A suspension device and a suspension method for the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of road construction, and in particular relates to a suspension device and a suspension method for the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge, including: a suspension plate, at the upper end of which two lifting rings are welded; a fixing mechanism for fixing formworks of different lengths, the fixing mechanism includes two sliding grooves symmetrically opened at the lower end of the suspension plate, a vertical plate is slidably connected in each sliding groove, and a telescopic plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of each vertical plate. By setting the fixing mechanism, before suspension, the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of the bridge is placed below the two vertical plates. The threaded rod is rotated by the first motor to make the two vertical plates move away from or close to each other. The two sides of the formwork are fixed and locked by a plurality of first self-locking hooks on both sides, and the position of the suspension points on both sides can be adjusted in real time according to the length of the formwork, improving the stability during suspension and the quality of subsequent concrete pouring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of road construction, and particularly relates to a suspension device and a suspension method for the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge. Background Art

[0002] The cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge is an important tool for pouring wet joint concrete during bridge construction. It is usually made of materials such as steel plates and plywood, and needs to be customized according to the size and shape of the wet joint. During the cast-in-place construction of a bridge, due to the existence of multiple pouring sections, the joints between adjacent two pouring sections need to be accurately butted. The cast-in-place wet joint formwork is required to ensure that the joints of the bridge maintain the correct shape, avoid non-dense joints or position deviations. At the same time, the cast-in-place wet joint formwork can effectively prevent concrete overflow, thereby keeping the joint area clean and ensuring the quality after pouring.

[0003] In order to facilitate construction operations, ensure the installation accuracy and stability of the formwork, and adapt to the characteristics of the bridge structure, the cast-in-place wet joint formwork often needs to be suspended during use. However, when the existing suspension devices suspend the cast-in-place wet joint formwork, the following technical problems often exist:

[0004] 1. During the suspension process, the length of the formwork needs to be adjusted and replaced in real time according to the length of the joint. However, the existing suspension devices cannot adjust the position of the suspension points in real time according to the length of the formwork, resulting in instability of the formwork during the suspension process, affecting the stability of the formwork after suspension, and further affecting the quality of subsequent concrete pouring.

[0005] 2. During the concrete pouring process, it is necessary to vibrate it to ensure the density and strength of the concrete pouring. However, due to the different lengths of the formwork during use, and the existing vibrators cannot adjust the vibration range in real time according to the length of the formwork, resulting in the vibration range being too large or too small. When the length of the formwork is small and the vibration range is too large, the concrete is easily over-perturbed, the coarse aggregate sinks under the action of gravity, while the cement paste and fine aggregate float, resulting in uneven distribution of the various components of the concrete and segregation phenomenon. When the length of the formwork is large and the vibration range is too small, the concrete cannot be vibrated sufficiently, the internal air bubbles are difficult to be completely discharged, and the concrete in some areas cannot be filled evenly, resulting in defects such as honeycombing, pockmarks, and holes, affecting the stability, durability, and load-bearing capacity of the bridge structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems proposed in the above background art, and provide a suspension device and a suspension method for the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge, which can adjust the positions of the suspension points on both sides in real time according to the length of the formwork, and improve the stability during the suspension process.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A suspension device for a cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge, comprising:

[0009] A suspension plate, at the upper end of which two lifting rings are welded;

[0010] A fixing mechanism for fixing formworks of different lengths. The fixing mechanism includes two sliding grooves symmetrically opened at the lower end of the suspension plate. A vertical plate is slidably connected in each sliding groove. At the lower end of each vertical plate, a telescopic plate is fixedly connected. At the lower end of each telescopic plate, a plurality of first self-locking hooks distributed in a linear array are fixedly connected. A threaded rod is rotatably connected in the suspension plate. The parts of the threaded rod extending into the two sliding grooves are provided with threads with opposite spiral directions. Each vertical plate is respectively threadedly connected to the threads on both sides of the threaded rod. One end of the suspension plate is fixedly connected with a first motor, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with the threaded rod;

[0011] A vibrating mechanism for vibrating concrete during the pouring process. The vibrating mechanism includes a cross plate arranged between the two vertical plates. At the lower end of the cross plate, a second motor is fixedly connected. A worm is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor. A first gear is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the worm. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the center position at the lower end of the cross plate. A vibrating block is arranged on the rotating rod. A toothed ring meshing with the first gear is fixedly connected to the rotating rod;

[0012] A range adjusting mechanism for adjusting the vibrating range of concrete according to the length of the formwork.

[0013] Preferably, the range adjusting mechanism includes a liquid storage cavity opened inside the cross plate. Two symmetrically arranged first piston blocks are hermetically slidably connected in the liquid storage cavity. On the side walls of the two first piston blocks away from each other, a sliding rod is fixedly connected. The two sliding rods are respectively movably connected to the two vertical plates. A transmission cavity communicated with the liquid storage cavity is opened inside the rotating rod. A second piston block is hermetically slidably connected in the transmission cavity. An L-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second piston block. A limiting groove is opened on the outer wall of the rotating rod. The L-shaped rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove. A push rod is slidably connected through the lower side of the rotating rod. The vibrating block is fixedly connected to the push rod. A first hinge seat is arranged at the end of the push rod away from the vibrating block. A second hinge seat is arranged on the part of the L-shaped rod extending out of the limiting groove. A connecting rod is hinged between the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat.

[0014] Preferably, a liquid storage space is formed between the transmission cavity and the liquid storage cavity, and the liquid storage space is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0015] Preferably, a height adjusting mechanism is further provided below the suspension plate for continuously adjusting the height of the vibrating block during the concrete pouring process. The height adjusting mechanism includes a support rod fixedly connected to the lower end of the cross plate. A transmission rod is rotatably connected through the support rod. A rack is fixedly connected to the lower end of the suspension plate. A second gear is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rod close to the rack. The second gear meshes with the rack. A worm gear meshing with the worm is fixedly connected to the other end of the transmission rod away from the rack.

[0016] Preferably, side grooves are formed on one side of each of the two vertical plates close to the cross plate, and the two slide rods are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the two side grooves in the vertical direction.

[0017] Preferably, a self-balancing mechanism is further provided on the suspension plate for automatically balancing the formwork when the formwork tilts. The self-balancing mechanism includes a strip-shaped groove formed in the upper end of the suspension plate. A counterweight block is slidably connected in the strip-shaped groove. Springs are provided between both ends of the counterweight block and the inner wall of the strip-shaped groove. First electromagnets are provided on both side walls of the counterweight block. Second electromagnets are provided on both inner walls of the strip-shaped groove. When the first electromagnets and the second electromagnets are energized, the same poles repel each other. A piezoresistor is provided on one side wall of each second electromagnet close to the counterweight block. The telescopic plate includes a fixed outer plate and a telescopic inner plate slidably connected to the bottom end of the fixed outer plate. A hydraulic cylinder is provided inside the telescopic plate. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the telescopic inner plate. A PLC control panel is provided on one outer wall of the suspension plate. The PLC control panel controls the telescopic degree of the hydraulic cylinder according to the circuit output signal of the circuit where the piezoresistor is located.

[0018] Preferably, a magnetic shielding cover is fixedly connected to the upper end of the suspension plate. The counterweight block, the first electromagnet, the second electromagnet, the piezoresistor and the spring are all located inside the magnetic shielding cover.

[0019] A suspension method applied to the above suspension device includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Formwork fixing: Place the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of the bridge below the two vertical plates. Drive the threaded rod to rotate through the first motor, so that the two vertical plates move away from or close to each other until the distance between the two vertical plates is 20-30 mm greater than the length of the formwork. Fix and lock the two sides of the formwork through a plurality of first self-locking hooks on both sides.

[0021] S2. Vibration range adjustment: The distance between the two vertical plates can be adjusted according to the length of the formwork. When the formwork is longer, the distance between the two vertical plates is larger, driving the distance between the two first piston blocks to be larger. The hydraulic oil in the transmission cavity enters the liquid storage cavity, so that the relative distance between the vibrating block and the rotating rod is larger. When the formwork is longer, the vibration range of the vibrating block during rotation for the concrete is correspondingly increased.

[0022] S3. Formwork suspension: Lock and fix the two lifting rings on the suspension plate through the additionally provided second self-locking hook, and then use an electric hoist to lift the second self-locking hook, the suspension plate, and the formwork below the suspension plate, so that the formwork is suspended at the joint between two adjacent casting sections;

[0023] S4. Vibration treatment: Pour the concrete onto the formwork. During this process, start the second motor to drive the worm and the first gear to rotate. Further, under the action of the gear ring, drive the rotating rod to rotate, so that the vibrating block can rotate to vibrate the concrete;

[0024] S5. Vibration height adjustment: During the vibration process, the rotation of the worm will drive the transmission rod to rotate through the worm wheel. Furthermore, the second gear on the transmission rod will move upward along the rack, driving the cross plate to move upward in the vertical direction, so that the vibrating block can continuously move upward during the casting and vibration process;

[0025] S6. Self-balancing treatment: During the casting process, when the suspension plate shakes slightly and drives the formwork to tilt slightly, the tilt of the suspension plate will cause the position of the counterweight block in the strip groove to change, controlling the expansion and contraction degree of the hydraulic cylinders in the two telescopic plates. When the suspension plate drives the formwork to tilt, the hydraulic cylinder on the downward-tilting side contracts, while the hydraulic cylinder on the upward-tilting side extends, so that the formwork can still remain horizontal when the suspension plate shakes and tilts.

[0026] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the suspension device and the suspension method for the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of the bridge are as follows:

[0027] 1. By setting the fixing mechanism in the present invention, before suspension, place the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of the bridge under the two vertical plates, drive the threaded rod to rotate through the first motor, make the two vertical plates move away from or close to each other, and fix and lock the two sides of the formwork through multiple first self-locking hooks on both sides, which can adjust the position of the suspension points on both sides in real time according to the length of the formwork, improve the stability during the suspension process, and improve the subsequent concrete casting quality.

[0028] 2. By setting the vibration mechanism in the present invention, during the concrete casting process, start the second motor to drive the worm and the first gear to rotate. Further, under the action of the gear ring, drive the rotating rod to rotate, so that the vibrating block can rotate to vibrate the concrete, thereby discharging the air bubbles inside the concrete, improving the density of the concrete, ensuring the close combination of the concrete and the bridge structure, and enhancing the integrity of the structure.

[0029] 3. The present invention is provided with a range adjustment mechanism. Since the distance between the two vertical plates can be adjusted according to the length of the formwork, when the formwork is longer, the distance between the two vertical plates is larger, the distance between the two first piston blocks is greater, and the relative distance between the vibrating block and the rotating rod is larger. When the formwork is longer, the vibrating range of the vibrating block during rotation for the concrete is correspondingly increased, avoiding the situation of too large or too small vibrating range. It can not only vibrate the concrete sufficiently to completely discharge the air bubbles in the concrete, but also avoid excessive disturbance and prevent the occurrence of segregation phenomenon, improving the stability, durability and bearing capacity of the bridge structure.

[0030] 4. The present invention is provided with a height adjustment mechanism. During the vibrating process, the rotation of the worm will drive the transmission rod to rotate through the worm wheel, driving the cross plate to move upward in the vertical direction, so that the vibrating block can continuously move upward during the casting and vibrating process. As the concrete is continuously cast, the vibrating height of the vibrating block is continuously increased, further improving the compactness of the concrete casting.

[0031] 5. The present invention is provided with a self-balancing mechanism. During the pouring process, when the suspension plate shakes slightly and drives the formwork to tilt slightly, the tilt of the suspension plate will cause the position of the counterweight block in the strip groove to change, causing the hydraulic cylinder on the downward-tilting side to contract and the hydraulic cylinder on the upward-tilting side to extend, so that the formwork can still remain horizontal when the suspension plate shakes and tilts, thereby realizing the self-balancing treatment of the formwork and improving the quality of concrete casting and the docking quality of bridge joints. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of another angle of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged view of part A in

[0035] Figure 4 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the cross plate in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 is the partial cross-sectional view of the suspension plate in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the enlarged view of part B in

[0038] Figure 7 is Figure 5 the enlarged view of part C in

[0039] In the figure: 1. Suspension plate; 11. Suspension ring; 2. Fixing mechanism; 21. Slide groove; 22. Vertical plate; 23. Telescopic plate; 24. First self-locking hook; 25. Threaded rod; 26. First motor; 3. Vibrating mechanism; 31. Horizontal plate; 32. Second motor; 33. Worm; 34. First gear; 35. Rotating rod; 36. Vibrating block; 37. Tooth ring; 4. Range adjustment mechanism; 41. Liquid storage cavity; 42. First piston block; 43. Slide rod; 44. Transmission cavity; 45. Second piston block; 46. L-shaped rod; 47. Limit groove; 48. Push rod; 49. First hinge seat; 410. Second hinge seat; 411. Connecting rod; 5. Height adjustment mechanism; 51. Support rod; 52. Transmission rod; 53. Rack; 54. Second gear; 55. Worm gear; 6. Side groove; 7. Self-balancing mechanism; 71. Strip-shaped groove; 72. Counterweight; 73. Spring; 74. First electromagnet; 75. Second electromagnet; 76. Pressure-sensitive resistor; 77. Fixed outer plate; 78. Telescopic inner plate; 79. Hydraulic cylinder; 710. PLC control panel; 8. Magnetic shielding cover. Detailed implementation mode

[0040] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment: Refer to Figures 1 to 7 , a suspension device for the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge, comprising:

[0042] A suspension plate 1, and two suspension rings 11 are welded to the upper end of the suspension plate 1;

[0043] Specifically, two sets of electric hoists and second self-locking hooks (not marked in the figure) are additionally arranged above the suspension plate 1. The connection method between the second self-locking hook and the suspension ring 11 is the same as the connection method between the first self-locking hook 24 and the suspension point position on the side wall of the formwork, and will not be elaborated here. The electric hoist can be fixedly installed on two adjacent pouring sections of the bridge structure through a support rod.

[0044] Specifically, the self-locking hook is made of high-strength steel and has a unique locking structure. The main body of the hook is "L"-shaped, with a rotatable locking tongue at one end, and anti-slip teeth on the locking tongue. When the hook catches the formwork suspension point, the locking tongue automatically rotates and fastens under the action of a spring, and the anti-slip teeth tightly bite the formwork surface to prevent the hook from sliding. In terms of the fixing method, multiple first self-locking hooks 24 at the lower end of each telescopic plate 23 are evenly distributed, and the tightening force of the hook is adjusted according to the thickness and material of the formwork. For thinner formworks, a smaller tightening force is used to avoid damaging the formwork; for thicker and harder formworks, the tightening force is appropriately increased to ensure firm fixation.

[0045] Fixing mechanism 2 is used to fix templates of different lengths. The fixing mechanism 2 includes two chutes 21 symmetrically opened at the lower end of the suspension plate 1. A vertical plate 22 is slidably connected in each chute 21. A telescopic plate 23 is fixedly connected to the lower end of each vertical plate 22. A plurality of first self-locking hooks 24 distributed in a linear array are fixedly connected to the lower end of each telescopic plate 23. A threaded rod 25 is rotatably connected in the suspension plate 1. The part of the threaded rod 25 extending into the two chutes 21 is provided with threads with opposite spiral directions. Each vertical plate 22 is respectively threadedly connected to the threads on both sides of the threaded rod 25. One end of the suspension plate 1 is fixedly connected to a first motor 26. The output end of the first motor 26 is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 25;

[0046] Aiming at the problem that the hanging point position cannot be adjusted in real time according to the length of the template in the prior art, resulting in the instability of the template during the suspension process, the present invention sets the fixing mechanism 2. Before suspension, the cast-in-place wet joint template of the bridge is placed under the two vertical plates 22. The first motor 26 is driven to rotate the threaded rod 25, so that the two vertical plates 22 move away from or close to each other. The two sides of the template are fixed and locked by a plurality of first self-locking hooks 24 on both sides, and the hanging point positions on both sides can be adjusted in real time according to the length of the template, improving the stability during the suspension process and the subsequent concrete pouring quality.

[0047] Vibrating mechanism 3 is used to vibrate the concrete during the pouring process. The vibrating mechanism 3 includes a cross plate 31 arranged between the two vertical plates 22. A second motor 32 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the cross plate 31. A worm 33 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 32. A first gear 34 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the worm 33. A rotating rod 35 is rotatably connected to the center position at the lower end of the cross plate 31. A vibrating block 36 is arranged on the rotating rod 35. A tooth ring 37 meshing with the first gear 34 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 35;

[0048] Specifically, through the transmission cooperation mode of the worm 33 and the worm wheel 55, the transmission efficiency can be reduced, so that when the rotating rod 35 rotates and vibrates, the rising speed of the cross plate 31 is slower, improving the stability of the equipment.

[0049] It is worth mentioning that the present invention sets the vibrating mechanism 3. During the concrete pouring process, the second motor 32 is turned on to drive the worm 33 and the first gear 34 to rotate. Further, under the action of the tooth ring 37, the rotating rod 35 is driven to rotate, so that the vibrating block 36 can rotate to vibrate the concrete, thereby discharging the air bubbles inside the concrete, improving the density of the concrete, ensuring the close combination of the concrete and the bridge structure, and enhancing the integrity of the structure.

[0050] Range adjustment mechanism 4 is used to adjust the vibration range for concrete according to the length of the template. The range adjustment mechanism 4 includes a liquid storage cavity 41 opened inside the cross plate 31. Two symmetrically arranged first piston blocks 42 are hermetically and slidably connected in the liquid storage cavity 41. On the side walls of the two first piston blocks 42 facing away from each other, sliding rods 43 are fixedly connected respectively. The two sliding rods 43 are respectively movably connected to the two vertical plates 22. A transmission cavity 44 communicating with the liquid storage cavity 41 is opened inside the rotating rod 35. A second piston block 45 is hermetically and slidably connected in the transmission cavity 44. A bottom end of the second piston block 45 is fixedly connected with an L-shaped rod 46. A limiting groove 47 is opened on the outer wall of the rotating rod 35. The L-shaped rod 46 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove 47. A push rod 48 is slidably connected through the lower side of the rotating rod 35. The vibrating block 36 is fixedly connected with the push rod 48. A first hinge seat 49 is arranged at one end of the push rod 48 away from the vibrating block 36. A second hinge seat 410 is arranged on the part of the L-shaped rod 46 extending outside the limiting groove 47. A connecting rod 411 is hinged between the first hinge seat 49 and the second hinge seat 410.

[0051] Specifically, a liquid storage space is formed between the transmission cavity 44 and the liquid storage cavity 41, and the liquid storage space is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0052] In view of the situation in the prior art that the vibrator cannot adjust the vibration range in real time according to the length of the template, resulting in the vibration range being too large or too small, the present invention sets the range adjustment mechanism 4. Since the distance between the two vertical plates 22 can be adjusted according to the length of the template, when the template is longer, the distance between the two vertical plates 22 is larger. The distance between the two first piston blocks 42 is driven by the sliding rods 43 to be larger, so that the hydraulic oil in the transmission cavity 44 can enter the liquid storage cavity 41. The second piston block 45 in the transmission cavity 44 drives the L-shaped rod 46 to displace a larger distance upward. Further, under the action of the first hinge seat 49, the second hinge seat 410 and the connecting rod 411, the relative distance between the vibrating block 36 and the rotating rod 35 is larger. When the template is longer, the vibration range of the vibrating block 36 during rotation for the concrete is correspondingly increased, so that the vibration range increases synchronously with the increase of the template length, avoiding the situation that the vibration range is too large or too small. It can not only vibrate the concrete sufficiently and completely discharge the air bubbles in the concrete, but also avoid excessive disturbance and prevent the occurrence of segregation phenomenon, improving the stability, durability and bearing capacity of the bridge structure.

[0053] A height adjustment mechanism 5 is further provided below the suspension plate 1 for continuously adjusting the height of the vibrating block 36 during the concrete pouring process. The height adjustment mechanism 5 includes a support rod 51 fixedly connected to the lower end of the cross plate 31. A transmission rod 52 is rotatably connected through the support rod 51. A rack 53 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the suspension plate 1. A second gear 54 is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rod 52 close to the rack 53. The second gear 54 meshes with the rack 53. A worm gear 55 meshing with the worm 33 is fixedly connected to the other end of the transmission rod 52 away from the rack 53.

[0054] Specifically, side grooves 6 are opened on one side of each of the two vertical plates 22 close to the cross plate 31. The two sliding rods 43 are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the two side grooves 6 in the vertical direction. The side grooves 6 can limit the sliding rods 43, so that the cross plate 31 can only move vertically between the two vertical plates 22.

[0055] In order to further improve the density during the concrete pouring process, the present invention is provided with a height adjustment mechanism 5. During the vibration process, the rotation of the worm 33 will drive the transmission rod 52 to rotate through the worm gear 55, so that the second gear 54 on the transmission rod 52 moves upward along the rack 53, driving the cross plate 31 to move upward in the vertical direction, so that the vibrating block 36 can continuously move upward during the pouring and vibrating process, and continuously improve the vibrating height of the vibrating block 36 as the concrete is continuously poured, further improving the density of the concrete pouring.

[0056] A self-balancing mechanism 7 is further provided on the suspension plate 1 for automatically balancing the formwork when the formwork is tilted. The self-balancing mechanism 7 includes a strip-shaped groove 71 opened on the upper end of the suspension plate 1. A counterweight 72 is slidably connected in the strip-shaped groove 71. Springs 73 are provided between both ends of the counterweight 72 and the inner wall of the strip-shaped groove 71. First electromagnets 74 are provided on both side walls of the counterweight 72. Second electromagnets 75 are provided on both inner walls of the strip-shaped groove 71. When the first electromagnets 74 and the second electromagnets 75 are energized, the same poles repel each other. A pressure-sensitive resistor 76 is provided on one side wall of each second electromagnet 75 close to the counterweight 72. The telescopic plate 23 includes a fixed outer plate 77 and a telescopic inner plate 78 slidably connected to the bottom end of the fixed outer plate 77. A hydraulic cylinder 79 is provided inside the telescopic plate 23. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 79 is fixedly connected to the telescopic inner plate 78. A PLC control panel 710 is provided on the outer wall of one side of the suspension plate 1. The PLC control panel 710 controls the telescopic degree of the hydraulic cylinder 79 according to the circuit output signal of the circuit where the pressure-sensitive resistor 76 is located.

[0057] Specifically, a magnetic isolation cover 8 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the suspension plate 1, and the counterweight 72, the first electromagnet 74, the second electromagnet 75, the varistor 76 and the spring 73 are all located inside the magnetic isolation cover 8. Through the setting of the magnetic isolation cover 8, the external environment can be prevented from affecting the magnetic repulsion force between the first electromagnet 74 and the second electromagnet 75.

[0058] Specifically, the displacement of the template during the self-balancing process is always within the allowable deviation range during the concrete pouring process, preventing the adjustment of the template from affecting the construction.

[0059] Specifically, the magnitude of the electromagnet magnetic force is related to the magnitude of the current, the number of coil turns, the core material, etc. When other conditions remain unchanged, according to the Ampere force formula and the related theory of electromagnet magnetic force, when the first electromagnet 74 and the second electromagnet 75 approach each other, they will repel each other, and the closer the distance, the greater the repulsive force.

[0060] Specifically, when the magnetic repulsion between the first electromagnet 74 and the second electromagnet changes, the pressure on the piezoresistor 76 will change, and the resistance of the piezoresistor 76 will change accordingly, and the resistance change will be further converted into an electrical signal, so that the PLC control panel 710 can control the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 79 by controlling the electromagnetic reversing valve of the hydraulic cylinder 79. When the template is tilted, the first electromagnet 74 on one side will be close to the second electromagnet 75, the magnetic repulsion will increase, and the resistance of the piezoresistor 76 on this side will change. The circuit output signal controls the hydraulic cylinder 79 on this side to contract and pull up the lower side of the template. At the same time, the first electromagnet 74 on the other side moves away from the second electromagnet 75, and the change in the resistance of the piezoresistor 76 on the other side controls the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 79 on the other side to lower the higher side of the template, thereby achieving self-balancing of the template.

[0061] Furthermore, the PLC control panel 710 first collects and A / D converts the analog signal of the varistor 76, converts it into a digital signal, and then processes the digital signal through a preset proportional-integral-differential (PID) control algorithm. According to the processing result, the expansion and contraction amount of the hydraulic cylinder 79 to be controlled is calculated, and the control command is sent to the electromagnetic reversing valve of the hydraulic cylinder 79 through the output interface to achieve precise control of the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 79. A threshold is set in the programming logic. When the template inclination angle is less than a certain threshold, the self-balancing adjustment is not started to avoid frequent adjustments due to small shaking affecting the stability of the system; when the inclination angle exceeds the threshold, the adjustment program is quickly started to ensure the stability of the template.

[0062] In addition, the present invention provides a self-balancing mechanism 7. During the pouring process, when the suspension plate 1 shakes slightly and causes the template to tilt slightly, the tilt of the suspension plate 1 will cause the position of the counterweight block 72 in the strip groove 71 to change, causing the magnetic repulsion between the first electromagnet 74 on both sides of the counterweight block 72 and the second electromagnet 75 at the corresponding position to change, causing the force of the magnetic repulsion force applied to the varistor 76 to change, causing the circuit output signal of the circuit where the varistor 76 is located to change, thereby controlling the degree of expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 79 in the expansion plates 23 on both sides to change. When the suspension plate 1 causes the template to tilt, the hydraulic cylinder 79 on the downward side is contracted, while the hydraulic cylinder 79 on the upward side is extended, so that the template can still remain horizontal when the suspension plate 1 shakes and tilts, thereby realizing self-balancing of the template and improving the quality of concrete pouring and the docking quality of bridge joints.

[0063] A suspension method applied to the above suspension device comprises the following steps:

[0064] S1. Fixing the formwork: placing the bridge cast-in-place wet joint formwork under the two vertical plates 22, driving the threaded rod 25 to rotate by the first motor 26, so that the two vertical plates 22 move away from or towards each other, until the distance between the two vertical plates 22 is greater than the length of the formwork by 20-30 mm, and fixing and locking the two sides of the formwork by multiple first self-locking hooks 24 on both sides;

[0065] S2. Adjustment of vibration range: The distance between the two vertical plates 22 can be adjusted according to the length of the template. When the template is longer, the distance between the two vertical plates 22 is larger, which drives the distance between the two first piston blocks 42 to be larger, and the hydraulic oil in the transmission chamber 44 can enter the liquid storage chamber 41, so that the relative distance between the vibration block 36 and the rotating rod 35 is larger. When the template is longer, the vibration range of the concrete when the vibration block 36 rotates is correspondingly increased;

[0066] S3, template suspension: two lifting rings 11 on the suspension plate 1 are locked and fixed by a second self-locking hook provided separately, and then the second self-locking hook, the suspension plate 1 and the template below the suspension plate 1 are lifted by an electric hoist, so that the template is suspended to the joint between two adjacent casting sections;

[0067] S4, vibrating treatment: pouring concrete on the formwork, during which the second motor 32 is turned on to drive the worm 33 and the first gear 34 to rotate, and further the rotating rod 35 is driven to rotate under the action of the gear ring 37, so that the vibrating block 36 can rotate to vibrate the concrete;

[0068] S5. Vibration height adjustment: During the vibration process, the rotation of the worm 33 will drive the rotation of the transmission rod 52 through the worm wheel 55, and then the second gear 54 on the transmission rod 52 will move upward along the rack 53, driving the cross plate 31 to move upward in the vertical direction, so that the vibration block 36 can continuously move upward during the pouring and vibration process;

[0069] S6. Self-balancing treatment: During the pouring process, when the suspension plate 1 shakes slightly and drives the formwork to tilt slightly, the tilt of the suspension plate 1 will cause the position of the counterweight 72 in the strip groove 71 to change, controlling the telescopic degree of the hydraulic cylinders 79 in the two telescopic plates 23 to change. When the suspension plate 1 drives the formwork to tilt, the hydraulic cylinder 79 on the downward-tilting side contracts, while the hydraulic cylinder 79 on the upward-tilting side extends, so that the formwork can still remain horizontal when the suspension plate 1 shakes and tilts.

[0070] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A suspension device for the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge, characterized in that, Including: A suspension plate (1), with two hanging rings (11) welded to the upper end of the suspension plate (1); A fixing mechanism (2) for fixing templates of different lengths. The fixing mechanism (2) includes two sliding grooves (21) symmetrically opened at the lower end of the suspension plate (1). A vertical plate (22) is slidably connected in each sliding groove (21). A telescopic plate (23) is fixedly connected to the lower end of each vertical plate (22). A plurality of first self-locking hooks (24) distributed in a linear array are fixedly connected to the lower end of each telescopic plate (23). A threaded rod (25) is rotatably connected in the suspension plate (1). The part of the threaded rod (25) extending into the two sliding grooves (21) is provided with threads with opposite spiral directions. Each vertical plate (22) is respectively threadedly connected to the threads on both sides of the threaded rod (25). One end of the suspension plate (1) is fixedly connected to a first motor (26), and the output end of the first motor (26) is fixedly connected to the threaded rod (25); A vibrating mechanism (3) for vibrating concrete during pouring. The vibrating mechanism (3) includes a cross plate (31) arranged between the two vertical plates (22). A second motor (32) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the cross plate (31). A worm (33) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (32). A first gear (34) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the worm (33). A rotating rod (35) is rotatably connected to the center position of the lower end of the cross plate (31). A vibrating block (36) is arranged on the rotating rod (35). A toothed ring (37) meshing with the first gear (34) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (35); A range adjustment mechanism (4) for adjusting the vibrating range of concrete according to the length of the template. The range adjustment mechanism (4) includes a liquid storage cavity (41) opened inside the cross plate (31). Two symmetrically arranged first piston blocks (42) are hermetically slidably connected in the liquid storage cavity (41). A sliding rod (43) is fixedly connected to the side wall of each of the two first piston blocks (42) away from each other. The two sliding rods (43) are respectively movably connected to the two vertical plates (22). A transmission cavity (44) communicating with the liquid storage cavity (41) is opened inside the rotating rod (35). A second piston block (45) is hermetically slidably connected in the transmission cavity (44). An L-shaped rod (46) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second piston block (45). A limiting groove (47) is opened on the outer wall of the rotating rod (35). The L-shaped rod (46) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove (47). A push rod (48) is slidably connected through the lower side of the rotating rod (35). The vibrating block (36) is fixedly connected to the push rod (48). A first hinge seat (49) is arranged at the end of the push rod (48) away from the vibrating block (36). A second hinge seat (410) is arranged on the part of the L-shaped rod (46) extending outside the limiting groove (47). A connecting rod (411) is hinged between the first hinge seat (49) and the second hinge seat (410); A liquid storage space is formed between the transmission cavity (44) and the liquid storage cavity (41), and the liquid storage space is filled with hydraulic oil.

2. The suspension device for the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, A height adjustment mechanism (5) is further provided below the suspension plate (1) for continuously adjusting the height of the vibrating block (36) during the concrete pouring process. The height adjustment mechanism (5) includes a support rod (51) fixedly connected to the lower end of the cross plate (31). A transmission rod (52) is rotatably connected through the support rod (51). A rack (53) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the suspension plate (1). A second gear (54) is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rod (52) close to the rack (53). The second gear (54) meshes with the rack (53). A worm gear (55) meshing with the worm (33) is fixedly connected to the other end of the transmission rod (52) away from the rack (53).

3. The suspension device for the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that, Side grooves (6) are formed on one side of each of the two vertical plates (22) close to the cross plate (31). Two sliding rods (43) are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the two side grooves (6) in the vertical direction.

4. The suspension device for the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that A self-balancing mechanism (7) is further provided on the suspension plate (1) for automatically balancing the formwork when the formwork tilts. The self-balancing mechanism (7) includes a strip-shaped groove (71) formed in the upper end of the suspension plate (1). A counterweight block (72) is slidably connected in the strip-shaped groove (71). Springs (73) are provided between both ends of the counterweight block (72) and the inner walls of the strip-shaped groove (71). First electromagnets (74) are provided on both side walls of the counterweight block (72). Second electromagnets (75) are provided on both inner walls of the strip-shaped groove (71). When the first electromagnets (74) and the second electromagnets (75) are energized, the same poles repel each other. A varistor (76) is provided on one side wall of each second electromagnet (75) close to the counterweight block (72). The telescopic plate (23) includes a fixed outer plate (77) and a telescopic inner plate (78) slidably connected to the bottom end of the fixed outer plate (77). A hydraulic cylinder (79) is provided inside the telescopic plate (23). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (79) is fixedly connected to the telescopic inner plate (78). A PLC control panel (710) is provided on one outer wall of the suspension plate (1). The PLC control panel (710) controls the telescopic degree of the hydraulic cylinder (79) according to the circuit output signal of the circuit where the varistor (76) is located.

5. The suspension device for the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of a bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that, A magnetic isolation cover (8) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the suspension plate (1). The counterweight block (72), the first electromagnet (74), the second electromagnet (75), the varistor (76) and the spring (73) are all located inside the magnetic isolation cover (8).

6. A suspension method using the suspension device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that Including the following steps: S1. Formwork fixation: Place the cast-in-place wet joint formwork of the bridge under the two vertical plates (22). Drive the threaded rod (25) to rotate through the first motor (26) to make the two vertical plates (22) move away from or close to each other until the distance between the two vertical plates (22) is 20 - 30 mm greater than the length of the formwork. Fix and lock both sides of the formwork through a plurality of first self-locking hooks (24) on both sides; S2. Vibration range adjustment: The distance between the two vertical plates (22) can be adjusted according to the length of the formwork. When the formwork is longer, the distance between the two vertical plates (22) is greater, driving the distance between the two first piston blocks (42) to be greater. The hydraulic oil in the transmission cavity (44) can enter the liquid storage cavity (41), making the relative distance between the vibration block (36) and the rotating rod (35) greater, and correspondingly increasing the vibration range of the vibration block (36) during rotation for the concrete when the formwork is longer. S3. Formwork suspension: The two lifting rings (11) on the suspension plate (1) are locked and fixed by additionally provided second self-locking hooks, and then the second self-locking hooks, the suspension plate (1), and the formwork below the suspension plate (1) are lifted by an electric hoist, so that the formwork is suspended at the joint between two adjacent pouring sections. S4. Vibration treatment: The concrete is poured onto the formwork. During this process, the second motor (32) is turned on to drive the worm (33) and the first gear (34) to rotate. Further, under the action of the toothed ring (37), the rotating rod (35) is driven to rotate, so that the vibration block (36) can rotate to vibrate the concrete. S5. Vibration height adjustment: During the vibration process, the rotation of the worm (33) will drive the transmission rod (52) to rotate through the worm wheel (55). Furthermore, the second gear (54) on the transmission rod (52) moves upward along the rack (53), driving the cross plate (31) to move upward in the vertical direction, so that the vibration block (36) can continuously move upward during the pouring and vibration process. S6. Self-balancing treatment: During the pouring process, when the suspension plate (1) shakes slightly and drives the formwork to tilt slightly, the tilt of the suspension plate (1) will cause the position of the counterweight block (72) in the strip-shaped groove (71) to change, controlling the expansion and contraction degree of the hydraulic cylinders (79) in the two telescopic plates (23). When the suspension plate (1) drives the formwork to tilt, the hydraulic cylinder (79) on the downward-tilting side contracts, while the hydraulic cylinder (79) on the upward-tilting side extends, so that the formwork can still remain horizontal when the suspension plate (1) shakes and tilts.

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