Automatic pressure-regulating anti-icing device for turboshaft engine of helicopter

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic pressure regulating and anti-icing device for a turboshaft engine of a helicopter, and relates to the technical field of helicopter anti-icing, the automatic pressure regulating and anti-icing device comprises a channel assembly, an electromagnetic valve assembly, a mold cavity assembly, a pressure regulating valve assembly, a position annunciator assembly, an inlet side guide pipe and an outlet side guide pipe, and the area of a control cavity of the mold cavity assembly is larger than that of a feedback cavity of the mold cavity assembly; the feedback cavity is provided with a deflation cone assembly and a change-over valve assembly; the deflation cone assembly is used for finely adjusting the pressure in the feedback cavity through deflation; when the electromagnetic valve assembly is powered on, constant gas which is set and formed through the pressure regulating valve assembly is transferred to the feedback cavity through the change-over valve assembly, and a channel of the channel assembly is closed in an auxiliary mode. The pressure of the feedback cavity can be finely adjusted, meanwhile, the outlet pressure is accurately controlled, and the channel closing time can be shortened; the design that the control cavity is large in area and the feedback cavity is small in area is adopted, when the electromagnetic valve is powered off, pressure gas is introduced into the control cavity to form pressure difference with the feedback cavity, and opening time is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of helicopter anti-icing, and more particularly, to an automatic pressure regulating anti-icing device for a helicopter turboshaft engine. Background Art

[0002] The main function of the anti-icing device is to adjust the high-temperature gas introduced from the high-pressure air compressor according to the requirements of the electronic controller to prevent ice on parts such as the zero-stage guide vane of the engine compressor. The anti-icing device mainly consists of a channel assembly, a pressure regulating valve assembly, a solenoid valve assembly, a cavity assembly, a position signaler assembly, etc. With the development of the helicopter industry, helicopters have played an important role in many fields, and the quality and performance of helicopters have also been increasing day by day, with higher requirements for the performance and reliability of the anti-icing device. The traditional anti-icing device has a limited range of adjusting the inlet gas pressure, a long switching response time, a large range of outlet pressure fluctuations, low control accuracy, and low reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide an automatic pressure regulating anti-icing device for a helicopter turboshaft engine, which can solve the above problems.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides an automatic pressure regulating anti-icing device for a helicopter turboshaft engine, including a channel assembly, a solenoid valve assembly, a cavity assembly, a pressure regulating valve assembly, a position signaler assembly, an inlet-side conduit, and an outlet-side conduit. The control cavity area of the cavity assembly is larger than the area of its feedback cavity; a gas release cone assembly and a conversion valve assembly are arranged in the feedback cavity; the gas release cone assembly is used to finely adjust the pressure in the feedback cavity by releasing gas; when the solenoid valve assembly is energized, the constant gas adjusted and formed by the pressure regulating valve assembly is transferred to the feedback cavity through the conversion valve assembly to assist in closing the channel of the channel assembly.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: The inlet of the outlet-side conduit is connected to the outlet side of the channel of the channel assembly through a bent pipe; the outlet of the bent pipe is connected to the inlet of the outlet-side conduit, and the inlet is located at the center of the outlet section of the channel and faces the channel outlet direction.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: A bushing is arranged between the pin shaft and the connecting rod at the joint part of the connecting rod mechanism assembly of the cavity assembly to achieve rotational fit through the bushing.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The channel assembly includes a channel, a butterfly plate placed in the channel and configured with a first sealing ring on the gate side, a rotating shaft for driving the rotation of the butterfly plate, and a rotating shaft height adjustment component for adjusting the axial position of the rotating shaft.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: The cavity of the cavity assembly includes a piston moving cavity and the feedback cavity; the piston moving cavity is provided with a piston assembly, a return spring and a linkage mechanism assembly; the linkage mechanism assembly connects the piston assembly and the rotating shaft; the side of the piston assembly facing away from the return spring and the linkage mechanism assembly is a control cavity; the side of the piston assembly facing away from the control cavity communicates with the feedback cavity; the return spring is used to adjust the position of the piston assembly in combination with the air pressure changes in the feedback cavity and the control cavity.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: The pressure regulating valve assembly includes a small valve, a small valve spring, a bellows assembly, an end cover and a valve seat; the small valve is pressed against the bottom end of the bellows assembly by the small valve spring, the top end of the bellows assembly is connected to the end cover through a threaded adjusting member, and the gap between the small valve and the valve seat is adjusted through the threaded adjusting member; the gas entering the cavity of the end cover can compress the bellows assembly to move the small valve and reduce the gap between the small valve and the valve seat.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: The solenoid valve assembly includes passage A, passage P, passage B, a coil, an electromagnet matching the coil, an armature matching the electromagnet, a push rod connecting the armature and sleeved with a secondary spring, and a sealing rod sleeved with a main spring and connected to the push rod; passage A leads to the control cavity; when the coil is not energized, the sealing rod axially moves under the action of the main spring, blocks passage B, and connects passage A and passage P; when the coil is energized, the sealing rod is axially pushed by the push rod, blocks passage P, and connects passage A and passage B.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: The position signaler assembly includes a microswitch, a microswitch spring piece serving as a moving contact arranged on the microswitch, and a rotating block connected to the microswitch spring piece through an adjusting screw and arranged on the rotating shaft.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1) An air release cone assembly is installed in the feedback cavity. The air release cone can finely adjust the pressure in the feedback cavity and accurately control the outlet pressure at the same time.

[0015] 2) Bent pipes are added inside the channel to change the position of the air extraction port at the outlet of the anti-icing device, avoiding the turbulent air flow generated when the channel butterfly valve is switched, which is beneficial to the stability of the outlet pressure of the anti-icing device and reduces the fluctuation range.

[0016] 3) An anti-icing device is equipped with a conversion valve assembly. When the solenoid valve is energized, the inlet gas pressure enters the pressure regulating valve for pressure regulation and then directly enters the feedback chamber through the conversion valve, cooperating with the return spring to quickly close the passage, reducing the passage closing time.

[0017] 4) The cavity assembly is designed with a large control chamber area and a small feedback chamber area. When the solenoid valve is de-energized, the pressure gas is introduced into the control chamber to form a pressure difference with the feedback chamber, which is beneficial to the opening of the passage and reduces the opening time.

[0018] 5) For the original cavity assembly, at the joint part of its linkage mechanism assembly, the pin shaft and the connecting rod are assembled through a spherical plain bearing. In the present invention, the spherical plain bearing in the linkage mechanism is removed and replaced with a bushing, reducing the displacement between parts, reducing the displacement of the butterfly plate from side to side when closing, and reducing the internal leakage.

[0019] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specifically enumerates embodiments of the present invention and, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, gives a detailed description as follows. Description of the Drawings

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a 3D schematic diagram of the anti-icing device structure;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a 2D schematic diagram of the passage component structure;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a 3D schematic diagram of the passage component structure;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a 2D schematic diagram of the cavity component structure;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a 2D schematic diagram of the pressure regulating component structure;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a 2D schematic diagram of the solenoid valve component structure;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a 2D schematic diagram of the micro switch component structure;

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the anti-icing device solenoid valve energized and in the pressure regulating state;

[0029] Figure 9Schematic diagram of the anti-icing device's solenoid valve being energized and the channel in the closed state;

[0030] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the anti-icing device having no air source and the channel in the closed state;

[0031] In the figure: 100, channel assembly; 101, channel; 102, butterfly plate; 103, first sealing ring; 104, adjusting gasket; 105, top end cover; 106, rotating shaft; 107, rolling bearing; 108, bearing sleeve; 109, top cover spring; 110, bottom end cover; 111, elbow; 200, air release cone assembly; 300, solenoid valve assembly; 301, tailstock; 302, second sealing ring; 303, main spring; 304, sealing rod; 305, auxiliary spring; 306, coil; 307, ejector rod; 308, armature; 309, cover plate; 310, electromagnet; 400, cavity assembly; 401, lower cavity assembly; 402, connecting rod mechanism assembly; 403, cavity plug; 404, conversion valve assembly; 405, return spring; 406, graphite expansion ring I; 407, piston assembly; 408, upper cavity assembly; 409, upper cavity plug; 410, graphite expansion ring II; 411, bushing; 500, pressure regulating valve assembly; 501, plug; 502, spring block; 503, small valve spring; 504, valve seat; 505, small valve; 506, fine thread nut for valve seat; 507, bellows assembly; 508, nut; 509, end cover; 600, position signaler assembly; 601, microswitch spring piece; 602, rotating block; 603, adjusting screw; 604, microswitch; 700, inlet side conduit; 800, outlet side conduit. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, it is a schematic diagram of the specific implementation structure of the automatic pressure regulating anti-icing device for a helicopter turboshaft engine of the present invention. In the figure, the anti-icing device includes a channel assembly 100, an air release cone assembly 200, a solenoid valve assembly 300, a cavity assembly 400, a pressure regulating valve assembly 500, a position signaler assembly 600, an inlet side conduit 700, and an outlet side conduit 800.

[0034] As Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown in the figure, the channel assembly 100 includes a channel 101, a butterfly plate 102, a first sealing ring 103, an adjusting gasket 104, a top end cover 105, a rotating shaft 106, a rolling bearing 107, a bearing sleeve 108, a top cover spring 109, a bottom end cover 110, and an elbow 111. The first sealing ring 103 is clamped in a groove formed in the gate side surface (the side surface that mates with the inner wall of the channel 101) of the butterfly plate 102. The butterfly plate 102 and the first sealing ring 103 are the actuating components for opening and closing the anti-icing air intake channel 101, that is, the valve core of the anti-icing device. The butterfly plate 102 and the first sealing ring 103 are fixed on the rotating shaft 106 and rotate together with the rotating shaft 106. The rolling bearing 107 and the bearing sleeve 108 are used to position the rotation axis of the rotating shaft 106. The top cover spring 109 and the adjusting gasket 104 are used as a rotating shaft height adjusting component. By increasing or decreasing the number of adjusting gaskets 104 and combining with the spring force of the top cover spring 109, the height position of the rotating shaft 106 is adjusted. The air inlet of the outlet side conduit 800 is connected to the outlet side of the channel 101 of the channel assembly 100 through the elbow 111. The outlet of the elbow 111 is connected to the air inlet of the outlet side conduit 800. The inlet is located at the center position of the outlet section of the channel 101 and faces the outlet direction of the channel 101.

[0035] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, the mold cavity assembly 400 includes a lower mold cavity assembly 401, a link mechanism assembly 402, a mold cavity plug 403, a conversion valve assembly 404, a return spring 405, a graphite expansion ring I 406, a piston assembly 407, an upper mold cavity assembly 408, an upper mold cavity plug 409, and a graphite expansion ring II 410. The mold cavity assembly 400 is the control component of the anti-icing device. Its main function is to sense the pressure at the air inlet of the control cavity, overcome the force of the return spring 405 to push the piston assembly 407 to move, and convert the linear motion into the rotational motion of the butterfly plate 102 through the link mechanism assembly 402, so as to realize the opening and closing of the air path of the anti-icing device. By balancing the pressure of the rear feedback cavity and the force of the return spring 405 with the pressure at the air inlet of the control cavity, the moving position of the piston assembly 407 is adjusted, thereby realizing the control of the opening and closing degree of the butterfly plate 102 of the anti-icing device. At the joint part of the link mechanism assembly 402, a bushing 411 is arranged between the pin shaft and the link, and the rotational cooperation between the pin shaft and the link is realized through the bushing 411.

[0036] As Figure 5As shown in the figure, the pressure regulating valve assembly 500 includes a plug 501, a spring stopper 502, a small valve spring 503, a valve seat 504, a small valve 505, a fine thread nut for the valve seat 506, a bellows assembly 507, a nut 508, and an end cap 509. The main function of the pressure regulating valve assembly 500 is to control the magnitude of the introduced gas pressure and ensure the stability of the regulated gas pressure. The small valve 505 is pressed against the bottom of the bellows assembly 507 under the action of the force of the small valve spring 503 at the bottom. The adjusting screw at the other end of the bellows assembly 507 is installed on the end cap 509, and the gap between the tail of the small valve 505 and the valve seat 504 is adjusted by the adjusting screw. When the gas passes through the gap, a part of it enters the cavity of the end cap 509, and a part enters the control gas path. The gas entering the cavity of the end cap 509 compresses the bellows assembly 507, and the small valve 505 moves together. The gap between the tail of the small valve 505 and the valve seat 504 decreases, the gas flow rate passing through decreases, the pressure in the cavity of the end cap 509 decreases, the bellows assembly 507 extends again, and while extending, it drives the small valve 505 to move, thereby increasing the gap at the tail of the small valve 505 again. In this way, the pressure regulating valve 500 forms a dynamic balance, thereby outputting a constant pressure in the control gas path.

[0037] As Figure 6 shown in the figure, the solenoid valve assembly 300 includes a tail seat 301, a second sealing ring 302, a main spring 303, a sealing rod 304, a secondary spring 305, a coil 306, a push rod 307, an armature 308, a cover plate 309, and an electromagnet 310. When the solenoid valve assembly 300 is not powered on, at this time, the sealing rod 304 is pushed towards the electromagnet 310 under the action of the force of the main spring 303, so that the sealing rod 304 blocks the gas passage B, and the passage A and the passage P are connected (the gas entering the solenoid valve 300 through the passage P passes through the passage A and then enters the control cavity of the cavity assembly to push the piston assembly 407 to overcome the spring force of the return spring 405 to rotate the disc 102 and open the valve). When the solenoid valve 300 is powered on, the electromagnet 310 generates a magnetic field. Since there is a gap X between the armature 308 and the electromagnet 310, under the action of the magnetic field, the armature 308 will be attracted to move a distance X. And the sealing rod 304 is connected to the armature 308 through the push rod 307, so the sealing rod 304 also moves a distance X, so that the passage P is blocked, and the passage A is connected to the passage B (the gas source of the passage P is blocked, and the piston assembly 407 is reset under the action of the spring force, and the gas in the control cavity of the cavity assembly is discharged to the outside through the passage A and the passage B).

[0038] As Figure 7As shown, the position signaler assembly 600 includes a microswitch spring piece 601, a rotating block 602, an adjusting screw 603, and a microswitch 604. The rotating block 602 is installed at the upper end of the rotating shaft 106 and rotates together with the rotating shaft 106. When the pressure air is not passed through the inlet of the anti-icing device assembly or when the solenoid valve assembly 300 is energized, the rotating block 602 is in a state of pressing the microswitch spring piece 601 and triggers the microswitch 604 to send a signal that the anti-icing device is in the closed state; when the pressure air is passed through the inlet of the anti-icing device assembly and the solenoid valve 300 is de-energized, the inlet pressure air enters the control chamber to push the piston assembly 407 to move, drives the rotating shaft 106 to rotate through the link mechanism assembly 402, so that the butterfly plate 102 and the rotating block 602 fixed to the rotating shaft 106 rotate together. The rotating block 602 moves away from the microswitch spring piece 601, and the contact between the microswitch spring piece 601 and the microswitch contact is disconnected, sending a signal that the anti-icing device is in the open state. Through the above mechanism, the opening condition of the butterfly plate 102 can be accurately feedback.

[0039] When the anti-icing device solenoid valve is de-energized, the working principle of the pressure regulating state is as Figure 8 As shown, a part of the pressure air on the inlet side of the anti-icing device enters the air extraction port A, passes through the filter screen and then enters the pressure regulating valve assembly 500 through the inlet side conduit 700. The pressure regulating valve assembly 500 adjusts it to a constant pressure and leads it to the solenoid valve assembly 300. If the solenoid valve assembly 300 is de-energized, the control gas enters the control chamber, pushes the piston assembly 407 to move in the direction of opening the device passage 100, drives the rotating shaft 106 to rotate through the link mechanism assembly 402, and the rotating shaft 106 drives the butterfly plate 102 to rotate to open the device passage 100; a part of the pressure air on the outlet side of the anti-icing device enters the air extraction port B (i.e., the inlet of the elbow 111), enters the outlet side conduit 800 through the elbow 111, enters the feedback air path through the outlet side conduit 800, enters the feedback chamber after passing through the switching valve assembly 404, and the piston assembly 407 is under the combined action of the pressure in the control chamber, the pressure in the feedback chamber, the spring force of the return spring 405 and the aerodynamic force received by the butterfly plate 102, so that the butterfly plate 102 reaches the required opening angle to achieve a constant outlet pressure of the device. When the device passage 100 is opened, the adjusting screw on the adjusting block 602 connected to the butterfly plate 102 and the rotating shaft 106 loosens the microswitch spring piece 601, and the contact of the microswitch 604 is disconnected, sending a feedback signal of the device opening to the electronic controller.

[0040] When the anti-icing device solenoid valve is energized, the principle of the channel closed state is as Figure 9As shown in the figure, the gas at the inlet of the anti-icing device passes through the filter screen filtration and the regulation of the pressure regulating valve assembly 500 and then enters the solenoid valve assembly 300. When the solenoid valve assembly 300 is powered on, the gas is regulated to a constant gas pressure by the pressure regulating valve assembly 500, enters the feedback chamber through the switching valve assembly 404, and moves towards the closing direction of the device channel 100 in cooperation with the feedback chamber return spring 405 to quickly close the valve channel 100. At the same time, the adjusting screw on the adjuster 602 connected to the butterfly plate 102 and the rotating shaft 106 presses the microswitch support piece to trigger the microswitch 600, and sends a feedback signal of the anti-icing device closing to the electronic controller.

[0041] The principle of the anti-icing device without gas source and in the channel closed state is as Figure 10 As shown in the figure, when there is no gas passing through the inlet of the anti-icing device, no gas enters the control air circuit, the control chamber has no pressure, and the piston assembly 407 and the linkage mechanism assembly 402 move towards the closing direction under the action of the piston return spring 405. The butterfly plate 102 of the anti-icing device closes the valve channel 100 under the drive of the piston assembly 407 and the linkage mechanism assembly 402. At the same time, the adjusting screw on the adjusting block 602 connected to the butterfly plate 102 and the rotating shaft 106 presses the microswitch support piece to trigger the microswitch 604, and sends a feedback signal of the valve closing to the electronic controller.

[0042] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic pressure regulating and anti-icing device for a helicopter turboshaft engine, comprising a channel assembly (100), a solenoid valve assembly (300), a cavity assembly (400), a pressure regulating valve assembly (500), a position signal assembly (600), an inlet side conduit (700) and an outlet side conduit (800), characterized in that: The control cavity area of ​​the mold cavity assembly (400) is larger than the area of ​​its feedback cavity; the feedback cavity is provided with a deflation cone assembly (200) and a conversion valve assembly (404); the deflation cone assembly (200) is used to fine-tune the pressure in the feedback cavity by deflation; when the solenoid valve assembly (300) is energized, the constant gas adjusted and formed by the pressure regulating valve assembly (500) is transferred to the feedback cavity through the conversion valve assembly (404), thereby assisting in closing the channel (101) of the channel assembly (100).

2. The helicopter turboshaft engine automatic pressure regulating anti-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet of the outlet-side conduit (800) is connected to the outlet side of the channel (101) of the channel assembly (100) through a bend (111); the outlet of the bend (111) is connected to the air inlet of the outlet-side conduit (800), and the inlet is located at the center of the outlet section of the channel (101) and faces the outlet direction of the channel (101).

3. The helicopter turboshaft engine automatic pressure regulating anti-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the joint portion of the connecting rod mechanism assembly (402) of the cavity assembly (400), a bushing is arranged between the pin shaft and the connecting rod, and rotational fit is achieved through the bushing.

4. The helicopter turboshaft engine automatic pressure regulating anti-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The channel assembly (100) comprises a channel (101), a butterfly plate (102) disposed in the channel (101) and having a first sealing ring (103) disposed on the gate side surface, a rotating shaft (106) for driving the butterfly plate (102) to rotate, and a rotating shaft height adjustment assembly for adjusting the axial position of the rotating shaft (106).

5. The helicopter turboshaft engine automatic pressure regulating and anti-icing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mold cavity of the mold cavity assembly (400) includes a piston moving cavity and the feedback cavity; the piston moving cavity is installed with a piston assembly (407), a return spring (405) and a connecting rod mechanism assembly (402); the connecting rod mechanism assembly (402) connects the piston assembly (407) and the rotating shaft (106); the side of the piston assembly (407) facing away from the return spring (405) and the connecting rod mechanism assembly (402) is a control cavity; the side of the piston assembly (407) facing away from the control cavity is connected to the feedback cavity; the return spring (405) is used to adjust the position of the test piston assembly (407) in combination with the air pressure changes in the feedback cavity and the control cavity.

6. The helicopter turboshaft engine automatic pressure regulating anti-icing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure regulating valve assembly (500) comprises a small valve (505), a small valve spring (503), a bellows assembly (507), an end cover (509) and a valve seat (504); the small valve (505) is pressed against the bottom end of the bellows assembly (507) by the small valve spring (503); the top end of the bellows assembly (507) is connected to the end cover (509) via a threaded adjustment member, and the gap between the small valve (505) and the valve seat (504) is adjusted by the threaded adjustment member; the gas entering the cavity of the end cover (509) can compress the bellows assembly (507), so that the small valve (505) moves, thereby reducing the gap between the small valve (505) and the valve seat (504).

7. The helicopter turboshaft engine automatic pressure regulating and anti-icing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The solenoid valve assembly (300) comprises a passage A, a passage P, a passage B, a coil (306), an electromagnet (310) matching the coil (306), an armature (308) matching the electromagnet (310), a push rod (307) connected to the armature (308) and sleeved with a secondary spring (305), and a sealing rod (304) sleeved with a main spring (303) and connected to the push rod (307); the passage A leads to the control chamber; when the coil (306) is not energized, the sealing rod (304) moves axially under the action of the main spring (303) and blocks the passage B, thereby connecting the passage A with the passage P; when the coil (306) is energized, the sealing rod (304) is pushed axially by the push rod (307) and blocks the passage P, thereby connecting the passage A with the passage B.

8. The helicopter turboshaft engine automatic pressure regulating and anti-icing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The position signaler assembly (600) includes a micro switch (604), a micro switch spring (601) disposed on the micro switch (604) and serving as a moving contact, and a rotating block (602) connected to the micro switch spring (601) via an adjusting screw (603) and disposed on the rotating shaft (106).

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