Gas turbine system and method for controlling gas turbine system

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas turbine system and a control method of the gas turbine system. The gas turbine system comprises a gas compressor, a combustion chamber, a carbon deposit detection device and a control system. The gas compressor comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet, a rotatable inlet guide vane is arranged at the gas inlet, and a rotatable outlet guide vane is arranged at the gas outlet; the combustion chamber communicates with the air outlet; the carbon deposit detection device is arranged on the combustion chamber and used for detecting the thickness of carbon deposit in the combustion chamber; the control system is in communication connection with the carbon deposit detection device, the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane and used for controlling the opening and closing angle of at least one of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane according to the thickness of carbon deposit in the combustion chamber. According to the gas turbine system disclosed by the invention, the thickness of deposited carbon in the combustion chamber can be prevented from being too thick, so that the combustion efficiency can be effectively improved, the performance of the gas turbine can be improved, and the service life can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas turbines, and in particular to a gas turbine system and a control method for a gas turbine system. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, a gas turbine converts the thermal energy of gas into mechanical power output through a thermodynamic cycle. Its basic working process is that air is inhaled into a compressor and compressed to increase the pressure, and then enters a combustion chamber to be mixed with fuel for combustion to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas then enters a turbine to expand and do work, driving the turbine to rotate, and the turbine then drives the compressor and an external load (such as a generator, etc.) to rotate, thereby realizing the conversion of energy. As an important power device, gas turbines are widely used in the fields of power generation, industry, etc.

[0003] However, the existing gas turbines have the following problems during operation: There is a problem of carbon deposition in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, which will affect the combustion efficiency and the service life of the device, and will also limit the performance of the gas turbine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this purpose, the present invention provides a gas turbine system, which can avoid the excessive thickness of carbon deposition in the combustion chamber, thereby effectively improving the combustion efficiency, enhancing the performance of the gas turbine, and prolonging the service life.

[0005] The present invention also provides a control method for a gas turbine system, and the gas turbine system is the above-mentioned gas turbine system.

[0006] The gas turbine system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a compressor, a combustion chamber, a carbon deposition detection device, and a control system. The compressor includes an air inlet and an air outlet, and a rotatable inlet guide vane is provided at the air inlet, and a rotatable outlet guide vane is provided at the air outlet; the combustion chamber is communicated with the air outlet; the carbon deposition detection device is arranged on the combustion chamber for detecting the thickness of carbon deposition in the combustion chamber; the control system is respectively communicatively connected with the carbon deposition detection device, the inlet guide vane, and the outlet guide vane, and is used for controlling the opening and closing angles of at least one of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane according to the thickness of carbon deposition in the combustion chamber.

[0007] According to the gas turbine system of the embodiments of the present invention, by providing a carbon deposit detection device for detecting the thickness of carbon deposits on the combustion chamber, and enabling the control system to control the opening and closing angles of at least one of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane of the compressor according to the thickness of carbon deposits in the combustion chamber, the flow rate and velocity of air entering the combustion chamber can be adjusted when the thickness of carbon deposits is too thick, thereby avoiding the excessive thickness of carbon deposits in the combustion chamber, effectively improving the combustion efficiency and enhancing the performance of the gas turbine, reducing the wear probability of gas turbine components, and thus reducing the operating cost of the gas turbine and extending the service life of the gas turbine.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the gas turbine system further includes a fuel passage, which is communicated with the combustion chamber for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber. A gas control valve is provided on the fuel passage for controlling the on-off of the fuel passage and the fluid flow rate in the fuel passage. The control system is communicatively connected with the gas control valve for controlling the opening and closing degree of the gas control valve according to the thickness of carbon deposits in the combustion chamber.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the combustion chamber includes a main combustion zone, a secondary combustion zone, and a tail of the combustion zone arranged in sequence. The main combustion zone is communicated with the air outlet. The carbon deposit detection device is used to respectively detect the thickness of carbon deposits in the main combustion zone, the secondary combustion zone, and the tail of the combustion zone. The control system is used to control the opening and closing angles of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane and the opening and closing degree of the gas control valve according to the thickness of carbon deposits in the main combustion zone, the secondary combustion zone, and the tail of the combustion zone.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the gas turbine system further includes a turbine and a load. The turbine is communicated with the combustion chamber; the load is connected to the turbine and is driven by the turbine.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gas turbine system further includes a waste heat boiler and a flue gas duct. The waste heat boiler is communicated with the turbine. The waste heat boiler is provided with an exhaust port for discharging tail gas to the outside; the flue gas duct is communicated with the exhaust port for treating NOx contained in the tail gas.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the flue gas duct is connected with an ammonia passage for introducing ammonia into the flue gas duct. An ammonia control valve is provided on the ammonia passage for controlling the on-off of the ammonia passage and the fluid flow rate in the ammonia passage. A feeding port is further provided on the flue gas duct for adding a catalyst into the flue gas duct.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gas turbine system further includes a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting the temperature and humidity of the environment where the gas turbine system is located. The control system is communicatively connected to the temperature and humidity sensor and the ammonia control valve respectively, and is configured to control the opening and closing degree of the ammonia control valve according to the temperature and humidity of the environment.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gas turbine system further includes a heat receiving member, which is communicated with the waste heat boiler and is configured to store the high-temperature gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber.

[0015] A control method for a gas turbine system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: detecting an increase amount k of the carbon deposition thickness in the combustion chamber within a preset time t; controlling an opening and closing angle of at least one of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane according to the increase amount k of the carbon deposition thickness. Wherein, the gas turbine system is the above-mentioned gas turbine system.

[0016] According to the control method of the gas turbine system of the embodiment of the present invention, by detecting the increase amount k of the carbon deposition thickness in the combustion chamber within the preset time t, and then controlling the opening and closing angle of at least one of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane according to the increase amount k of the carbon deposition thickness, the flow rate and flow velocity of the air entering the combustion chamber can be adjusted when the carbon deposition thickness is too thick. Thus, the carbon deposition thickness in the combustion chamber can be prevented from being too thick, the combustion efficiency can be effectively improved, the performance of the gas turbine can be enhanced, the wear probability of the gas turbine components can be reduced, and thereby the operation cost of the gas turbine can be reduced and the service life of the gas turbine can be extended.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the combustion chamber includes a main combustion zone, a secondary combustion zone, and a tail of the combustion zone arranged in sequence. The main combustion zone is communicated with the air outlet. Detecting the increase amount k of the carbon deposition thickness in the combustion chamber within the preset time t includes: detecting an increase amount a of the carbon deposition thickness in the main combustion zone within the preset time t, detecting an increase amount b of the carbon deposition thickness in the secondary combustion zone within the preset time t, and detecting an increase amount c of the carbon deposition thickness in the tail of the combustion zone within the preset time t.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, controlling the opening and closing angle of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane according to the increase amount k of the carbon deposition thickness includes: determining that the increase amount a of the carbon deposition thickness is greater than a first preset value x; controlling the opening and closing angle of the outlet guide vane to increase; and / or, controlling the opening and closing angle of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane according to the increase amount k of the carbon deposition thickness includes: determining that the increase amount c of the carbon deposition thickness is greater than a second preset value z; controlling the opening and closing angle of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane to decrease.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gas turbine system includes a fuel passage that communicates with the combustion chamber for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber. A gas control valve is provided on the fuel passage for controlling the opening and closing of the fuel passage and the fluid flow rate within the fuel passage. The control method further includes: determining that the growth rate b of the carbon deposit thickness is greater than a third preset value y; controlling the opening degree of the gas control valve to increase, or controlling the opening angle of the inlet guide vane to decrease.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the gas turbine system further includes a flue gas duct that communicates with the combustion chamber for treating NOx contained in the exhaust gas. An ammonia passage is connected to the flue gas duct for introducing ammonia into the flue gas duct. An ammonia control valve is provided on the ammonia passage for controlling the opening and closing of the ammonia passage and the fluid flow rate within the ammonia passage. The control method of the gas turbine system further includes: determining the temperature and humidity of the environment where the gas turbine system is located; determining the content of NOx in the exhaust gas according to the temperature and humidity of the environment; determining the ammonia flow rate introduced into the flue gas duct; controlling the opening degree of the ammonia control valve.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas turbine system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a logic diagram of a control method of a gas turbine system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Reference Numerals:

[0026] 100, gas turbine system;

[0027] 1, compressor; 13, inlet guide vane; 14, outlet guide vane;

[0028] 2, combustion chamber; 21, main combustion zone; 22, secondary combustion zone; 23, tail of the combustion zone;

[0029] 3, carbon deposit detection device;

[0030] 4, gas control valve;

[0031] 5, turbine;

[0032] 6. Waste heat boiler;

[0033] 7. Heat receiving element;

[0034] 8. Flue gas pipeline;

[0035] 9. Ammonia control valve;

[0036] 10. Control system;

[0037] 11. Temperature and humidity sensor;

[0038] 12. Load. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0042] Next, reference is made to Figure 1 and Figure 2 to describe the gas turbine system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1As shown, a gas turbine system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a compressor 1, a combustion chamber 2, a carbon deposit detection device 3, and a control system 10.

[0044] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the compressor 1 includes an air inlet and an air outlet. A rotatable inlet guide vane 13 is provided at the air inlet, and a rotatable outlet guide vane 14 is provided at the air outlet. The combustion chamber 2 is communicated with the air outlet. The carbon deposit detection device 3 is arranged on the combustion chamber 2 for detecting the thickness of carbon deposits in the combustion chamber 2. The control system 10 is respectively in communication connection with the carbon deposit detection device 3, the inlet guide vane 13, and the outlet guide vane 14, and is used for controlling the opening and closing angles of at least one of the inlet guide vane 13 and the outlet guide vane 14 according to the thickness of carbon deposits in the combustion chamber 2.

[0045] It can be understood that the gas turbine system 100 includes a compressor 1, a combustion chamber 2, and a turbine 5 that are connected in sequence. The air inlet of the compressor 1 is connected to an air passage A for introducing air into the compressor 1. The compressor 1 has a plurality of blades inside to form the impeller of the compressor 1, which is responsible for sucking air from the external environment, compressing the air into high-pressure air, and conducting it into the combustion chamber 2. Among them, the inlet guide vane 13 can adjust the flow rate and direction of air entering the compressor 1 by rotation, and the outlet guide vane 14 can adjust the flow rate and direction of air flowing out of the compressor 1 by rotation.

[0046] The combustion chamber 2 is located between the compressor 1 and the turbine 5, and is used for mixing, igniting, and burning fuel and air to generate high-temperature gas. The combustion chamber 2 converts the chemical energy of the fuel into heat energy, and heats the high-pressure air pressed into by the compressor 1 to a high temperature, so as to expand and do work in the turbine 5, so that the turbine 5 converts the energy of the gas into mechanical work under the action of the high-temperature and high-speed gas generated in the combustion chamber 2.

[0047] In the prior art, carbon deposits will occur in the combustion chamber 2 during combustion due to reasons such as the flow rate and flow velocity of the introduced air. The carbon deposits will occupy the space of the combustion chamber 2, resulting in an increase in the compression ratio in the combustion chamber 2. The carbon deposits will also affect the effect of air entering the combustion chamber 2 and the fuel injection effect, thereby reducing the combustion efficiency and the performance of the gas turbine, further increasing the operating cost, and also aggravating the wear of components, thereby shortening the service life of the gas turbine.

[0048] In the present application, the carbon deposit detection device 3 can detect the carbon deposit thickness inside the combustion chamber 2 in real time and transmit the data to the control system 10. When the carbon deposit thickness is too thick, the control system 10 can control the inlet guide vane 13 and / or the outlet guide vane 14 to rotate to adjust the flow rate and velocity of the air entering the combustion chamber 2 until the growth rate of the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 reaches a preset range. Thus, the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 can be prevented from being too thick, the combustion efficiency can be effectively improved, the performance of the gas turbine can be enhanced, the wear probability of the gas turbine components can be reduced, and thereby the operating cost of the gas turbine can be reduced and the service life of the gas turbine can be extended.

[0049] For the gas turbine system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, by providing a carbon deposit detection device 3 for detecting the carbon deposit thickness on the combustion chamber 2 and enabling the control system 10 to control the opening and closing angles of at least one of the inlet guide vane 13 and the outlet guide vane 14 of the compressor 1 according to the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2, the flow rate and velocity of the air entering the combustion chamber 2 can be adjusted when the carbon deposit thickness is too thick. Thus, the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 can be prevented from being too thick, the combustion efficiency can be effectively improved, the performance of the gas turbine can be enhanced, the wear probability of the gas turbine components can be reduced, and thereby the operating cost of the gas turbine can be reduced and the service life of the gas turbine can be extended.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the gas turbine system 100 further includes a fuel passage B. The fuel passage B is communicated with the combustion chamber 2 and is used for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber 2. A gas control valve 4 is provided on the fuel passage B for controlling the on-off of the fuel passage B and the fluid flow rate in the fuel passage B. The control system 10 is communicatively connected to the gas control valve 4 for controlling the opening and closing degree of the gas control valve 4 according to the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2. Thus, the fuel can enter the combustion chamber 2 through the fuel passage B, and then be mixed with air in the combustion chamber 2 to achieve combustion. At the same time, the gas control valve 4 can control the fuel flow rate in the fuel passage B, so that the high-pressure air and fuel can be mixed in the combustion chamber 2 in a suitable proportion, which is beneficial to improving the combustion effect and combustion efficiency.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the combustion chamber 2 includes a main combustion zone 21, a secondary combustion zone 22 and a combustion zone tail 23 arranged in sequence. The main combustion zone 21 is communicated with the air outlet. The carbon deposit detection device 3 is used for detecting the carbon deposit thickness in the main combustion zone 21, the secondary combustion zone 22 and the combustion zone tail 23 respectively. The control system 10 is used for controlling the opening and closing angles of the inlet guide vane 13 and the outlet guide vane 14 and the opening and closing degree of the gas control valve 4 according to the carbon deposit thickness in the main combustion zone 21, the secondary combustion zone 22 and the combustion zone tail 23.

[0052] It can be understood that the space inside the combustion chamber 2 can be divided into a main combustion zone 21, a secondary combustion zone 22, and a tail part 23 of the combustion zone that communicate with each other by means such as a partition plate. The main combustion zone 21 is the main area where fuel and air are initially mixed and burned, which can ensure that the combustion process can proceed continuously and stably. The secondary combustion zone 22 provides space and conditions for further combustion of the fuel that is not completely burned in the main combustion zone 21, enabling the fuel to burn more fully, thereby improving the combustion efficiency and reducing pollutant generation. At the same time, by using the carbon deposit detection device 3 to detect the carbon deposit thickness in the main combustion zone 21, the secondary combustion zone 22, and the tail part 23 of the combustion zone, the reason for excessive carbon deposit thickness inside the combustion chamber 2 can be judged more accurately, and corresponding measures can be taken. The carbon deposit problem can be solved more efficiently, thereby further improving the combustion efficiency and enhancing the performance of the gas turbine, and further reducing the operating cost of the gas turbine and extending the service life of the gas turbine.

[0053] For example, when the carbon deposit detection device 3 detects that the amount of carbon deposit in the main combustion zone 21 is excessive, it can be judged that the fuel combustion in the main combustion zone 21 is insufficient. At this time, the angle and direction of the outlet guide vane 14 can be adjusted to make the mixing of air and fuel more sufficient until the real-time carbon deposit rate in the main combustion zone 21 detected by the carbon deposit detection device 3 reaches the preset range.

[0054] For another example, when the carbon deposit detection device 3 detects that the amount of carbon deposit in the secondary combustion zone 22 is excessive, it can be judged that too much air is introduced into the combustion chamber 2 during the combustion process, resulting in too low average temperature of the combustion flame. At this time, the fuel gas control valve 4 can be adjusted to increase the fuel injected into the combustion chamber 2, or the angle of the inlet guide vane 13 can be adjusted to reduce the amount of air introduced, until the real-time carbon deposit rate in the secondary combustion zone 22 detected by the carbon deposit detection device 3 reaches the preset range.

[0055] For yet another example, when the carbon deposit detection device 3 detects that the amount of carbon deposit in the tail part 23 of the combustion zone is excessive, it can be judged that the air flow velocity intensity injected into the combustion chamber 2 is too large, causing the fuel to be carried to the tail part 23 of the combustion zone by the air before it is fully burned in the main combustion zone 21 and the secondary combustion zone 22. At this time, the angles of the inlet guide vane 13 and the outlet guide vane 14 can be adjusted to reduce the rate of air introduced into the combustion chamber 2 until the real-time carbon deposit rate in the tail part 23 of the combustion zone detected by the carbon deposit detection device 3 reaches the preset range.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1As shown, the gas turbine system 100 further includes a turbine 5 and a load 12. The turbine 5 is connected to the combustion chamber 2, and the load 12 is connected to the turbine 5. The load 12 is driven by the turbine 5. The high-temperature gas conducted out from the combustion chamber 2 can drive the turbine 5 to rotate. The turbine 5 is connected to the load 12. Among them, the load 12 can specifically be an engine, so as to drive the load 12 to work, convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, thereby realizing transmission and work, and ensuring the normal operation of the gas turbine.

[0057] Preferably, the turbine 5 can also be connected to the compressor 1 to provide power for the compressor 1 to compress air, thereby improving the utilization rate of the turbine 5 and fuel, avoiding additionally setting a power device for the compressor 1, and thus saving costs.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the gas turbine system 100 further includes a heat recovery steam generator 6 and a flue gas duct 8. The heat recovery steam generator 6 is connected to the turbine 5. The heat recovery steam generator 6 is provided with an exhaust port for discharging tail gas to the outside. The flue gas duct 8 is connected to the exhaust port and is used for treating NOx contained in the tail gas. The high-temperature gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 2 enters the turbine 5 to do work and then enters the heat recovery steam generator 6. The tail gas, that is, the exhaust gas generated by the gas turbine, is then treated for NOx by the flue gas duct 8 and discharged into the atmosphere, which can reduce or avoid the emission of NOx, thereby meeting the environmental protection requirements.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the flue gas duct 8 is connected with an ammonia passage C for introducing ammonia into the flue gas duct 8. An ammonia control valve 9 is provided on the ammonia passage C for controlling the on-off of the ammonia passage C and controlling the fluid flow rate in the ammonia passage C. A feeding port is also provided on the flue gas duct 8 for adding a catalyst into the flue gas duct 8.

[0060] Ammonia can enter the flue gas duct 8 through the ammonia passage C. The ammonia control valve 9 can control the flow rate of ammonia entering the flue gas duct 8. At the same time, a catalyst is added into the flue gas duct 8 through the feeding port. Under the catalytic action of the catalyst, ammonia and NOx undergo a chemical reaction to generate nitrogen and water, and then are discharged from the flue gas duct 8 into the atmosphere, reducing the NOx emission, thereby avoiding air pollution and meeting the environmental protection requirements.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1As shown, the gas turbine system 100 further includes a temperature and humidity sensor 11 for detecting the temperature and humidity of the environment where the gas turbine system 100 is located. The control system 10 is communicatively connected to the temperature and humidity sensor 11 and the ammonia control valve 9 respectively, and is used to control the opening and closing degree of the ammonia control valve 9 according to the temperature and humidity of the environment. The temperature and humidity sensor 11 is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the working environment, and conduct the temperature and humidity signals to the control system 10. The control system 10 is communicatively connected to the ammonia control valve 9. Thus, the control system 10 can predict the change trend of the NOx content in the tail gas in advance according to the change of the environmental temperature and humidity conditions, so as to predict the future change trend of the ammonia injection amount, and then control the ammonia control valve 9 through the control system 10 to adjust the flow rate of ammonia introduced into the ammonia passage C in advance, so as to reduce the NOx emission while saving ammonia.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the gas turbine system 100 further includes a heat receiving member 7, and the heat receiving member 7 is communicated with the waste heat boiler 6 for storing the high-temperature gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber 2. Thus, the high-temperature waste heat in the gas turbine exhaust can be recovered and utilized, converted into the heat energy of steam, and then used to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity, realizing the reuse of energy, effectively improving the utilization rate of fuels and other energy sources, and further reducing the operation cost.

[0063] The following describes the control method of the gas turbine system 100 according to the embodiments of the present invention, wherein the gas turbine system 100 is the above-mentioned gas turbine system 100.

[0064] As Figure 2 shown, the control method of the gas turbine system 100 according to the embodiments of the present invention includes:

[0065] Detecting the growth amount k of the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 within a preset time t;

[0066] Controlling the opening and closing angle of at least one of the inlet guide vane 13 and the outlet guide vane 14 according to the growth amount k of the carbon deposit thickness.

[0067] Specifically, a timer may be provided in the control system 10 for measuring the time measured by the carbon deposit detection device 3. The carbon deposit detection device 3 can detect the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 in real time and transmit the data to the control system 10. The control system 10 calculates the growth amount k of the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 during this period according to the preset time t. If the growth amount k of the carbon deposit thickness meets the preset range, the control system 10 does not make any adjustment, and the gas turbine continues to operate normally.

[0068] If the growth amount k of the carbon deposit thickness is greater than the preset range, the control system 10 transmits a control signal to the inlet guide vane 13 and the outlet guide vane 14, and adjusts the rotation angle and azimuth of the inlet guide vane 13 and / or the outlet guide vane 14 to change the opening and closing angle, so that the flow rate and velocity of the air entering the combustion chamber 2 can be adjusted according to the actual situation until the growth rate of the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 reaches the preset range. Thus, the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 can be prevented from being too thick, the combustion efficiency can be effectively improved, the performance of the gas turbine can be enhanced, the wear probability of the gas turbine components can be reduced, and the operating cost of the gas turbine can be reduced and the service life of the gas turbine can be extended.

[0069] According to the control method of the gas turbine system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, by detecting the growth amount k of the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 within the preset time t, and then controlling the opening and closing angle of at least one of the inlet guide vane 13 and the outlet guide vane 14 according to the growth amount k of the carbon deposit thickness, the flow rate and velocity of the air entering the combustion chamber 2 can be adjusted when the carbon deposit thickness is too thick. Thus, the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 can be prevented from being too thick, the combustion efficiency can be effectively improved, the performance of the gas turbine can be enhanced, the wear probability of the gas turbine components can be reduced, and the operating cost of the gas turbine can be reduced and the service life of the gas turbine can be extended.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the combustion chamber 2 includes a main combustion zone 21, a secondary combustion zone 22, and a tail of the combustion zone 23 arranged in sequence. The main combustion zone 21 is communicated with the air outlet. Detecting the growth amount k of the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 within the preset time t includes:

[0071] Detecting the growth amount a of the carbon deposit thickness in the main combustion zone 21 within the preset time t, detecting the growth amount b of the carbon deposit thickness in the secondary combustion zone 22 within the preset time t, and detecting the growth amount c of the carbon deposit thickness in the tail of the combustion zone 23 within the preset time t.

[0072] By detecting the carbon deposit thickness conditions of the main combustion zone 21, the secondary combustion zone 22, and the tail of the combustion zone 23 through the carbon deposit detection device 3, the growth rate of the carbon deposit thickness of the main combustion zone 21, the secondary combustion zone 22, and the tail of the combustion zone 23 can be measured more accurately, the reason for the excessive carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber 2 can be judged, and corresponding measures can be taken. The carbon deposit problem can be solved more efficiently, thereby further improving the combustion efficiency and enhancing the performance of the gas turbine, and further reducing the operating cost of the gas turbine and extending the service life of the gas turbine.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, controlling the opening and closing angle of the inlet guide vane 13 and the outlet guide vane 14 according to the growth amount k of the carbon deposit thickness includes:

[0074] Determine that the growth amount a of the carbon deposit thickness is greater than the first preset value x;

[0075] Control the opening and closing angle of the outlet guide vane 14 to increase.

[0076] The carbon deposit detection device 3 detects the carbon deposit amount in the main combustion zone 21 and transmits the data to the control system 10. When the control system 10 determines that the growth amount a of the carbon deposit thickness is greater than the first preset value x, that is, when the carbon deposit amount in the main combustion zone 21 is too much, it can be judged that the fuel combustion in the main combustion zone 21 is insufficient. At this time, the control system 10 controls the opening and closing angle of the outlet guide vane 14 to increase, so that the air and fuel are mixed more fully until the real-time growth amount a of the carbon deposit thickness in the main combustion zone 21 detected by the carbon deposit detection device 3 is less than or equal to the first preset value x. It can avoid the carbon deposit thickness in the main combustion chamber from being too thick, effectively improve the combustion efficiency and the performance of the gas turbine, and also reduce the wear probability of the gas turbine components, thereby reducing the operating cost of the gas turbine and prolonging the service life of the gas turbine.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, controlling the opening and closing angles of the inlet guide vane 13 and the outlet guide vane 14 according to the growth amount k of the carbon deposit thickness includes:

[0078] Determine that the growth amount c of the carbon deposit thickness is greater than the second preset value z;

[0079] Control the opening and closing angles of the inlet guide vane 13 and the outlet guide vane 14 to decrease.

[0080] The carbon deposit detection device 3 detects the carbon deposit amount in the tail of the combustion zone 23 and transmits the data to the control system 10. When the control system 10 determines that the growth amount c of the carbon deposit thickness is greater than the second preset value z, that is, when the carbon deposit amount in the tail of the combustion zone 23 is too much, it can be judged that the air flow velocity intensity injected into the combustion chamber 2 is too large, so that the fuel is carried to the tail of the combustion zone 23 by the air before it is fully burned in the main combustion zone 21 and the secondary combustion zone 22. At this time, the control system 10 controls the opening and closing angles of the inlet guide vane 13 and the outlet guide vane 14 to decrease, thereby reducing the rate of air flowing into the combustion chamber 2 until the real-time growth amount c of the carbon deposit thickness in the tail of the combustion zone 23 detected by the carbon deposit detection device 3 is less than or equal to the second preset value z. It can avoid the carbon deposit thickness in the tail of the combustion zone 23 from being too thick, effectively improve the combustion efficiency and the performance of the gas turbine, and also reduce the wear probability of the gas turbine components, thereby reducing the operating cost of the gas turbine and prolonging the service life of the gas turbine.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the gas turbine system 100 includes a fuel passage B, which is connected to the combustion chamber 2 for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber 2. A gas control valve 4 is provided on the fuel passage B for controlling the on / off of the fuel passage B and the fluid flow rate in the fuel passage B. The control method further includes:

[0082] Determine that the carbon deposit thickness increment b is greater than the third preset value y;

[0083] Control the opening degree of the gas control valve 4 to increase, or control the opening angle of the inlet guide vane 13 to decrease.

[0084] The carbon deposit detection device 3 detects the carbon deposit amount in the secondary combustion zone 22 and transmits the data to the control system 10. When the control system 10 determines that the carbon deposit thickness increment b is greater than the third preset value y, that is, when the carbon deposit amount in the secondary combustion zone 22 is excessive, it can be judged that more air is introduced into the combustion chamber 2 during the combustion process, resulting in too low average temperature of the combustion flame. At this time, the control system 10 controls the opening degree of the gas control valve 4 to increase to increase the fuel injected into the combustion chamber 2, or controls the opening angle of the inlet guide vane 13 to decrease to reduce the air intake until the real-time carbon deposit thickness increment b detected by the carbon deposit detection device 3 in the secondary combustion zone 22 is greater than the third preset value y. It can avoid the carbon deposit thickness in the secondary combustion zone 22 from being too thick, effectively improve the combustion efficiency and enhance the performance of the gas turbine, and also reduce the wear probability of the gas turbine components, thereby reducing the operating cost of the gas turbine and extending the service life of the gas turbine.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the gas turbine system 100 further includes a flue gas pipeline 8, which is connected to the combustion chamber 2 for treating NOx contained in the exhaust gas. The flue gas pipeline 8 is connected to an ammonia passage C for introducing ammonia into the flue gas pipeline 8. An ammonia control valve 9 is provided on the ammonia passage C for controlling the on / off of the ammonia passage C and the fluid flow rate in the ammonia passage C. The control method of the gas turbine system 100 further includes:

[0086] Determine the temperature and humidity of the environment where the gas turbine system 100 is located;

[0087] Determine the content of NOx in the exhaust gas according to the temperature and humidity of the environment;

[0088] Determine the ammonia flow rate introduced into the flue gas pipeline 8;

[0089] Control the opening degree of the ammonia control valve 9.

[0090] It can be understood that the control system 10 receives and stores the performance data of NOx emissions related to the ambient temperature and humidity during the combustion operation of the gas turbine, and then the control system 10 analyzes the NOx emissions or trends under different ambient temperatures and humidities based on the detected relevant performance data and establishes a relevant relationship.

[0091] The temperature and humidity sensor 11 detects the temperature and humidity of the environment where the gas turbine system 100 is located in real time and transmits the data to the control system 10. The control system 10 analyzes the signals transmitted by the temperature and humidity sensor 11 and determines the NOx emission situation under the corresponding ambient temperature and humidity conditions. Then, according to the predicted NOx content in the exhaust gas, the ammonia flow rate to be introduced into the flue gas duct 8 is calculated, and a control signal is sent to the ammonia control valve 9 to control the opening and closing degree of the ammonia control valve 9, so as to adjust the appropriate ammonia introduction amount, which can adapt to the purification of NOx under different environmental conditions, thereby improving the denitrification stability and anti-disturbance ability of the gas turbine system 100.

[0092] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0093] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gas turbine system, characterized in that: include: A compressor, the compressor comprising an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet being provided with a rotatable inlet guide vane, and the air outlet being provided with a rotatable outlet guide vane; a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber being in communication with the gas outlet; a carbon deposit detection device, the carbon deposit detection device being arranged on the combustion chamber and used for detecting the thickness of carbon deposits in the combustion chamber; A control system, wherein the control system is respectively communicatively connected with the carbon deposit detection device, the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane, and is used to control the opening and closing angle of at least one of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane according to the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber.

2. The gas turbine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A fuel passage, wherein the fuel passage is connected to the combustion chamber and is used to introduce fuel into the combustion chamber. A gas control valve is provided on the fuel passage to control the on-off of the fuel passage and the flow rate of the fluid in the fuel passage. The control system is communicatively connected to the gas control valve and is used to control the degree of opening and closing of the gas control valve according to the thickness of carbon deposits in the combustion chamber.

3. The gas turbine system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The combustion chamber comprises a primary combustion zone, a secondary combustion zone and a combustion zone tail arranged in sequence, the primary combustion zone is connected to the gas outlet, The carbon deposit detection device is used to respectively detect the carbon deposit thickness in the main combustion zone, the secondary combustion zone and the tail of the combustion zone, and the control system is used to control the opening and closing angles of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane and control the opening and closing degree of the gas control valve according to the carbon deposit thickness in the main combustion zone, the secondary combustion zone and the tail of the combustion zone.

4. The gas turbine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: a turbine, the turbine being in communication with the combustion chamber; A load is connected to the turbine, and the load is driven by the turbine.

5. The gas turbine system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler is connected to the turbine, and the waste heat boiler is provided with an exhaust port for discharging exhaust gas to the outside; A flue gas duct is communicated with the exhaust port and is used for treating NOx contained in the exhaust gas.

6. The gas turbine system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flue gas pipeline is connected to an ammonia passage for introducing ammonia into the flue gas pipeline. The ammonia passage is provided with an ammonia control valve for controlling the on-off of the ammonia passage and controlling the fluid flow in the ammonia passage. The flue gas pipeline is also provided with a feeding port for adding catalyst into the flue gas pipeline.

7. The gas turbine system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas turbine system further comprises: A temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the gas turbine system is located. The control system is respectively connected to the temperature and humidity sensor and the ammonia control valve for communication, and is used to control the opening and closing degree of the ammonia control valve according to the temperature and humidity of the environment.

8. The gas turbine system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A heat receiving element is connected to the waste heat boiler and is used to store high-temperature gas generated by combustion in the combustion chamber.

9. A method for controlling a gas turbine system, characterized in that: The gas turbine system is a gas turbine system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the control method comprises: Detecting the increase k of the carbon deposit thickness in the combustion chamber within a preset time t; The opening and closing angle of at least one of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane is controlled according to the carbon deposit thickness growth amount k.

10. The gas turbine system control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The combustion chamber comprises a primary combustion zone, a secondary combustion zone and a combustion zone tail arranged in sequence, the primary combustion zone is connected to the gas outlet, and the detection of the carbon deposit thickness growth amount k of the combustion chamber within a preset time t comprises: Detect the increase a of the carbon deposit thickness in the main combustion zone within the preset time t, detect the increase b of the carbon deposit thickness in the secondary combustion zone within the preset time t, and detect the increase c of the carbon deposit thickness at the tail of the combustion zone within the preset time t.

11. The gas turbine system control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The controlling the opening and closing angles of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane according to the carbon deposit thickness growth amount k comprises: Determining that the carbon deposit thickness growth amount a is greater than a first preset value x; Controlling the opening and closing angle of the outlet guide vane to increase; And / or, controlling the opening and closing angles of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane according to the carbon deposit thickness growth amount k includes: Determining that the carbon deposit thickness growth amount c is greater than a second preset value z; The opening and closing angles of the inlet guide vane and the outlet guide vane are controlled to decrease.

12. The control method of the gas turbine system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The gas turbine system includes a fuel passage, the fuel passage is in communication with the combustion chamber and is used to introduce fuel into the combustion chamber, the fuel passage is provided with a gas control valve, and is used to control the on-off of the fuel passage and the flow rate of the fluid in the fuel passage, and the control method further includes: Determining that the carbon deposit thickness growth amount b is greater than a third preset value y; The opening and closing degree of the gas control valve is controlled to increase, or the opening and closing angle of the inlet guide vane is controlled to decrease.

13. The method for controlling a gas turbine system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The gas turbine system further includes a flue gas duct, which is in communication with the combustion chamber and is used to treat NOx contained in the exhaust gas. The flue gas duct is connected to an ammonia passage for introducing ammonia into the flue gas duct. The ammonia passage is provided with an ammonia control valve for controlling the on-off of the ammonia passage and controlling the flow rate of the fluid in the ammonia passage. The control method of the gas turbine system further includes: Determining the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the gas turbine system is located; Determine the NOx content in the exhaust gas according to the temperature and humidity of the environment; determining the flow rate of ammonia gas introduced into the flue gas duct; Control the opening and closing degree of the ammonia control valve.

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