Switch and fracturing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of unconventional oil and gas well fracturing tools, and is a switching switch and a fracturing device. The former includes an input pipe, a connecting pipe, an air inlet pipe, a check valve, an air vent switch, and an axial expansion switch. The input pipe is hermetically sleeved inside the upper part of the connecting pipe, and the air inlet pipe is fixedly installed inside the lower part of the connecting pipe. A check valve is provided inside the air inlet pipe. The structure of the present invention is reasonable and compact. By providing the air inlet pipe, it is convenient to fill the pressurized medium into the connecting pipe below the air inlet pipe, and it is also convenient to install the check valve. At the same time, it can also support the first elastic reset member. By providing the first elastic reset member, the first elastic reset member can press against the lower end of the air vent switch through the support rod, so that the lower end of the input pipe is not connected to the upper end of the air inlet pipe. By providing the check valve, it can ensure the stability of the pressure of the pressurized medium in the connecting pipe below the air inlet pipe, and can also prevent the leakage of the pressurized medium in the connecting pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fracturing tools for unconventional oil and gas wells, and is a switching switch and a fracturing device. Background Art

[0002] There are various types of world oil and gas resources, which are widely distributed. Scientists use a "pyramid" to describe their distribution characteristics. At the upper part of the "pyramid" are oil and gas reservoirs with good oil and gas quality, good permeability, high porosity, good connectivity, and easy to be exploited by conventional technologies, which are called conventional oil and gas reservoirs; the lower the "pyramid", the worse the oil and gas quality, the worse the fluidity, the lower the porosity, no natural production capacity, and the oil and gas reservoirs that cannot be produced, are difficult to exploit or have poor exploitation efficiency by existing technologies, which are called unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Unconventional oil and gas mainly include resources such as tight oil (shale oil), tight sandstone gas (tight carbonate gas), shale gas, coalbed methane, oil sand oil, etc.

[0003] The existing recoverable conventional oil and gas resources can no longer meet the needs of the rapid economic development, and the development of unconventional oil and gas resources has gradually been put on the agenda. At present, the development of unconventional energy sources such as shale gas, tight sandstone gas, and coalbed methane generally adopts the conventional hydraulic fracturing method and has achieved certain development effects. However, this method has problems such as difficult fracturing fluid backflow, large water resource consumption, and serious reservoir pollution. Therefore, in recent years, people have begun to study new types of waterless fracturing methods, aiming to reduce the water usage and avoid the harm of additives in the fracturing fluid to the reservoir and the natural environment, and strive to obtain efficient and environmentally friendly fracturing development effects.

[0004] Carbon dioxide is one of the main components of air, colorless, odorless, non-toxic, cannot burn or support combustion, has a density greater than air under normal temperature and pressure, and can dissolve in water. When the temperature reaches 31.04 °C and the pressure reaches 7.38 Mpa, carbon dioxide will reach the supercritical state. Supercritical carbon dioxide is a special fluid different from gas and liquid. Its density is close to that of liquid, its viscosity is close to that of gas, its surface tension is close to zero, it is very easy to diffuse, and it has strong penetration ability and can enter any microspace larger than its molecular size.

[0005] The Chinese patent document with the publication number CN119554003A discloses an energy - concentrating fracturing tool, which includes an outer cylinder, a charging pipe, a gas storage tank, a telescopic sealing assembly and a switching assembly. An inner side of the upper end of the outer cylinder is fixedly installed with a charging pipe. A gas storage tank is sleeved inside the outer cylinder at a position corresponding to the lower part of the charging pipe. An air inlet cavity and a gas storage cavity which are closed are arranged at upper and lower intervals inside the gas storage tank. A switching hole with an upper end communicating with the lower part of the air inlet cavity is arranged in the middle of the gas storage tank, and a lower end of the switching hole communicates with the upper part of the gas storage cavity. A one - way valve capable of opening and closing the switching hole is arranged inside the gas storage cavity. Telescopic sealing assemblies capable of radially contracting are arranged at the upper and lower parts of the outer cylinder. A switching assembly is arranged between the outer side of the gas storage tank and the inner side of the outer cylinder. An outer air inlet channel communicating with the lower part of the charging pipe is arranged at the upper part of the switching assembly. An inner air inlet channel communicating with the air inlet cavity is arranged at the outer side of the upper part of the gas storage tank. An inner air outlet channel communicating with the gas storage cavity is arranged at the outer side of the lower part of the gas storage tank. An outer air outlet channel communicating inside and outside is arranged at the outer side of the lower part of the outer cylinder. After a pressurized medium is introduced into the charging pipe, the switching assembly can make the gas storage tank in an energy - charging state or an energy - discharging state. When the gas storage tank is in the energy - charging state, the outer air inlet channel is not communicated with the inner air inlet channel, the inner air outlet channel and the outer air outlet channel, the one - way valve is opened, the air inlet cavity and the gas storage cavity are communicated with each other, and the telescopic sealing assembly can retract inwards; when the gas storage tank is in the energy - discharging state, the outer air inlet channel is not communicated with the inner air inlet channel, the one - way valve is closed, the air inlet cavity and the gas storage cavity are not communicated with each other, the inner air outlet channel and the outer air outlet channel are communicated with each other, and the telescopic sealing assembly extends outwards and can be in sealing contact with the well wall.

[0006] The Chinese patent document with the publication number CN111911125A discloses an energy - concentrating fracturing tool, which includes: a housing having a cavity, the housing having an inlet end and an outlet end, and grooves being provided on the inner wall of the housing; a seal member disposed near the inlet end and a first elastic member disposed near the outlet end; the seal member being provided with a pin cooperating with the groove and a second elastic member for providing a thrust force to the pin; the pressure of the fracturing medium causes the pin to be sheared. When the seal member moves relative to the housing and compresses the first elastic member, the cavity is in a through - state, and the fracturing medium flows out from the outlet end; when the first elastic member and the second elastic member cooperate to push the pin into the groove, the cavity is in a blocked state.

[0007] Existing supercritical carbon dioxide energy - concentrating fracturing tools have non - recyclability and single functions. Most of them are one - time down - hole tools, with high costs and material waste. Even the recyclable energy - concentrating fracturing tools have defects such as low operation efficiency and easy losses. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention provides a switching switch and a fracturing device, which overcome the above - mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and can effectively solve the problems of single function and low operation efficiency existing in existing down - hole tools.

[0009] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is achieved by the following measures: A switching switch includes an input pipe, a connecting pipe, an intake pipe, a one-way valve, a ventilation switch, and an axial expansion switch. The input pipe is hermetically sleeved inside the upper part of the connecting pipe. The intake pipe is fixedly installed inside the lower part of the connecting pipe. A one-way valve is provided inside the intake pipe. A ventilation switch and an axial expansion switch are provided between the intake pipe and the input pipe. The axial expansion switch includes a movable plate, a sliding plate, and a first elastic reset member. The movable plate is arranged inside the connecting pipe between the ventilation switch and the intake pipe. A plurality of sliding plates, the lower ends of which are hermetically passed through the outer side of the lower part of the intake pipe at equal intervals along the circumference, are arranged at the lower end of the movable plate. A first elastic reset member is provided between the lower end of the movable plate and the upper end of the intake pipe. A support rod, the upper end of which abuts against the lower end of the ventilation switch, is fixedly installed at the upper end of the movable plate.

[0010] After the nth time the pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe, the ventilation switch acts to make the lower end of the input pipe communicate with the upper end of the intake pipe, and the sliding plate moves downward.

[0011] After the (n + 1)th time the pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe, the sliding plate moves upward, and the ventilation switch acts to make the lower end of the input pipe not communicate with the upper end of the intake pipe, where n is a positive integer.

[0012] The following is a further optimization and / or improvement of one of the above-mentioned invention technical solutions:

[0013] The above-mentioned ventilation switch includes a switch valve body, a push rod, a first switch rod, a second elastic reset member, a first positioning component, and a second positioning component. The switch valve body is sleeved inside the connecting pipe corresponding to the position above the movable plate. A switch channel penetrating up and down is provided in the center of the upper end of the switch valve body. The push rod is slidably installed inside the switch channel. The lower end of the push rod abuts against the upper end of the support rod. A first fixed ring platform is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the push rod. A fixed sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the first fixed ring platform. A second fixed ring platform is fixedly installed on the inner side of the lower end of the fixed sleeve corresponding to the lower end position of the first fixed ring platform. A first mounting plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the fixed sleeve. A second elastic reset member sleeved inside the fixed sleeve is provided between the upper end of the first fixed ring platform and the lower end of the first mounting plate. A third elastic reset member sleeved on the outer side of the fixed sleeve is provided between the upper end of the switch valve body and the lower end of the first mounting plate. A fixed rod is fixedly installed at the upper end of the first mounting plate. The upper end of the fixed rod is in sealed contact with the lower end of the input pipe. A limiting ring platform is fixed on the outer side of the middle part of the push rod. A first positioning component is provided inside the switch valve body. The upper side inside the first positioning component is in contact with the lower end of the limiting ring platform, and after the first positioning component radially contracts, it is completely separated from the lower end of the limiting ring platform. A first switch rod capable of radially contracting the first positioning component after moving downward is fixedly installed at the lower end of the first mounting plate. A second positioning component capable of radially contracting inside is provided between the lower part of the first mounting plate and the upper part of the switch valve body.

[0014] After the nth pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe, the first switch rod and the sliding plate move downward, and the upper end of the first mounting plate contacts the first positioning assembly, so that the lower end of the input pipe is communicated with the upper end of the intake pipe;

[0015] After the (n + 1)th pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe, the first switch rod and the sliding plate move upward, and the upper end of the first mounting plate is separated from the second positioning assembly, so that the lower end of the input pipe is not communicated with the upper end of the intake pipe.

[0016] The first positioning assembly includes a first stop rod and a fourth elastic reset member. A plurality of first mounting holes with openings facing inward are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner side of the switch valve body corresponding to the position below the limit ring platform. Each first mounting hole is slidably installed with a first stop rod along the radial direction. The upper side of the inner end of each first stop rod contacts the lower end of the limit ring platform. A fourth elastic reset member is provided between the outer end of each first stop rod and the inner wall of the first mounting hole. A first guiding hole penetrating up and down is provided on the outer side of the first stop rod corresponding to the position between the fourth elastic reset member and the switch channel. The upper part of the first guiding hole is inclined outward relative to the lower part. A switch hole with a lower end communicating with the first mounting hole is provided at the upper end of the switch valve body corresponding to the upper end of each first guiding hole. A first switch rod fixedly installed at the corresponding position of the lower end of the first mounting plate is slidably installed in each switch hole. When the lower end of the first switch rod moves and is inserted into the first guiding hole at the corresponding position, the first stop rod can be contracted into the first mounting hole at the corresponding position. When the lower end of the first switch rod moves upward into the switch hole, the inner end of the first stop rod extends into the switch channel.

[0017] A piston ring slidably installed in the connecting pipe is fixed to the outer side of the lower end of the switch valve body. The outer side of the piston ring is in sealing contact with the inner side of the connecting pipe. An intake baffle is fixedly installed at the upper end of the intake pipe. A plurality of first intake holes are evenly distributed along the circumference at the upper end of the intake baffle. A second intake hole with a lower end extending to the lower end of the piston ring is provided at the upper end of the switch valve body corresponding to each first intake hole. A second sliding sleeve is slidably installed in each second intake hole. The lower end of each second sliding sleeve is fixedly installed in the first intake hole at the corresponding position. The second positioning assembly includes a second stop rod and a fifth elastic reset member. A plurality of radially arranged second stop rods are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner side of the connecting pipe corresponding to the position between the lower part of the first mounting plate and the upper part of the switch valve body. A fifth elastic reset member is fixedly installed between the outer end of each second stop rod and the inner side of the connecting pipe. A second guiding hole penetrating up and down is provided in the middle of each second stop rod. The upper part of the second guiding hole is inclined inward relative to the lower part. A first passing hole penetrating up and down is provided at the lower end of the piston ring corresponding to the lower end of each second guiding hole. A second switch rod with an upper end located below the second stop rod is slidably installed in each first passing hole;

[0018] After the nth time of charging the pressurized medium into the input pipe, the lower end of the first switch rod moves downward and inserts into the first guiding hole, causing the first gear rod to contract into the switch channel at the corresponding position. After the upper end of the first mounting plate contacts the lower end of the second gear rod, the lower end of the input pipe is communicated with the upper end of the intake pipe;

[0019] After the (n + 1)th time of charging the pressurized medium into the input pipe, the upper end of the second switch rod moves upward and inserts into the second guiding hole at the corresponding position, causing the second gear rod to move outward and separate from the first mounting plate. After the upper end of the fixing rod is in sealed contact with the lower end of the input pipe, the lower end of the input pipe is not communicated with the upper end of the intake pipe. The lower end of the first switch rod moves upward, causing the end of the first gear rod to extend into the switch channel and contact the lower end of the limiting ring platform.

[0020] An upper fixing plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper part of the above-mentioned connecting pipe. A first connecting hole penetrating up and down is provided in the center of the upper end of the upper fixing plate. The lower end of the intake pipe is fixedly installed on the upper side of the upper fixing plate. An upper intake inner ring platform is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper part of the intake pipe. The one-way valve includes a valve core and a sixth elastic reset member. A lower intake inner ring platform is fixed on the inner side of the lower end of the intake pipe. The valve core is sleeved in the lower intake inner ring platform. A sixth elastic reset member is provided between the lower end of the valve core and the upper end of the upper fixing plate. The upper end of the valve core is in sealed contact with the inner side of the lower part of the upper intake inner ring platform. A cover plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper end of the intake pipe corresponding to the position above the upper intake inner ring platform. A plurality of lower ventilation holes penetrating up and down are evenly distributed along the circumference on the upper side of the cover plate. The upper ventilation holes with the upper ends extending to the upper end of the switch valve body are provided at the lower ends of the piston rings corresponding to each lower ventilation hole. A connecting pipe is fixedly installed in a sealed manner in each lower ventilation hole. The outer sides of the upper parts of each connecting pipe are sleeved in the upper ventilation holes at the corresponding positions.

[0021] The first limiting through holes corresponding to the sliding plates are distributed at the lower end of the upper fixing plate at the position corresponding to the outer side of the intake pipe. The outer side of the lower part of the sliding plate is slidably installed in the first limiting through hole at the corresponding position. The second limiting through holes are provided at the lower end of the upper fixing plate corresponding to each second switch rod. The outer side of the lower part of the second switch rod is slidably installed in the second limiting through hole at the corresponding position.

[0022] The second technical solution of the present invention is achieved by the following measures: A fracturing device includes a switching switch, a third positioning component, and a gas storage tank. A gas storage tank capable of axially expanding and contracting at both the upper end and the lower end is provided in the connecting pipe at the position corresponding to the lower side of the upper fixing plate. The outer side of the upper part of the gas storage tank is fixedly installed together with the lower part of the second switch rod. A bottom plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the lower end of the through pipe at the position corresponding to the lower side of the gas storage tank. A third positioning component is provided between the upper side of the bottom plate and the lower end of the gas storage tank. The upper end of the third positioning component is installed together with the lower end of the sliding plate. A plurality of transition air outlet holes are evenly distributed at intervals up and down on the outer side of the lower part of the sliding plate. An external air outlet hole communicating inside and outside is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the connecting pipe corresponding to each transition air outlet hole. An internal air outlet hole communicating inside and outside is provided on the outer side of the gas storage tank corresponding to each transition air outlet hole;

[0023] After the nth time of charging the pressurized medium into the input pipe, the lower end of the first switch rod moves and inserts into the first guiding hole, causing the first retaining rod to contract into the switch channel at the corresponding position. After the sliding plate moves downward, it engages with the third positioning component, closing the inner air outlet hole. After the upper end of the first mounting plate contacts the lower end of the second retaining rod, the lower end of the input pipe communicates with the upper end of the air inlet pipe. After the valve core moves downward, the pressurized medium is charged into the ventilation pipe. When the ventilation pipe is inflated, the upper air storage cylinder and the lower air storage cylinder move away from each other;

[0024] After the (n + 1)th time of charging the pressurized medium into the input pipe, the third positioning component separates from the sliding plate. The upper end of the second switch rod moves upward and inserts into the second guiding hole at the corresponding position, causing the second retaining rod to move outward and separate from the first mounting plate. The inner air outlet hole, the transition air outlet hole, and the outer air outlet hole are in one-to-one correspondence and communicate. The air storage tank starts to exhaust. When the air storage tank exhausts, the two ends of the air storage tank move closer to each other and reset. The lower end of the first switch rod moves upward, causing the end of the first retaining rod to extend into the switch channel and contact the lower end of the limit ring platform.

[0025] The following is a further optimization and / or improvement of the second technical solution of the above invention:

[0026] The above-mentioned air storage tank includes an air storage pipe, an upper air storage cylinder, a lower air storage cylinder, a seventh elastic resetting member, and an eighth elastic resetting member. A tubular air storage pipe is sleeved inside the lower part of the connecting pipe corresponding to the position below the upper fixing plate. The upper air storage cylinder is hermetically sleeved inside the upper end of the air storage pipe, and the lower air storage cylinder is hermetically sleeved inside the lower end of the air storage pipe. The lower side of each second switch rod is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper part of the upper air storage cylinder. The sliding plate passes through the annular space between the air storage pipe and the connecting pipe. A seventh elastic resetting member is provided between the lower side of the upper fixing plate and the upper end of the upper air storage cylinder, and an eighth elastic resetting member is provided between the lower end of the lower air storage cylinder and the upper end of the third positioning component.

[0027] The upper end of the upper air storage cylinder corresponding to the position of the first connection hole is provided with a second connection hole that penetrates up and down. The lower end of the lower air storage cylinder corresponding to the position of the second connection hole is provided with a third connection hole that penetrates up and down. A ventilation pipe whose lower end sequentially passes through the second connection hole and the third connection hole is hermetically and fixedly installed in the first connection hole. The outer side of the upper part of the ventilation pipe is sleeved inside the seventh elastic resetting member, and the outer side of the lower part of the ventilation pipe is sleeved inside the eighth elastic resetting member. A plurality of air inflation holes that communicate inside and outside are distributed at intervals on the outer side of the middle part of the ventilation pipe corresponding to the position between the lower part of the seventh elastic resetting member and the upper part of the eighth elastic resetting member.

[0028] The above-mentioned third switch assembly includes a switch sleeve, a switch pin, a ninth elastic reset member, a column, a reversing sleeve, and a tenth elastic reset member. A lower fixing plate is fixedly installed in the connecting pipe corresponding to the position below the lower air storage cylinder and above the third positioning assembly. An eighth elastic reset member is arranged between the lower end of the lower air storage cylinder and the upper side of the lower fixing plate. The lower end of the air vent pipe passes through the third connection hole and is fixedly installed together with the upper side of the lower fixing plate. A second mounting plate is arranged below the lower fixing plate. A vertically penetrating second through hole is provided on the lower side of the lower fixing plate corresponding to each sliding plate position. The lower end of the sliding plate passes through the corresponding second through hole and is fixedly installed together with the upper side of the second mounting plate. The lower end of the second mounting plate is fixedly installed with a switch sleeve. A plurality of radially penetrating second mounting holes are evenly distributed along the circumference on the outer side of the lower part of the switch sleeve. A switch pin is slidably installed in each second mounting hole. A ninth elastic reset member is installed between the outer side of the middle part of the switch pin and the inner wall of the second mounting hole. A column is fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate. An upper outer ring platform is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the column. The upper outer ring platform is in a conical shape with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part. A reversing sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the column is arranged below the upper outer ring platform. The reversing sleeve is in a spindle shape with a thicker middle part and thinner two sides. A tenth elastic reset member is arranged between the upper end of the reversing sleeve and the lower end of the upper outer ring platform;

[0029] After the nth time of charging the pressurized medium into the input pipe, the lower end of the first switch rod moves and inserts into the first guiding hole, causing the first gear rod to contract into the switch channel at the corresponding position. After the sliding plate moves downward, the lower end of the upper outer ring platform contacts the inner end of the switch pin, and the inner air outlet is closed. After the upper end of the first mounting plate contacts the lower end of the second gear rod, the lower end of the input pipe is communicated with the upper end of the air inlet pipe. After the valve core moves downward, the pressurized medium is charged into the air storage tank. When the air storage tank is inflated, the upper air storage cylinder and the lower air storage cylinder move away from each other;

[0030] After the (n + 1)th time of charging the pressurized medium into the input pipe, the lower end of the upper outer ring platform separates from the inner end of the switch pin and resets. After the sliding plate moves upward, the inner air outlet, the transition air outlet, and the outer air outlet are communicated one by one, and the air storage pipe starts to exhaust. When the air storage pipe exhausts, the upper air storage cylinder and the lower air storage cylinder move closer to reset. After the upper end of the second switch rod moves upward and inserts into the corresponding second guiding hole, the second gear rod moves outward and separates from the first mounting plate and resets. The lower end of the first switch rod moves upward, causing the end of the first gear rod to extend into the switch channel and contact the lower end of the limit ring platform to reset.

[0031] The structure of the present invention is reasonable and compact. During use, by providing an intake pipe, it is convenient to fill the pressure-bearing medium into the connecting pipe below the intake pipe, and it is also convenient to install a one-way valve. At the same time, it can also support the first elastic reset member. By providing the first elastic reset member, the first elastic reset member can press against the lower end of the ventilation switch through the support rod, so that the lower end of the input pipe and the upper end of the intake pipe are not connected to each other. By providing the one-way valve, it can ensure the stability of the pressure of the pressure-bearing medium in the connecting pipe below the intake pipe, and can also prevent the leakage of the pressure-bearing medium in the connecting pipe. After the pressure-bearing medium is filled into the input pipe for the first time, the ventilation switch acts. After the support rod is subjected to pressure, it moves downward, thereby driving the sliding plate to move downward, and the first elastic reset member is compressed. The pressure-bearing medium enters the intake pipe after passing through the input pipe and the ventilation switch, and then acts on the one-way valve. After the one-way valve is opened, the pressure-bearing medium flows into the connecting pipe below the intake pipe.

[0032] After the pressure-bearing medium is filled into the input pipe for the second time, continue to inject the pressure-bearing medium into the connecting pipe below the intake pipe. After the pressure of the pressure-bearing medium increases, it acts on the lower end of the sliding plate. When a certain amount is injected, the pressure-bearing medium causes the sliding plate and the movable plate to start moving upward, and the first elastic reset member also starts to stretch and reset. Finally, the upper end of the support rod moves upward and abuts against the lower end of the ventilation switch. At the same time, the one-way valve also resets, so that the intake pipe and the lower end of the input pipe are not connected to each other, and the pressure-bearing medium is injected into the connecting pipe below the intake pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Attached Figure 1 It is the front view sectional structure schematic diagram of Embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention.

[0034] Attached Figure 2 It is Figure 1 The enlarged sectional structure schematic diagram at A-A in the attached figure.

[0035] Attached Figure 3 It is Figure 1 The enlarged sectional structure schematic diagram at B-B in the attached figure.

[0036] Attached Figure 4 It is Figure 1 The enlarged sectional structure schematic diagram at C-C in the attached figure.

[0037] Attached Figure 5 It is Figure 1 The enlarged sectional structure schematic diagram at D-D in the attached figure.

[0038] Attached Figure 6 It is the right view sectional structure schematic diagram of Embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention.

[0039] Attached Figure 7 It is the left view sectional structure schematic diagram of the switch valve body in Embodiments 2 to 6 of the present invention.

[0040] Appendix Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the first gear lever in Embodiments 3 to 6 of the present invention.

[0041] Appendix Figure 9 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the second gear lever in Embodiments 4 to 6 of the present invention.

[0042] Appendix Figure 10 It is a schematic top view structure diagram of the upper fixing plate in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0043] Appendix Figure 11 It is a schematic front cross-sectional structure diagram of Embodiments 7 to 10 of the present invention.

[0044] Appendix Figure 12 It is the appendix Figure 11 A schematic enlarged cross-sectional structure diagram at E-E in

[0045] Appendix Figure 13 It is the appendix Figure 11 A schematic enlarged cross-sectional structure diagram at F-F in

[0046] Appendix Figure 14 It is the appendix Figure 11 A schematic enlarged cross-sectional structure diagram at G-G in

[0047] Appendix Figure 15 It is the appendix Figure 11 A schematic enlarged cross-sectional structure diagram at H-H in

[0048] Appendix Figure 16 It is the appendix Figure 11 A schematic enlarged cross-sectional structure diagram at I-I in

[0049] Appendix Figure 17 It is a schematic right cross-sectional structure diagram of Embodiments 7 to 10 of the present invention.

[0050] Appendix Figure 18 It is the appendix Figure 17 A schematic enlarged cross-sectional structure diagram at J-J in

[0051] Appendix Figure 19 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of Embodiments 7 to 10 of the present invention after removing the connecting pipe.

[0052] Appendix Figure 20 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the sliding plate in Embodiments 7 to 10 of the present invention.

[0053] Appendix Figure 21 It is a schematic left cross-sectional structure diagram of the switch sleeve in Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

[0054] Appendix Figure 22 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the switch pin in Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

[0055] Appendix Figure 23 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the switch pin in the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Appendix Figure 24 This is a schematic front cross-sectional structure diagram of the column in the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] The codes in the drawings are respectively: 1 is the input pipe, 2 is the connecting pipe, 3 is the intake pipe, 4 is the movable plate, 5 is the sliding plate, 6 is the first elastic reset member, 7 is the support rod, 8 is the top plate, 9 is the switch valve body, 10 is the push rod, 11 is the first shift lever, 12 is the first switch lever, 13 is the second elastic reset member, 14 is the third elastic reset member, 15 is the switch channel, 16 is the first fixed ring platform, 17 is the second fixed ring platform, 18 is the fixed sleeve, 19 is the first mounting plate, 20 is the fixing rod, 21 is the limiting ring platform, 22 is the strip-shaped groove, 23 is the fourth elastic reset member, 24 is the first mounting hole, 25 is the first guiding hole, 26 is the switch hole, 27 is the first set screw, 28 is the first shift groove, 29 is the first guiding inclined surface, 30 is the first anti-rotation pin, 31 is the piston ring, 32 is the sealing ring, 33 is the first ring groove, 34 is the second shift lever, 35 is the fifth elastic reset member, 36 is the second guiding hole, 37 is the second shift groove, 38 is the second switch lever, 39 is the upper fixing plate, 40 is the cover plate, 41 is the upper intake inner ring platform, 42 is the lower intake inner ring platform, 43 is the valve core, 44 is the sixth elastic reset member, 45 is the upper ventilation hole, 46 is the connecting pipe, 47 is the first limiting through hole, 48 is the second limiting through hole, 49 is the bottom plate, 50 is the transition air outlet hole, 51 is the external air outlet hole, 52 is the internal air outlet hole, 53 is the air storage pipe, 54 is the upper air storage cylinder, 55 is the lower air storage cylinder, 56 is the seventh elastic reset member, 57 is the eighth elastic reset member, 58 is the ventilation pipe, 59 is the switch sleeve, 60 is the switch pin, 61 is the ninth elastic reset member, 62 is the tenth elastic reset member, 63 is the column, 64 is the reversing sleeve, 65 is the lower fixing plate, 66 is the second mounting plate, 67 is the second mounting hole, 68 is the upper outer ring platform, 69 is the second guiding inclined surface, 70 is the third guiding inclined surface, 71 is the fourth guiding inclined surface, 72 is the fifth guiding inclined surface, 73 is the first straight hole, 74 is the second straight hole, 75 is the sliding hole, 76 is the extension rod, 77 is the locking nut, 78 is the limiting plate, 79 is the third mounting plate, 80 is the upper limiting rod, 81 is the lower limiting rod, 82 is the ventilation hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0058] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and the specific implementation manners can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0059] In the present invention, for the convenience of description, the description of the relative position relationship of each component is based on the appendix of the specification Figure 1It is described in the layout mode, for example, the positional relationships such as front, back, up, down, left, and right are based on the layout direction of the attached drawings of the specification. Figure 1 It is determined by the layout direction.

[0060] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and the accompanying drawings:

[0061] Embodiment 1: As shown in FIGS. Figure 1 、 2 3, and 6, the switching switch includes an input pipe 1, a connecting pipe 2, an air inlet pipe 3, a one-way valve, an air vent switch, and an axial expansion switch. The input pipe 1 is hermetically sleeved inside the upper part of the connecting pipe 2. The air inlet pipe 3 is fixedly installed inside the lower part of the connecting pipe 2. A one-way valve is provided in the air inlet pipe 3. An air vent switch and an axial expansion switch are provided between the air inlet pipe 3 and the input pipe 1. The axial expansion switch includes a movable plate 4, a sliding plate 5, and a first elastic reset member 6. The movable plate 4 is arranged inside the connecting pipe 2 between the air vent switch and the air inlet pipe 3. A plurality of sliding plates 5 are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumference at the lower end of the movable plate 4 and penetrate through the outer side of the lower part of the air inlet pipe 3 in a sealed manner. A first elastic reset member 6 is provided between the lower end of the movable plate 4 and the upper end of the air inlet pipe 3. A support rod 7 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the movable plate 4 and abuts against the lower end of the air vent switch at the upper end.

[0062] After the input pipe 1 is filled with the pressurized medium for the nth time, the air vent switch acts to make the lower end of the input pipe 1 communicate with the upper end of the air inlet pipe 3, and the sliding plate 5 moves downward.

[0063] After the input pipe 1 is filled with the pressurized medium for the (n + 1)th time, the sliding plate 5 moves upward, and the air vent switch acts to make the lower end of the input pipe 1 not communicate with the upper end of the air inlet pipe 3, where n is a positive integer.

[0064] According to requirements, the first elastic reset member 6 is a known technology in the art, such as a compression spring. A top plate 8 that is hermetically sleeved outside the lower part of the input pipe 1 is fixedly installed inside the upper end of the connecting pipe 2. A circular sealing ring is fixed at the lower end of the input pipe 1 corresponding to the position of the lower end of the top plate 8. This facilitates the disassembly and assembly between the input pipe 1 and the connecting pipe 2 and can also prevent failures from occurring when the input pipe 1 moves up and down and separates from the connecting pipe 2.

[0065] During use, a sealing plate can be screwed inside the lower end of the connecting pipe 2. By providing the air inlet pipe 3, it is convenient to fill the pressurized medium into the connecting pipe 2 below the air inlet pipe 3, and it is also convenient to install a one-way valve. At the same time, it can also support the first elastic reset member 6. By providing the first elastic reset member 6, the first elastic reset member 6 can press against the lower end of the air vent switch through the support rod 7, so that the lower end of the input pipe 1 and the upper end of the air inlet pipe 3 are not connected to each other. By providing the one-way valve, it can ensure the stability of the pressure of the pressurized medium in the connecting pipe 2 below the air inlet pipe 3, and can also prevent the leakage of the pressurized medium in the connecting pipe 2. After the first pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe 1, the air vent switch operates. After the support rod 7 is pressured, it moves downward, thereby driving the sliding plate 5 to move downward. The first elastic reset member 6 is compressed, and the pressurized medium enters the air inlet pipe 3 after passing through the input pipe 1 and the air vent switch, and then acts on the one-way valve. After the one-way valve is opened, the pressurized medium flows into the connecting pipe 2 below the air inlet pipe 3.

[0066] After the second pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe 1, continue to inject the pressurized medium into the connecting pipe 2 below the air inlet pipe 3. After the pressure of the pressurized medium increases, it acts on the lower end of the sliding plate 5. When a certain amount is injected, the pressurized medium causes the sliding plate 5 and the movable plate 4 to start moving upward, and the first elastic reset member 6 also starts to stretch and reset. Finally, the upper end of the support rod 7 moves upward and abuts against the lower end of the air vent switch. At the same time, the one-way valve also resets, so that the lower ends of the air inlet pipe 3 and the input pipe 1 are not connected to each other, and the pressurized medium is injected into the connecting pipe 2 below the air inlet pipe 3. In this way, by periodically and alternately filling the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the sliding plate 5 can move up and down.

[0067] A known fracturing tool in the prior art, such as the shaped charge fracturing tool disclosed in the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN111911125A, can be connected to the lower end of the connecting pipe 2, so that fracturing operations can be carried out.

[0068] When the material of the connecting pipe 2 below the air inlet pipe 3 is rubber, it can be used as a packer. After the first pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe 1, the lower part of the connecting pipe 2 expands to seal the casing. After the second pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe 1, the lower part of the connecting pipe 2 expands and then ruptures, achieving the effect of unsealing.

[0069] A new type of mechanical anchoring and pushing assembly disclosed in the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN116065993A can also be installed at the lower end of the connecting pipe 2. The lower side of the sliding plate 5 is fixedly installed with the end of the thrust rod, and the lower end of the connecting pipe 2 is connected to the end of the main body. After the first pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe 1, after the sliding plate 5 moves downward, the thrust rod drives the guide rail seat to move axially, driving the anchor claws to open; after the second pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe 1, after the sliding plate 5 moves upward, the thrust rod drives the guide rail seat to move axially, driving the anchor claws to retract.

[0070] Or connect the lower side of the sliding plate 5 to the piston end of a single-stage ground anchor for cementing disclosed in the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN212898384U. Connect the lower end of the connecting pipe 2 to the end of the outer body. After the pressure medium is first filled into the input pipe 1, when the sliding plate 5 moves downward, several groups of ground anchor mechanisms are evenly distributed circumferentially at the lower end of the piston. By applying an axial pressure to the piston, the spring is compressed, and the ground anchor mechanism extends through the side wall of the outer body to achieve the anchoring of the ground anchor mechanism. After the pressure medium is secondarily filled into the input pipe 1, the sliding plate 5 moves upward, the axial pressure on the piston is withdrawn, and the spring drives the piston to return to its original position to achieve the reset of the ground anchor mechanism.

[0071] It is also possible to install a downhole coiled tubing cutting and fishing integrated tool disclosed in the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN216381296U at the lower end of the connecting pipe 2. Connect the lower side of the sliding plate 5 to the lifting plate and connect the lower side of the connecting pipe 5 to the connecting cylinder. After the pressure medium is first filled into the input pipe 1, the sliding plate 5 moves downward, driving the lifting plate to move downward, so that the connecting rod can push the moving rod. When the moving rod moves, it will drive the fishing plate to move. When the cutting knife finishes cutting, a fishing operation is performed on it to achieve an integrated operation of cutting and fishing the coiled tubing. After the pressure medium is secondarily filled into the input pipe 1, after the sliding plate 5 moves upward, it drives the lifting plate to move upward to salvage the cut coiled tubing, which can be used for workover operations.

[0072] According to actual needs, the above switching switch can be further optimized and / or improved:

[0073] Embodiment 2: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, the ventilation switch includes a switch valve body 9, a push rod 10, a first switch rod 12, a second elastic reset member 13, a first positioning assembly and a second positioning assembly. A switch valve body 9 is sleeved inside the communication pipe 2 corresponding to the position above the movable plate 4. A vertically penetrating switch channel 15 is provided in the center of the upper end of the switch valve body 9. A push rod 10 is slidably installed inside the switch channel 15. The lower end of the push rod 10 abuts against the upper end of the support rod 7. A first fixed ring platform 16 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the push rod 10. A fixed sleeve 18 is sleeved outside the first fixed ring platform 16. A second fixed ring platform 17 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the lower end of the fixed sleeve 18 corresponding to the lower end position of the first fixed ring platform 16. A first mounting plate 19 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the fixed sleeve 18. A second elastic reset member 13 sleeved inside the fixed sleeve 18 is provided between the upper end of the first fixed ring platform 16 and the lower end of the first mounting plate 19. A third elastic reset member 14 sleeved outside the fixed sleeve 18 is provided between the upper end of the switch valve body 9 and the lower end of the first mounting plate 19. A fixed rod 20 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the first mounting plate 19. The upper end of the fixed rod 20 is in sealed contact with the lower end of the input pipe 1. A limiting ring platform 21 is fixed on the outer side of the middle part of the push rod 10. A first positioning assembly is provided inside the switch valve body 9. The upper side inside the first positioning assembly is in contact with the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21, and after the first positioning assembly radially contracts, it is completely separated from the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21. A first switch rod 12 that can radially contract the first positioning assembly after moving downward is fixedly installed at the lower end of the first mounting plate 19. A second positioning assembly capable of radially contracting is provided between the lower part of the first mounting plate 19 and the upper part of the switch valve body 9;

[0074] After the nth time of filling the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the first switch rod 12 and the sliding plate 5 move downward, and the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 is in contact with the first positioning assembly, so that the lower end of the input pipe 1 is in communication with the upper end of the intake pipe 3.

[0075] In this way, the pressurized medium is continuously introduced into the input pipe 1. The pressurized medium enters the communication pipe 2 above the first mounting plate 19 through the input pipe 1, and then enters the upper end of the intake pipe 3 after passing through the switch valve body 9. In this way, the pressurized medium can be injected into the lower end of the intake pipe 3.

[0076] After the (n + 1)th time of filling the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the first switch rod 12 and the sliding plate 5 move upward, and the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 is separated from the second positioning assembly, so that the lower end of the input pipe 1 is not in communication with the upper end of the intake pipe 3.

[0077] A switch rod can be installed at the upper end of the sliding plate 5. After the switch rod moves upward, the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 is separated from the second positioning assembly. The upper end of the sliding plate 5 can also pass through the switch valve body 9 and be located below the second positioning assembly. After the sliding plate 5 moves upward, the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 is separated from the second positioning assembly. In this way, when the pressurized medium is introduced into the input pipe 1 again, the pressurized medium causes the inner part of the second positioning assembly to retract radially. Under the action of the second elastic resetting member 13 and the third elastic resetting member 14, the first mounting plate 19 moves upward to the initial position, that is, the upper end of the fixing rod 20 is in sealing contact with the lower end of the sealing ring. In this way, the lower end of the input pipe 1 and the upper end of the intake pipe 3 are not connected to each other, so that the pressurized medium in the intake pipe 3 can be sealed and transported to the target position in the well for operation.

[0078] According to requirements, the push rod 10 can be a tubular structure or a solid rod structure. The second elastic resetting member 13 and the third elastic resetting member 14 are both well-known prior arts, such as compression springs. The first fixed ring platform 16 and the push rod 10 are integrally provided. The second fixed ring platform 17 and the fixed sleeve 18 are integrally provided. The fixing rod 20, the first mounting plate 19 and the fixed sleeve 18 are integrally provided. The upper end of the fixing rod 20 is in sealing contact with the lower end of the sealing ring. In this way, the contact area between the upper end of the fixing rod 20 and the sealing ring can be increased, so that the upper end of the fixing rod 20 can seal the lower end of the sealing ring, and it can be ensured that the lower end of the input pipe 1 is closed in the initial state, thus ensuring that the lower end of the input pipe 1 and the upper end of the intake pipe 3 are not connected to each other.

[0079] During the use process, by setting the first fixed ring platform 16 and the second fixed ring platform 17, not only can the contact area between the lower end of the second elastic resetting member 13 and the upper end of the push rod 10 be increased, but also the separation phenomenon can be avoided during the relative movement of the fixed sleeve 18 and the push rod 10.

[0080] The setting of the first mounting plate 19 can not only increase the contact area at the upper end of the third elastic reset member 14, but also facilitate the installation of the fixing rod 20. At the same time, a plurality of first switch rods 12 can be evenly distributed at intervals along the circumference. In this way, when the pressurized medium is first filled into the input pipe 1, the pressurized medium pushes the support rod 7 and the first mounting plate 19 downward. After the fixing rod 20 moves downward, it can drive the lower ends of all the first switch rods 12 to move downward. After all the first switch rods 12 move downward, the first positioning assembly contracts radially. In this way, the first positioning assembly no longer supports the limiting ring platform 21. The compressed second elastic reset member 13 acts on the upper end of the push rod 10, causing the lower end of the push rod 10 to move downward. When the first mounting plate 19 presses the upper end of the second positioning assembly, the inner end of the second positioning assembly begins to contract, and the opening inside the second positioning assembly becomes larger. In this way, the first mounting plate 19 can continue to move downward to the lower side of the second positioning assembly. Then, after the opening inside the second positioning assembly is reset and becomes smaller, the supply of the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1 is stopped. The upper end of the first mounting plate 19 abuts against the inner end of the second positioning assembly under the action of the first elastic reset member 6, the second elastic reset member 13, and the third elastic reset member 14. The second positioning assembly can exert a restraining effect on the first mounting plate 19. During the downward movement of the first mounting plate 19, the switch valve body 9 also moves downward under the action of the third elastic reset member 14. Finally, the lower end of the switch valve body 9 abuts against the upper end of the support rod 7. The switch valve body 9 continues to move downward and presses the movable plate 4. The upper end of the movable plate 4 abuts against the lower end of the switch valve body 9 under the action of the first elastic reset member 6. In this way, after the first mounting plate 19 moves downward, it can drive the lower ends of all the first switch rods 12 to move downward, causing the first positioning assembly to contract radially.

[0081] The limiting ring platform 21 is in a conical shape with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part, or the outer side surface of the limiting ring platform 21 is an arc surface, a parabolic surface, or other curved surfaces that are smoothly transitioned from top to bottom. In this way, after the first positioning assembly contracts internally, the opening becomes larger, and the limiting ring platform 21 passes through the inside of the first positioning assembly and is located below the first positioning assembly. During reset, that is, after the first mounting plate 19 moves upward, all the first switch rods 12 move upward and are reset, and the first positioning assembly is reset internally. When the first elastic reset member 6 is reset, the push rod 10 is moved upward through the movable plate 4 and the support rod 7. When the outer side surface of the limiting ring platform 21 abuts against the lower part of the first positioning assembly, the outer side surface of the limiting ring platform 21 can push open the inside of the first positioning assembly and pass through the inside of the first positioning assembly and is located above the first positioning assembly. When the upper end of the fixing rod 20 moves upward and abuts against the lower end of the input pipe 1, the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21 is reset and contacts the upper side of the first positioning assembly.

[0082] Embodiment 3: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 , 4As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, the first positioning component includes a first shift lever 11 and a fourth elastic return member 23. A plurality of first mounting holes 24 with openings facing inward are evenly distributed along the circumference inside the switch valve body 9 at a position corresponding to the lower side of the limiting ring platform 21. A first shift lever 11 is slidably mounted in each first mounting hole 24 along the radial direction. The upper side of the inner end of each first shift lever 11 is in contact with the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21. A fourth elastic return member 23 is provided between the outer end of each first shift lever 11 and the inner wall of the first mounting hole 24. A first guiding hole 25 penetrating up and down is provided on the outer side of the first shift lever 11 at a position corresponding to between the fourth elastic return member 23 and the switch channel 15. The upper part of the first guiding hole 25 is inclined outward relative to the lower part. At the upper end of the switch valve body 9 corresponding to the upper end of each first guiding hole 25, a switch hole 26 with a lower end communicating with the first mounting hole 24 is provided. A first switch rod 12 fixedly mounted at a position corresponding to the lower end of the first mounting plate 19 is slidably mounted in each switch hole 26. When the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves and is inserted into the corresponding first guiding hole 25, the first shift lever 11 can be contracted into the first mounting hole 24 at the corresponding position. When the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves upward into the switch hole 26, the inner end of the first shift lever 11 extends into the switch channel 15;

[0083] After the nth charge of the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves and is inserted into the first guiding hole 25, causing the first shift lever 11 to contract into the switch channel 15 at the corresponding position;

[0084] After the (n + 1)th charge of the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves upward, causing the end of the first shift lever 11 to extend into the switch channel 15 and contact the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21.

[0085] According to requirements, the fourth elastic resetting member 23 is a known prior art, such as a compression spring. To facilitate the machining of the first mounting hole 24, the first mounting hole 24 penetrates radially. Then, a first set screw 27 is screwed into each first mounting hole 24. The fourth elastic resetting member 23 is installed between the end of the first set screw 27 and the end of the first gear lever 11 away from the switch channel 15. An upward-opening first gear slot 28 is provided at the end of the first gear lever 11 located in the switch channel 15. The lower end of the limit ring platform 21 is in contact with the inner wall of the lower part of the first gear slot 28. At the end of the first gear lever 11 corresponding to the position below the first gear slot 28, a first guiding inclined surface 29 is provided. The upper part of the first guiding inclined surface 29 is inclined inward relative to the lower part. In this way, after the limit ring platform 21 moves upward and abuts against the first guiding inclined surface 29, the first guiding inclined surface 29 can be squeezed, so that the ends of all the first gear levers 11 located in the switch channel 15 move away from each other. After the end of the first gear lever 11 is separated from the limit ring platform 21, the limit ring platform 21 can continue to move upward, and the limit ring platform 21 can be reset smoothly. A vertically penetrating first guiding hole 25 is provided on the outer side of each first gear lever 11 corresponding to the position between the fourth elastic resetting member 23 and the switch channel 15. The first guiding hole 25 can be a radially penetrating rectangular through hole, a rectangular blind hole, or a square groove structure. The upper parts of the two side surfaces of the through hole, blind hole, and square groove structure are inclined outward relative to the lower parts, and the bottom surface of the groove structure is a vertical surface. In this embodiment, the first guiding hole 25 is a through hole, and the upper part of the first guiding hole 25 is inclined outward relative to the lower part. To facilitate the smooth insertion of the lower end of the first switch lever 12 into the first guiding hole 25, a second guiding inclined surface 69 is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the first switch lever 12, with the lower part inclined inward relative to the upper part. To prevent the first gear lever 11 from deflecting when axially moving in the first guiding hole 25, a plurality of inward-opening strip-shaped grooves 22 are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the first guiding hole 25. A first anti-rotation pin 30 fixedly installed on the outer side of the first gear lever 11 is slidably installed in the strip-shaped grooves 22. In this embodiment, the number of strip-shaped grooves 22 is one, and it is provided on the inner wall of the lower part of the first guiding hole 25. To facilitate the installation of the first anti-rotation pin 30 and the first gear lever 11 in the first guiding hole 25 after assembly, one side of the strip-shaped groove 22 extends outward to the outer side surface of the switch valve body 9. In this way, when the first anti-rotation pin 30 slides along the radial direction of the switch valve body 9 in the strip-shaped groove 22, it can also limit the first gear lever 11, making the linkage between the first gear lever 11 and the first switch lever 12 more compact.

[0086] After the pressure-bearing medium is first filled into the input pipe 1, the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves downward and inserts into the first guiding hole 25, causing the first retaining rod 11 to contract into the corresponding switch channel 15. The sliding plate 5 moves downward, and the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 engages with the second positioning assembly, enabling the lower end of the input pipe 1 to communicate with the upper end of the intake pipe 3. Thus, the pressure-bearing medium is continuously introduced into the input pipe 1. The pressure-bearing medium enters the connecting pipe 2 above the first mounting plate 19 through the input pipe 1, then enters the upper end of the intake pipe 3 after passing through the switch valve body 9, and in this way, the pressure-bearing medium can be injected into the lower end of the intake pipe 3.

[0087] After the pressure-bearing medium is secondarily filled into the input pipe 1, the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves upward, causing the end of the first retaining rod 11 to extend into the switch channel 15 and come into contact with the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21. The sliding plate 5 moves upward, and the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 separates from the second positioning assembly, making the lower end of the input pipe 1 and the upper end of the intake pipe 3 not communicate with each other. When the pressure-bearing medium is introduced into the input pipe 1 again, the pressure-bearing medium causes the inner part of the second positioning assembly to radially contract. Under the action of the second elastic resetting member 13 and the third elastic resetting member 14, the first mounting plate 19 moves upward to the initial position, that is, the upper end of the support rod 7 is in sealing contact with the lower end of the sealing ring. In this way, the lower end of the input pipe 1 and the upper end of the intake pipe 3 do not communicate with each other, and the pressure-bearing medium in the intake pipe 3 can be sealed and transported to the target position in the well for operation.

[0088] Embodiment 4: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a piston ring 31 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower end of the switch valve body 9 and slidably installed in the connecting pipe 2. The outer side of the piston ring 31 is in sealing contact with the inner side of the connecting pipe 2.

[0089] According to requirements, the piston ring 31 and the switch valve body 9 are integrally provided. A sealing ring 32 is provided between the outer side of the piston ring 31 and the inner side of the connecting pipe 2. A first ring groove 33 can be machined on the outer side of the piston ring 31, and the first sealing ring 32 is installed in the first ring groove 33. In this way, the switch valve body 9 can always maintain sealing contact with the inner wall of the connecting pipe 2 during the up and down movement.

[0090] The second positioning assembly includes a second retaining rod 34 and a fifth elastic resetting member 35. A plurality of radially arranged second retaining rods 34 are evenly distributed along the circumference at the inner side of the connecting pipe 2 corresponding to the position between the lower part of the first mounting plate 19 and the upper part of the switch valve body 9. A fifth elastic resetting member 35 is fixedly installed between the outer end of each second retaining rod 34 and the inner side of the connecting pipe 2. A second guiding hole 36 that penetrates up and down is provided in the middle of each second retaining rod 34. The upper part of the second guiding hole 36 is inclined inward relative to the lower part. A first through hole that penetrates up and down is provided at the lower end of the piston ring 31 corresponding to the lower end of each second guiding hole 36. A second switch rod 38 with its upper end located below the second retaining rod 34 is slidably installed in each first through hole.

[0091] The fifth elastic reset member 35 is a well-known prior art, such as a compression spring. One end of the fifth elastic reset member 35 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the communication pipe 2, and the other end of the fifth elastic reset member 35 is fixedly connected to one end of the second shift lever 34. In order to facilitate the disassembly and assembly between the fifth elastic reset member 35 and the second shift lever 34, a limit sliding sleeve can be sleeved outside the fifth elastic reset member 35. One end of the limit sliding sleeve is fixedly installed with the inner wall of the connecting pipe 46, and a limit inner ring platform is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the other end of the limit sliding sleeve. A limit outer ring platform that contacts the limit inner ring platform is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the end of the second shift lever 34. The second elastic reset member 13 is installed in the limit sliding sleeve between the limit outer ring platform and the inner wall of the connecting pipe 46. In this way, the limit outer ring platform drives the second shift lever 34 to move radially, and the limit outer ring platform moves in the limit sliding sleeve between the limit inner ring platform and the second elastic reset member 13. In order to prevent the second shift lever 34 from deflecting during the movement, the cross-section of the second shift lever 34 and the cross-section of the limit sliding sleeve can both be rectangular, or the inner cross-sections of the limit outer ring platform and the limit sliding sleeve can both be set to rectangular, or a guide block is arranged at the lower part of the limit outer ring platform, and a guide groove with an upward opening is arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the limit sliding sleeve. The guide block is slidably installed in the guide groove. The structure of the second shift lever 34 can be the same as the structure of the first shift lever 11. An upward-opening second shift groove 37 is arranged at the end of the second shift lever 34 away from the fifth elastic reset member 35. A third guide inclined surface 70 is arranged on the outer side of the end of the second shift lever 34 corresponding to the upper position of the second shift groove 37. The upper part of the third guide inclined surface 70 is inclined outward relative to the lower part. In this way, after the first mounting plate 19 moves downward and abuts against the third guide inclined surface 70, the third guide inclined surface 70 can be squeezed, so that all the second shift levers 34 are squeezed to retract the fifth elastic reset member 35. In this way, the first mounting plate 19 can continue to move downward to the lower part of the second shift lever 34, and the second shift lever 34 is reset under the action of the fifth elastic reset member 35. After the input pipe 1 stops injecting the pressurized medium, the first mounting plate 19 moves upward and abuts against the upper inner wall of the first shift groove 28. In this way, the second shift lever 34 can play a restraining effect on the first mounting plate 19. A second guide hole 36 is arranged on the outer side of the second shift lever 34 corresponding to the position between the fifth elastic reset member 35 and the first mounting plate 19. The second guide hole 36 can be a rectangular through hole that penetrates radially, or a rectangular blind hole, or a square groove structure. The upper parts of the two side surfaces of the through hole, the blind hole and the square groove structure are inclined outward relative to the lower parts, and the bottom surface of the groove structure is a vertical surface. In this embodiment, the second guide hole 36 is a through hole, and the upper part of the second guide hole 36 is inclined inward relative to the lower part. In order to facilitate the lower end of the second switch lever 38 to be smoothly inserted into the second guide hole 36, a fourth guide inclined surface 71 that is inclined inward relative to the lower part is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the second switch lever 38. In this way, the linkage between the second shift lever 34 and the second switch lever 38 is made more compact.

[0092] After the nth pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe 1, the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves and inserts into the first guiding hole 25, causing the first gear rod 11 to contract into the switch channel 15 at the corresponding position. After the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 contacts the lower end of the second gear rod 34, the lower end of the input pipe 1 is in communication with the upper end of the intake pipe 3;

[0093] After the (n + 1)th pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe 1, the upper end of the second switch rod 38 moves upward and inserts into the second guiding hole 36 at the corresponding position, causing the second gear rod 34 to move outward and separate from the first mounting plate 19. After the upper end of the fixed rod 20 is in sealed contact with the lower end of the input pipe 1, the lower end of the input pipe 1 is not in communication with the upper end of the intake pipe 3. The lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves upward, causing the end of the first gear rod 11 to extend into the switch channel 15 and contact the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21.

[0094] After the first pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe 1, the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves and inserts into the first guiding hole 25, causing the first gear rod 11 to contract into the switch channel 15 at the corresponding position. The sliding plate 5 moves downward, and the first mounting plate 19 moves downward and presses the second gear rod 34, causing the opening of the second gear rod 34 to become larger. After the first mounting plate 19 moves below the second gear rod 34, the filling of the pressurized medium stops. Finally, after the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 contacts the lower end of the second gear rod 34, the lower end of the input pipe 1 is in communication with the upper end of the intake pipe 3.

[0095] By continuously filling the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the pressurized medium enters the connecting pipe 2 above the first mounting plate 19 through the input pipe 1, and then enters the upper end of the intake pipe 3 after passing through the switch valve body 9, so that the pressurized medium can be injected into the lower end of the intake pipe 3.

[0096] After the second pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe 1, the upper end of the second switch rod 38 moves upward and inserts into the second guiding hole 36 at the corresponding position, causing the second gear rod 34 to move outward and separate from the first mounting plate 19. After the upper end of the fixed rod 20 is in sealed contact with the lower end of the input pipe 1, the lower end of the input pipe 1 is not in communication with the upper end of the intake pipe 3. The sliding plate 5 moves upward, and the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves upward, causing the end of the first gear rod 11 to extend into the switch channel 15 and contact the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21.

[0097] Thus, the pressurized medium is introduced into the input pipe 1 again. The pressurized medium causes the second switch rod 38 to move upward. After the upper end of the second switch rod 38 is inserted into the second guide hole 36, the end of the second gear rod 34 retracts radially. Under the action of the second elastic reset member 13 and the third elastic reset member 14, the first mounting plate 19 moves upward to the initial position, that is, the upper end of the support rod 7 is in sealed contact with the lower end of the sealing ring. In this way, the lower end of the input pipe 1 and the upper end of the intake pipe 3 are not connected to each other, so that the pressurized medium in the intake pipe 3 can be sealed and can be transported to the target position in the well for operation.

[0098] Embodiment 5: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , 5 , and Fig. 6, an upper fixing plate 39 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper part of the connecting pipe 2. A first connection hole penetrating up and down is provided in the center of the upper end of the upper fixing plate 39. The lower end of the intake pipe 3 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the upper fixing plate 39. An upper intake inner ring platform 41 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper part of the intake pipe 3. The one-way valve is installed between the lower end of the upper intake inner ring platform 41 and the upper end of the upper fixing plate 39. The one-way valve includes a valve core 43 and a sixth elastic reset member 44. A lower intake inner ring platform 42 is fixed on the inner side of the lower end of the intake pipe 3. The valve core 43 is sleeved in the lower intake inner ring platform 42. A sixth elastic reset member 44 is provided between the lower end of the valve core 43 and the upper end of the upper fixing plate 39. The upper end of the valve core 43 is in sealed contact with the inner side of the lower part of the upper intake inner ring platform 41. A cover plate 40 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper end of the intake pipe 3 corresponding to the position above the upper intake inner ring platform 41. A plurality of lower ventilation holes penetrating up and down are evenly distributed along the circumference on the upper side of the cover plate 40. An upper ventilation hole 45 with an upper end extending to the upper end of the switch valve body 9 is provided at the lower end of each piston ring 31 corresponding to the position of each lower ventilation hole. A connecting pipe 46 is fixedly installed in a sealed manner in each lower ventilation hole. The outer side of the upper part of each connecting pipe 46 is sleeved in the upper ventilation hole 45 at the corresponding position.

[0099] In order to prevent interference between the connecting pipe 46 and the movable plate 4, a relief groove with an outward opening is provided at the upper end of the movable plate 4 corresponding to the position of each connecting pipe 46. The relief groove can be arc-shaped or rectangular, so that the pressurized medium can enter the intake pipe 3 through the upper ventilation hole 45, the connecting pipe 46 and the lower ventilation hole.

[0100] According to requirements, the valve core 43 has a cylindrical structure with a closed upper end and an open lower end. A lower sealing surface with a tapered shape that is smaller at the upper part and larger at the lower part is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the valve core 43. A plurality of air intake small holes communicating inside and outside are provided at intervals on the outer side of the upper part of the valve core 43. The outer side of the lower part of the valve core 43 is sleeved inside the lower intake inner ring platform 42. The inner side of the lower part of the upper intake inner ring platform 41 has an upper sealing surface matching the lower sealing surface. The sixth elastic reset member 44 is a known technology in the art, such as a compression spring.

[0101] After the input pipe 1 inputs the pressurized medium, the pressurized medium flows into the connecting pipe 2 below the fixed plate through the switch valve body 9, the air inlet pipe 3 and the check valve. By setting the check valve, the pressure of the medium entering the lower part of the connecting pipe 2 can be ensured to be stable, and it can be avoided that the input pipe 1 moves downward during use and is separated from the upper end of the support rod 7, resulting in the leakage of the medium in the lower part of the connecting pipe 2, and the stability of the switching switch can be improved.

[0102] After the pressurized medium is first filled into the input pipe 1, the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves and inserts into the first guide hole 25, so that the first gear rod 11 contracts into the switch channel 15 at the corresponding position. The sliding plate 5 moves downward. After the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 contacts the lower end of the second gear rod 34, the lower end of the input pipe 1 is communicated with the upper end of the air inlet pipe 3, and the valve core 43 moves downward.

[0103] In this way, the pressurized medium is continuously introduced into the input pipe 1. The pressurized medium enters the connecting pipe 2 above the first mounting plate 19 through the input pipe 1, and then enters the upper end of the air inlet pipe 3 after passing through the switch valve body 9. In this way, the pressurized medium can be injected into the lower end of the air inlet pipe 3, and the check valve can timely seal the pressurized medium in the lower part of the connecting pipe 2.

[0104] After the pressurized medium is secondarily filled into the input pipe 1, the upper end of the second switch rod 38 moves upward and inserts into the second guide hole 36 at the corresponding position, so that the second gear rod 34 moves outward and is separated from the first mounting plate 19. After the upper end of the fixed rod 20 is in sealing contact with the lower end of the input pipe 1, the lower end of the input pipe 1 is not communicated with the upper end of the air inlet pipe 3. The sliding plate 5 moves upward, and the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves upward so that the end of the first gear rod 11 extends into the switch channel 15 and contacts the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21.

[0105] In this way, when the pressurized medium is introduced into the input pipe 1 again, the pressurized medium causes the second switch rod 38 to move upward. After the upper end of the second switch rod 38 inserts into the second guide hole 36, the end of the second gear rod 34 retracts radially. The first mounting plate 19 moves upward to the initial position under the action of the second elastic resetting member 13 and the third elastic resetting member 14, that is, the upper end of the support rod 7 is in sealing contact with the lower end of the sealing ring. In this way, the lower end of the input pipe 1 is not communicated with the upper end of the air inlet pipe 3, and the pressurized medium in the air inlet pipe 3 can be sealed and can be transported to the target position in the well for operation.

[0106] Embodiment Six: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 、 5As shown in FIGS. 6 and 10, at the lower end of the upper fixing plate 39 corresponding to the outer position of the intake pipe 3, first limiting through holes 47 corresponding to the sliding plates 5 one by one are distributed. The outer side of the lower part of the sliding plate 5 is slidably installed in the first limiting through holes 47 at corresponding positions. At the lower end of the upper fixing plate 39 corresponding to each position of the second switch rod 38, second limiting through holes 48 are provided. The outer side of the lower part of the second switch rod 38 is slidably installed in the second limiting through holes 48 at corresponding positions.

[0107] The setting of the first limiting through holes 47 can play a constraining effect on the sliding plate 5. The setting of the second limiting through holes 48 can play a constraining effect on the second switch rod 38. After the second switch rod 38 moves upward, it can accurately insert into the second guiding holes 36 at corresponding positions, so that the second gear rod 34 can retract smoothly.

[0108] Embodiment Seven: As shown in FIGS. Figure 11 、 15 17, 19, and 20, the fracturing device includes a switching switch, a third positioning component, and a gas storage tank. Inside the connecting pipe 2 corresponding to the lower side position of the upper fixing plate 39, a gas storage tank with both the upper end and the lower end capable of axial expansion and contraction is provided. The outer side of the upper part of the gas storage tank is fixedly installed together with the lower part of the second switch rod 38.

[0109] According to requirements, the gas storage tank can be made of existing well-known elastic materials, such as rubber materials. The outer side of the middle part of the gas storage tank is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe 2 through existing well-known technologies. For example, the outer side of the middle part of the gas storage tank between adjacent two sliding plates 5 is adhesively bonded to the inner wall of the connecting pipe 2 with glue. In this way, the sliding plate 5 can move up and down in the annulus between the outer side of the gas storage tank and the inner side of the connecting pipe 2. The gas storage tank can also be an existing well-known telescopic cylinder, such as a piston cylinder or a folding cylinder. The outer side of the upper part of the gas storage tank is fixedly installed together with the lower part of the second switch rod 38. In this way, after the gas storage tank is filled with a pressurized medium, the upper end and the lower end of the gas storage tank extend and move away from each other, that is, the upper end of the gas storage tank moves upward and the lower end of the gas storage tank moves downward. This can drive the upper end of the second switch rod 38 to move upward. When a certain amount of the pressurized medium in the gas storage tank is injected, the valve core 43 moves upward and the one-way valve closes, and the lower end of the input pipe 1 is not connected to the intake pipe 3, so that the pressurized medium cannot be continuously filled into the gas storage tank.

[0110] At the inner side of the lower end of the connecting pipe 2 corresponding to the position below the gas storage tank, a bottom plate 49 is fixedly installed. Between the upper side of the bottom plate 49 and the lower end of the gas storage tank, a third positioning component is provided. The upper end of the third positioning component is installed together with the lower end of the sliding plate 5. The outer side of the lower part of the sliding plate 5 is evenly distributed with a plurality of transition air outlet holes 50 at intervals up and down. At the outer side of the lower part of the connecting pipe 2 corresponding to each transition air outlet hole 50, an externally and internally connected external air outlet hole 51 is provided. At the outer side of the gas storage tank corresponding to each transition air outlet hole 50, an externally and internally connected internal air outlet hole 52 is provided.

[0111] According to requirements, the sliding plate 5 is in an arc shape with the opening facing inwards. The inner side of the sliding plate 5 is in sealed contact with the gas storage tank, which can close the inner air outlet 52, or the outer side of the sliding plate 5 is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the connecting pipe 2, which can close the outer air outlet 51. In this way, after the sliding plate 5 moves downward after the first charging of the pressurized medium in the input pipe 1, it is fixed by the third positioning component, so that the inner air outlet 52 and the outer air outlet 51 are not connected to each other, preventing the inner air outlet 52 and the outer air outlet 51 from communicating with each other. In this way, the pressurized medium can be quickly input into the gas storage tank, and the inflation operation can be quickly completed. The pressurized medium can be the well-known supercritical carbon dioxide in the prior art.

[0112] After the nth charging of the pressurized medium in the input pipe 1, the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves and inserts into the first guiding hole 25, causing the first gear rod 11 to contract into the switch channel 15 at the corresponding position. After the sliding plate 5 moves downward, it engages with the third positioning component, and the inner air outlet 52 is closed. After the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 contacts the lower end of the second gear rod 34, the lower end of the input pipe 1 communicates with the upper end of the intake pipe 3. After the valve core 43 moves downward, the pressurized medium is filled into the gas storage tank, and the two ends of the gas storage tank move away from each other and elongate when the gas storage tank is inflated.

[0113] After the first charging of the pressurized medium in the input pipe 1, the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves and inserts into the first guiding hole 25, causing the first gear rod 11 to contract into the switch channel 15 at the corresponding position. The sliding plate 5 moves downward. After the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 contacts the lower end of the second gear rod 34, the lower end of the input pipe 1 communicates with the upper end of the intake pipe 3. After the movable plate 4 moves downward, it drives the sliding plate 5 to move downward and is fixed by the third positioning component, and the inner air outlet 52 is closed. The inner air outlet 52 and the outer air outlet 51 are not connected to each other. At the same time, after the valve core 43 moves downward, the one-way valve is opened. In this way, the pressurized medium is continuously introduced into the input pipe 1. The pressurized medium enters the connecting pipe 2 above the first mounting plate 19 through the input pipe 1, and then enters the upper end of the intake pipe 3 after passing through the switch valve body 9. In this way, the pressurized medium can be injected into the gas storage tank. The one-way valve can timely seal the pressurized medium at the lower part of the connecting pipe 2. When a certain amount of pressurized medium is injected into the gas storage tank, the gas injection stops. After the valve core 43 moves upward, the one-way valve closes, and the lower end of the input pipe 1 is not connected to the intake pipe 3, so that the pressurized medium cannot be continuously filled into the gas storage tank.

[0114] After the upper end of the second switch rod 38 moves upward, it can accurately insert into the second guiding hole 36 at the corresponding position, enabling the second gear rod 34 to retract smoothly. Then the first mounting plate 19 starts to move upward, causing the support rod 7 to move upward and be in sealed contact with the lower end of the sealing ring. The lower end of the input pipe 1 is not connected to the intake pipe 3, so that the pressurized medium cannot be continuously filled into the gas storage tank, thus completing the inflation operation of the gas storage tank.

[0115] After the (n + 1)-th charging of the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the third positioning component and the sliding plate 5 are separated from each other. After the upper end of the second switch rod 38 moves upward and is inserted into the corresponding second guiding hole 36, the second stop lever 34 moves outward and is separated from the first mounting plate 19. The inner air outlet hole 52, the transition air outlet hole 50 and the outer air outlet hole 51 are in one-to-one correspondence and communicate with each other. The air storage tank starts to exhaust. When the air storage tank exhausts, the two ends of the air storage tank approach and reset to each other. The lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves upward so that the end of the first stop lever 11 extends into the switch channel 15 and contacts the lower end of the limit ring platform 21.

[0116] After the second charging of the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, after the valve core 43 moves downward, the one-way valve opens, and the pressurized medium continues to be injected into the air storage tank. The two ends of the air storage tank continue to move away from each other. After the upper end of the second switch rod 38 moves upward and is inserted into the corresponding second guiding hole 36, the second stop lever 34 moves outward and is separated from the first mounting plate 19. After the upper end of the fixed rod 20 is in sealed contact with the lower end of the input pipe 1, the lower end of the input pipe 1 and the upper end of the air inlet pipe 3 are not connected to each other. The sliding plate 5 moves upward. The lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves upward so that the end of the first stop lever 11 extends into the switch channel 15 and contacts the lower end of the limit ring platform 21. In this way, when the pressurized medium is continuously introduced into the input pipe 1, the pressurized medium causes the sliding plate 5 to be separated from the third positioning component and then starts to move upward to the initial position. The inner air outlet hole 52, the transition air outlet hole 50 and the outer air outlet hole 51 are in one-to-one correspondence and communicate with each other. The pressurized medium in the air storage tank is discharged through the inner air outlet hole 52, the transition air outlet hole 50 and the outer air outlet hole 51, and then the fracturing operation can be carried out on the target position in the well. The pressure of the (n + 1)-th charging of the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1 is greater than the pressure of the n-th charging of the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1.

[0117] In this way, the fracturing device is moved to multiple target positions in the well, and the above steps are repeated, and the fracturing operation can be carried out on multiple target positions in the well.

[0118] According to actual needs, the above fracturing device can be further optimized and / or improved:

[0119] Embodiment Eight: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figures 11 to 20 As shown, the air storage tank includes a gas storage pipe 53, an upper air storage cylinder 54, a lower air storage cylinder 55, a seventh elastic resetting member 56 and an eighth elastic resetting member 57. A tubular gas storage pipe 53 is sleeved on the inner side of the lower part of the connecting pipe 2 corresponding to the position below the upper fixing plate 39. The upper air storage cylinder 54 is hermetically sleeved on the inner side of the upper end of the gas storage pipe 53, and the lower air storage cylinder 55 is hermetically sleeved on the inner side of the lower end of the gas storage pipe 53.

[0120] According to requirements, the inner air cylinder is arranged outside the gas storage pipe 53. The upper gas storage cylinder 54 and the lower gas storage cylinder 55 are tubular structures with opposite openings. The upper gas storage cylinder 54 is sleeved inside the gas storage pipe 53. Sealing rings are provided between the outer side of the lower end of the upper gas storage cylinder 54 and the inner side of the upper part of the gas storage pipe 53, and between the outer side of the upper end of the lower gas storage cylinder 55 and the outer side of the lower part of the gas storage pipe 53. In this way, during the up and down movement of the upper gas storage cylinder 54 and the lower gas storage cylinder 55, the sealing performance between them and the gas storage pipe 53 can be ensured, and the sealing performance of the gas storage tank can be guaranteed. A number of arc-shaped sliding plates 5 with openings facing inwards are distributed at intervals along the circumference between the outer side of the gas storage pipe 53 and the inner side of the connecting pipe 2. The inner side of the sliding plate 5 is in sealed contact with the outer side of the gas storage pipe 53. In this way, after the sliding plate 5 moves downwards, the inner air outlet hole 52 at the corresponding position can be closed.

[0121] The lower side of each second switch rod 38 is fixedly installed together with the outer side of the upper part of the upper gas storage cylinder 54. The sliding plate 5 passes through the annular space between the gas storage pipe 53 and the connecting pipe 2. A seventh elastic resetting member 56 is provided between the lower side of the upper fixing plate 39 and the upper end of the upper gas storage cylinder 54. An eighth elastic resetting member 57 is provided between the lower end of the lower gas storage cylinder 55 and the upper end of the third positioning assembly.

[0122] According to requirements, both the seventh elastic resetting member 56 and the eighth elastic resetting member 57 are well-known prior arts, such as compression springs, and the specification parameters of the seventh elastic resetting member 56 and the eighth elastic resetting member 57 are the same. In order to prevent the seventh elastic resetting member 56 and the eighth elastic resetting member 57 from deflecting during use, upper annular grooves with opposite openings are provided at the lower end of the upper fixing plate 39 and the upper end of the upper gas storage cylinder 54. The upper and lower ends of the seventh elastic resetting member 56 are respectively installed in the upper annular grooves at the corresponding positions. By means of the seventh elastic resetting member 56 and the eighth elastic resetting member 57, at any position in the well, the upper gas storage cylinder 54 and the lower gas storage cylinder 55 can move away from or close to each other synchronously. Especially in the horizontal section, after the pressurized medium in the gas storage tank is discharged, the upper gas storage cylinder 54 and the lower gas storage cylinder 55 can approach each other under the joint action of the seventh elastic resetting member 56 and the eighth elastic resetting member 57 and return to the initial state. It can also avoid the phenomenon that the inner air outlet hole 52 and the outer air outlet hole 51 are misaligned after the gas storage pipe 53 moves up and down, resulting in the failure of the pressurized medium to be discharged, and can smoothly carry out multiple fracturing operations in the well. In order for the inner arc surface and the outer ring surface of the sliding plate 5 to be in sealed contact with the inner wall of the connecting pipe 2 and the outer wall of the gas storage pipe 53 respectively, the first limiting through hole 47 is a notch with an opening facing outwards.

[0123] Embodiment Nine: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 11 、 17As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, a second through hole is provided at the upper end of the upper air storage cylinder 54 corresponding to the position of the first connection hole, and a third through hole is provided at the lower end of the lower air storage cylinder 55 corresponding to the position of the second connection hole. An air pipe 58 is fixedly installed in the first connection hole in a sealed manner and sequentially passes through the second connection hole and the third connection hole downward. The outer side of the upper part of the air pipe 58 is sleeved in a seventh elastic reset member 56, and the outer side of the lower part of the air pipe 58 is sleeved in an eighth elastic reset member 57. A plurality of air inflation holes 82 communicating inside and outside are distributed at intervals on the outer side of the middle part of the air pipe 58 between the lower part of the seventh elastic reset member 56 and the upper part of the eighth elastic reset member 57.

[0124] To ensure the sealing performance of the air storage tank, sealing rings sleeved on the outer side of the air pipe 58 are installed on the inner walls of the second connection hole and the third connection hole. Due to the arrangement of the air inflation holes 82, the pressurized medium entering the air pipe 58 can flow into the air storage tank evenly, avoiding the offset phenomenon when the pressures received on the inner sides of the upper air storage cylinder 54 and the lower air storage cylinder 55 are different. When the upper air storage cylinder 54 and the lower air storage cylinder 55 move up and down, all the air inflation holes 82 are located inside the air storage tank.

[0125] To prevent the upper air storage cylinder 54 and the lower air storage cylinder 55 from having too large an offset distance during the up and down movement, a plurality of upper limiting rods 80 evenly distributed at intervals along the circumference are fixedly installed between the inner side of the upper part of the air storage pipe 53 corresponding to the lower end position of the upper air storage cylinder 54 and the outer side of the air pipe 58, and a plurality of lower limiting rods 81 evenly distributed at intervals along the circumference are fixedly installed between the inner side of the lower part of the air storage pipe 53 corresponding to the upper end position of the lower air storage cylinder 55 and the outer side of the air pipe 58.

[0126] Embodiment Ten: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figures 11 to 24 As shown, the third switch assembly includes a switch sleeve 59, a switch pin 60, a ninth elastic reset member 61, a column 63, a reversing sleeve 64 and a tenth elastic reset member 62. A lower fixing plate 65 is fixedly installed in the communicating pipe 2 corresponding to the position below the lower air storage cylinder 55 and above the third positioning assembly. The eighth elastic reset member 57 is arranged between the lower end of the lower air storage cylinder 55 and the upper side of the lower fixing plate 65. The lower end of the air pipe 58 passes through the third connection hole and is fixedly installed together with the upper side of the lower fixing plate 65.

[0127] Lower annular grooves with opposite openings are provided at the lower end of the lower air storage cylinder 55 and the upper end of the lower fixing plate 65. The upper and lower ends of the eighth elastic reset member 57 are respectively installed in the corresponding lower annular grooves. The settings of the lower fixing plate 65 and the upper fixing plate 39 can limit the movement of the upper air storage cylinder 54 and the lower air storage cylinder 55.

[0128] A second mounting plate 66 is provided below the lower fixing plate 65. A second through hole penetrating up and down is provided on the lower side of the lower fixing plate 65 corresponding to each sliding plate 5. The lower end of the sliding plate 5 passes through the second through hole at the corresponding position and is fixedly installed on the upper side of the second mounting plate 66. A switch sleeve 59 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the second mounting plate 66. A plurality of radially penetrating second mounting holes 67 are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumference on the outer side of the lower part of the switch sleeve 59. A switch pin 60 is slidably installed in each second mounting hole 67. A ninth elastic reset member 61 is installed between the outer side of the middle part of the switch pin 60 and the inner wall of the second mounting hole 67. A column 63 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate 49. An upper outer ring platform 68 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the column 63. The upper outer ring platform 68 is in a conical shape with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part. A reversing sleeve 64 sleeved on the outer side of the column 63 is provided below the upper outer ring platform 68. The reversing sleeve 64 is in a spindle shape with a thicker middle part and thinner two sides. A tenth elastic reset member 62 is provided between the upper end of the reversing sleeve 64 and the lower end of the upper outer ring platform 68.

[0129] According to requirements, both the ninth elastic reset member 61 and the tenth elastic reset member 62 are well-known prior arts, such as compression springs. A fifth guiding inclined surface 72 is provided at the end of the switch pin 60 located inside the switch sleeve 59. The upper part of the fifth guiding inclined surface 72 is inclined inwards relative to the lower part. After the switch sleeve 59 moves downwards with the sliding plate 5, the inner end of the switch pin 60 will be squeezed by the upper outer ring platform 68. After the upper outer ring platform 68 squeezes the fifth guiding inclined surface 72, the switch pin 60 retracts into the second mounting hole 67 at the corresponding position. In this way, the switch pin 60 will move below the upper outer ring platform 68. When the sliding plate 5 stops moving, the lower end of the upper outer ring platform 68 contacts the end of the switch pin 60. The upper outer ring platform 68 can prevent the switch pin 60 from resetting after moving upwards. In this way, the upper outer ring platform 68 can fix the switch pin 60, so that the inner air outlet hole 52 and the outer air outlet hole 51 are not communicated with each other.

[0130] To facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the switch pin 60, the second mounting hole 67 includes a threaded hole, a mounting straight hole, and a sliding hole 75 that are sequentially connected from the outside to the inside. A switch setscrew is screwed into the threaded hole. The cross-sections of the sliding hole 75 and the switch pin 60 are both rectangular. A fifth guiding inclined surface 72 is provided at the lower part of the switch pin 60. A ninth elastic reset member 61 is installed in the mounting straight hole between the switch setscrew and the end of the switch pin 60. The second mounting hole 67 may also include a first straight hole 73, a second straight hole 74, and a sliding hole 75 that are sequentially connected from the outside to the inside. Both the first straight hole 73 and the second straight hole 74 are circular holes, and the diameter of the second straight hole 74 is greater than that of the first straight hole 73. The cross-sections of the sliding hole 75 and the switch pin 60 are both rectangular. An extension rod 76 is fixed to the end of the switch pin 60 and extends outward and passes through the second straight hole 74 and the first straight hole 73. A locking nut 77 is screwed on the outer side of the end of the extension rod 76 corresponding to the outer side of the switch sleeve 59. The ninth elastic reset member 61 is sleeved on the outer side of the extension rod 76. One end of the ninth elastic reset member 61 abuts against the end of the switch pin 60, and the other end of the ninth reset member abuts against the step surface between the second straight hole 74 and the first straight hole 73.

[0131] A limiting step is provided on the outer side of the column 63 corresponding to the lower end position of the commutation sleeve 64. After the (n + 1)-th time of charging the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the sliding plate 5 moves downward, causing the switch sleeve 59 and the switch pin 60 to move downward. When the fifth guiding inclined surface 72 of the switch pin 60 moves downward to the outer side of the upper part of the commutation sleeve 64, it is squeezed, and the switch pin 60 will retract into the second mounting hole 67. In this way, the switch pin 60 will move below the commutation sleeve 64, and then the sliding plate 5 starts to move upward. After the switch pin 60 moves upward, it drives the commutation sleeve 64 to move upward and squeeze the tenth elastic reset member 62. When the upper end of the commutation sleeve 64 contacts the lower end of the upper outer ring platform 68 (a fixed ring groove is provided at the lower end of the upper outer ring platform 68, and the tenth elastic reset member 62 is installed in the fixed ring groove and can retract into the fixed ring groove after being squeezed), or the distance between the upper end of the commutation sleeve 64 and the lower end of the upper outer ring platform 68 is less than the height of the switch pin 60, or a frustum-shaped groove with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part is provided at the lower end of the upper outer ring platform 68. When the outer side of the upper part of the commutation sleeve 64 moves upward and fits into the compressed tenth elastic reset member 62 in the moving frustum-shaped groove, when the switch pin 60 continues to move upward with the switch sleeve 59, it will be squeezed by the outer side of the lower part of the commutation sleeve 64, and the switch pin 60 will retract into the second mounting hole 67 again. At the same time, the switch pin 60 and the switch sleeve 59 continue to move upward. In this way, the switch pin 60 can move from the outer side of the lower part of the commutation sleeve 64 above the upper outer ring platform 68 and then reset, finally making the inner air outlet 52, the transition air outlet 50, and the outer air outlet 51 correspond to each other and communicate with each other, and then the fracturing operation can be carried out.

[0132] To prevent the lower air storage cylinder 55 from moving downward by too large a distance, a number of third through holes that penetrate up and down are evenly distributed at intervals along the outer circumference of the upper part of the lower fixing plate 65. A limiting plate 78 is slidably installed in each third through hole. The upper side of each limiting plate 78 is fixedly installed with the lower end of the lower air storage cylinder 55. The lower side of each limiting plate 78 passes through the second mounting plate 66 and is located between the lower side of the switch sleeve 59 and the upper side of the bottom plate 49 (the upper side of the second mounting plate 66 is provided with fourth through holes corresponding to the third through holes one by one). To increase the contact area between the limiting plate 78 and the bottom plate 49, a horizontally arranged third mounting plate 79 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the limiting plate 78.

[0133] After the nth time of charging the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves and inserts into the first guiding hole 25, causing the first gear rod 11 to contract into the switch channel 15 at the corresponding position. After the sliding plate 5 moves downward, the lower end of the upper outer ring platform 68 contacts the inner end of the switch pin 60, and the inner air outlet hole 52 is closed. After the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 contacts the lower end of the second gear rod 34, the lower end of the input pipe 1 is communicated with the upper end of the intake pipe 3. After the valve core 43 moves downward, the pressurized medium is charged into the vent pipe 58. When the vent pipe 58 is inflated, the upper air storage cylinder 54 and the lower air storage cylinder 55 move away from each other.

[0134] After the first time of charging the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves and inserts into the first guiding hole 25, causing the first gear rod 11 to contract into the switch channel 15 at the corresponding position. The sliding plate 5 moves downward. After the upper end of the first mounting plate 19 contacts the lower end of the second gear rod 34, the lower end of the input pipe 1 is communicated with the upper end of the intake pipe 3. After the movable plate 4 moves downward, the sliding plate 5 is fixed by the switch pin 60 and moves downward, and the inner air outlet hole 52 is closed. The inner air outlet hole 52 and the outer air outlet hole 51 are not communicated with each other. At the same time, after the valve core 43 moves downward, the one-way valve is opened. In this way, by continuously introducing the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the pressurized medium enters the connecting pipe 2 above the first mounting plate 19 through the input pipe 1, and then enters the upper end of the intake pipe 3 after passing through the switch valve body 9. In this way, the pressurized medium can be injected into the gas storage tank. The upper air storage cylinder 54 and the lower air storage cylinder 55 move away from each other under the action of the pressurized medium. The one-way valve can timely seal the pressurized medium at the lower part of the connecting pipe 2. When a certain amount of pressurized medium is injected into the gas storage tank, after the valve core 43 moves upward, the one-way valve closes, and the lower end of the input pipe 1 is not communicated with the intake pipe 3. In this way, it is impossible to continue charging the pressurized medium into the gas storage tank, and thus the inflation operation of the gas storage tank is completed.

[0135] After the (n + 1)-th charging of the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, the lower end of the upper outer ring platform 68 and the inner end of the switch pin 60 are separated from each other and then reset. After the sliding plate 5 moves upward, the inner air outlet hole 52, the transition air outlet hole 50, and the outer air outlet hole 51 are communicated with each other in sequence. The gas storage pipe 53 starts to exhaust. When the gas storage pipe 53 exhausts, the upper gas storage cylinder 54 and the lower gas storage cylinder 55 approach each other and reset. The upper end of the second switch rod 38 moves upward and is inserted into the corresponding second guiding hole 36, causing the second gear lever 34 to move outward and separate from the first mounting plate 19 and then reset. The lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves upward, causing the end of the first gear lever 11 to extend into the switch channel 15 and contact the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21 to reset. The third positioning assembly is separated from the sliding plate 5. The upper end of the second switch rod 38 moves upward and is inserted into the corresponding second guiding hole 36, causing the second gear lever 34 to move outward and separate from the first mounting plate 19. The inner air outlet hole 52, the transition air outlet hole 50, and the outer air outlet hole 51 are communicated with each other in sequence. The gas storage tank starts to exhaust. When the gas storage tank exhausts, the two ends of the gas storage tank approach each other and reset. The lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves upward, causing the end of the first gear lever 11 to extend into the switch channel 15 and contact the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21.

[0136] After the second charging of the pressurized medium into the input pipe 1, after the valve core 43 moves downward, the one-way valve opens, and the pressurized medium continues to be injected into the gas storage tank. The upper gas storage cylinder 54 and the lower gas storage cylinder 55 continue to move away from each other. The upper end of the second switch rod 38 moves upward and is inserted into the corresponding second guiding hole 36, causing the second gear lever 34 to move outward and separate from the first mounting plate 19. After the upper end of the fixing rod 20 is in sealed contact with the lower end of the input pipe 1, the lower end of the input pipe 1 and the upper end of the intake pipe 3 are not communicated with each other. The sliding plate 5 moves upward. The lower end of the first switch rod 12 moves upward, causing the end of the first gear lever 11 to extend into the switch channel 15 and contact the lower end of the limiting ring platform 21. In this way, when the pressurized medium continues to be introduced into the input pipe 1, the pressurized medium causes the second switch rod 38 to move upward. After the upper end of the second switch rod 38 is inserted into the second guiding hole 36, the end of the second gear lever 34 retracts radially. Under the action of the second elastic resetting member 13 and the third elastic resetting member 14, the first mounting plate 19 moves upward to the initial position, that is, the upper end of the support rod 7 is in sealed contact with the lower end of the sealing ring. In this way, the lower end of the input pipe 1 and the upper end of the intake pipe 3 are not communicated with each other. After the first mounting plate 19 is reset, the movable plate 4 is reset under the action of the first elastic resetting member 6, that is, the movable plate 4 moves upward to the initial position. In this way, after the sliding plate 5 is separated from the third positioning assembly, it starts to move upward to the initial position. The inner air outlet hole 52, the transition air outlet hole 50, and the outer air outlet hole 51 correspond to each other and are communicated with each other. The pressurized medium in the gas storage tank is discharged through the inner air outlet hole 52, the transition air outlet hole 50, and the outer air outlet hole 51, and then the fracturing operation can be carried out on the target position in the well. In this way, the fracturing device is moved to multiple target positions in the well, and the above steps are repeated, and the fracturing operation can be carried out on multiple target positions in the well.

[0137] At the initial state:

[0138] The first elastic reset member 6, the second elastic reset member 13, the third elastic reset member 14, the fourth elastic reset member 23, the fifth elastic reset member 35, the sixth elastic reset member 44, the seventh elastic reset member 56, the eighth elastic reset member 57, the ninth elastic reset member 61 and the tenth elastic reset member 62 are all in the natural state.

[0139] The upper end of the fixed rod 20 is in sealed contact with the lower end of the sealing ring. Under the action of the fifth elastic reset member 35, the opening diameter formed by all the second gear rods 34 is smaller than the diameter of the first mounting plate 19. The first mounting plate 19 is located above the second gear rods 34. The lower end of the second fixed ring platform 17 is in contact with the upper end of the first fixed ring platform 16. Under the action of the fourth elastic reset member 23, the upper side of the end of all the first gear rods 11 located in the switch channel 15 is in contact with the lower end of the limit ring platform 21. The lower end of the push rod 10 is in contact with the upper end of the support rod 7. The upper end of the valve core 43 is in contact with the inner side of the lower part of the upper air inlet inner ring platform 41. The distance between the lower end of the upper air storage cylinder 54 and the upper end of the lower air storage cylinder 55 is the smallest. The lower end of the switch sleeve 59 is located above the column 63. The opening diameter formed by the ends of all the switch pins 60 located in the switch sleeve 59 is smaller than the diameter of the lower end of the upper outer ring platform 68. The inner air outlet hole 51, the transition air outlet hole 50 and the outer air outlet hole 52 are in one-to-one correspondence and communication.

[0140] After the pressure-bearing medium is first filled into the input pipe 1:

[0141] The pressure-bearing medium presses the upper end of the fixed rod 20. The fixed rod 20 drives the first mounting plate 19 to move downward and presses the second elastic reset member 13 and the third elastic reset member 14, so that the second fixed ring platform 17 presses the first fixed ring platform 16. At this time, the switch valve body 9 moves downward under the action of the third elastic reset member 14. The lower end of the limit ring platform 21 abuts against the upper side of the end of all the first gear rods 11 located in the switch channel 15, and the first switch rod 12 starts to move downward.

[0142] The lower part of the first switch rod 12 is completely inserted into the first guide hole 25. The second guide inclined surface 69 of the first switch rod 12 presses the inner wall of the first guide hole 25, so that the fourth elastic reset member 23 is compressed. In this way, the first gear rod 11 retracts into the first mounting hole 24, and the opening formed by all the first gear rods 11 is larger than the diameter of the limit ring platform 21. In this way, the limit ring platform 21 moves to the lower side of the first gear rod 11. After the limit ring platform 21 moves to the lower side of the first gear rod 11, the end of the first gear rod 11 extends into the switch channel 15 under the action of the fourth elastic reset member 23. After the lower end of the push rod 10 moves downward, it is in contact with the upper end of the support rod 7.

[0143] When the first mounting plate 19 moves to the upper side of the second shift lever 34, the lower side of the switch valve body 9 contacts the upper side of the movable plate 4. After the first mounting plate 19 continues to move downward, it presses the third guiding inclined surface 70 of the second shift lever 34. The third shift lever 34 presses the fifth elastic resetting member 35 and then begins to move radially outward. The opening diameter formed by all the third shift levers 34 becomes larger until the first mounting plate 19 moves to the lower side of the second shift lever 34. At the same time, the switch valve body 9 presses the movable plate 4, causing the movable plate 4 to press the first elastic resetting member 1 and contract. After the movable plate 4 moves downward, it drives the sliding rod 5 to move downward. After the sliding rod 5 moves downward, it drives the switch sleeve 59 to move downward. The fifth guiding inclined surface 72 of the switch pin 60 abuts against the outer side of the upper outer ring platform 68 of the column 63 and then retracts into the second mounting hole 67 (the ninth elastic resetting member 61 is compressed). Then the switch sleeve 59 continues to move downward. After the switch pin 60 moves below the upper outer ring platform 68, the end of the switch pin 60 extends into the switch sleeve 59 under the action of the ninth elastic resetting member 61;

[0144] The inner air outlet hole 51, the transition air outlet hole 50 and the outer air outlet hole 52 are not communicated with each other. The pressurized medium enters the air inlet pipe 3 above the upper air inlet inner ring platform 41 through the input pipe 1, the switch valve body 9 and the connecting pipe 46, and then presses the upper end of the valve core 43. The valve core 43 presses the sixth elastic resetting member 44 and then begins to move downward and separates from the upper air inlet inner ring platform 41. In this way, the pressurized medium enters the ventilation pipe 58 through the upper air inlet inner ring platform 41, the air inlet small hole, the valve core 43 and the lower air inlet inner ring platform 42, and then enters the air storage cylinder through the inflation hole 82. After the lower air storage cylinder 55 begins to move downward and presses the eighth elastic resetting member 57, the upper air storage cylinder 54 begins to move upward and presses the seventh elastic resetting member 56. After the upper air storage cylinder 54 moves upward, it drives the upper end of the second switch lever 38 to move upward.

[0145] When the upper end of the second switch lever 38 moves to be close to the second guiding hole 36 of the second shift lever 34 and then stops injecting the pressurized medium, the pressurized medium no longer presses the upper end of the fixed rod 20. The lower end of the first mounting plate 19 abuts against the upper side of the second shift lever 34. The upper side of the end of the switch pin 60 located in the switch sleeve 59 abuts against the lower end of the upper outer ring platform 68. The first elastic resetting member 6, the second elastic resetting member 13, the third elastic resetting member 14, the fourth elastic resetting member 23, the seventh elastic resetting member 56 and the eighth elastic resetting member 57 are all in a compressed state. The fifth elastic resetting member 35, the sixth elastic resetting member 44, the ninth elastic resetting member 61 and the tenth elastic resetting member 62 are all in a natural elongation state.

[0146] Move the pressure device to the target position underground, and the outer air outlet hole 52 corresponds to the target fracturing position. Then, the input pipe 1 is filled with the pressurized medium for the second time:

[0147] The pressurized medium enters the intake pipe 3 above the upper intake inner ring platform 41 after passing through the input pipe 1, the switch valve body 9, and the connecting pipe 46. Then, it squeezes the upper end of the valve core 43. After the valve core 43 squeezes the sixth elastic reset member 44, it starts to move downward and separates from the upper intake inner ring platform 41. In this way, the pressurized medium enters the vent pipe 58 through the upper intake inner ring platform 41, the intake small holes, the valve core 43, and the lower intake inner ring platform 42. Then, it enters the air storage cylinder through the inflation hole 82. As the lower air storage cylinder 55 continues to move downward, it continues to squeeze the eighth elastic reset member 57. As the upper air storage cylinder 54 continues to move upward, it squeezes the seventh elastic reset member 56. When the upper air storage cylinder 54 moves upward, it drives the upper end of the second switch rod 38 to continue moving upward. The upper end of the second switch rod 38 is inserted into the second guiding hole 36 of the second gear rod 34. The fourth guiding inclined surface 71 of the second switch rod 38 squeezes the inner wall of the second guiding hole 36, causing the end of the second gear rod 34 to squeeze the fifth elastic reset member 35 and retract. After the opening formed by the second gear rod 34 becomes larger, the first mounting plate 20 moves upward to the initial position under the action of the second elastic reset member 13, and then the injection of the pressurized medium stops.

[0148] During this process, the switch valve body 9 first moves downward, squeezing the movable plate 4 and causing the sliding plate 35 to continue moving downward. When the sliding plate 38 moves downward, it drives the switch sleeve 59 to move downward, causing the fifth guiding inclined surface 72 of the switch pin 60 to move downward and contact the outer side of the upper part of the reversing sleeve 64. After the fifth guiding inclined surface 72 continues to move downward and squeezes the outer side of the upper part of the reversing sleeve 64, the switch pin 60 starts to retract into the second mounting hole 67. When the fifth guiding inclined surface 72 moves to the outer side of the lower part of the reversing sleeve 64, the lower side of the third mounting plate 79 contacts the upper side of the bottom plate 49, and the sliding plate 5 stops moving downward. Then, it moves upward under the action of the first elastic reset member 6. After the end of the switch pin 60 abuts against the outer side of the lower part of the reversing sleeve 64, it drives the reversing sleeve 64 to move upward. After the reversing sleeve 64 moves upward, it squeezes the tenth elastic reset member 62. When the reversing sleeve 64 stops moving upward, the end of the switch pin 64 located inside the switch sleeve 59 is squeezed and retracts into the second mounting hole 67. When the switch sleeve 59 continues to move upward with the sliding plate 5, it drives the switch pin 60 to move to the initial position after passing through the outer side of the reversing sleeve 64 and the outer side of the upper outer ring platform 68. The inner air outlet hole 51, the transition air outlet hole 50, and the outer air outlet hole 52 are in one-to-one correspondence and communication. The pressurized medium in the air storage cylinder flows out through the inner air outlet hole 51, the transition air outlet hole 50, and the outer air outlet hole 52, and can be used for fracturing operations on the target position in the well. After the pressurized medium is discharged, the seventh elastic reset member 56 and the eighth elastic reset member 57 extend and reset. When the upper air storage cylinder 54 moves downward, it drives the second switch rod 38 to move downward. After the second switch rod 38 moves downward, it separates from the second guiding hole 36. After the fifth elastic reset member 35 resets, the end of the second gear rod 34 extends to the initial state.

[0149] The above technical features respectively constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effects. Non-essential technical features can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims

1. A change-over switch, characterized in that It includes an input pipe, a connecting pipe, an intake pipe, a check valve, a ventilation switch and an axial expansion switch. The input pipe is hermetically sleeved inside the upper part of the connecting pipe. The intake pipe is fixedly installed inside the lower part of the connecting pipe. A check valve is arranged inside the intake pipe. A ventilation switch and an axial expansion switch are arranged between the intake pipe and the input pipe. The axial expansion switch includes a movable plate, a sliding plate and a first elastic reset member. The movable plate is arranged inside the connecting pipe between the ventilation switch and the intake pipe. A plurality of sliding plates, the lower ends of which are hermetically passed through the outer side of the lower part of the intake pipe, are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumference at the lower end of the movable plate. A first elastic reset member is arranged between the lower end of the movable plate and the upper end of the intake pipe. A support rod, the upper end of which abuts against the lower end of the ventilation switch, is fixedly installed at the upper end of the movable plate. After the pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe for the nth time, the ventilation switch acts to connect the lower end of the input pipe and the upper end of the intake pipe to each other, and the sliding plate moves downward. After the pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe for the (n + 1)th time, the sliding plate moves upward, and the ventilation switch acts to disconnect the lower end of the input pipe and the upper end of the intake pipe from each other, where n is a positive integer. The ventilation switch includes a switch valve body, a push rod, a first switch rod, a second elastic reset member, a first positioning component and a second positioning component. The switch valve body is sleeved inside the connecting pipe corresponding to the position above the movable plate. A switch channel penetrating up and down is provided in the center of the upper end of the switch valve body. The push rod is slidably installed inside the switch channel. The lower end of the push rod abuts against the upper end of the support rod. A first fixed ring platform is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the push rod. A fixed sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the first fixed ring platform. A second fixed ring platform is fixedly installed on the inner side of the lower end of the fixed sleeve corresponding to the lower end position of the first fixed ring platform. A first mounting plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the fixed sleeve. A second elastic reset member sleeved inside the fixed sleeve is arranged between the upper end of the first fixed ring platform and the lower end of the first mounting plate. A third elastic reset member sleeved on the outer side of the fixed sleeve is arranged between the upper end of the switch valve body and the lower end of the first mounting plate. A fixed rod is fixedly installed at the upper end of the first mounting plate. The upper end of the fixed rod is in sealed contact with the lower end of the input pipe. A limiting ring platform is fixed on the outer side of the middle part of the push rod. A first positioning component is arranged inside the switch valve body. The upper side inside the first positioning component is in contact with the lower end of the limiting ring platform, and after the first positioning component radially contracts, it is completely separated from the lower end of the limiting ring platform. A first switch rod capable of radially contracting the first positioning component after moving downward is fixedly installed at the lower end of the first mounting plate. A second positioning component capable of radially contracting inside is arranged between the lower part of the first mounting plate and the upper part of the switch valve body. After the pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe for the nth time, the first switch rod and the sliding plate move downward, and the upper end of the first mounting plate is in contact with the first positioning component to connect the lower end of the input pipe and the upper end of the intake pipe to each other. After the pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe for the (n + 1)th time, the first switch rod and the sliding plate move upward, and the upper end of the first mounting plate is separated from the second positioning component, so that the lower end of the input pipe and the upper end of the intake pipe are not connected to each other.

2. The change-over switch according to claim 1, characterized in that The first positioning component includes a first shift lever and a fourth elastic return member. A plurality of first mounting holes with openings facing inwards are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner side of the switch valve body corresponding to the position below the limit ring platform. A first shift lever is slidably mounted along the radial direction in each first mounting hole. The upper side of the inner end of each first shift lever is in contact with the lower end of the limit ring platform. A fourth elastic return member is provided between the outer end of each first shift lever and the inner wall of the first mounting hole. A first guiding hole penetrating up and down is provided on the outer side of the first shift lever corresponding to the position between the fourth elastic return member and the switch channel. The upper part of the first guiding hole is inclined outwards relative to the lower part. A switch hole with a lower end communicating with the first mounting hole is provided at the upper end of the switch valve body corresponding to the upper end of each first guiding hole. A first switch lever fixedly mounted together with the corresponding position at the lower end of the first mounting plate is slidably mounted in each switch hole. When the lower end of the first switch lever moves and inserts into the first guiding hole at the corresponding position, the first shift lever can be contracted into the first mounting hole at the corresponding position. When the lower end of the first switch lever moves upwards into the switch hole, the inner end of the first shift lever extends into the switch channel.

3. The change-over switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A piston ring slidably mounted in the connecting pipe is fixed to the outer side of the lower end of the switch valve body. The outer side of the piston ring is in sealing contact with the inner side of the connecting pipe. An intake baffle is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the intake pipe. A plurality of first intake holes are evenly distributed along the circumference at the upper end of the intake baffle. A second intake hole with a lower end extending to the lower end of the piston ring is provided at the upper end of the switch valve body corresponding to each first intake hole. A second sliding sleeve is slidably mounted in each second intake hole. The lower end of each second sliding sleeve is fixedly mounted in the first intake hole at the corresponding position. The second positioning component includes a second shift lever and a fifth elastic return member. A plurality of second shift levers arranged radially are evenly distributed along the circumference on the inner side of the connecting pipe corresponding to the position between the lower part of the first mounting plate and the upper part of the switch valve body. A fifth elastic return member is fixedly mounted between the outer end of each second shift lever and the inner side of the connecting pipe. A second guiding hole penetrating up and down is provided in the middle of each second shift lever. The upper part of the second guiding hole is inclined inwards relative to the lower part. A first passing hole penetrating up and down is provided at the lower end of the piston ring corresponding to the lower end of each second guiding hole. A second switch lever with an upper end located below the second shift lever is slidably mounted in each first passing hole. After the pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe for the nth time, the lower end of the first switch lever moves and inserts into the first guiding hole, causing the first shift lever to contract into the switch channel at the corresponding position. After the upper end of the first mounting plate comes into contact with the lower end of the second shift lever, the lower end of the input pipe communicates with the upper end of the intake pipe. After the pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe for the (n + 1)th time, the upper end of the second switch lever moves upwards and inserts into the second guiding hole at the corresponding position, causing the second shift lever to move outwards and separate from the first mounting plate. After the upper end of the fixed rod comes into sealing contact with the lower end of the input pipe, the lower end of the input pipe is not connected to the upper end of the intake pipe. When the lower end of the first switch lever moves upwards, the end of the first shift lever extends into the switch channel and comes into contact with the lower end of the limit ring platform.

4. The change-over switch according to claim 3, characterized in that An upper fixing plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper part of the connecting pipe. A first connecting hole penetrating up and down is provided in the center of the upper end of the upper fixing plate. The lower end of the air inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the upper side of the upper fixing plate. An upper air inlet inner ring platform is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper part of the air inlet pipe. The one-way valve includes a valve core and a sixth elastic reset member. A lower air inlet inner ring platform is fixed inside the lower end of the air inlet pipe. The valve core is sleeved inside the lower air inlet inner ring platform. A sixth elastic reset member is provided between the lower end of the valve core and the upper end of the upper fixing plate. The upper end of the valve core is in sealing contact with the inner side of the lower part of the upper air inlet inner ring platform. A cover plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper end of the air inlet pipe corresponding to the position above the upper air inlet inner ring platform. A plurality of lower ventilation holes penetrating up and down are evenly distributed along the circumference on the upper side of the cover plate. The lower end of each piston ring is provided with an upper ventilation hole extending to the upper end of the switch valve body at the upper end. A connecting pipe is fixedly installed in a sealed manner in each lower ventilation hole. The outer side of the upper part of each connecting pipe is sleeved in the upper ventilation hole at the corresponding position.

5. The change-over switch according to claim 4, characterized in that A first limiting through hole corresponding to the sliding plate is distributed at the lower end of the upper fixing plate at the position corresponding to the outer side of the air inlet pipe. The outer side of the lower part of the sliding plate is slidably installed in the first limiting through hole at the corresponding position. A second limiting through hole is provided at the lower end of the upper fixing plate corresponding to each second switch rod position. The outer side of the lower part of the second switch rod is slidably installed in the second limiting through hole at the corresponding position.

6. A fracturing device using a switching switch as described in any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that It includes a switching switch, a third positioning component, and an air storage tank. An air storage tank capable of axially expanding and contracting at both the upper end and the lower end is provided in the connecting pipe at the position corresponding to the lower side of the upper fixing plate. The outer side of the upper part of the air storage tank is fixedly installed together with the lower part of the second switch rod. A bottom plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the lower end of the through pipe at the position corresponding to the lower side of the air storage tank. A third positioning component is provided between the upper side of the bottom plate and the lower end of the air storage tank. The upper end of the third positioning component is installed together with the lower end of the sliding plate. A plurality of transition air outlet holes are evenly distributed at intervals up and down on the outer side of the lower part of the sliding plate. An outer air outlet hole communicating inside and outside is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the connecting pipe corresponding to each transition air outlet hole position. An inner air outlet hole communicating inside and outside is provided on the outer side of the air storage tank corresponding to each transition air outlet hole position. After the nth time of charging the pressurized medium into the input pipe, the lower end of the first switch rod moves and inserts into the first guiding hole, causing the first gear rod to contract into the switch channel at the corresponding position. After the sliding plate moves downward, it engages with the third positioning component, the inner air outlet hole is closed, the upper end of the first mounting plate contacts the lower end of the second gear rod, and then the lower end of the input pipe communicates with the upper end of the air inlet pipe. After the valve core moves downward, the pressurized medium is filled into the air storage tank. When the air storage tank is inflated, the two ends of the air storage tank move away from each other and elongate. After the (n + 1)th time of charging the pressurized medium into the input pipe, the third positioning component separates from the sliding plate. The upper end of the second switch rod moves upward and inserts into the second guiding hole at the corresponding position, causing the second gear rod to move outward and separate from the first mounting plate. The inner air outlet hole, the transition air outlet hole, and the outer air outlet hole communicate with each other one by one. The air storage tank starts to exhaust. When the air storage tank exhausts, the two ends of the air storage tank move closer to each other and reset. The lower end of the first switch rod moves upward, causing the end of the first gear rod to extend into the switch channel and contact the lower end of the limiting ring platform.

7. The fracturing device according to claim 6, wherein The gas storage tank includes a gas storage pipe, an upper gas storage cylinder, a lower gas storage cylinder, a seventh elastic reset member, and an eighth elastic reset member. A tubular gas storage pipe is sleeved inside the lower part of the connecting pipe corresponding to the position below the upper fixing plate. The upper gas storage cylinder is hermetically sleeved inside the upper end of the gas storage pipe, and the lower gas storage cylinder is hermetically sleeved inside the lower end of the gas storage pipe. The lower side of each second switch rod is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper part of the upper gas storage cylinder. The sliding plate passes through the annular space between the gas storage pipe and the connecting pipe. A seventh elastic reset member is provided between the lower side of the upper fixing plate and the upper end of the upper gas storage cylinder, and an eighth elastic reset member is provided between the lower end of the lower gas storage cylinder and the upper end of the third positioning assembly.

8. The fracturing device according to claim 7, wherein A second connecting hole that penetrates up and down is provided at the upper end of the upper gas storage cylinder corresponding to the position of the first connecting hole. A third connecting hole that penetrates up and down is provided at the lower end of the lower gas storage cylinder corresponding to the position of the second connecting hole. A ventilation pipe is hermetically and fixedly installed in the first connecting hole and sequentially passes through the second connecting hole and the third connecting hole at the lower end. The outer side of the upper part of the ventilation pipe is sleeved inside the seventh elastic reset member, and the outer side of the lower part of the ventilation pipe is sleeved inside the eighth elastic reset member. A plurality of internally and externally connected inflation holes are spaced apart on the outer side of the middle part of the ventilation pipe corresponding to the position between the lower part of the seventh elastic reset member and the upper part of the eighth elastic reset member.

9. The fracturing device according to claim 8, wherein The third switch assembly includes a switch sleeve, a switch pin, a ninth elastic reset member, a column, a reversing sleeve, and a tenth elastic reset member. A lower fixing plate is fixedly installed in the connecting pipe corresponding to the position below the lower gas storage cylinder and above the third positioning assembly. The eighth elastic reset member is provided between the lower end of the lower gas storage cylinder and the upper side of the lower fixing plate. The lower end of the ventilation pipe passes through the third connecting hole and is fixedly installed on the upper side of the lower fixing plate. A second mounting plate is provided below the lower fixing plate. A second through hole that penetrates up and down is provided on the lower side of the lower fixing plate corresponding to each sliding plate. The lower end of the sliding plate passes through the corresponding second through hole and is fixedly installed on the upper side of the second mounting plate. A switch sleeve is fixedly installed at the lower end of the second mounting plate. A plurality of radially penetrating second mounting holes are evenly distributed along the circumference on the outer side of the lower part of the switch sleeve. A switch pin is slidably installed in each second mounting hole. A ninth elastic reset member is installed between the outer side of the middle part of the switch pin and the inner wall of the second mounting hole. A column is fixedly installed on the upper side of the bottom plate. An upper outer ring platform is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the column. The upper outer ring platform is in the shape of a cone with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part. A reversing sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the column is provided below the upper outer ring platform. The reversing sleeve is in the shape of a spindle with a thicker middle and thinner sides. A tenth elastic reset member is provided between the upper end of the reversing sleeve and the lower end of the upper outer ring platform. After the pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe for the nth time, the lower end of the first switch rod moves and inserts into the first guiding hole, causing the first gear rod to contract into the switch channel at the corresponding position. After the sliding plate moves downward, the lower end of the upper outer ring platform contacts the inner end of the switch pin, and the inner air outlet is closed. After the upper end of the first mounting plate contacts the lower end of the second gear rod, the lower end of the input pipe is communicated with the upper end of the air inlet pipe. When the valve core moves downward, the pressurized medium is filled into the ventilation pipe. When the ventilation pipe is inflated, the upper gas storage cylinder and the lower gas storage cylinder move away from each other. After the (n + 1)-th pressurized medium is filled into the input pipe, the lower end of the upper outer ring platform and the inner end of the switch pin are separated from each other and then reset. After the sliding plate moves upward, the inner air outlet hole, the transition air outlet hole and the outer air outlet hole are connected in sequence. The air storage pipe starts to exhaust. When the air storage pipe exhausts, the upper air storage cylinder and the lower air storage cylinder move closer to each other and reset. The upper end of the second switch rod moves upward and is inserted into the corresponding second guiding hole, so that the second gear rod moves outward and is separated from the first mounting plate and then resets. The lower end of the first switch rod moves upward, so that the end of the first gear rod extends into the switch channel and contacts the lower end of the limiting ring platform and resets.

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