Black water treatment and resource utilization device for retail households

Abstract

The utility model discloses a scattered household black water treatment and resource utilization device which comprises an anaerobic fermentation tank, an aerobic nitrification tank, a denitrification nitrogen removal tank, a biological aerated filter, a cascade artificial wetland and a water storage tank which are sequentially communicated, a discharging device for discharging biological fertilizer is arranged on one side of the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and a water outlet higher than the discharging device is formed in one side of the anaerobic fermentation tank. According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, germs, parasitic ova and the like are killed through anaerobic fermentation, meanwhile, high-quality organic fertilizer can be generated, then the technologies of aerobiotic treatment, anoxic treatment, biofilter treatment, constructed wetland treatment and the like are combined, pollutants in black water are further degraded, the quality of effluent water is improved, and the effluent water is reused for irrigation of vegetable fields, farmlands, forest lands and the like. And the organic fertilizer is recycled to the farmland to improve the soil fertility, so that the effective treatment and resource cyclic utilization of the black water of the scattered households are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the sewage treatment technical field, concretely is a kind of individual black water treatment and resource utilization device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rural toilet can produce a large amount of fecal sewage when using, cause water resource waste, and rural fecal sewage treatment and resource utilization are the most important of ecological environmental protection.

[0003] At present, the three-grid septic tank is commonly used in rural individual households to treat fecal sewage in China, and the design purpose of this process is to reduce the pollution of waste water and excrement to the environment, save water resources, and convert the harmless excrement after treatment into high-quality fertilizer to realize resource recycling. Although the three-grid septic tank has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, its treatment effect is limited, it is difficult to meet the discharge standard, it is easy to cause pollution to the surrounding water body, and it has the problems of easy blockage and aging, difficult management and maintenance. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The utility model aims at: in order to solve the problem proposed above, provide a kind of individual black water treatment and resource utilization device.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: an individual black water treatment and resource utilization device, comprising an anaerobic fermentation tank, an aerobic nitrification tank, a denitrification tank, a biological aerated filter, a cascade artificial wetland and a water storage tank connected in sequence, wherein the anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with a stirring device for stirring black water, and a discharge device for discharging biological fertilizer is arranged on one side of the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with a water outlet higher than the discharge device on one side, and a baffling water inlet channel is arranged between the water outlet and the aerobic nitrification tank, the aerobic nitrification tank is internally provided with a suspended microbial carrier filler, an aeration disc and a grid bottom support from top to bottom in sequence, and the aeration disc is a plurality of and is arranged at intervals at the bottom of the aerobic nitrification tank.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the aerobic nitrification tank is provided with an outlet pipe extending into the denitrification tank, and a sludge discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the bottom of the denitrification tank, and a water inlet hole is arranged above the denitrification tank and communicated with the biological aerated filter.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the biological aerated filter is internally provided with a modular honeycomb filter, a bottom support and a plurality of second aeration discs from top to bottom, and the side surface of the biological aerated filter is provided with an overflow port communicated with the cascade artificial wetland.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the cascade constructed wetland comprises a first wetland, a second wetland and a third wetland arranged in cascade, and the first wetland, the second wetland and the third wetland are planted with wetland plants.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the first wetland, the second wetland and the third wetland are respectively provided with first filter fillings, second filter fillings and third filter fillings, and the particle sizes of the first filter fillings, the second filter fillings and the third filter fillings are arranged in descending order.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the high and low parts of the water storage pool are respectively provided with a drainage port and an emergency drainage port, and the emergency drainage port is provided with an adjusting valve.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the stirring device comprises a stirring rod, a mounting frame, a driving gear, a driven gear and a driving member, the lower end of the stirring rod extends into the anaerobic fermentation tank, a plurality of groups of stirring blades are arranged on the stirring rod in a circumferential direction, the mounting frame is arranged on the anaerobic fermentation tank, the stirring rod penetrates through and is rotationally connected to the mounting frame, the driven gear is arranged on the outer side of the stirring rod in a coaxial direction, the driving member is arranged on the mounting frame, the driving gear is arranged on the output end of the driving member, and the driving gear is engaged with the driven gear.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the discharging device comprises a gate and a screw conveyor, the feeding end of the screw conveyor is connected to one side of the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the gate is arranged at the connection between the screw conveyor and the anaerobic fermentation tank.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with a sewage inlet and a detachable cover plate.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the combined sewage treatment process is adopted, part of the suspended solids and organic matters in the black water are removed through the physical sedimentation and microbial degradation of the anaerobic fermentation tank, the subsequent treatment burden is reduced, the nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria in the aerobic tank and the denitrification tank are used for simultaneous denitrification and phosphorus removal, and part of the organic matters are degraded, the adsorption, filtration and microbial membrane degradation of the filter material of the biological aerated filter are used for further degradation of the pollutants in the black water, and finally the black water is purified through the three-stage cascade constructed wetland, so as to further improve the water quality, the treated black water can be used for farmland irrigation and forest irrigation, and the organic fertilizer produced by anaerobic fermentation can be used to improve the farmland and soil fertility, so as to realize effective treatment and resource recycling of the black water of the scattered households. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1The utility model discloses a whole internal structure schematic view.

[0017] Marked in the drawing: 1-anaerobic fermentation tank, 11-into sewage mouth, 12-discharge device, 121-gate, 122-screw conveyor, 13-stirring device, 131-driven gear, 132-driving gear, 133-driving part, 134-mounting frame, 135-stirring rod, 136-stirring blade, 14-cover plate, 15-water outlet, 16-baffling water inlet channel, 2-aerobic nitrification tank, 21-aeration disc, 22-grating bottom support, 23-suspended microbial carrier filler, 24-water outlet pipeline, 3-denitrification tank, 31-sludge discharge pipe, 32-water inlet hole, 4-aeration biological filter tank, 41-second aeration disc, 42-bottom support, 43-module honeycomb filter material, 44-overflow, 5-stage constructed wetland, 51-first stage wetland, 52-second stage wetland, 53-third stage wetland, 54-first filter filler, 55-wetland plant, 56-second filter filler, 57-third filter filler, 6-water storage tank, 61-drainage, 62-emergency discharge, 63-regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the utility model purposes, technical scheme and advantages more clearly, the following is in conjunction with the drawings and examples, and the utility model is further detailed.The specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 A kind of individual black water treatment and resource utilization device, including sequentially communicating anaerobic fermentation tank 1, aerobic nitrification tank 2, denitrification tank 3, aeration biological filter tank 4, stage constructed wetland 5 and water storage tank 6, wherein anaerobic fermentation tank 1 is built-in for the stirring device 13 for stirring black water, anaerobic fermentation tank 1 bottom side is provided with for the discharge device 12 for discharging biological fertilizer, adopt combined sewage treatment process, first pass through anaerobic fermentation tank 1 physical sedimentation and microorganism degradation etc. Remove part of suspended solids and organic matter in black water, reduce subsequent processing burden, then utilize the nitrifying bacteria of aerobic nitrification tank 2 and denitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, phosphorus bacteria etc. Microorganism carries out synchronous denitrification and phosphorus removal, and degrades part of organic matter, then utilizes the adsorption, filtration and microorganism membrane degradation effect of aeration biological filter tank 4 filter material, further degrades the pollutant in black water, finally pass through stage constructed wetland 5 of three stages and purify, further improve water quality, and the black water treated can be used for farmland irrigation, forest irrigation etc., and the organic fertilizer produced by anaerobic fermentation can be used to improve farmland and soil fertility, so that the effective treatment and resource recycling of individual black water are realized, and the treatment device is stable in operation, and maintenance and management are convenient.

[0020] Further, the anaerobic fermentation tank 1 is provided with a water outlet 15 higher than the discharging device 12 on one side, and a baffle water inlet channel 16 is arranged between the water outlet 15 and the aerobic nitrification tank 2. The aerobic nitrification tank 2 (in which aerobic bacteria such as nitrifying bacteria are cultured) is sequentially provided with a suspended microbial carrier filler 23, an aeration disc 21 and a grid bottom support 22 from top to bottom. The aeration disc 21 is arranged in the tank bottom of the aerobic nitrification tank 2 in a plurality of and interval manner. The baffle water inlet channel 16 changes the direction of water flow, so that the sewage forms an orderly and slow flow in the reactor, thereby improving the effect of sewage treatment. The surface of the suspended microbial carrier filler 23 in the aerobic nitrification tank 2 forms a biofilm. The dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in the water body in the tank is increased by aeration, so as to promote the nitrification reaction, remove ammonia nitrogen, and further reduce the organic matter in the black water by the aerobic bacteria.

[0021] Further, the aerobic nitrification tank 2 is provided with an outlet pipe 24 extending into the denitrification tank 3. The denitrification tank 3 (in which anaerobic bacteria such as denitrifying bacteria are cultured) is provided with a sludge discharge pipe 31 at the bottom. An inlet hole 32 is arranged above the denitrification tank 3 and is connected to the biological aerated filter 4. The black water treated by the aerobic nitrification tank 2 flows into the denitrification tank 3 through the outlet pipe 24, and the DO concentration gradually decreases. Under the anoxic environment, the denitrifying bacteria utilize the organic matter in the sewage as an electron donor to reduce nitrate nitrogen, so as to effectively remove nitrogen and partially degrade the organic matter. The deposited dead microorganisms and sludge are collected by the sludge discharge pipe 31 and fermented to produce fertilizer. A manual or electric valve is arranged on the sludge discharge pipe 31.

[0022] Further, the biological aerated filter 4 is sequentially provided with a modular honeycomb filter 43, a bottom support 42 and a plurality of second aeration discs 41 from top to bottom. The biological aerated filter 4 is provided with an overflow port 44 connected to the cascade constructed wetland 5. The water treated by the denitrification tank 3 enters the biological aerated filter 4 through the inlet hole 32, is aerated by the second aeration disc 41, and is further degraded in the black water in terms of suspended solids, organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, etc. by the adsorption, filtration and microbial membrane degradation of the modular honeycomb filter 43. The modular honeycomb filter 43 can be activated carbon or other materials capable of adsorption and filtration. The second aeration disc 41 and the aeration disc 21 are connected to an external air supply device (not shown in the figure, such as a fan) through a pipeline, so as to realize aeration operation.

[0023] Further, the cascade constructed wetland 5 comprises a first-stage wetland 51, a second-stage wetland 52 and a third-stage wetland 53 arranged in cascade, the first-stage wetland 51, the second-stage wetland 52 and the third-stage wetland 53 are planted with wetland plants 55, the first-stage wetland 51, the second-stage wetland 52 and the third-stage wetland 53 are respectively provided with first filter fillers 54, second filter fillers 56 and third filter fillers 57, the particle sizes of the first filter fillers 54, the second filter fillers 56 and the third filter fillers 57 are arranged in order from large to small, the incoming water gradually flows through the first-stage wetland 51, the second-stage wetland 52 and the third-stage wetland 53, the suspended solids and insoluble organic matters in the water are filtered, precipitated and adsorbed by the wetland fillers, and the organic matters in the sewage are decomposed by microorganisms, plants and the like, and the nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water are absorbed, so as to further remove the pollutants in the water, and realize deep purification of the sewage. The first filter fillers 54 are preferably limestone with a particle size of 80-100 mm, the second filter fillers 56 are preferably zeolite with a particle size of 60-80 mm, the third filter fillers 57 are preferably limestone with a particle size of 40-60 mm, and the wetland plants 55 can be cattails, calamus, iris or other wetland plants.

[0024] Further, the water storage pool 6 is provided with a drainage port 61 at a high position and an emergency drainage port 62 at a low position, the emergency drainage port 62 is provided with an adjusting valve 63, the water filtered by the cascade constructed wetland 5 flows into the water storage pool 6 by itself, the water storage pool 6 has a certain sponge effect and can store a certain amount of water, when used as emergency water, the adjusting valve 63 is opened, and the water is discharged from the emergency drainage port 62 for use, when the water storage pool 6 is full of water, the water is discharged from the water outlet 61 for irrigation of farmland, vegetable land and the like, wherein the adjusting valve 63 is a manual valve or an electric valve.

[0025] Further, the anaerobic fermentation tank 1 is provided with a sewage inlet 11 and a detachable cover plate 14, the black water to be treated can be discharged into the anaerobic fermentation tank 1 through the sewage inlet 11, wherein the sewage inlet 11 is provided with a manual or electric valve.

[0026] Further, the stirring device 13 comprises a stirring rod 135, a mounting frame 134, a driving gear 132, a driven gear 131 and a driving member 133, the lower end of the stirring rod 135 extends into the anaerobic fermentation tank 1, a plurality of groups of stirring blades 136 are arranged on the stirring rod 135 in a circumferential direction, the mounting frame 134 is erected on the anaerobic fermentation tank 1, the stirring rod 135 penetrates and is rotationally connected to the mounting frame 134, the driven gear 131 is arranged on the outer side of the stirring rod 135 in a coaxial direction, the driving member 133 is arranged on the mounting frame 134, the driving gear 132 is arranged on the output end of the driving member 133, and the driving gear 132 is engaged with the driven gear 131, the driving gear 132 is driven to rotate by the driving member 133 at regular time intervals, the driving gear 132 drives the driven gear 131 to rotate, so that the stirring rod 135 and the stirring blades 136 rotate, the excrement and other sediments are stirred to be more uniformly mixed, and the anaerobic fermentation manure production effect is improved. The driving member 133 adopts a motor or a hand crank, and manual or electric stirring can be selected according to the use scene.

[0027] Further, the discharging device 12 comprises a gate 121 and a screw conveyor 122, the feeding end of the screw conveyor 122 is connected to one side of the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank 1, the gate 121 is arranged at the connection position of the screw conveyor 122 and the anaerobic fermentation tank 1, the bio-organic fertilizer produced by anaerobic fermentation can be discharged through the screw conveyor 122, and the gate 121 can avoid the leakage problem of the anaerobic fermentation tank 1. The gate 121 adopts a manual or electric gate, the power source of the screw conveyor 122 comes from a driving motor or a hand crank, the helical propeller in the screw conveyor 122 can be driven to rotate by the driving motor or the hand crank, so that the rapid discharging operation is realized, the screw conveyor 122 is a commonly used device, and the specific structure is not described here.

[0028] In addition, the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank 1 is provided with a downwardly inclined flow guide slope surface towards the screw conveyor 122, so that the discharging effect of the organic bio-fertilizer can be ensured, and the composting problem is not prone to occur, and the slope of the flow guide slope surface is 3°-8°.

[0029] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for treating and resource utilization of black water of individual, characterized in that, The device comprises sequentially connected anaerobic fermentation tank, aerobic nitrification tank, denitrification tank, biological aerated filter, cascade constructed wetland and water storage tank.

2. A device for treating and resource utilization of black water of individual users according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with water outlet higher than the discharge device, and the water outlet is provided with baffle water inlet channel between the aerobic nitrification tank.

3. A device for treating and resource utilization of black water of individual users according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aerobic nitrification tank is provided with water outlet pipeline extending into the denitrification tank, and the denitrification tank is provided with sludge discharge pipe at the bottom.

4. The device for treating and resource utilization of black water of individual user according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The biological aerated filter is provided with modular honeycomb filter, bottom support and multiple second aeration discs from top to bottom, and is provided with overflow port connected with the cascade constructed wetland.

5. A device for treating and resource utilization of black water of individual users according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cascade constructed wetland comprises cascade arranged first wetland, second wetland and third wetland, and the first wetland, second wetland and third wetland are planted with wetland plants.

6. A device for treating and resource utilization of black water of individual users according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first wetland, second wetland and third wetland are provided with first filter filler, second filter filler and third filter filler respectively, and the particle size of the first filter filler, second filter filler and third filter filler is arranged from large to small.

7. A device for treating and resource utilization of black water of individual users according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water storage tank is provided with drainage port and emergency discharge port at high and low positions respectively, and the emergency discharge port is provided with regulating valve.

8. A device for treating and resource utilization of black water of individual users according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring device comprises stirring rod, mounting frame, driving gear, driven gear and driving part, the lower end of the stirring rod extends into the anaerobic fermentation tank, a plurality of groups of stirring blades are arranged on the stirring rod, the mounting frame is arranged on the anaerobic fermentation tank, the stirring rod penetrates and rotates and connects with the mounting frame, the driven gear is arranged on the outer side of the stirring rod in coaxial direction, the driving part is arranged on the mounting frame, the driving gear is arranged on the output end of the driving part, and the driving gear is engaged with the driven gear.

9. A device for treating and resource utilization of black water of individual users according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge device comprises gate and screw conveyor, the feeding end of the screw conveyor is connected with one side of the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the gate is arranged at the communication position of the screw conveyor and the anaerobic fermentation tank.

10. A device for treating and resource utilization of black water of individual users according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with sewage inlet and detachable cover plate.

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