Emulsified porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive preparation system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of emulsion explosives, in particular to a preparation system and method of an emulsified porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive. The invention relates to a preparation system of an emulsified porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, which comprises ammonium nitrate conveying equipment, ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixing equipment, a double-shaft mixer, a wood flour / adhesive mixing screw and packaging equipment, the dredging mechanism comprises a flattening assembly arranged behind the ammonium nitrate conveying equipment and a dredging assembly arranged behind the flattening assembly, and the flattening assembly flattens ammonium nitrate particles to assist the dredging assembly in dredging the ammonium nitrate particles; the adsorption mechanism is arranged behind the dredging mechanism and comprises a mixing assembly arranged behind the flattening assembly, a soaking assembly arranged behind the first mixing assembly and an adsorption assembly arranged behind the soaking assembly; the filtering mechanism is arranged below the adsorption mechanism and is used for filtering the oil liquid used in the adsorption assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of emulsion explosives, and particularly to a preparation system and method for emulsified porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive. Background Art

[0002] Ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is a new type of ammonium nitrate explosive. Due to its outstanding advantages such as rich raw materials, simple processing, low cost, and safe use, it has been quickly and widely promoted and replaced nitroglycerin explosive and ammonium antimony explosive in large-scale blasting. With the application of porous granular ammonium nitrate, the development of effective filling methods, the improvement of initiation methods, and the determination of the optimal mixing ratio, ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive has been more and more widely used in underground blasting and mining.

[0003] The physical and chemical properties of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive largely depend on the properties of ammonium nitrate. Therefore, the physical and chemical properties of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive are close to those of ammonium nitrate explosive in many aspects. Ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive has obvious hygroscopicity and caking property, and powdery ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive also has poor performance of component separation.

[0004] Different varieties of ammonium nitrate can be used to produce different types of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive. Among them, porous granular ammonium nitrate has better performance than other ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives due to its higher oil absorption capacity, good flowability, lower hygroscopic caking property, and good storage stability. Therefore, porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is the most commonly produced and used ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive at present.

[0005] The patent document with the patent number CN1562916A discloses a production process method and equipment for emulsion explosives. By improving the existing cooling and sensitizing process and adopting an atomization method, the cooling and sensitizing processes are mixed; this process is realized through a cooling tower. A sensitizer sprayer is provided downward in the center of the top of the cooling tower, a matrix cooling spray gun is provided upward in the center of the aggregate collector, and the discharge port is provided at the bottom of the tower.

[0006] However, in the actual use process, in the oil mixing process, the adsorption of ammonium nitrate particles to the base oil is not thorough, which will affect the quality of the finished explosive. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art. By setting a dredging mechanism and an adsorption mechanism, the voids inside the ammonium nitrate particles are dredged, and through two-stage adsorption steps, the adsorption rate of the particles is improved, thereby solving the technical problem of low adsorption rate of ammonium nitrate particles.

[0008] For the above technical problems, the following technical solutions are adopted: A preparation system for emulsified porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, comprising an ammonium nitrate conveying device, an ammonium oil mixing device, a double-shaft mixer, a wood powder / viscous agent mixing screw, and a packaging device. The ammonium oil mixing device includes: Scouring mechanism, the scouring mechanism includes a leveling component arranged behind the ammonium nitrate conveying equipment and a scouring component arranged behind the leveling component. The leveling component levels the ammonium nitrate particles to assist the scouring component in completing the scouring of the ammonium nitrate particles; Adsorption mechanism, the adsorption mechanism is arranged behind the scouring mechanism, including a mixing component arranged behind the leveling component, a wetting component arranged behind the first mixing component, and an adsorption component arranged behind the immersion component. The mixing component preliminarily mixes the ammonium nitrate particles with the base oil and promotes the base oil to fully penetrate into the ammonium nitrate particles through the wetting component, and then inputs them into the adsorption component for thorough adsorption of the base oil; The wetting component includes a centrifugal part that makes the base oil fully wet by using centrifugal force and an auxiliary part arranged inside the centrifugal part to assist the centrifugal part in using negative pressure for the flow of the base oil; The adsorption component includes a flow part that realizes the complete adsorption of oil by ammonium nitrate particles, a docking part arranged in front of the flow part, and a drying control part arranged behind the flow part; Filtering mechanism, the filtering mechanism is arranged below the adsorption mechanism and is used for filtering the oil used in the adsorption component.

[0009] Preferably, the leveling component includes a mesh conveyor belt for conveying ammonium nitrate particles, a feeding port arranged above the mesh conveyor belt, a spiral rotating shaft arranged below the feeding port and controlled to rotate by a motor, and a clamping plate arranged behind the feeding port and controlled by a motor.

[0010] Preferably, the scouring component is arranged on the mesh conveyor belt, including a negative pressure device arranged below the mesh conveyor belt, multiple air outlets arranged above the negative pressure device and the mesh conveyor belt, the negative pressure device communicating with the air outlets, a dust collector arranged between the negative pressure device and the air outlets, and multiple turntables driven by a motor and arranged between each group of air outlets. Preferably, the mixing component includes a feeding screw arranged behind the mesh conveyor belt and a first nozzle arranged inside the feeding screw; The centrifugal part is arranged behind the feeding screw, including a material distribution pipe, a wetting frame rotatably connected to the material distribution pipe, a plurality of bins evenly arranged on the wetting frame, each bin end rotatably connected to a centrifugal chamber by a motor, a plurality of centrifugal pipes arranged on the centrifugal chamber, a plurality of recovery tanks fixedly connected to the wetting frame and located outside each centrifugal chamber, a collection pipe rotatably connected to the recovery tank and respectively communicating with the adjacent centrifugal pipes, a summary chamber fixed on the base, and a recovery pipe rotatably connected to the summary chamber and respectively communicating with each recovery tank. A negative pressure device is arranged at the end of the centrifugal pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the auxiliary part includes a partition plate arranged inside the bin and a material leveling plate rotatably connected to the upper part of the partition plate by a motor drive; It further includes a plurality of moving nozzles arranged at the center of the centrifugal chamber and controlled to move by an electric cylinder, a quick-connect joint provided on the centrifugal chamber through which the spray pipe is connected by a hose, an oil delivery pipe arranged below the centrifugal part and controlled to move up and down by an electric cylinder, and a quick-connect joint matching the centrifugal chamber is provided at the end of the oil delivery pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the flow component includes an adsorption tank arranged behind the infiltration component and containing base oil therein, a rotating frame rotatably connected to the middle of the adsorption tank by a motor, a plurality of rows of pipes rotatably connected to the rotating frame, a plurality of adsorption pipes with openings on the surface and one end open arranged in the rows of pipes, a plurality of closing plates hinged to the open ends of the adsorption pipes, and springs arranged between the outer ends of the closing plates and the adsorption pipes.

[0013] Preferably, the docking component includes a set of pipes arranged in front of the rotating frame and controlled to move horizontally by an electric cylinder, a conveying bin fixed on the adsorption tank and communicating with the material distribution pipe, the set of pipes includes a plurality of through pipes and the through pipes are connected to the inside of the conveying bin through hoses, a baffle rotatably connected to the inside of the conveying bin by a motor, and a blower for jetting air into the conveying bin.

[0014] Preferably, the drying component includes an oil control bin controlled to move by an electric cylinder, a material receiving pipe arranged outside the oil control bin, a paddle driven by a chain arranged at the middle of the bottom of the oil control bin near one side of the material receiving pipe, elastic pieces arranged on both sides of the paddle, step-shaped strainers arranged at both ends of the other side of the bottom of the oil control bin, an output screw arranged at the middle of the step-shaped strainers on both sides and communicating with the double-shaft mixer at the rear, and electric cylinders are arranged below the elastic pieces and the step-shaped strainers for knocking the elastic pieces and the step-shaped strainers.

[0015] Preferably, the filtering mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the adsorption tank and includes an inclined plate arranged below the flow component, a tubular filter screen rotatably connected to the middle of the inclined plate, a sealing groove arranged below the tubular filter screen, a piston arranged in the sealing groove, a one-way valve arranged between the piston and the lower part of the tubular filter screen, openings are arranged at the bottom of the sealing groove and the tops of both sides of the inclined plate, and the two openings are connected by a pipeline.

[0016] More preferably, a preparation method of emulsified porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil is applied to a preparation system of emulsified porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil, and includes processes of quantitative conveying of porous granular ammonium nitrate, configuration and conveying of diesel oil / base oil system, oil mixing, latex conveying, emulsification of ammonium oil mixture, mixing of wood powder / viscous agent, and packaging system, wherein the oil mixing process includes the following steps: Step 1, dredging step: The negative pressure device in the dredging component dredges the paved ammonium nitrate particles, so that the ammonium nitrate particles pass through the negative pressure device, and the pores of the ammonium nitrate particles are dredged by the negative pressure to avoid impurities affecting the subsequent adsorption of base oil; Step 2, a primary adsorption and infiltration step, the dredged ammonium nitrate particles are input into the feeding screw, mixed with the base oil, and adsorbed once, and then input into the centrifuge tube of the infiltration component, and a fixed amount of base oil is sprayed on the upper surface by a moving nozzle, and the centrifugal chamber rotates to cooperate with the negative pressure device on the centrifugal part, so that the base oil flows from one end of the centrifuge tube to the other end and passes through the ammonium nitrate particles in the middle, and the base oil penetrates and infiltrates into the particles; Step three, secondary adsorption, the wetted particles enter the flow part through the docking part, the rotating frame and the drainage pipe of the flow part rotate, the particles are immersed in the oil and quickly taken out, a large amount of oil is thrown off by rotation, and then the particles are input into the oil control part, and the excess oil is separated from the particles through the vibration of the spring piece and the step screen in the oil control part, and the particles are transported to the double-shaft mixer for subsequent processing.

[0017] Step 4, the filtration step, the oil in the adsorption box is continuously filtered, the oil on the inclined plate is extracted by the piston, filtered through the tubular filter, and then the oil at the bottom of the inclined plate flows from both sides of the inclined plate to the top of the inclined plate. The flow of oil assists the particles in adsorbing the oil, while ensuring the cleanliness of the oil.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) In the present invention, a dredging component is provided to dredge the gaps inside the ammonium nitrate particles by using a negative pressure device, and impurities in the pores are sucked out by the cooperation of the air outlet and the negative pressure device. On the one hand, it is convenient for the particles to adsorb the base oil and prevent clogging. On the other hand, the particles are dried and powder or small particles mixed in the particles can be separated. (2) In the present invention, by providing an infiltration component, centrifugal force and negative pressure suction are used to promote the base oil to flow in the centrifuge tube. During the flow, the base oil passes through the particles in the centrifuge tube, so that the base oil enters the gaps between the particles, deeply infiltrates the ammonium nitrate particles, and ensures thorough adsorption; (3) In the present invention, the adsorption component is used to quickly immerse the wetted ammonium nitrate particles in the oil, and the water flow is used to accelerate the contact between the particles and the oil, so as to promote the oil to enter the gaps of the ammonium nitrate particles as quickly and as much as possible, thereby completing thorough adsorption; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel explosive preparation system.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dredging mechanism.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dredging mechanism.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the mixing component and the adsorption component.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram related to the storage bin.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the moving path of the particles and the oil fluid of the infiltration component.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the centrifugal part.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the flow part.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the docking part.

[0028] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drying control part.

[0029] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the drying control part.

[0030] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filtering mechanism.

[0031] Figure 13 It is a schematic process flow diagram of a preparation method of an emulsified porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive. Specific embodiments

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Embodiment 1 As Figure 1 shown, an emulsified porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive preparation system includes ammonium nitrate conveying equipment 01, ammonium oil mixing equipment 02, a double-shaft mixer 03, a wood powder / viscous agent mixing screw 04, and packaging equipment, wherein the ammonium oil mixing equipment 02 includes: A dredging mechanism 1, the dredging mechanism 1 includes a leveling component 11 arranged behind the ammonium nitrate conveying equipment and a dredging component 12 arranged behind the leveling component 11. The leveling component 11 levels the ammonium nitrate particles to assist the dredging component 12 to complete the dredging of the ammonium nitrate particles; Adsorption mechanism 2, the adsorption mechanism 2 is arranged behind the dredging mechanism 1, including a mixing component 21 arranged behind the paving component 11, a wetting component 22 arranged behind the first mixing component 21, and an adsorption component 23 arranged behind the immersion component. The mixing component 21 preliminarily mixes ammonium nitrate particles with base oil and promotes the base oil to fully penetrate into the ammonium nitrate particles through the wetting component 22, and then inputs them into the adsorption component 23 for thorough adsorption of the base oil; The wetting component 22 includes a centrifugal part 221 that uses centrifugal force to fully wet the base oil and an auxiliary part 222 arranged inside the centrifugal part 221 to assist the centrifugal part 221 in the flow of the base oil using negative pressure; The adsorption component 23 includes a flow part 231 that realizes the complete adsorption of oil by ammonium nitrate particles, a docking part 232 arranged in front of the flow part 231, and a drying control part 233 arranged behind the flow part 231; Filtering mechanism 3, the filtering mechanism 3 is arranged below the adsorption mechanism 2 and is used to filter the oil used in the adsorption component 23.

[0034] In this embodiment, by setting the dredging mechanism 1 and the adsorption mechanism 2, using the porous nature of ammonium nitrate particles themselves, through the negative pressure device 121, the pores in the ammonium nitrate particles are dredged to prevent void blockage and affect the subsequent adsorption effect of the base oil. Then, with the two-stage adsorption setting in the adsorption mechanism 2, the ammonium nitrate particles can fully adsorb a sufficient amount of oil, thus ensuring the adsorption rate and improving the production quality.

[0035] Specifically, the interior of porous granular ammonium nitrate particles has many cavities and fissures, the bulk density is generally 0.75 - 0.85 g / cm3, and the porosity is about 0.45 g / cm3 or more. This is because this ammonium nitrate (secondary particles or agglomerated particles) is formed by the accumulation of many small spherical grains (primary particles or single particles). The surface of the primary particles themselves is not smooth, so there are voids between them. Under the condition of equal particle size, the effective surface area of porous granular ammonium nitrate for adsorbing fuel oil is much larger than that of granular ammonium nitrate. Due to the strong oil absorption capacity of porous granular ammonium nitrate and the adsorbed fuel oil being distributed in the pores inside the particles, the ammonium nitrate explosive prepared with it can be stored for a longer time. Therefore, the adsorption rate of ammonium nitrate particles affects the quality of the final explosive prepared.

[0036] It should be noted that in the prior art, for the mixing of ammonium nitrate particles and extrusion oil, diesel oil (base oil) is often passed through an oil-phase nozzle in a quantitative conveying screw to form a fan-shaped spray of diesel oil (base oil) for preliminary mixing with porous granular ammonium nitrate and then conveyed to a mixing oil screw. The mixing oil screw mixes the diesel oil (base oil) and the porous granular ammonium nitrate evenly to make ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and convey it to a double-shaft mixer 03. This method cannot ensure the adsorption rate of particles to the base oil, and it is also easy to cause differences and unevenness in the adsorption between particles.

[0037] It is worth mentioning that in addition to spraying, there may be other methods for mixing particles and oil liquid, such as mechanical stirring mixing, soaking, fluidized bed adsorption, vacuum impregnation, surface modification, microencapsulation, electrostatic adsorption, supercritical fluid technology, etc. Considering factors such as cost and efficiency, in this embodiment, spraying and soaking are used to carry out the adsorption of oil liquid. Among them, spraying is likely to cause a low adsorption rate and poor mixing effect, while soaking has low efficiency and a long duration. By combining the two methods, while ensuring the adsorption efficiency, the adsorption rate of particles to the oil liquid is increased.

[0038] Further, as Figure 2 shown, the paving component 11 includes a mesh conveyor belt 111 for conveying ammonium nitrate particles, a feeding port 112 arranged above the mesh conveyor belt 111, a spiral shaft that is arranged below the feeding port 112 and is controlled to rotate by a motor, and a clamping plate 113 that is arranged behind the feeding port 112 and is controlled by a motor.

[0039] In this embodiment, by setting the spiral shaft and the clamping plate 113, the ammonium nitrate particles released from the feeding port 112 are paved flat, so that the ammonium nitrate particles can be evenly paved on the surface of the mesh conveyor belt 111, thus facilitating the subsequent negative pressure dredging work.

[0040] Further, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown, the dredging component 12 is arranged on the mesh conveyor belt 111 and includes a negative pressure device 121 arranged below the mesh conveyor belt 111, multiple air outlet ports 122 arranged above the negative pressure device 121 and the mesh conveyor belt 111, the negative pressure device 121 communicating with the air outlet ports 122, a dust collector 123 arranged between the negative pressure device 121 and the air outlet ports 122, and multiple turntables 124 arranged between each group of air outlet ports 122 and driven by a motor.

[0041] In this embodiment, by setting the negative pressure device 121 and the turntable 124, the dredging work of ammonium nitrate particles is realized.

[0042] Specifically, the flattened ammonium nitrate particles are input above the negative pressure device 121. The negative pressure device 121 sucks the particles, and at the same time, the air outlet 122 above discharges air. By using the air outlet 122 and the negative pressure device 121, the pores of the particles are dredged. Among them, through the setting of the turntable 124, the rotation of the turntable 124 makes the particles rotate, so as to dredge the particles from multiple angles, avoid the occurrence of dredging dead corners, and use the dust collector 123 to collect the dredged impurities.

[0043] It should be noted that while using the negative pressure device 121 and the air outlet 122 to dredge the particles, it can also play a drying effect to ensure the dryness of the particles.

[0044] Furthermore, as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 shown, the mixing component 21 includes a feeding screw 211 arranged behind the mesh conveyor belt 111 and a first nozzle 212 arranged inside the feeding screw 211; The centrifugal member 221 is arranged behind the feeding screw 211, and includes a material distribution pipe 2211, a wetting frame 2212 rotatably connected to the material distribution pipe 2211, a plurality of bins 2213 evenly arranged on the wetting frame 2212, a centrifugal cavity 2214 rotatably connected to the end of each bin 2213 by a motor, a plurality of centrifugal pipes 2215 arranged on the centrifugal cavity 2214, a plurality of recovery tanks 2216 fixedly connected to the wetting frame 2212 and located outside each centrifugal cavity 2214, a collection pipe 2217 rotatably connected to the recovery tank 2216 and respectively communicated with the adjacent centrifugal pipes 2215, a summary cavity 2218 fixed on the base, and a recovery pipe 2219 rotatably connected to the summary cavity 2218 and respectively communicated with each recovery tank 2216. A negative pressure device is arranged at the end of the centrifugal pipe 2215.

[0045] Furthermore, as Figure 2 shown, the auxiliary member 222 includes a partition plate 2221 arranged inside the bin 2213 and a material leveling plate 2222 rotatably connected to the upper part of the partition plate by a motor drive; It also includes a plurality of moving nozzles 2223 controlled to move by an electric cylinder arranged in the center of the centrifugal cavity 2214, a nozzle pipe communicated with a quick connector arranged on the centrifugal cavity 2214 through a hose, an oil delivery pipe 2224 arranged below the centrifugal member 221 and controlled to move up and down by an electric cylinder, and a quick connector matching the centrifugal cavity 2214 arranged at the end of the oil delivery pipe 2224.

[0046] In this embodiment, by setting the centrifugal member 221, using centrifugal force and negative pressure suction, the oil liquid flows from one end of the centrifuge tube 2215 to the other end, and flows through the ammonium nitrate particles in the middle, passes through the pores of the ammonium nitrate particles, and fully wets the pores of the ammonium nitrate particles.

[0047] Specifically, the particles are preliminarily mixed and adsorbed by the feeding screw 211, and then enter the distribution pipe 2211. After passing through the distribution pipe 2211, the storage bin 2213, and the centrifugal chamber 2214, they enter the centrifuge tube 2215. During the process of the particles entering the storage bin 2213, the equalizing plate 2222 rotates to ensure that the number of particles entering each centrifuge tube 2215 is approximately the same. After the particles enter the centrifuge tube 2215, the quick connector is docked, the movable nozzle 2223 is moved out, and the oil liquid is sprayed into the centrifuge tube 2215. Then the quick connector is separated, and the wetting rack 2212 and the centrifugal chamber 2214 start to rotate. Using centrifugal force and negative pressure suction, the oil liquid inside flows to the outside and is recovered through the recovery tank 2216 and the collection pipe 2217. After centrifugation is completed, the storage bin 2213 rotates to the upper side, and the particles fall out of the centrifugal member 221 and are input into the adsorption mechanism 2.

[0048] It should be noted that the preliminary mixing and adsorption of the oil liquid and the particles are achieved through the nozzle. At this time, the oil liquid basically adheres to the surface of the particles and does not penetrate into the interior of the particles. Then, by using the centrifugal member 221, the oil liquid is forced to move through centrifugal force and negative pressure suction, so as to promote the oil liquid to flow through the pores of the particles.

[0049] It is worth mentioning that a first nozzle 212 is provided in front of the centrifugal member 221, which can pre-attach a layer of oil liquid on the surface of the particles. Through this attached layer of oil liquid, the smooth flow due to overly dry particles can be avoided.

[0050] Further, as Figure 8 shown, the flow member 231 includes an adsorption box 2311 provided behind the wetting assembly 22 and containing base oil therein, a rotating frame 2312 rotatably connected to the middle of the adsorption box 2311 by a motor, a plurality of rows of pipes 2313 rotatably connected to the rotating frame 2312, a plurality of adsorption pipes 2314 with openings on the surface and one end open provided in the rows of pipes 2313, a plurality of closing plates 2315 hinged to the open ends of the adsorption pipes 2314, and springs provided between the outer ends of the closing plates 2315 and the adsorption pipes 2314.

[0051] Further, as Figure 9As shown, the docking member 232 includes a pipe group 2321 disposed in front of the rotating frame 2312 and controlled to move horizontally by an electric cylinder, a conveying bin 2322 fixed on the adsorption box 2311 and communicating with the material distribution pipe 2211. The pipe group 2321 includes a plurality of through pipes, and the through pipes are connected to the inside of the conveying bin 2322 through hoses. A baffle 2323 is rotatably connected to the inside of the conveying bin 2322 by a motor, and a blower 2324 that jets air into the conveying bin 2322.

[0052] In this embodiment, by providing the rotating frame 2312 and the pipe row 2313, the particles are prevented in the pipe row 2313, and by quickly immersing them in the oil, the particles are fully adsorbed to the oil.

[0053] Specifically, the pipe group 2321 is inserted into the adsorption pipe 2314 under the control of the electric cylinder, and the wetted particles are input into the conveying bin 2322. Using the blower 2324 provided in the input bin, they are transferred into the adsorption pipe 2314, and then the pipe group 2321 is separated. The closing plate 2315 closes the adsorption pipe 2314, and the rotating frame 2312 rotates downward to immerse the pipe group 2321 downward into the oil. At the same time, the pipe group 2321 itself can be driven to rotate by a motor. By using the rotation and the flow of the oil, the particles are caused to swim back and forth in the oil, so that the particles can quickly adsorb the oil, and then the adsorbed oil enters the drying member 233.

[0054] It should be noted that after being wetted by the wetting member, at this time, the surfaces of the particles and the surfaces of the internal pores thereof are both attached with oil, but there may be some larger pores that are not completely filled inside. Therefore, the particles are immersed in the oil for thorough adsorption. During this period, by the rotation of the pipe row 2313, the oil also flows, promoting the oil to enter the inside of the particles to complete thorough adsorption.

[0055] It is worth mentioning that for the adsorption of oil by particles by direct immersion, on the one hand, due to the air remaining in the internal pores of the particles, the conventional immersion method cannot perform thorough adsorption on the one hand, and the time required for adsorption is relatively long. If the pressure is used to promote adsorption, the particles may dissolve under immersion. In this embodiment, the particles are first wetted, so that a certain amount of oil remains in the small voids inside the particles, and there is also oil on the surface of the large pores, facilitating the direct inflow of oil. There is no need to worry about the blockage caused by air. At the same time, the time to enter the oil is short, and the oil adsorbed on the surface of the particles itself will form a layer of protection to prevent the particles from dissolving.

[0056] Further, as Figure 10 、 Figure 11As shown in the figure, the oil control component 233 includes an oil control bin 2331 arranged to be controlled and moved by an electric cylinder, a material receiving pipe 2332 arranged outside the oil control bin 2331, a paddle 2333 arranged at the middle of one side close to the material receiving pipe 2332 at the bottom of the oil control bin 2331 and driven by a chain, elastic pieces 2334 arranged on both sides of the paddle 2333, stepped strainers 2335 arranged at both ends of the other side at the bottom of the oil control bin 2331, and an output screw 2336 arranged at the middle of the stepped strainers on both sides and communicating with the output of the rear double-shaft mixer 03. Electric cylinders are arranged below both the elastic pieces 2334 and the stepped strainers 2335 to strike the elastic pieces 2334 and the stepped strainers 2335.

[0057] In this embodiment, by arranging the oil control bin 2331, the removal of the excess oil from the adsorbed particles is realized.

[0058] Specifically, the rotating frame 2312 raises the particles from the oil. Under the control of the electric cylinder, the oil control bin 2331 moves, inserts the material receiving pipe 2332 into the adsorption pipe 2314, so that the particles flow out into the oil control bin 2331. The particles flowing out from the two material receiving pipes 2332 fall onto the elastic pieces 2334, and the particles flowing out from the middle material receiving pipe 2332 fall onto the middle platform. The paddle 2333 driven by the chain is used to move the particles on the platform to the elastic pieces 2334 on both sides. By the strike of the electric cylinder, the elastic pieces 2334 bounce up, and the particles on the elastic pieces 2334 are bounced to both ends of the stepped strainers 2335. At the same time, the electric cylinder drives the stepped strainers 2335 to bounce around the middle, bounce the particles towards the middle, so that the particles gradually fall into the middle output screw 2336 and are input into the rear double-shaft mixer 03.

[0059] It should be noted that the elastic pieces 2334, the stepped strainers 2335 and the platform in the middle are all arranged as porous structures to facilitate the leakage of oil.

[0060] It is worth mentioning that by the strike of the electric cylinder, the elastic pieces 2334 and the stepped strainers 2335 bounce up, so that the particles above also bounce up. After repeating many times, the excess oil and the particles are separated, and the oil control is completed.

[0061] Further, as Figure 12 shown in the figure, the filtering mechanism 3 is arranged at the bottom of the adsorption box 2311 and includes an inclined plate 31 arranged below the flow part 231, a tubular filter screen 32 rotatably connected in the middle of the inclined plate 31, a sealing groove 33 arranged below the tubular filter screen 32, a piston 34 arranged in the sealing groove 33, one-way valves are arranged on the piston 34 and below the tubular filter screen 32, and openings are arranged at the bottom of the sealing groove 33 and the tops of both sides of the inclined plate 31 and are connected through pipes.

[0062] In this embodiment, by arranging the tubular filter screen 32 and the piston 34, the filtration of the oil is realized to ensure the cleanliness of the oil.

[0063] The tubular filter screen 32 is tubular, with its cylindrical side wall being a filter screen. One end is open, and the other end is detachably and rotatably connected to the side wall of the adsorption box 2311. The inclined plate 31 has a certain inclination angle, and its bottommost part is arranged at the opening of the tubular filter screen 32.

[0064] Specifically, by setting the inclined plate 31, the oil liquid is divided into two parts, the upper part and the lower part. The debris generated during the particle adsorption process falls onto the inclined plate 31. The piston 34 moves downward, and through the one-way valve below the tubular filter screen 32, the oil liquid is pumped into the sealing groove 33. Due to the certain inclination angle of the inclined plate 31, when the debris falls onto the inclined plate 31, it will gather towards the bottommost part, that is, gather at the opening of the tubular filter screen 32. At this time, the suction force of the piston sucks the impurities gathered on the inclined plate 31 into the tubular filter screen 32. At the same time, due to the downward movement of the piston 34, the oil liquid below the piston 34 is extruded from the opening at the bottom of the sealing groove 33. This part of the oil liquid flows out through the opening on the inclined plate 31 through the pipeline. At the same time, a baffle can be set above the opening of the inclined plate 31. On the one hand, it can prevent impurities from falling through the opening into the pipeline below the inclined plate 31. On the other hand, it can control the flow direction of the oil liquid flowing upward, so that the oil liquid flows along the surface of the inclined plate 31, forming an impact on the impurities on the surface of the inclined plate 31, promoting the impurities above the inclined plate 31 to gather downward. After the piston 34 moves to the bottommost part and then moves upward, at this time, the oil liquid in the sealing groove 33 flows to the lower part of the piston 34 through the one-way valve on the piston 34, completing the oil liquid reflux; During the process of oil liquid flow, on the one hand, it can make the particles receive more impacts from the flowing oil liquid when immersed in the oil liquid, accelerating the adsorption. On the other hand, the oil liquid flows from both sides to the middle, promoting the impurities to also flow towards the middle tubular filter screen 32, preventing impurities from remaining on the inclined plate 31.

[0065] The tubular filter screen 32 is detachably installed on the adsorption box 2311, and can be disassembled and replaced in time. At the same time, the tubular filter screen 32 can be driven to rotate by setting a motor, thereby avoiding the blockage of one side of the tubular filter screen 32 by impurities and causing the cleaning efficiency to slow down.

[0066] The oil liquid recovered by the front recovery pipe 2219 can be transported above the inclined plate 31 for cleaning and reuse.

[0067] Embodiment 2 As Figure 13 shown, among which the same or corresponding components as those in Embodiment 1 adopt the corresponding reference numerals in Embodiment 1. For the sake of simplicity, only the differences from Embodiment 1 will be described below. The differences between this Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 are as follows: Furthermore, as Figure 13As shown, the method for preparing an emulsified porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosive is applied to an emulsified porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosive preparation system, including the processes of quantitative delivery of porous granular ammonium nitrate, delivery of diesel / base oil system configuration, oil mixing, latex delivery, emulsified ammonium oil mixing, wood powder / viscosity agent mixing, and packaging system, wherein the oil mixing process includes the following steps: Step 1: a dredging step, in which the negative pressure device 121 in the dredging component 12 dredges the paved ammonium nitrate particles, so that the ammonium nitrate particles pass through the negative pressure device 121, and the pores of the ammonium nitrate particles are dredged by using the negative pressure to prevent impurities from affecting the subsequent adsorption of the base oil; Step 2, a primary adsorption and infiltration step, the dredged ammonium nitrate particles are input into the feeding screw 211, mixed with the base oil, and adsorbed once, and then input into the centrifuge tube 2215 of the infiltration component 22, and a fixed amount of base oil is sprayed on the upper surface by the moving nozzle 2223, and the centrifuge chamber 2214 rotates to cooperate with the negative pressure device 121 on the centrifugal member 221, so that the base oil flows from one end of the centrifuge tube 2215 to the other end and passes through the ammonium nitrate particles in the middle, and the base oil penetrates and infiltrates into the particles; Step three, secondary adsorption, the wetted particles enter the flow part 231 through the docking part 232, the rotating frame 2312 and the discharge pipe 2313 of the flow part 231 rotate, immersing the particles in the oil and quickly taking them out, using the rotation to shake off a large amount of oil and then input the particles into the oil control part, through the vibration of the spring piece 2334 and the step filter 2335 in the oil control part, the excess oil is separated from the particles, and the particles are transported to the double-shaft mixer 03 for subsequent processing.

[0068] Step 4, the filtering step, the oil in the adsorption box 2311 is continuously filtered, the oil on the inclined plate 31 is extracted by the piston 34, and filtered through the tubular filter 32, and then the oil at the bottom of the inclined plate 31 is retained from both sides of the inclined plate 31 to the top of the inclined plate 31. Through the flow of the oil, the particles are assisted in the adsorption of the oil, and the cleanliness of the oil is ensured at the same time.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "front and back", "left and right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the invention.

[0070] Of course, in the present technical solution, those skilled in the art should understand that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0071] As described above, it is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention under the technical disclosure of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel mixture preparation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ammonium nitrate conveying device (01), an ammonium oil mixing device (02), a double-shaft mixer (03), a wood powder / adhesive agent mixing screw (04) and a packaging device, wherein the ammonium oil mixing device (02) comprises: A dredging mechanism (1), the dredging mechanism (1) comprising a flattening component (11) arranged behind the ammonium nitrate conveying device, and a dredging component (12) arranged behind the flattening component (11), wherein the flattening component (11) flattens the ammonium nitrate particles to assist the dredging component (12) in completing the dredging of the ammonium nitrate particles; An adsorption mechanism (2), the adsorption mechanism (2) being arranged behind the dredging mechanism (1), comprising a mixing component (21) arranged behind the paving component (11), an infiltration component (22) arranged behind the first mixing component (21), and an adsorption component (23) arranged behind the immersion component, wherein the mixing component (21) preliminarily mixes the ammonium nitrate particles with the base oil and causes the base oil to fully penetrate into the ammonium nitrate particles through the infiltration component (22), and then inputs the base oil into the adsorption component (23) for thorough adsorption of the base oil; The impregnation assembly (22) comprises a centrifugal member (221) for fully impregnating the base oil by using centrifugal force, and an auxiliary member (222) disposed inside the centrifugal member (221) and assisting the centrifugal member (221) in using negative pressure to cause the base oil to flow; The adsorption component (23) comprises a flow member (231) for achieving complete adsorption of oil by ammonium nitrate particles, a docking member (232) arranged in front of the flow member (231), and a control member (233) arranged behind the flow member (231); A filtering mechanism (3) is arranged below the adsorption mechanism (2) and is used to filter the oil used in the adsorption component (23).

2. a kind of emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel mixture preparation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The paving assembly (11) comprises a mesh conveyor belt (111) for conveying ammonium nitrate particles, a discharge port (112) arranged above the mesh conveyor belt (111), a spiral shaft arranged below the discharge port (112), and a clamping plate (113) arranged behind the discharge port (112).

3. a kind of emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel mixture preparation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, The dredging assembly (12) is arranged on the mesh conveyor belt (111), and comprises a negative pressure device (121) arranged below the mesh conveyor belt (111), a plurality of groups of air outlets (122) arranged above the negative pressure device (121) and the mesh conveyor belt (111), the negative pressure device (121) communicating with the air outlets (122), a dust collector (123) arranged between the negative pressure device (121) and the air outlets (122), and a plurality of groups of rotating disks (124) arranged between the groups of air outlets (122) and driven by a motor.

4. a kind of emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel mixture preparation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The mixing assembly (21) comprises a feeding screw (211) arranged behind the mesh conveyor belt (111), and a first nozzle (212) arranged inside the feeding screw (211); The centrifugal member (221) is arranged behind the feeding screw (211), and comprises a material distribution pipe (2211), an infiltration rack (2212) rotatably connected to the material distribution pipe (2211), a plurality of material bins (2213) evenly arranged on the infiltration rack (2212), a centrifugal chamber (2214) rotatably connected to the end of each material bin (2213) via a motor, a plurality of centrifugal tubes (2215) arranged on the centrifugal chamber (2214), and a plurality of fixedly connected to the infiltration rack (2212). 12) and located outside each centrifugal chamber (2214), a collection tube (2217) rotatably connected to the recovery tank (2216) and respectively connected to adjacent centrifuge tubes (2215), a collection chamber (2218) fixed to the base, and a recovery tube (2219) rotatably connected to the collection chamber (2218) and respectively connected to each recovery tank (2216), wherein a negative pressure device is also provided at the end of the centrifuge tube (2215).

5. a kind of emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel mixture preparation system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, The auxiliary component (222) comprises a partition plate (2221) arranged inside the material bin (2213), and a material distribution plate (2222) connected to the upper part of the partition plate and driven to rotate by a motor; It also includes a plurality of movable nozzles (2223) arranged in the center of the centrifugal chamber (2214) and controlled to move by an electric cylinder, and an oil delivery pipe (2224) arranged below the centrifugal element (221) and movable up and down.

6. a kind of emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel mixture preparation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The flow member (231) comprises an adsorption box (2311) arranged behind the infiltration component (22), a rotating frame (2312) rotatably connected in the middle of the adsorption box (2311), a plurality of groups of row tubes (2313) rotatably connected to the rotating frame (2312), a plurality of adsorption tubes (2314) with openings on the surface and open at one end provided in the row tubes (2313), and a plurality of closing plates (2315) hingedly connected to the open ends of the adsorption tubes (2314).

7. A kind of emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel mixture preparation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The docking member (232) comprises a pipe group (2321) arranged in front of the rotating frame (2312) and movable horizontally, a conveying bin (2322) fixed on the adsorption box (2311) and connected to the material distribution pipe (2211), the pipe group (2321) comprises a plurality of through pipes connected to the conveying bin (2322) through hoses, a baffle (2323) rotatably connected to the conveying bin (2322), and a fan (2324) for ejecting air into the conveying bin (2322).

8. A kind of emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel mixture preparation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control dry part (233) comprises an oil control bin (2331), a material receiving pipe (2332) arranged outside the oil control bin (2331), a paddle (2333) arranged at the middle of one side of the bottom of the oil control bin (2331) close to the material receiving pipe (2332), spring pieces (2334) arranged at both sides of the paddle (2333), a step filter (2335) arranged at both ends of the other side of the bottom of the oil control bin (2331), and an output screw (2336) arranged at the middle of the two side rack filters and connected to the rear double-shaft mixer (03). Electric cylinders are arranged below the spring pieces (2334) and the step filter (2335) for knocking the spring pieces (2334) and the step filter (2335).

9. a kind of emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel mixture preparation system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, The filtering mechanism (3) is arranged at the bottom of the adsorption box (2311), and comprises an inclined plate (31) arranged below the flow element (231), a tubular filter screen (32) rotatably connected to the middle of the inclined plate (31), a sealing groove (33) arranged below the tubular filter screen (32), a piston (34) arranged in the sealing groove (33), and a one-way valve arranged on the piston (34) and below the tubular filter screen (32). The bottom of the sealing groove (33) and the top of both sides of the inclined plate (31) are both provided with openings, and the two openings are connected by a pipeline.

10. A method for preparing an emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive, applied to an emulsified porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive preparation system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes the quantitative delivery of porous granular ammonium nitrate, diesel / base oil system configuration delivery, oil mixing, latex delivery, emulsified ammonium oil mixing, wood powder / viscosity agent mixing, and packaging system processes, wherein the oil mixing process includes the following steps: Step 1: a dredging step, wherein the negative pressure device (121) in the dredging component (12) dredges the paved ammonium nitrate particles, so that the ammonium nitrate particles pass through the negative pressure device (121), and the pores of the ammonium nitrate particles are dredged by using the negative pressure; Step 2, a primary adsorption and infiltration step, the dredged ammonium nitrate particles are input into the feeding screw (211), mixed with the base oil, and subjected to a primary adsorption, and then input into the centrifuge tube (2215) of the infiltration component (22), and a fixed amount of base oil is sprayed on the upper surface by the moving nozzle (2223), and the centrifuge chamber (2214) rotates to cooperate with the negative pressure device (121) on the centrifugal member (221), so that the base oil flows from one end of the centrifuge tube (2215) to the other end and passes through the ammonium nitrate particles in the middle, and the base oil penetrates and infiltrates into the particles; Step three, secondary adsorption, the soaked particles enter the flow part (231) through the docking part (232), the rotating frame (2312) and the drain pipe (2313) of the flow part (231) rotate, immerse the particles in the oil and immediately take them out, and use the rotation to shake off a large amount of oil, and then input the particles into the oil control part, and through the vibration of the spring (2334) and the step filter (2335) in the oil control part, the excess oil is separated from the particles, and the particles are transported to the double-shaft mixer (03) for subsequent processing; Step 4, a filtering step, wherein the oil in the adsorption box (2311) is continuously filtered, and the oil on the inclined plate (31) is extracted by the piston (34), and filtered through the tubular filter (32), and then the oil at the bottom of the inclined plate (31) flows from both sides of the inclined plate (31) to the top of the inclined plate (31). The flow of the oil assists the particles in adsorbing the oil, while ensuring the cleanliness of the oil.

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