fermentation tank 1. As the material rises, smaller particles and lighter materials more easily enter the threaded gaps of the spiral stirring rod 2 and are more effectively pushed upwards. Larger particles or heavier materials, due to their greater mass, are not easily pushed directly by the spiral stirring rod 2 and may tend to remain in the outer area. The crushing roller 3 is symmetrically arranged around the spiral stirring rod 2, close to the side wall of the fermentation tank 1. The crushing roller 3, in cooperation with the side wall of the fermentation tank 1, processes larger particles. The crushing roller 3 is set in the peripheral area of ​​the fermentation tank 1, close to the side wall. When large particles move to the periphery, the crushing roller 3 can perform periodic and intermittent crushing. It makes full use of the natural movement of large particles to the periphery, ensuring that these materials can be processed in a timely manner and avoiding accumulation or affecting the fermentation effect.

[0040] See Figure 2Along the length of the spiral stirring rod 2, the fermentation tank 1 has a fermentation chamber 11 and a ventilation chamber 12, with a mounting plate 13 between the fermentation chamber 11 and the ventilation chamber 12. All the crushing rollers 3 are rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 13, and each crushing roller 3 has an outlet 31 communicating with the ventilation chamber 12. Gas is introduced through the ventilation chamber 12 to all the outlets 31, thereby blowing air into the material in the fermentation chamber 11 to ensure stable temperature and humidity of the material in the fermentation chamber 11. Traditional fermentation devices lack effective means of regulating the temperature and humidity in the fermentation chamber 11. In this embodiment, the fermentation device introduces external gas (such as air or regulated gas) into the fermentation tank 1 by setting the ventilation chamber 12; the gas is evenly blown into the material in the fermentation chamber 11 through the outlets 31 on the crushing rollers 3, ensuring sufficient oxygen supply throughout the fermentation chamber 11. The temperature inside the fermentation chamber 11 can be effectively regulated by controlling the temperature of the introduced gas; for example, in a high-temperature environment, the temperature can be lowered by blowing in cold air; in a low-temperature environment, the temperature can be raised by heating the gas. The humidity level inside the fermentation chamber 11 can be precisely controlled by adjusting the humidity of the introduced gas; for example, when the humidity is too high, dry air can be blown in to lower it; when the humidity is too low, humidified air can be blown in to increase it. While the spiral stirring rod 2 agitates the material, the non-circular shaft design of the crushing roller 3 causes it to periodically approach the side wall of the fermenter 1, forming a dynamic crushing zone. During this process, the air outlet 31 on the crushing roller 3 continuously blows gas into the fermentation chamber 11, ensuring that the material is always well-ventilated during agitation. This design not only improves the uniformity of oxygen supply but also avoids the localized oxygen deficiency problem caused by insufficient agitation in traditional devices.

[0041] See Figure 3The crushing roller 3 is a non-circular shaft. Based on the distance from its surface to the rotation axis, the crushing roller 3 is divided into a crushing zone 32 and an air outlet zone 33. The distance from the surface of the air outlet zone 33 to the rotation axis is less than the distance from the surface of the crushing zone 32 to the rotation axis. The crushing zone 32 is the part of the crushing roller 3 farther from the rotation axis, and its surface has a smaller gap with the side wall of the fermentation tank 1. The air outlet zone 33 is the part of the crushing roller 3 closer to the rotation axis, and its surface has a larger gap with the side wall of the fermentation tank 1. When the crushing roller 3 rotates, the crushing zone 32 of the crushing roller 3 can cooperate with the side wall of the fermentation tank 1 to periodically and intermittently process materials with large particles. Traditional crushing components mostly adopt a cylindrical design, which cannot achieve periodic and intermittent crushing. In this embodiment, the fermentation device employs a non-circular shaft design, dividing the crushing roller 3 into a crushing zone 32 and an air outlet zone 33, enhancing its ability to specifically process large particles. The crushing zone 32, in conjunction with the side wall of the fermentation tank 1, forms a dynamic crushing area, effectively preventing material accumulation and dead zones. The spatial distribution of the crushing zone 32 and the air outlet zone 33 separates their functions: the crushing zone 32 is responsible for crushing materials, while the air outlet zone 33 focuses on ventilation; this avoids the possibility of the air outlet 31 being used for material crushing, thereby reducing the probability of blockage. During the rotation of the crushing roller 3, the crushing zone 32 periodically squeezes and shears the material near the side wall. This dynamic movement helps to push away materials that may approach the air outlet zone 33; simultaneously, the gas blown out from the air outlet 31 also has a certain flushing effect, further preventing material from adhering to or clogging the air outlet 31.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] See Figure 1 , Figure 4 This embodiment discloses an organic fertilizer fermentation device, specifically optimizing the rotation of the spiral stirring rod 2 and the crushing roller 3 in the fermentation device of Embodiment 1, as follows: A first gear 41 and a second gear 42 are provided between the spiral stirring rod 2 and the crushing roller 3. The first gear 41 is connected to the spiral stirring rod 2, and the second gear 42 is rotatably mounted on the fermentation tank 1. The second gear 42 is used to control the rotation of the crushing roller 3, and the first gear 41 and the second gear 42 mesh with each other; when the spiral stirring rod 2 rotates, the first gear 41 and the second gear 42 cooperate to drive the crushing roller 3 to rotate.

[0044] See Figure 5A transmission component 5 for controlling the rotation direction of the crushing roller 3 is provided between the second gear 42 and the crushing roller 3. The transmission component 5 consists of a first bevel gear 51, a second bevel gear 52, and a third bevel gear 53. The first bevel gear 51 and the third bevel gear 53 are arranged opposite to each other, and the second bevel gear 52 meshes with the first bevel gear 51 and the third bevel gear 53 respectively. Under the action of the second bevel gear 52, the first bevel gear 51 and the third bevel gear 53 rotate in opposite directions. The first bevel gear 51 and the second gear 42 rotate synchronously. The second bevel gear 52 and the third bevel gear 53 are both rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 13. When the crushing roller 3 is driven by the first bevel gear 51, the rotation direction of the crushing roller 3 is opposite to the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod 2. When the crushing roller 3 is driven by the third bevel gear 53, the rotation direction of the crushing roller 3 is the same as the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod 2. When the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod 2 is the same as that of the crushing roller 3, it can accelerate the flowability of the material in the fermentation tank 1 and increase the mixing rate of the material in the fermentation tank 1. When the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod 2 is opposite to that of the crushing roller 3, it can accelerate the processing of large particles. The rotation direction of traditional crushing devices is fixed, making it difficult to meet the different needs of material mixing and crushing. This invention realizes the flexible adjustment of the rotation direction of the crushing roller 3 through the transmission components 5 (first bevel gear 51, second bevel gear 52 and third bevel gear 53). When the crushing roller 3 and the spiral stirring rod 2 rotate in the same direction, the material mixing rate is increased; when they rotate in opposite directions, the crushing effect on large particles is enhanced. The synergistic effect of the spiral stirring rod 2 and the crushing roller 3 significantly improves the mixing uniformity of the material and avoids the problems of local hypoxia or insufficient fermentation.

[0045] See Figure 6 The rotation axes of the crushing roller 3, the first bevel gear 51, and the third bevel gear 53 coincide, ensuring the compactness and consistency of the entire transmission system. The crushing roller 3 has a transmission component 54 that passes through the first bevel gear 51 and the third bevel gear 53, transmitting power. A connecting component 55 is slidably mounted on the transmission component 54, connecting the transmission component 54 to the first bevel gear 51 or the transmission component 54 to the third bevel gear 53, thereby controlling the rotation direction of the crushing roller 3.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A method for fermenting organic fertilizer, using the fermentation apparatus described in Example 1, includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Put the organic materials to be fermented (such as kitchen waste, agricultural waste, etc.) into fermentation tank 1 to ensure that the initial materials are evenly distributed.

[0049] S2. Start the spiral stirring rod 2 to stir the material and ensure that the material is evenly distributed in the fermentation tank 1. At this time, the spiral stirring rod 2 transports the material from the bottom of the fermentation tank 1 upwards, promoting the mixing of the upper and lower layers of material. The stirring action of the spiral stirring rod 2 can break the dense structure of the material and increase air circulation.

[0050] S3. Start the crushing roller 3. The non-circular shaft design of the crushing roller 3 is used to periodically and intermittently crush the larger particles of material. The part of the crushing zone 32 near the side wall of the fermentation tank 1 cooperates with the side wall to effectively crush large particles and improve fermentation efficiency.

[0051] S4. Gas is introduced into the air outlet 31 on the crushing roller 3 through the air outlet 12. The gas is blown into the material in the fermentation chamber 11 through the air outlet 31. This process helps to regulate the temperature and humidity of the material in the fermentation chamber 11 and ensures a stable fermentation environment.

[0052] S5. After fermentation is complete, stop the equipment and discharge the fermented organic fertilizer from fermentation tank 1.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] A method for fermenting organic fertilizer, using the fermentation apparatus described in Example 2, includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Put the organic materials to be fermented (such as kitchen waste, agricultural waste, etc.) into fermentation tank 1 to ensure that the initial materials are evenly distributed.

[0056] S2. Start the spiral stirring rod 2 to stir the material and ensure that the material is evenly distributed in the fermentation tank 1. At this time, the spiral stirring rod 2 transports the material from the bottom of the fermentation tank 1 upwards, promoting the mixing of the upper and lower layers of material. The stirring action of the spiral stirring rod 2 can break the dense structure of the material and increase air circulation.

[0057] S3. According to the fermentation requirements, the rotation direction of the crushing roller 3 is controlled by the transmission component 5:

[0058] When it is necessary to speed up material mixing: the transmission component 54 is connected to the third bevel gear 53 through the connector 55, so that the rotation direction of the crushing roller 3 is the same as the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod 2, thereby enhancing the fluidity of the material and improving the mixing efficiency;

[0059] When processing materials with larger particles: the transmission component 54 is connected to the first bevel gear 51 through the connecting component, so that the rotation direction of the crushing roller 3 is opposite to the rotation direction of the spiral stirring rod 2, thereby enhancing the crushing effect on large particles.

[0060] S4. By cooperating with the crushing roller 3 and the side wall of the fermentation tank 1, large particles of material are effectively crushed, and fermentation efficiency is improved.

[0061] S5. After fermentation is complete, stop the equipment and discharge the fermented organic fertilizer from fermentation tank 1.

[0062] Furthermore, as is common knowledge in this industry, the spiral stirring rod 2 and crushing roller 3 mentioned above, which are not circular rollers, can specifically be camshafts and eccentric shafts. Since this is common knowledge, their principles and structures will not be elaborated upon further.

[0063] Of course, the above are just typical examples of the present invention. In addition, the present invention may have many other specific embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fermentation device of organic manure, characterized by, The fermentation device comprises a fermentation tank, a spiral stirring rod and a crushing roller are arranged in the fermentation tank; the spiral stirring rod is vertically arranged at the center of the fermentation tank; when the spiral stirring rod works, it can transport the material at the bottom end of the fermentation tank to the top end of the fermentation tank, and plays a role of uniformly mixing the material in the fermentation tank; the crushing roller is symmetrically arranged around the periphery of the spiral stirring rod, and is close to the side wall of the fermentation tank; the crushing roller and the side wall of the fermentation tank cooperate to process the material with large particles; The crushing roller is a non-circular shaft, and according to the distance from the surface of the crushing roller to the rotating axis, the crushing roller is divided into a crushing area and an air outlet area, the distance from the surface of the air outlet area to the rotating axis is less than the distance from the surface of the crushing area to the rotating axis; when the crushing roller rotates, the crushing area of the crushing roller can cooperate with the side wall of the fermentation tank to periodically and intermittently process the material with large particles; The first gear and the second gear are arranged between the spiral stirring rod and the crushing roller, the first gear is connected with the spiral stirring rod, the second gear is used for controlling the rotation of the crushing roller, and the first gear and the second gear are engaged; when the spiral stirring rod rotates, the first gear and the second gear cooperate to drive the crushing roller to rotate; The second gear and the crushing roller are provided with a transmission component for controlling the turning of the crushing roller; the transmission component is composed of a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a third bevel gear, the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear are oppositely arranged, and the second bevel gear is engaged with the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear respectively; under the action of the second bevel gear, the rotating directions of the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear are opposite; the first bevel gear and the second gear rotate synchronously; When the crushing roller is driven by the first bevel gear, the rotating direction of the crushing roller is opposite to the rotating direction of the spiral stirring rod; when the crushing roller is driven by the third bevel gear, the rotating direction of the crushing roller is the same as the rotating direction of the spiral stirring rod; When the rotating direction of the spiral stirring rod is the same as the rotating direction of the crushing roller, the flowability of the material in the fermentation tank can be accelerated, and the mixing rate of the material in the fermentation tank can be improved; when the rotating direction of the spiral stirring rod is opposite to the rotating direction of the crushing roller, the material with large particles can be processed.

2. The fermentation device according to claim 1, wherein: In the length direction of the spiral stirring rod, the fermentation tank has a fermentation cavity and a ventilation cavity, and the fermentation cavity and the ventilation cavity have a mounting plate therebetween; All the crushing rollers are rotatably arranged on the mounting plate, and the crushing rollers have air outlet holes communicated with the ventilation cavity; Gas is introduced into all the air outlet holes through the ventilation cavity, so that the material in the fermentation cavity is blown, to ensure that the temperature and humidity of the material in the fermentation cavity are stable.

3. The fermentation device according to claim 1, wherein: The rotation axis of the crushing roller, the rotation axis of the first bevel gear and the rotation axis of the third bevel gear coincide, the crushing roller has a transmission member, the transmission member passes through the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear, a connecting member is arranged on the transmission member in sliding mode, the connecting member is used for connecting the transmission member and the first bevel gear or the transmission member and the third bevel gear, and the rotation direction of the crushing roller is controlled through the connecting member.

4. A fermentation method of organic manure using the fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing the organic material to be fermented; S2, starting the spiral stirring rod to stir the material, so that the material is uniformly distributed in the fermentation tank; at this time, the spiral stirring rod transports the material upward from the bottom of the fermentation tank, promoting the mixing of the upper and lower layers of material; S3, starting the crushing roller to periodically and intermittently crush the material with large particles through the non-circular shaft design of the crushing roller; the part of the crushing zone close to the side wall of the fermentation tank cooperates with the side wall to effectively crush the large-particle material, improving the fermentation efficiency; S4, using the air passage to introduce gas into the air outlet hole on the crushing roller, and the gas is blown into the material in the fermentation cavity through the air outlet hole; this process helps to adjust the temperature and humidity of the material in the fermentation cavity, ensuring a stable fermentation environment; S5, after the fermentation is completed, stop the equipment operation, and discharge the fermented organic fertilizer from the fermentation tank.

5. A fermentation method of organic manure using the fermentation device according to claim 3, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing the organic material to be fermented; S2, starting the spiral stirring rod to stir the material, so that the material is uniformly distributed in the fermentation tank; at this time, the spiral stirring rod transports the material upward from the bottom of the fermentation tank, promoting the mixing of the upper and lower layers of material; S3, controlling the rotation direction of the crushing roller through the transmission component according to the fermentation requirement; S4, effectively crushing the large-particle material through the cooperation of the crushing roller and the side wall of the fermentation tank, improving the fermentation efficiency; S5, after the fermentation is completed, stop the equipment operation, and discharge the fermented organic fertilizer from the fermentation tank.

6. The fermentation process of claim 5, wherein, In step S3: When it is needed to accelerate the mixing of the material: connect the transmission member and the third bevel gear through the connecting member, so that the rotation direction of the crushing roller is the same as that of the spiral stirring rod, thereby enhancing the flowability of the material and improving the mixing efficiency; When it is needed to process the material with large particles: connect the transmission member and the first bevel gear through the connecting member, so that the rotation direction of the crushing roller is opposite to that of the spiral stirring rod, thereby enhancing the crushing effect on the large-particle material.

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