Sand injection and production research simulation device and experimental method

Abstract

The invention discloses an injection-production sand production research simulation device and an experiment method, and the device comprises an injection system, and also comprises a model main body and an output filtering assembly; at least two horizontal wellbores are arranged in the model main body, a central wellbore is arranged in the center of the model main body, the at least two horizontal wellbores are respectively connected with an injection system, and the central wellbore is connected with an output filtering assembly. The simulation device provided by the invention can realize simulation of stratum sand production under water invasion at different flow speeds, flows and injection-production scales; the change rules of pressure, temperature and injection-production time in the water invasion process can be researched; the formation sand production rule under the conditions of different cementing strength formations, different shaft diameters and different sand control screen pipes can be researched; and visual detection of the whole sand production process of the high-speed water invasion stratum can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil development experimental equipment, and specifically to an injection-production sand production research simulation device and an experimental method. Background Art

[0002] Unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs are widely distributed and rich in reserves, occupying an important position in oil exploitation. However, due to their shallow burial depth, weak self-cementation of rocks, and the characteristic that the cementing material is mainly argillaceous, during the exploitation process, due to different geological conditions, exploitation conditions, completion methods, etc., it is easy for formation fluids to carry solid substances such as formation sand into the wellbore, thereby causing the blockage of the oil and gas migration channels. When the sand production is severe, it will cause formation collapse, damage the casing in the well, and even seriously cause the abandonment of the oil well. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent sand production in sand-producing oil wells.

[0003] In recent years, the sand control process methods have been continuously improved, and the problem of easy sand production during the exploitation of unconsolidated sandstone has been gradually solved. Among many sand control schemes, the gravel packing sand control technology has the characteristics of simple construction method, long effective time, strong applicability, etc., and its method theory, technology and supporting equipment have been continuously developed and improved. Gravel packing completion is currently recognized as a completion method with better sand control effect, and it is widely used in major oilfields in China. Compared with other completion methods, gravel packing completion has stronger advantages. It mainly uses a tightly compacted gravel layer to block sand, can maintain the wellbore stability for a long time and effectively block the formation sand production, and has a good sand control effect.

[0004] The important sand-blocking medium for gravel packing is the gravel packing layer. During the exploitation of oil wells, the formation produced fluid enters the oil well after passing through the gravel layer. And some substances in the formation produced fluid, such as clay particles, formation sand particles, etc., will undergo physical and chemical reactions in the gravel layer, thereby blocking the gravel layer and leading to a decrease in production capacity. At present, the blockage of gravel and the sand-blocking layer has become one of the main problems restricting the production of oil wells. Therefore, studying the blockage mechanism of the gravel layer is of great significance for the actual exploitation of sandstone reservoirs.

[0005] To study the blockage mechanism of the sand-blocking layer and the gravel layer, generally, experimental means are used to conduct displacement experiments with formation sand, gravels of different sizes, and screen pipes with different sand-blocking precisions, study the influence laws of various influencing factors on gravel packing, and then clarify the blockage mechanism of the gravel packing layer. This is of great significance for improving the sand control effect of gravel packing, maintaining the production capacity of oil wells, and extending the life of sand-producing wells. Therefore, a four-injection-one-production experimental device that can simulate formation sand production and conduct displacement simulation is designed.

[0006] Publication (Announcement) Number: CN116296950A discloses an experimental device for sand production erosion in a high-temperature and high-pressure corrosion environment with different well deviations, including a high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave, a sand addition component for providing sand grains, a power component for making the sand grains flow, and a sand inlet pipeline. There is a sand inlet pipeline between the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave and the sand addition component. The power component is arranged on the sand inlet pipeline. A fixture structure for placing specimens is arranged in the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave. The sand inlet pipeline extends into its interior from the top of the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave, and the outlet end of the sand inlet pipeline faces the fixture structure. The fixture structure can adjust its angle relative to the front of the sand inlet pipeline. Through the adjustable-angle fixture structure arranged in the high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave, the invention can conveniently change the erosion angle of the sand production on the specimen, overcomes the deficiencies and defects of the existing experimental devices, and can study the performance of oil well pipes under simulated high-temperature and high-pressure dynamic working conditions.

[0007] This prior art has the technical problem that it cannot simulate the water flow entering the wellbore from different directions.

[0008] Publication (Announcement) Number: CN114034571B discloses an experimental device for simulating oil well dynamic sand production and solid phase control, including a high-pressure reaction kettle, a pressure control system, and a data acquisition and control system; the high-pressure reaction kettle is placed in a temperature control box, with a hollow interior forming a cavity. A core loading rubber sleeve, a core fixing frame, and a solid phase control device are arranged in the cavity. Acoustic probes and temperature controllers are arranged in both the core loading rubber sleeve and the solid phase control device. Fluid pipelines connected to a solid-liquid recovery device are arranged in both the core fixing frame and the solid phase control device. Flow rate meters are arranged in the fluid pipelines. The flow rate meters, acoustic probes, and temperature controllers are all connected to the data acquisition and control system. The pressure control system is used to apply axial pressure, confining pressure, and pore pressure to the core. The invention also discloses an experimental method for predicting the three-dimensional dynamic sand production of an oil well and the effect of solid phase control measures under triaxial stress, simulating the three-dimensional sand production process of an oil well under triaxial stress, and providing a basis for the effect evaluation of solid phase control measures.

[0009] This prior art has the technical problem that it cannot simulate the water flow entering the wellbore from different directions.

[0010] Publication (Announcement) Number: CN112177571B, which discloses a simulation experimental device for gravel packing degree of reservoir deficit sand control wells, including a simulated wellbore system, a packing simulation system, a waste liquid recovery system and a pressure measurement system. The simulated wellbore system includes a simulated formation boundary, a simulated wellbore, a simulated casing, a simulated tubing and a visual formation deficit simulation component; the packing simulation system includes a water tank, a sand mixing tank, a packing pump and a simulated packing string installed in the simulated wellbore; the invention also discloses a simulation experimental method for gravel packing degree of reservoir deficit sand control wells. The invention can highly simulate the formation conditions of multi-round sand production deficit in oil wells due to long-term exploitation, study the variation law of gravel layer packing degree and the distribution characteristics of gravel in deficit reservoirs under different gravel packing construction parameters, and provide a basis for the construction plan and process parameter optimization of gravel packing operations under different deficit conditions.

[0011] This prior art has the technical problem that it cannot simulate the water flow entering the wellbore from different directions.

[0012] In summary, the technical solutions, the technical problems to be solved and the beneficial effects of the above disclosed technologies are all different from those of the present invention. For more technical features, technical problems to be solved and beneficial effects of the present invention, there is no technical inspiration in the above disclosed technical documents. Summary of the Invention

[0013] Aiming at the above defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a simulation device and experimental method for injection-production sand production research to solve the technical problems in the prior art that it cannot simulate the water flow entering the wellbore from different directions, cannot simulate the formation sand production problem under the condition of high-flow velocity water erosion and provide the anti-sand performance of the corresponding screen pipe.

[0014] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0015] A simulation device for injection-production sand production research includes an injection system, and also includes a model main body and a production filtration component; at least two horizontal wellbores are arranged in the model main body, a central wellbore is arranged at the center of the model main body, the at least two horizontal wellbores are respectively connected to the injection system, and the central wellbore is connected to the production filtration component.

[0016] Further, the simulation model main body includes a horizontal wellbore, a central wellbore, a kettle body, a kettle cover and a screen flange;

[0017] Specifically, the kettle body is of a circular structure, an insulating layer is arranged in the kettle body, and a cementing model for simulating the actual formation is placed at the center of the kettle body;

[0018] Specifically, at least two uniformly distributed injection holes are provided on the side wall of the kettle body. The number of injection holes is the same as that of the horizontal wellbores. The at least two horizontal wellbores are respectively arranged in one injection hole of the kettle body. The front end of the horizontal wellbore penetrates through the kettle body, the heat insulation layer and penetrates into the cementing model. The rear end of the horizontal wellbore is outside the kettle body and is used to connect to the injection system;

[0019] Specifically, the kettle cover is arranged at the upper end of the kettle body. A screen flange can be arranged at the center position of the upper end of the kettle cover. A central wellbore can be arranged in the screen flange. The lower end of the central wellbore is placed in the cementing model, and the upper end is connected to the production filtering component.

[0020] Further, both the horizontal wellbore and the central wellbore are slit-treated. The kettle cover and the kettle body are connected by a bolt structure.

[0021] Further, two trunnions are oppositely arranged on the side wall of the kettle body.

[0022] Further, the injection component includes a water tank, a piston pump, a main valve, and a main pipeline;

[0023] Specifically, the outlet of the water tank is connected to the piston pump, the outlet of the piston pump is connected to the main pipeline, the main pipeline branches out at least two branch pipelines. The number of branch pipelines is the same as that of the horizontal wellbores. The at least two branch pipelines are respectively connected to the part of the rear end of a horizontal wellbore extending out of the kettle body;

[0024] Specifically, a main valve is arranged on the main pipeline, and a branch valve and a branch pressure sensor are arranged on the branch pipeline.

[0025] Further, the production filtering component includes a sand filter tank, a water tank, and a liquid outlet pipeline;

[0026] Specifically, a filter plate is arranged in the sand filter tank. The inlet of the sand filter tank is arranged below the filter plate. The sand filter tank is provided with a first outlet above the filter plate and a second outlet at the lower end. A sand discharge valve is arranged at the second outlet;

[0027] Specifically, the inlet of the sand filter tank is connected to the central wellbore of the model body through a fifth pipeline, and the first outlet is connected to the water tank through a sixth pipeline;

[0028] Specifically, a liquid outlet pressure sensor, a liquid outlet valve, and a flowmeter are arranged on the liquid outlet pipeline.

[0029] Further, a data acquisition and control system is also included;

[0030] Specifically, the data acquisition and control system is connected to the piston pump, all branch pressure sensors, the liquid outlet pressure sensor, and the flowmeter.

[0031] Further, the number of the horizontal wellbore, the injection holes on the side wall of the kettle body, the branch pipelines, the branch valves, and the branch pressure sensors is four each.

[0032] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0033] An experimental method for an injection-production sand production research simulation device includes the following steps:

[0034] S1. Equipment preparation stage: Place the cementing model required for the experiment into the kettle body, place the central wellbore, and put the horizontal wellbore into the kettle body through the injection holes reserved on the kettle body; install the branch valves and branch pressure sensors on the corresponding branch pipelines, connect the end of the branch pipeline to the corresponding horizontal wellbore; install the liquid outlet pressure sensor, the liquid outlet valve, and the flowmeter on the liquid outlet pipeline, and use the liquid outlet pipeline to connect the central wellbore to the sand filtering tank; prepare the data acquisition and control system, and connect the data acquisition and control system to the data lines of the plunger pump, all branch pressure sensors, the liquid outlet pressure sensor, and the flowmeter.

[0035] S2. Water invasion stage: Open the main valve and the liquid outlet valve, select to open one or at least two branch valves according to the simulation conditions, adjust the flow rate required for the experiment by the plunger pump through the data acquisition and control system, and record the data of all branch pressure sensors, the liquid outlet pressure sensor, and the flowmeter; open the sand discharge valve, collect the sand volume discharged from the central wellbore through the sand filtering tank, and record the sand discharge volume in the sand filtering tank; conduct multiple experiments by changing the flow rate and flow velocity of the water discharged by the plunger pump and the slot size of the screen in the central wellbore.

[0036] S3. Follow-up processing stage: After completing the water invasion experiment, control the data acquisition and control system to turn off the plunger pump, and record the real-time data images of all branch pressure sensors, the liquid outlet pressure sensor, and the flowmeter; close the main valve, all branch valves, the liquid outlet valve, and the sand discharge valve to complete the experiment.

[0037] Further, in S1, the equipment preparation stage,

[0038] Preparation of the model main body: Install the kettle body and the heat insulation layer in sequence from outside to inside, place the cementing model required for the experiment into the kettle body, install the screen flange at the center position of the kettle cover, place the central wellbore at the screen flange, complete the connection between the kettle cover and the kettle body, put the horizontal wellbore into the kettle body through the injection holes reserved on the kettle body, make its front end located inside the cementing model, and adjust the model main body to be horizontal through the trunnion.

[0039] Preparation of the injection assembly: Install the branch valves and branch pressure sensors on the corresponding branch pipelines, complete the connection between the water tank, the plunger pump, the main valve, the main pipeline, and the branch pipelines, and connect the end of the branch pipeline to the corresponding horizontal wellbore.

[0040] Preparation of the production filtration component: Install the liquid outlet pressure sensor, liquid outlet valve, and flowmeter on the liquid outlet pipeline, connect the sand filter tank and water tank in sequence, and connect the central wellbore and the sand filter tank with the liquid outlet pipeline;

[0041] Preparation of the data acquisition and control system: Connect the data acquisition and control system with the data lines of the plunger pump, all sub-pressure sensors, liquid outlet pressure sensor, and flowmeter.

[0042] Further, in S2, the water invasion stage, data such as pressure, flow velocity, flow rate, and sand production volume during the entire invasion process are collected and stored by the data acquisition and control system. All the data is used to analyze the variation law of sand production in the cemented formation with pressure, flow velocity, and flow rate during the water invasion process, evaluate the sand production and sand control performance under various water flow parameters and screen conditions, and study the sand production situation of the formation under different injection-production conditions and wellbore conditions.

[0043] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0044] 1. A simulation device for studying injection-production sand production provided by the present invention can simulate sand production in the formation under water invasion at different flow velocities, flow rates, and injection-production scales.

[0045] 2. The simulation device can study the variation law of pressure, temperature, and injection-production time during the water invasion process.

[0046] 3. The simulation device can study the sand production law of the formation under different cementation strength formations, different wellbore diameters, and different sand control screen pipe conditions.

[0047] 4. The simulation device can realize the visual detection of the whole process of sand production in the high-speed water invasion formation. Description of the Drawings

[0048] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation device for studying injection-production sand production of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the model main body of a simulation device for studying injection-production sand production of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 is a top view of the model main body of a simulation device for studying injection-production sand production of the present invention;

[0051] In the figure: 1. Model body; 2. Central wellbore; 3. First horizontal well; 4. Second horizontal well; 5. Third horizontal well; 6. Fourth horizontal well; 7. Kettle body; 8. Insulation layer; 9. Kettle cover; 10. Screen flange; 11. Trunnion; 12. Water tank; 13. Plunger pump; 14. Sand filter tank; 15. Water tank; 16. Data acquisition and control system; 17. Main valve; 18. First branch valve; 19. Second branch valve; 20. Third branch valve; 21. Fourth branch valve; 22. Liquid outlet valve; 23. First branch pressure sensor; 24. Second branch pressure sensor; 25. Third branch pressure sensor; 26. Fourth branch pressure sensor; 27. Liquid outlet pressure sensor; 28. Flowmeter; 29. Connecting bolt; 30. Filter plate; 31. Sand discharge valve. Specific implementation mode

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Embodiment 1:

[0054] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , a sand production research and simulation device provided by the present invention includes a model body 1 for simulating a four-injection and one-production water intrusion formation, an injection system for injecting fluid into the model, a production filtration component for separating the mixed fluid flowing out of the wellbore system, and a data acquisition and control system 16 for controlling the injection, intrusion, and separation components of the entire device.

[0055] The following will explain each part in detail:

[0056] Simulated model body 1;

[0057] The simulated model body 1 includes a central wellbore 2, a first horizontal well 3, a second horizontal well 4, a third horizontal well 5, a fourth horizontal well 6, a kettle body 7, a kettle cover 9, and a screen flange 10;

[0058] The kettle body 7 is a circular structure with an outer diameter of φ600×280mm and an inner cavity size of φ500×140mm, which can simulate a working environment of room temperature - 120°C and a pressure of 5MPa. An insulation layer 8 is provided inside the kettle body 7 to prevent boundary cross-flow. Four evenly distributed injection holes are provided on the side wall of the kettle body 7, and a cementation model for simulating the actual formation is placed in the middle of the kettle body 7;

[0059] The first horizontal well 3, the second horizontal well 4, the third horizontal well 5, and the fourth horizontal well 6 are all 6-mm wellbores. All the wellbores are subjected to slotted treatment. The first horizontal well 3, the second horizontal well 4, the third horizontal well 5, and the fourth horizontal well 6 respectively penetrate into an injection hole of the kettle body 7, with the front end passing through the kettle body 7 and the heat insulation layer 8 and penetrating into the cementing model, and the rear end being outside the kettle body 7 for connection with the injection system. The horizontal wells are used to simulate the horizontal well sections in actual mining.

[0060] The kettle cover 9 has a diameter Φ = 600 mm and a thickness of 7 mm, and is connected to the upper end of the kettle body 7 through a bolt structure. A screen flange 10 can be arranged at the center position of the upper end of the kettle cover 9. A central wellbore 2 can be arranged in the screen flange 10. The central wellbore 2 is a 6-mm wellbore and is also subjected to slotted treatment. It is located in the center of the kettle body 7 and is used to study the sand control and sand production conditions of the corresponding screen under the actual formation. The lower end of the central wellbore 2 is placed in the cementing model, and the upper end is connected to the production filtering assembly.

[0061] Two trunnions 11 are arranged oppositely on the side wall of the kettle body 7, and the leveling of the kettle body 7 is achieved through the trunnions 11 and the support.

[0062] Injection assembly;

[0063] The injection assembly includes a water tank 12, a piston pump 13, a main valve 17, and a main pipeline;

[0064] The outlet of the water tank 12 is connected to the piston pump 13, the outlet of the piston pump 13 is connected to the main pipeline, and the main pipeline branches out a first branch pipeline, a second branch pipeline, a third branch pipeline, and a fourth branch pipeline, which are respectively connected to the parts of the first horizontal well 3, the second horizontal well 4, the third horizontal well 5, and the fourth horizontal well 6 extending out of the kettle body 7;

[0065] A main valve 17 is arranged on the main pipeline, a first sub-valve 18 and a first sub-pressure sensor 23 are arranged on the first branch pipeline, a second sub-valve 19 and a second sub-pressure sensor 24 are arranged on the second branch pipeline, a third sub-valve 20 and a third sub-pressure sensor 25 are arranged on the third branch pipeline, a fourth sub-valve 21 and a fourth sub-pressure sensor 26 are arranged on the fourth branch pipeline. The first sub-valve 18, the second sub-valve 19, the third sub-valve 20, and the fourth sub-valve 21 have the same specifications, and the first sub-pressure sensor 23, the second sub-pressure sensor 24, the third sub-pressure sensor 25, and the fourth sub-pressure sensor 26 have the same specifications;

[0066] The plunger pump 13 achieves pulse-free pressure through multiple plungers and realizes the injection of different flow rates through a flow controller to ensure a constant injected flow rate; the main valve 17 is used to control the total formation water intrusion volume, and the first branch valve 18, the second branch valve 19, the third branch valve 20, and the fourth branch valve 21 are respectively used to simulate the working conditions of one injection and one production, two injections and one production, three injections and one production, and four injections and one production, simulating the situation of formation water intruding into the cemented formation from different directions; the first branch pressure sensor 23, the second branch pressure sensor 24, the third branch pressure sensor 25, and the fourth branch pressure sensor 26 are used to measure the pressure of the corresponding injected fluid.

[0067] Produced filtration assembly;

[0068] The produced filtration assembly includes a sand filter tank 14, a water tank 15, and a liquid outlet pipeline;

[0069] A filter plate 30 is arranged inside the sand filter tank 14. The inlet of the sand filter tank 14 is arranged below the filter plate 30. The sand filter tank 14 is provided with a first outlet above the filter plate 30 and a second outlet at the lower end. The second outlet is provided with a sand discharge valve. The inlet of the sand filter tank 14 is connected to the central wellbore 2 of the model body through a fifth pipeline, and the first outlet is connected to the water tank 15 through a sixth pipeline;

[0070] A liquid outlet pressure sensor 27, a liquid outlet valve 22, and a flowmeter 28 are arranged on the liquid outlet pipeline to measure data such as the pressure and flow rate of the fluid produced from the central wellbore;

[0071] When the sand-mixed liquid flows out from the production end of the model body, it enters the interior of the sand filter tank 14. The sand in the fluid is filtered and settled through the upper filter plate 30. The remaining clear water flows out from the upper end of the filter plate 30 and enters the water tank 15, and then the sand is discharged through the sand discharge valve 31 below the sand filter tank 14.

[0072] Data acquisition and control system 16;

[0073] The data acquisition and control system 16 is connected to the plunger pump 13, the first branch pressure sensor 23, the second branch pressure sensor 24, the third branch pressure sensor 25, the fourth branch pressure sensor 26, the liquid outlet pressure sensor 27, and the flowmeter 28;

[0074] The data acquisition and control system 16 mainly controls the motor speed of the system, adjusts the injection flow rate of the plunger pump 13, collects the data of the pressure sensors and flowmeters at the inlet end of the simulation system and the pressure sensors and flowmeters at the outlet end, simulates and calculates the overall permeability of the model, and observes the influence effect of different wellbore filter screens on sand production.

[0075] It should be noted that the data acquisition and control system 16 itself is a prior art, which collects data and controls devices through a control cabinet, a pressure and temperature acquisition card, an acquisition circuit, and built-in acquisition software, and those skilled in the art are clear about this.

[0076] Embodiment 2:

[0077] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a method for conducting experiments with an injection-production sand production research simulation device, including the following steps:

[0078] S1. Equipment preparation stage;

[0079] Preparation of the model body 1: Install the kettle body 7 and the heat insulation layer 8 in sequence from the outside to the inside. Place the cementing model required for the experiment into the kettle body. Install the screen flange 10 at the center position of the kettle cover 9, and place the central wellbore 2 at the screen flange 10. Complete the connection between the kettle cover 9 and the kettle body 7. Place the first horizontal well 3, the second horizontal well 4, the third horizontal well 5, and the fourth horizontal well 6 into the kettle body 7 through the injection holes reserved on the kettle body 7, so that their fronts are located inside the cementing model. Adjust the model body 1 to be horizontal through the trunnion 11;

[0080] Preparation of the injection assembly: Complete the connection between the water tank 12, the plunger pump 13, the main valve 17, and the main pipeline. Install the first branch valve 18, the second branch valve 19, the third branch valve 20, the fourth branch valve 21, the first branch pressure sensor 23, the second branch pressure sensor 24, the third branch pressure sensor 25, and the fourth branch pressure sensor 26 on the corresponding first branch pipeline, second branch pipeline, third branch pipeline, and fourth branch pipelines. Connect the first branch pipeline, second branch pipeline, third branch pipeline, and fourth branch pipelines to the main pipeline and the corresponding first horizontal well 3, second horizontal well 4, third horizontal well 5, and fourth horizontal well 6 respectively;

[0081] Preparation of the production filtration assembly: Connect the sand filtration tank 14 and the water tank 15 in sequence, and use the liquid outlet pipeline to connect the sand filtration tank 14 with the central wellbore 2;

[0082] Preparation of the data acquisition and control system: Connect the data acquisition and control system 16 with the data lines of the plunger pump 13, the first branch pressure sensor 23, the second branch pressure sensor 24, the third branch pressure sensor 25, the fourth branch pressure sensor 26, the liquid outlet pressure sensor 27, and the flowmeter 28;

[0083] S2. Water invasion stage;

[0084] Open the main valve 17, the liquid outlet valve 22, and one to four sub-valves to simulate the working conditions of one injection and one production, two injections and one production, three injections and one production, and four injections and one production. Adjust the flow rate required for the experiment injected by the plunger pump 13 through the data acquisition and control system 16, and record the data of the first sub-pressure sensor 23, the second sub-pressure sensor 24, the third sub-pressure sensor 25, the fourth sub-pressure sensor 26, the liquid outlet pressure sensor 27, and the flowmeter 28;

[0085] Open the sand discharge valve 31, collect the sand volume discharged from the central wellbore 2 through the sand filter tank 14, and record the sand discharge volume in the sand filter tank 14;

[0086] Conduct multiple experiments by changing the flow rate and velocity of the water discharged by the plunger pump 13 and the slot size of the screen in the central wellbore 2;

[0087] During the entire invasion process, data such as pressure, velocity, flow rate, and sand production volume are collected and stored by the data acquisition and control system 16. All the data is used to analyze the variation law of sand production in the cemented formation with pressure, velocity, and flow rate during the water invasion process, evaluate the sand production and sand control performance under various water flow parameters and screen conditions, and study the sand production situation of the formation under different injection-production conditions and different wellbore conditions;

[0088] S3. Subsequent processing stage;

[0089] After completing the water invasion experiment, control the data acquisition and control system 16 to close the plunger pump 13, and record the real-time data images of the first sub-pressure sensor 23, the second sub-pressure sensor 24, the third sub-pressure sensor 25, the fourth sub-pressure sensor 26, the liquid outlet pressure sensor 27, and the flowmeter 28;

[0090] Close the main valve 17, the first sub-valve 18, the second sub-valve 19, the third sub-valve 20, the fourth sub-valve 21, the liquid outlet valve 22, and the sand discharge valve 31 to complete the experiment.

[0091] Embodiment 3:

[0092] The above embodiments are only the preferred solutions of the present invention. The number of horizontal wells of the present invention can be any number greater than one. This embodiment provides a simulation device for studying injection-production sand production, including an injection system, and further including a model main body 1 and a production filtering component; at least two horizontal wellbores are arranged in the model main body 1, a central wellbore 2 is arranged in the center of the model main body 1, the at least two horizontal wellbores are respectively connected to the injection system, and the central wellbore 2 is connected to the production filtering component.

[0093] The main body of the simulation model 1 includes a horizontal wellbore, a central wellbore 2, a kettle body 7, a kettle cover 9, and a screen flange 10; the kettle body 7 is of a circular structure, an insulating layer 8 is arranged inside the kettle body 7, and a cementing model for simulating the actual formation is placed in the center of the kettle body 7; at least two injection holes are evenly distributed on the side wall of the kettle body 7, and the number of injection holes is the same as that of the horizontal wellbores. The at least two horizontal wellbores are respectively arranged in one injection hole of the kettle body 7. The front end of the horizontal wellbore passes through the kettle body 7, the insulating layer 8, and penetrates into the cementing model. The rear end of the horizontal wellbore is outside the kettle body 7 and is used to connect to the injection system; the kettle cover 9 is arranged at the upper end of the kettle body 7, a screen flange 10 can be arranged at the center position of the upper end of the kettle cover 9, a central wellbore 2 can be arranged in the screen flange 10, the lower end of the central wellbore 2 is placed in the cementing model, and the upper end is connected to the production filtering assembly.

[0094] The injection assembly includes a water tank 12, a piston pump 13, a main valve 17, and a main pipeline; the outlet of the water tank 12 is connected to the piston pump 13, the outlet of the piston pump 13 is connected to the main pipeline, the main pipeline branches out at least two sub-pipelines, and the number of sub-pipelines is the same as that of the horizontal wellbores. The at least two sub-pipelines are respectively connected to the part of the rear end of a horizontal wellbore extending out of the kettle body 7; a main valve 17 is arranged on the main pipeline, and a sub-valve and a sub-pressure sensor are arranged on the sub-pipeline.

[0095] The production filtering assembly includes a sand filtering tank 14, a water tank 15, and a liquid outlet pipeline; a filter plate 30 is arranged inside the sand filtering tank 14, the inlet of the sand filtering tank 14 is arranged below the filter plate 30, a first outlet is arranged above the filter plate 30 of the sand filtering tank 14, a second outlet is arranged at the lower end of the sand filtering tank 14, and a sand discharge valve is arranged at the second outlet; the inlet of the sand filtering tank 14 is connected to the central wellbore 2 of the model main body 1 through a fifth pipeline, and the first outlet is connected to the water tank 15 through a sixth pipeline; a liquid outlet pressure sensor 27, a liquid outlet valve 27, and a flowmeter 28 are arranged on the liquid outlet pipeline.

[0096] It further includes a data acquisition and control system 16; the data acquisition and control system 16 is connected to the piston pump 13, all sub-pressure sensors, the liquid outlet pressure sensor 27, and the flowmeter 28.

[0097] The usage method is similar to that of Embodiment 2 and will not be elaborated here.

[0098] For the components themselves that are not elaborated in this application and the connection methods of the various components in this application, they all belong to the well-known technologies in the technical field. They can be directly applied and will not be elaborated here.

[0099] In the present invention, the term "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined. Terms such as "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed" and the like should be construed in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0100] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0101] In the description of this specification, the description of terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or instance. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0102] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation device for injection-production sand production research, including an injection system, characterized in that, it further includes a model main body and a production filtering component; At least two horizontal wellbores are arranged in the model main body, a central wellbore is arranged at the center of the model main body, the at least two horizontal wellbores are respectively connected to the injection system, and the central wellbore is connected to the production filtering component.

2. The simulation device for injection-production sand production research according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation model main body includes a horizontal wellbore, a central wellbore, a kettle body, a kettle cover, and a screen flange; The kettle body is of a circular structure, an insulating layer is arranged inside the kettle body, and a cementing model for simulating the actual formation is placed at the center of the kettle body; At least two uniformly distributed injection holes are arranged on the side wall of the kettle body, and the number of injection holes is the same as that of the horizontal wellbores. The at least two horizontal wellbores are respectively arranged in one injection hole of the kettle body. The front end of the horizontal wellbore passes through the kettle body, the insulating layer, and penetrates into the cementing model, and the rear end of the horizontal wellbore is outside the kettle body for connection with the injection system; The kettle cover is arranged at the upper end of the kettle body. A screen flange can be arranged at the center position of the upper end of the kettle cover, and a central wellbore can be arranged in the screen flange. The lower end of the central wellbore is placed in the cementing model, and the upper end is connected to the production filtering component.

3. The simulation device for injection-production sand production research according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the horizontal wellbore and the central wellbore are subjected to slotted treatment, and the kettle cover and the kettle body are connected by a bolt structure.

4. The simulation device for injection-production sand production research according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two trunnions are arranged oppositely on the side wall of the kettle body.

5. The simulation device for injection-production sand production research according to claim 2, characterized in that, The injection component includes a water tank, a plunger pump, a main valve, and a main pipeline; The outlet of the water tank is connected to the plunger pump, the outlet of the plunger pump is connected to the main pipeline, the main pipeline is branched into at least two branch pipelines, and the number of branch pipelines is the same as that of the horizontal wellbores. The at least two branch pipelines are respectively connected to the part of the rear end of a horizontal wellbore extending out of the kettle body; A main valve is arranged on the main pipeline, and a branch valve and a branch pressure sensor are arranged on the branch pipeline.

6. The simulation device for injection-production sand production research according to claim 5, characterized in that, The production filtering component includes a sand filtering tank, a water tank, and a liquid outlet pipeline; A filter plate is arranged inside the sand filtering tank. The inlet of the sand filtering tank is arranged below the filter plate. The sand filtering tank is provided with a first outlet above the filter plate and a second outlet at the lower end. A sand discharge valve is arranged at the second outlet; The inlet of the sand filtering tank is connected to the central wellbore of the model main body through a fifth pipeline, and the first outlet is connected to the water tank through a sixth pipeline; A liquid outlet pressure sensor, a liquid outlet valve, and a flowmeter are arranged on the liquid outlet pipeline.

7. The simulation device for injection-production sand production research according to claim 6, characterized in that, It further includes a data acquisition and control system; The data acquisition and control system is connected to the plunger pump, all branch pressure sensors, the liquid outlet pressure sensor, and the flowmeter.

8. An injection-production sand production research simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, the number of the horizontal wellbores, injection holes on the side wall of the kettle body, sub-pipelines, sub-valves, and sub-pressure sensors is four each.

9. An experimental method for an injection-production sand production research simulation device, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: S1. Equipment preparation stage: Place the cementing model required for the experiment into the kettle body, place the central wellbore, and put the horizontal wellbore into the kettle body through the injection holes reserved on the kettle body; install the sub-valves and sub-pressure sensors on the corresponding sub-pipelines, connect the end of the sub-pipeline to the corresponding horizontal wellbore; install the liquid outlet pressure sensor, liquid outlet valve, and flowmeter on the liquid outlet pipeline, and use the liquid outlet pipeline to connect the central wellbore to the sand filtering tank; prepare the data acquisition and control system, and connect the data acquisition and control system to the data lines of the plunger pump, all sub-pressure sensors, liquid outlet pressure sensors, and flowmeters. S2. Water invasion stage: Open the main valve and the liquid outlet valve, select to open one or at least two sub-valves according to the simulation conditions, adjust the flow rate required for the experiment by the plunger pump through the data acquisition and control system, and record the data of all sub-pressure sensors, liquid outlet pressure sensors, and flowmeters; open the sand discharge valve, collect the sand volume discharged from the central wellbore through the sand filtering tank, and record the sand discharge volume in the sand filtering tank; conduct multiple experiments by changing the flow rate and flow velocity of the water discharged by the plunger pump and the slot size of the screen in the central wellbore. S3. Follow-up processing stage: After completing the water invasion experiment, control the data acquisition and control system to turn off the plunger pump, and record the real-time data images of all sub-pressure sensors, liquid outlet pressure sensors, and flowmeters; close the main valve, all sub-valves, liquid outlet valve, and sand discharge valve to complete the experiment.

10. An experimental method for an injection-production sand production research simulation device according to claim 9, characterized in that, in S1. Equipment preparation stage, preparation of the model main body: Install the kettle body and the heat insulation layer in sequence from outside to inside, place the cementing model required for the experiment into the kettle body, install the screen flange at the center position of the kettle cover, place the central wellbore at the screen flange, complete the connection between the kettle cover and the kettle body, put the horizontal wellbore into the kettle body through the injection holes reserved on the kettle body, make its front end located inside the cementing model, and adjust the model main body to be horizontal through the trunnions. preparation of the injection assembly: Install the sub-valves and sub-pressure sensors on the corresponding sub-pipelines, complete the connection between the water tank, plunger pump, main valve, main pipeline, and sub-pipeline, and connect the end of the sub-pipeline to the corresponding horizontal wellbore. preparation of the production and filtration assembly: Install the liquid outlet pressure sensor, liquid outlet valve, and flowmeter on the liquid outlet pipeline, connect the sand filtering tank and the water tank in sequence, and use the liquid outlet pipeline to connect the central wellbore to the sand filtering tank. preparation of the data acquisition and control system: Connect the data acquisition and control system to the data lines of the plunger pump, all sub-pressure sensors, liquid outlet pressure sensors, and flowmeters.

11. An experimental method for an injection-production sand production research simulation device according to claim 9, characterized in that, In S2, the water invasion stage, data such as pressure, flow velocity, flow rate, sand production volume, etc. during the entire invasion process are collected and stored by the data acquisition and control system. All the data are used to analyze the variation law of sand production in the cemented formation with pressure, flow velocity, and flow rate during water invasion, evaluate the sand production and sand control performance under various water flow parameters and screen conditions, and study the sand production situation of the formation under different injection-production conditions and different wellbore conditions.

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