Silicon bronze alloy bar and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon bronze alloy bar as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The silicon bronze alloy bar comprises Si, Cu and X elements, the element X comprises Mn; the sum of the mass percents of all the elements is 100%, the Si accounts for 2-4 wt%, and the X element accounts for 0.5-10 wt%; the microstructure of the cross section of the silicon bronze alloy bar comprises an alpha phase, a Mn2Si phase and a MnSi phase, the area ratio of the alpha phase is 80%-95%, the area ratio of the Mn2Si phase is 4%-10%, and the area ratio of the MnSi phase is 0.5%-1.5%. According to the invention, alloy components and microstructures are designed, and a cold and hot processing technology is combined, so that the silicon bronze alloy bar has excellent corrosion resistance, high strength and excellent formability of the alloy, and can bear severe conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, strong corrosion and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of copper alloys, and particularly relates to a silicon bronze alloy bar and its preparation method and application. Background Art

[0002] Silicon bronze alloy is a special type of bronze with Si as the main alloying element. In addition to Cu, it also includes elements such as Mn and Cu. Due to its high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance, formability, stress relaxation resistance, and hot and cold working properties, it belongs to high-strength wear-resistant bronze and is mainly used in fields such as aviation, military bearings, ship components, and electrified railway devices.

[0003] QSi3-1 is a representative grade of silicon bronze. Its main alloying elements are Si and Mn, and the chemical composition of the alloy is: Si: 2.7 - 3.5 wt%, Mn: 1.0 - 1.5 wt%, Fe ≤ 0.3 wt%, Ni ≤ 0.2 wt%, Sn ≤ 0.25 wt%, Pb ≤ 0.03 wt%, Zn ≤ 0.5 wt%, and the total impurities ≤ 1.1 wt%. It can be pressure-processed in both cold and hot states and is commonly used to manufacture various parts working in corrosive media, springs and spring parts, as well as wear-resistant parts such as worms, worm gears, bushings, brake pins, and rods. It has certain wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance. In recent years, with the continuous high-speed growth of the economy, especially the rapid development of industries such as electromechanical manufacturing, shipbuilding, and electrified railways, the demand for silicon bronze materials has been steadily increasing year by year.

[0004] However, currently, manufacturers do not develop a reasonable microscopic structure before the trial production of silicon bronze products and directly carry out trial production, resulting in a wrong research and development direction and a greatly increased research and development cost. For example, most current manufacturers directly carry out trial production according to the following process: horizontal continuous casting → wire drawing → annealing → pickling → drawing, which leads to defects such as inclusions, coarse grains, and porosity in the billets of horizontal continuous casting, resulting in lower performance of silicon bronze materials. If higher performance is required, the annealing bottom residue needs to be increased. And after annealing the materials with a large deformation amount, there is a large difference in the grain size in the middle and at the edges of the materials. The grain structure at the edges is coarse, resulting in uneven material performance. During subsequent hot and cold processing, due to the coarse grain structure and different grain sizes in different parts of the material, the metal flow of the processed material is inconsistent, resulting in poor formability of the material and a short service life in corrosive media.

[0005] The invention patent application with the publication number CN116732385A discloses a silicon bronze bar and its preparation method. The silicon bronze bar contains the following elements and mass percentages: Si: 2.5 - 3.8 wt%, Mn: 1.0 - 1.8 wt%, Ni: 0.5 - 2.0 wt%, Fe: 0.01 - 0.3 wt%, Zn: 0.01 - 0.5 wt%, and the balance is Cu and inevitable impurities. The microstructure of the cross-section of the silicon bronze bar includes α phase, Ni 2 Si phase, Fe 3 Si phase and Mn 2 Si phase, and the Mn 2 Si phase accounts for 4 - 8% of the area. Although the invention patent application regulates the content ranges of Si, Mn, Ni, and Fe elements and the area ratios of the α phase and the second-phase particles, making the silicon bronze bar have high strength and cutting performance, it only solves the strength and straightness problems of QSi3-1, does not significantly improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and has poor hot and cold working properties, and the material is not easy to form, so its use in the application field still has limitations.

[0006] In view of the problems of poor formability of current market silicon bronze products and short service life in corrosive media, the present invention urgently needs to develop a silicon bronze alloy and its preparation method to break through the bottleneck of the existing technology so that it can withstand harsh conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and strong corrosion in extreme working environments. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a silicon bronze alloy bar, which has excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, good hot and cold working properties, and can withstand harsh conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and strong corrosion.

[0008] The present invention provides a silicon bronze alloy bar, including Si, Cu, and X element; the X element includes Mn; the sum of the mass percentages of all elements is 100%, wherein Si: 2 - 4 wt%, X element: 0.5 - 10 wt%;

[0009] The microstructure of the cross-section of the silicon bronze bar includes α phase, Mn 2 Si phase and MnSi phase, the α phase accounts for 80% - 95% of the area, the Mn 2 Si phase accounts for 4% - 10% of the area, and the MnSi phase accounts for 0.5% - 1.5% of the area.

[0010] The mass percentage of Mn in the silicon bronze alloy bar is 0.5 - 2 wt%.

[0011] The functions of the elements of the silicon bronze alloy bar provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0012] Si: The maximum solubility of Si can reach 5.3% at 852 °C, but it decreases with the decrease of temperature. Part of Si improves the strength of silicon bronze through solid solution strengthening, and the other part forms Mn 2 Si, MnSi strengthening phases improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and strength properties of silicon bronze. When the Si content is within a suitable range, by adjusting the content of other alloying elements and the processing technology, the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the alloy can reach 150% of QSi3-1; and the number of MnSi brittle phases formed by the combination of Si and Mn is moderate, reducing the self-cracking situation of silicon bronze in the natural aging state. Therefore, the Si content in the silicon bronze alloy of the present invention is preferably controlled at 2-4 wt%.

[0013] Mn: Mn is dissolved in copper, which can improve the strength of silicon bronze. When the content of Mn element is controlled within a suitable range, on the one hand, Mn 2 Si has a moderate quantity, ensuring the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material; on the other hand, the number of MnSi brittle phases is moderate, ensuring the plasticity of the silicon bronze alloy bar and reducing the risk of material cracking. Therefore, the Mn content in the silicon bronze alloy of the present invention is preferably controlled at 0.5-2 wt%.

[0014] By regulating the area ratios of the α phase, Mn 2 Si phase and MnSi phase by various alloying elements, the Mn 2 Si phase is a strengthening phase, which can improve the strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the alloy. The MnSi phase is a brittle phase. Controlling the proportion of the MnSi phase enables the silicon bronze alloy bar to have certain cutting performance and reduces the risk of self-cracking caused by phase transformation stress. The Mn 2 Si phase and MnSi phase synergistically affect the area ratio of the matrix α phase, improving the comprehensive performance of the silicon bronze alloy bar. Therefore, the area ratio of the α phase in the silicon bronze alloy of the present invention is preferably controlled at 80%-95%, and the Mn 2 Si phase area ratio is preferably controlled at 4%-10%, and the MnSi phase area ratio is preferably controlled at 0.5%-1.5%.

[0015] Preferably, the diameter of the Mn 2 Si phase is less than 5 μm, and the average aspect ratio is 1-1.3;

[0016] The diameter of the MnSi phase is less than 5 μm, and the average aspect ratio is 1-1.4.

[0017] By designing the size and morphology of the Mn 2 Si phase and MnSi phase, the alloy has high strength, excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance, while reducing the risk of self-cracking caused by phase transformation stress and ensuring the service performance of the alloy.

[0018] Preferably, the X element further includes rare earth elements and As, wherein the rare earth elements: 0.05-0.1 wt%, As: 0.1-0.5 wt%.

[0019] The functions of each X element are as follows:

[0020] The introduction of rare earth elements can make the strengthening phase Mn 2 Si and the brittle phase MnSi are evenly distributed. During the grain growth process, the strengthening phase is spheroidized, and the sizes of the strengthening phase and grains are reduced. Controlling the content of rare earth elements within the above range can ensure the appropriate size of the secondary phase grains of the alloy while ensuring the fluidity of the metal during alloy melting, facilitating the processing and production of alloy bars. Therefore, the content of rare earth elements in the alloy of the present invention is preferably controlled at 0.05-0.1 wt%.

[0021] As: At the eutectic temperature, the solubility of As in copper can reach 6.77%. It partially replaces copper atoms to form a solid solution, which can stabilize the crystal structure of the α-phase matrix, thereby changing the lattice structure of the copper alloy, refining grains, improving the strength of the alloy, and reducing the cracking risk during hot and cold processing; secondly, it can form an arsenic film on the surface of the copper alloy. This film acts as a carrier of oxygen, oxidizing copper ions into insoluble basic chlorides, thereby reducing the copper ion concentration near the interface and inhibiting the re-deposition process of copper, and further improving the corrosion resistance. Therefore, the content of As in the silicon bronze alloy of the present invention is preferably controlled at 0.1-0.5 wt%.

[0022] Preferably, the rare earth element is one of Ce, La, and Y.

[0023] Preferably, the number of As particles is 3000-8000 per mm 2 , the size of As particles is less than 1 μm, and the average grain size is 0.01-0.07 mm.

[0024] When rare earth elements are introduced, the distribution of As particles becomes more uniform. The size of the average grain size has a great influence on the mechanical properties and processing properties of the alloy. The finer and more uniform the grains, the better the comprehensive properties of the alloy. The present invention ensures the strength and corrosion resistance of the alloy bars by regulating the number of As particles and the grain size within the above range.

[0025] Preferably, the texture of the silicon bronze alloy bar includes <112>-direction fiber texture and <100>-direction fiber texture, wherein the area ratio of the <112>-direction fiber texture is 60%-80%, and the area ratio of the <100>-direction fiber texture is 10%-15%.

[0026] The <112> directional fiber texture has a stronger effect on improving the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of silicon bronze than the <100> directional fiber texture. The influence of the <100> directional fiber texture on the strength of silicon bronze is less than that of the <112> directional fiber texture. By designing the proportion of the annealing texture, the mechanical property indexes such as the strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the alloy material can be improved.

[0027] Preferably, the friction coefficient of the silicon bronze alloy bar is 0.1 - 0.2, the tensile strength is ≥500 MPa, the elongation is ≥20%, and the weight loss of the corrosion resistance is 0.8 - 1.2 mg / cm 2 。

[0028] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a preparation method of the silicon bronze alloy bar. The technological process of this preparation method includes: melting → semi-continuous casting → extrusion → stretching → finished product annealing;

[0029] Weigh the ingredients according to the mass percentages of the components of the silicon bronze alloy bar and melt them.

[0030] Preferably, the temperature of the melting is 1080 - 1280 °C, and the raw materials for melting are cathode copper, Cu-Si master alloy, electrolytic manganese, elemental As, and mixed rare earths.

[0031] Preferably, the semi-continuous casting adopts a pull-stop traction process, bottom blowing argon gas refining, and electromagnetic stirring technology, and the casting temperature is 1180 - 1280 °C.

[0032] Adopt the semi-continuous casting process to eliminate the precipitation type pores at the head of the ingot and improve the internal quality of the billet.

[0033] Specifically, the processes of melting and semi-continuous ingot casting are as follows: weigh the ingredients according to the required components of the alloy, add cathode copper, Cu-Si master alloy, electrolytic manganese, elemental As, and mixed rare earths into the electric furnace in sequence, adopt the "pull-stop traction process", bottom blowing argon gas refining, and electromagnetic stirring technology. The casting temperature is 1180 - 1280 °C. The inlet water temperature of the cooling water of the mold used is 20 - 30 °C, the cooling water pressure is 0.3 - 0.7 MPa, the outlet water temperature is 25 - 40 °C, the traction speed is 25 - 60 mm / min, pull for 2 - 6 s and stop for 1 - 4 s, the electromagnetic stirring frequency is 3 - 20 Hz, the electromagnetic stirring current is 30 - 200 A, the cooling intensity is 0.5 - 1.5 MPa, and the billet specification is Φ254 mm.

[0034] Preferably, the temperature of the extrusion is 750 - 950 °C, the extrusion ratio is 7 - 108, and the extrusion speed is 3 - 14 mm / s.

[0035] The present invention extrudes the casting blank into a wire blank by means of hot extrusion, greatly reducing the casting defects inside the casting structure. However, since silicon bronze has an α-phase as the matrix phase and the α-phase has poor hot plasticity, the deformation resistance during the hot extrusion of silicon bronze alloy is very large, and the extrusion is often difficult. Therefore, the present invention adopts the extrusion ratio, extrusion temperature and extrusion speed within the above ranges to control the grain size inside the alloy, make the crystallization structure more uniform, minimize the remaining as-cast structure, and enable the surface layer of the extruded blank to be subjected to an appropriate additional tensile stress, reducing the defects of the alloy material.

[0036] Preferably, the processing rate of stretching the wire blank to the finished product specification is 20%-50%.

[0037] The present invention realizes large-deformation processing by stretching with the processing rate within the above range, enabling deformation of both the inside and outside of the extruded blank. In addition to bringing the blank specification to the required specification, it can also make the matrix phase and the secondary phase structure uniform, obtain a suitable grain size, and the area ratios of the suitable <100> direction texture and <112> direction texture and the area ratios of each phase.

[0038] Preferably, the finished product is annealed in a bright bell-type furnace, and the annealing temperature of the finished product is 300-450 °C, and the annealing time is 3-5 h.

[0039] The present invention controls the annealing temperature and annealing time of the finished product to promote the formation of the strengthening phase Mn 2 Si and the brittle phase MnSi, and controls the size and proportion of the strengthening phase and the brittle phase, further regulating the area ratios of the suitable <100> direction texture and <112> direction texture, and preparing a high-strength and easy-to-cut silicon bronze bar.

[0040] The present invention also provides the application of the described silicon bronze alloy bar in springs, spring parts, worm gears, worm wheels, bushings, brake pins and rod-like parts.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0042] The present invention regulates the area ratios of the α-phase, Mn 2 Si phase and MnSi phase through various alloying elements. The Mn 2 Si phase is a strengthening phase, which can improve the strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the alloy. The MnSi phase is a brittle phase. By controlling the proportion of the MnSi phase, the silicon bronze alloy bar has certain cutting performance and reduces the risk of self-cracking caused by phase change stress. The Mn 2 Si phase and MnSi phase synergistically affect the area ratio of the matrix α-phase, improving the comprehensive performance of the silicon bronze alloy bar.

[0043] The alloy preparation method provided by the present invention ensures that the grain structure distribution of each part in the alloy material is uniform, promotes the consistent metal flow of the processed alloy material, and significantly improves the processing performance and service life of the alloy material in a corrosive medium. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a metallographic structure photograph of the silicon bronze alloy bar prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 It is a metallographic structure photograph of the silicon bronze alloy bar prepared in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0046] The present invention provides 4 examples and 1 comparative example, and the specific components are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This example provides a preparation method for a silicon bronze alloy bar with a specification of Φ25mm. The specific steps are as follows:

[0049] 1) Melting and semi-continuous casting: Cathode copper, Cu-Si master alloy, and electrolytic manganese are sequentially added to the electric furnace and melted according to the mass percentage. The electromagnetic stirring, bottom blowing argon refining, and pulling and stopping processes are started. The specific parameters are shown in Table 2 below.

[0050] 2) Extrusion: Extrusion is carried out using 3150t, the extrusion specification is Φ32mm, the extrusion temperature is 830°C, and the extrusion speed is 8mm / s to obtain an extrusion billet.

[0051] 3) Pickling: The extrusion billet is put into a pickling bath containing sulfuric acid and nitric acid for pickling to remove the surface oxide scale.

[0052] 4) The pickled Φ32mm bar is stretched to Φ25mm on a straight pull lathe.

[0053] 5) Finish annealing: The Φ25mm finished product is subjected to bright annealing at 300°C for 3h.

[0054] 6) Straightening: The annealed product is straightened on a Schumag straightening machine.

[0055] 7) Sizing: The straightened product is sawed and flattened.

[0056] 8) Chamfering: The sized product is chamfered.

[0057] 9) Inspection / Packaging: The chamfered product is inspected and packaged.

[0058] 10 samples are randomly selected from the finished product for performance testing, and the average value is taken.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy bar with a specification of Φ25mm, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0061] 1) Melting and semi-continuous casting: In an electric furnace, cathode copper, Cu-Si master alloy, electrolytic manganese, elemental As, and mixed rare earths are added in sequence, melted according to the mass percentage, and the electromagnetic stirring, bottom blowing argon refining, and pulling and stopping processes are started. The specific parameters are shown in Table 2 below.

[0062] 2) Extrusion: Extrusion is carried out using 3150t, the extrusion specification is Φ32mm, the extrusion temperature is 840°C, and the extrusion speed is 6mm / s to obtain an extrusion billet.

[0063] 3) Pickling: The extrusion billet is put into a pickling bath containing sulfuric acid and nitric acid for pickling to remove the surface scale.

[0064] 4) The pickled Φ32mm bar is stretched to Φ25mm on a straight-pulling machine.

[0065] 5) Finish annealing: The Φ25mm finished product is subjected to bright annealing at 350°C for 3h.

[0066] 6) Straightening: The annealed product is straightened on a Schumag straightening machine.

[0067] 7) Sizing: The straightened product is sawed and trimmed flat.

[0068] 8) Chamfering: The sized product is chamfered.

[0069] 9) Inspection / Packaging: The chamfered product is inspected and packaged.

[0070] 10 samples are taken from the finished product to test the performance, and the average value is taken.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy bar with a specification of Φ25mm, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0073] 1) Melting and semi-continuous casting: In an electric furnace, cathode copper, Cu-Si master alloy, electrolytic manganese, elemental As, and mixed rare earths are added in sequence, melted according to the mass percentage, and the electromagnetic stirring, bottom blowing argon refining, and pulling and stopping processes are started. The specific parameters are shown in the table below.

[0074] 2) Extrusion: Extrusion is carried out using 3150t, the extrusion specification is Φ32mm, the extrusion temperature is 850°C, and the extrusion speed is 7mm / s to obtain an extrusion billet.

[0075] 3) Pickling: The extrusion billet is put into a pickling bath containing sulfuric acid and nitric acid for pickling to remove the surface scale.

[0076] 4) Stretch the pickled Φ32mm bar to Φ25mm on a straight drawing machine.

[0077] 5) Finish annealing: Anneal the Φ25mm finished product at 400 °C for 3 h with bright annealing.

[0078] 6) Straighten: Straighten the annealed product on a Schumag straightening machine.

[0079] 7) Cut to length: Cut and trim the straightened product.

[0080] 8) Chamfer: Chamfer the product after cutting to length.

[0081] 9) Inspection / Packaging: Inspect and package the chamfered product.

[0082] Take 10 samples from the finished product to test the performance and take the average value.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] This example provides a method for preparing a Φ25mm silicon bronze alloy bar, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0085] 1) Melting and semi-continuous casting: Add cathode copper, Cu-Si master alloy, electrolytic manganese, elemental As and mixed rare earths to the electric furnace in sequence, melt according to the mass percentage, and start the electromagnetic stirring, bottom blowing argon refining, pulling and stopping process. The specific parameters are shown in the following table.

[0086] 2) Extrusion: Use 3150t for extrusion, with an extrusion specification of Φ32mm, an extrusion temperature of 850 °C, and an extrusion speed of 6 mm / s to obtain an extrusion blank.

[0087] 3) Pickling: Put the extrusion blank into a pickling tank containing sulfuric acid and nitric acid for pickling to remove the surface oxide scale.

[0088] 4) Stretch the pickled Φ32mm bar to Φ25mm on a straight drawing machine.

[0089] 5) Finish annealing: Anneal the Φ25mm finished product at 400 °C for 3.5 h with bright annealing.

[0090] 6) Straighten: Straighten the annealed product on a Schumag straightening machine.

[0091] 7) Cut to length: Cut and trim the straightened product.

[0092] 8) Chamfer: Chamfer the product after cutting to length.

[0093] 9) Inspection / Packaging: Inspect and package the chamfered product.

[0094] Take 10 samples from the finished products to test their performance and calculate the average value.

[0095] Comparative Example 1

[0096] Purchase Φ25mm horizontal continuous casting bar products on the market.

[0097] Perform the following tests on the microstructures of the 4 examples and 1 comparative example, and record the results in Table 3.

[0098] Observe the proportion of matrix phase and secondary phase area and grain size under a metallurgical microscope;

[0099] Observe the proportion of fiber texture under an X-ray diffractometer;

[0100] Perform the following performance tests on the 4 examples and 1 comparative example, and record the results in Table 4.

[0101] Tensile strength and elongation: Test according to GB / T228.1-2021 "Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature".

[0102] (2) Corrosion resistance: The test standard is GB / T10125-2012, presented as the weight loss result. The smaller the weight loss of the test block, the better the corrosion resistance of the material.

[0103] (3) Wear resistance: Conduct a friction and wear test using a large-load friction and wear testing machine. Under the condition of a load of 100KN, a temperature of 25°C, a friction speed of 200r / min, and a dry friction mode, calculate the friction coefficient. The smaller the friction coefficient of the test block, the more wear-resistant the material.

[0104] Table 1 Chemical compositions of examples and comparative examples

[0105]

[0106] Table 2 Microstructures of examples and comparative examples

[0107]

[0108] Table 3 Melting and semi-continuous casting parameters

[0109]

[0110] Table 4 Average mechanical properties of examples and comparative examples

[0111]

[0112] As can be seen from Table 2, the Mn of the examples 2The area ratios of the Si phase and the MnSi phase are smaller than those of Comparative Example 1 (commercially available Φ25mm horizontally continuous cast bar products). Through the synergistic regulation of the secondary phases, the silicon bronze alloy bars have high strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. The relatively small area ratio of the MnSi phase improves the cutting performance of the alloy and reduces the risk of self-cracking. The alloy product of Comparative Example 1 did not undergo a finished annealing step, so a fiber texture in the <112> direction could not be formed. Therefore, the alloy bars prepared in the examples have relatively excellent mechanical properties.

[0113] The microstructure of the material determines its properties. As shown in Table 4, the tensile strength and elongation of the examples are both higher than those of Comparative Example 1 (commercially available Φ25mm horizontally continuous cast bar products), and the friction coefficient and weight loss of the examples are also lower than those of Comparative Example 1. Therefore, by regulating the area ratios of the secondary phases and the fiber texture in the <100> direction, and combining with special finished annealing to form a fiber texture in the <112> direction, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the alloy bars can be significantly improved, and a high-strength, wear-resistant, and corrosion-resistant alloy can be prepared.

[0114] As Figure 1 shown, the area ratio of the α phase in the silicon bronze alloy prepared in Example 1 reaches 93.3%, meeting the requirements of 80%-95% of the present invention, and the area ratio of the Mn 2 Si phase reaches 5.4%, meeting the requirements of 4%-10% of the present invention, and the area ratio of the MnSi phase reaches 0.6%, meeting the requirements of 0.5%-1.5% of the present invention.

[0115] As Figure 2 shown, the area ratio of the Mn 2 Si phase in the product provided by Comparative Example 1 reaches 25.3%, the average aspect ratio is 1.4, and the area ratio of the MnSi phase reaches 10.3%.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the various examples of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silicon bronze alloy rod, characterized in that: Including Si, Cu, X elements; X elements include Mn; the sum of the mass percentages of all elements is 100%, wherein Si: 2-4wt%, X elements: 0.5-10wt%; The microstructure of the cross section of the silicon bronze rod includes α phase, Mn2Si phase and MnSi phase, the α phase accounts for 80%-95% of the area, the Mn2Si phase accounts for 4%-10% of the area, and the MnSi phase accounts for 0.5%-1.5% of the area.

2. The silicon bronze alloy rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentage of Mn in the silicon bronze alloy rod is 0.5-2wt%.

3. The silicon bronze alloy rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the Mn2Si phase is less than 5 μμm, and the average aspect ratio is 1-1.3; The MnSi phase has a diameter less than 5 μm and an average aspect ratio of 1-1.

4.

4. The silicon bronze alloy rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X element also includes rare earth elements and As, wherein the rare earth elements are 0.05-0.1wt% and As is 0.1-0.5wt%.

5. The silicon bronze alloy rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of As particles is 3000-8000 / mm 2 , the size of As particles is less than 1μμm, and the average grain size is 0.01-0.07mm.

6. The silicon bronze alloy rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure and texture of the silicon bronze alloy rod include <112> Directional fiber texture and <100> Directional fiber texture, where <112> Directional fiber texture area accounts for 60%-80%, <100> The fiber texture area accounts for 10%-15%.

7. The silicon bronze alloy rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction coefficient of the silicon bronze alloy rod is 0.1-0.2, the tensile strength is ≥500MPa, the elongation is ≥20%, and the weight loss of the corrosion resistance is 0.8-1.2mg / cm 2 .

8. A method for preparing a silicon bronze alloy rod according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The process flow of the preparation method includes: Melting → semi-continuous casting → extrusion → stretching → finished product annealing; The silicon bronze alloy rod is prepared and smelted according to the mass percentage of each component; The extrusion temperature is 750-950°C, the extrusion ratio is 7-108, and the extrusion speed is 3-14 mm / s; The processing rate of the wire blank to the finished product specification is 20%-50%.

9. The method for preparing the silicon bronze alloy rod according to claim 8, characterized in that: The finished product is annealed in a bright bell furnace, the annealing temperature of the finished product is 300-450°C, and the annealing time is 3-5h.

10. Use of the silicon bronze alloy rod according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in springs, spring parts, worms, worm gears, bushings, brake pins and rod parts.

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