Front integrated fan transmission system and wind generating set

Abstract

The invention discloses a front integrated fan transmission system and a wind generating set. The fan transmission system comprises a main shaft, a rear bearing, a gear box and an elastic coupling. And the rear bearing is in contact with the main shaft, can slide along the circumferential direction, and is used for supporting the main shaft and limiting the displacement of the main shaft along the radial direction. The gearbox comprises a shell and a low-speed shaft, and the rear bearing makes contact with and is connected with the shell and used for supporting the gearbox. And the low-speed shaft and the main shaft are coaxially arranged. One end of the elastic coupling is connected with the rear end of the main shaft, and the other end of the elastic coupling is connected with the front end of the low-speed shaft. According to the fan transmission system provided by the invention, the gear box is rigidly connected with the cabin underframe through the rear bearing, and the low-speed shaft is elastically connected with the main shaft, so that the fan transmission system with rigid outside, elastic inside and integrated front is formed. The fan transmission system can smoothly transmit torque, reduce the impact of the impeller on the gear box, reduce the width and length size of a unit, and is friendly to the layout of a cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a front-integrated fan drive system, and also relates to a wind turbine generator set including the fan drive system, belonging to the technical field of wind power generation. Background Art

[0002] During each rotation of each rotor blade of a wind turbine generator set, it will experience different wind speeds and wind directions, thereby generating additional and continuously changing forces and torques on the impeller and hub, and these forces and torques are further transmitted to the main shaft and gearbox of the unit. For today's wind turbine generator sets with an impeller rotation diameter reaching 100 m or more, the external loads in the impeller rotation plane will have a huge impact on the wind turbine generator set.

[0003] In order to keep the sensitive mechanical components in the wind turbine generator set away from external loads, for non-direct-drive wind turbine generator sets, the connection methods between the main shaft and the gearbox include: ① rigid outside and elastic inside (non-front-integrated), the gearbox is installed on the nacelle chassis, which is a rigid connection, and the rear end of the main shaft is connected to the low-speed shaft of the gearbox through a coupling, which is an elastic connection, such as a four-point support structure; ② elastic outside and rigid inside, the main shaft and the low-speed shaft of the gearbox are connected by bolts and pin shafts, which is a rigid connection, and the gearbox housing is connected to the hydraulic elastic support element and the nacelle chassis through a torque arm, which is an elastic connection, such as a three-point support structure; ③ rigid outside and rigid inside, the main shaft and the low-speed shaft of the gearbox are rigidly connected, and the gearbox housing is rigidly connected to the rear bearing seat, such as a two-point support structure.

[0004] In the Chinese utility model with the patent number ZL 202321169135.1, a wind turbine generator set is disclosed. The technical solution includes a tower, a nacelle arranged at the top of the tower, a generator arranged in the nacelle, and an impeller connected to the generator through a shafting and located outside the nacelle. In addition, in the Chinese patent application with the application number 202211734378.5, a drive system and a wind turbine generator set are disclosed. The technical solution includes a shafting assembly and a gearbox. The shafting assembly includes a main shaft and a bearing seat that are rotationally matched. The gearbox is arranged on one side of the shafting assembly along its axial direction. The gearbox includes a base formed with an annular inner cavity and an N-stage planetary gear train arranged in the annular inner cavity, N≥2. The input end of the first-stage planetary gear train is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and the bearing seat is fixedly connected to the base. Among them, at least one stage of the N-stage planetary gear train is set as a flexible planetary gear train.

[0005] However, the existing solutions still have the following deficiencies: ① The outer part is rigid and the inner part is elastic (non-front integrated), and there are multiple bearings and supports in the transmission system, resulting in a relatively large length dimension; ② The outer part is elastic and the inner part is rigid. Due to the existence of a torque arm in the gearbox, the structural width dimension is relatively large, which affects the spatial layout inside the nacelle. For example, it squeezes the maintenance passage. At the same time, the hydraulic elastic supports on both sides have high requirements for the adjustment accuracy of the support height, which is difficult to adjust on-site, the support force is poor, and it is easy to be damaged; ③ The outer part is rigid and the inner part is rigid. The low-speed shaft of the gearbox is rigidly connected to both the main shaft and the nacelle chassis, and the problem of non-concentricity between the main shaft and the gearbox shaft cannot be solved, resulting in the transfer of the main shaft bending moment to the internal bearings and gears of the gearbox, causing greater damage to the inside of the gearbox and affecting the operating life of the gearbox.

[0006] In the existing wind power transmission systems, the three forms of outer rigid and inner elastic (non-front integrated), outer elastic and inner rigid, and outer rigid and inner rigid are all used. Each mainframe manufacturer has its own technical route. Due to the current cost consideration in China, more and more manufacturers use the outer rigid and inner rigid transmission system. However, from a technical perspective, the outer rigid and inner rigid transmission system has high requirements for the stiffness of the main shaft system and the gearbox, greatly increasing the cost of the main shaft system and the gearbox, and sacrificing the reliability of the gearbox. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The primary technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a front-integrated fan transmission system.

[0008] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wind turbine generator set including the above-mentioned fan transmission system.

[0009] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] According to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a front-integrated fan transmission system is provided, including a main shaft, a rear bearing, a gearbox, and an elastic coupling; wherein,

[0011] The rear bearing contacts the main shaft and can slide circumferentially relative to each other to support the main shaft and limit the radial displacement of the main shaft.

[0012] The gearbox includes a housing and a low-speed shaft; the rear bearing contacts and connects with the housing to support the gearbox; the low-speed shaft and the main shaft are coaxially arranged.

[0013] The elastic coupling is a coupling with elasticity; one end of the elastic coupling is connected to the rear end of the main shaft, and the other end of the elastic coupling is connected to the front end of the low-speed shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the main shaft includes a shaft body, a rear journal, and a main shaft half-coupling; wherein,

[0015] The shaft body is a cylindrical structure, and its diameter and length meet the design requirements;

[0016] The rear journal is arranged on the outer surface of the shaft body, near the rear end of the shaft body, and its structure and size meet the design requirements for the bearing journal diameter of large equipment;

[0017] The main shaft half coupling contacts and connects with the rear end of the shaft body, and its structure and size correspond to those of the elastic coupling.

[0018] Preferably, the rear bearing includes a rear bearing housing and a rear bearing group; among them,

[0019] The rear bearing housing is a support structure; the inner surface of the rear bearing housing contacts and connects with the rear bearing group; a connection structure is arranged at the lower end of the rear bearing housing for connecting with the engine room chassis;

[0020] The rear bearing group contacts the rear journal and can slide relative to each other.

[0021] Preferably, the main shaft further includes a thrust disc; the thrust disc is arranged on the outer surface of the shaft body, near the rear end of the shaft body, and its structure and size meet the design requirements for the thrust disc of the thrust bearing of large equipment;

[0022] The rear bearing further includes a thrust bearing; the thrust bearing contacts and connects with the front end of the rear bearing housing; the thrust disc and the thrust bearing contact each other and can slide along the circumferential direction to limit the axial displacement of the main shaft.

[0023] Preferably, the thrust bearing includes a front end housing, a middle section housing, a rear end housing and a thrust bearing group; among them,

[0024] The front end housing and the rear end housing are plate structures, and the middle section housing is a cylindrical structure. The front end of the middle section housing contacts and connects with the rear end face of the front end housing, and the rear end of the middle section housing contacts and connects with the rear end housing to form a hollow surrounding structure;

[0025] The thrust disc is arranged in the internal area of the thrust bearing, and its front end surface contacts and can slide relative to the front thrust bearing group, and its rear end surface contacts and can slide relative to the rear thrust bearing group.

[0026] Preferably, it further includes a front bearing; among them,

[0027] The front bearing includes a front bearing housing and a front bearing group; the front bearing housing is a support structure; the inner surface of the front bearing housing contacts and connects with the front bearing group; a connection structure is arranged at the lower end of the front bearing housing for connecting with the engine room chassis;

[0028] The main shaft further includes a front shaft diameter; the front journal is arranged on the outer surface of the shaft body, near the front end of the shaft body, and its structure and dimensions meet the design requirements for the bearing shaft diameter of large equipment;

[0029] The front bearing group contacts the front shaft diameter and can slide relative to each other.

[0030] Preferably, the low-speed shaft includes a low-speed shaft main shaft and a low-speed shaft half coupling; among them,

[0031] The rear end of the low-speed shaft main shaft is connected to the planet carrier of the gearbox; the low-speed shaft half coupling contacts and connects with the front end of the low-speed shaft main shaft, and its structure and dimensions correspond to those of the elastic coupling.

[0032] Preferably, the low-speed shaft half coupling includes a plurality of low-speed shaft teeth; among them,

[0033] The plurality of low-speed shaft teeth are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the low-speed shaft main shaft and are located in the same cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the low-speed shaft;

[0034] The main shaft half coupling includes a plurality of main shaft teeth, and the plurality of main shaft teeth are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the main shaft and are located in the same cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft;

[0035] The number of the main shaft teeth is equal to that of the low-speed shaft teeth, and they are arranged at intervals in the same cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft and are arranged at equal intervals.

[0036] Preferably, the main shaft tooth waist surfaces of any pair of opposite main shaft teeth and the low-speed shaft tooth waist surfaces of the low-speed shaft teeth are parallel to each other, and the middle planes of the main shaft tooth waist surfaces and the low-speed shaft tooth waist surfaces are coplanar with the axis of the main shaft and the axis of the low-speed shaft;

[0037] An elastic coupling is arranged between any pair of opposite main shaft tooth waist surfaces and low-speed shaft tooth waist surfaces; one end of the elastic coupling contacts and connects with the main shaft tooth, and the other end contacts and connects with the low-speed shaft tooth; the axes of the plurality of elastic couplings are arranged in the same cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft.

[0038] According to the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a wind turbine generator set including the above-mentioned fan drive system is provided, and further includes an impeller hub, a high-speed shaft of the gearbox, and a generator; among them,

[0039] The front end of the fan drive system is connected to the impeller hub; the rear end of the fan drive system is connected to the high-speed shaft of the gearbox; the other end of the high-speed shaft of the gearbox is connected to the rotor of the generator.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the fan drive system provided by the present invention adopts an outer-rigid inner-elastic front-integrated structure. The main shaft is connected to the low-speed shaft of the gearbox through an elastic coupling. The gearbox housing is rigidly connected to the rear bearing seat, and the weight of the gearbox is supported by the rear bearing seat. This fan drive system is applicable to wind turbine generators and has the following advantages: ① Since an elastic coupling is added at the connection between the main shaft and the low-speed shaft of the gearbox, the fan drive system can smoothly transmit torque, reduce the impact of the impeller on the gearbox, and can compensate for axial, angular, and radial alignment deviations; ② It can solve problems such as gearbox impact, wear of internal bearings and teeth, and reduced service life caused by misalignment between the main shaft and the low-speed shaft of the gearbox; ③ There is no need to set up a support structure between the gearbox and the nacelle chassis, so there is no need to set up a torque arm, reducing the occupation of width space, increasing the nacelle passage space, and being friendly to the nacelle layout; ④ Using an elastic coupling and a rear bearing seat to support the gearbox can shorten the axial length of the main shaft and the gearbox, thereby shortening the nacelle length and weight, making the center of gravity of the unit move closer to the center of the tower barrel, and the tower barrel can more stably support the nacelle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is a wind turbine generator provided by the prior art;

[0042] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a front-integrated fan drive system in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the main shaft, low-speed shaft, and elastic coupling in

[0044] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the low-speed shaft in

[0045] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic coupling in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a schematic structural diagram of the base in

[0047] Figure 7 is Figure 5 a schematic structural diagram of the spacer in

[0048] Figure 8 is Figure 5 a schematic structural diagram of the elastomer in

[0049] Figure 9 is Figure 3 a schematic axial structural diagram of the main shaft in

[0050] Figure 10 isFigure 4 Axial structure schematic diagram of the low-speed shaft in

[0051] Figure 11 is Figure 3 Axial structure schematic diagram of the connection between the main shaft and the low-speed shaft at A-A in Specific implementation mode

[0052] The technical content of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] The technical concept in the embodiment of the present invention is: the gearbox housing is rigidly connected to the rear bearing seat of the main shaft, and the low-speed shaft of the gearbox is elastically connected to the main shaft to form an outer-rigid inner-elastic front-integrated structure. Specifically, the front bearing seat and the rear bearing seat of the main shaft are rigidly connected to the nacelle chassis to support the main shaft and the gearbox. The front bearing seat supports the front end of the main shaft and mainly bears the downward bending moment of the impeller. The rear bearing seat supports the rear end of the main shaft and mainly bears the upward bending moment of the impeller. The gearbox housing is connected to the nacelle chassis by relying on the rear bearing seat, forming a cantilever structure, that is, the gearbox is suspended on the rear bearing seat. An elastic coupling is arranged between the main shaft and the low-speed shaft of the gearbox to form an elastic connection and transmit the torque of the impeller. The high-speed shaft of the gearbox is connected to the generator rotor to provide power torque for the generator. As Figure 1 shown, for medium-speed and high-speed wind turbines, the weight at the rear end of the shafting gearbox is much greater than the weight at the hub (impeller) end, so the center of gravity of the unit is located on the side closer to the rear (far from the hub) of the tower center. The fan drive system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can shorten the axial dimension of the main shaft and the gearbox, reduce the weight of the unit, make the center of gravity of the unit approach the tower center, and improve the support effect of the tower.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present invention, the front end is the end of the main shaft, the front and rear bearings, and the gearbox and other equipment along the main shaft direction close to the fan hub (impeller), and the rear end is the end far from the hub and close to the generator. The outer-rigid inner-elastic front-integrated structure means that the gearbox is suspended on the rear bearing seat, the rear bearing seat is the support structure between the gearbox and the nacelle chassis, and the rear bearing is also the support bearing of the gearbox planet carrier. As a difference, the outer-rigid inner-elastic non-front-integrated structure means that the gearbox has a support structure independently connected to the nacelle chassis and does not connect to the rear bearing seat to achieve the support structure.

[0055] First embodiment

[0056] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, a front-integrated fan drive system provided by the first embodiment of the present invention includes a main shaft 1, a front bearing 2, a rear bearing 3, a gearbox 4, and an elastic coupling 5. Among them, the main shaft 1 is connected to the hub to receive the torque of the impeller, and the gearbox 4 is connected to the generator to provide power torque.

[0057] The main shaft 1 is of a cylindrical structure and includes a shaft body 11, a front flange 12, a front journal 13, a thrust disk 14, a rear journal 15, and a main shaft half coupling 16. Among them, the shaft body 11 is of a cylindrical structure, and its diameter and length meet the design requirements. Its axis is called the main shaft axis 1a. The front flange 12 contacts and connects with the front end of the shaft body 11. The structure and dimensions of the front flange 12 correspond to those of the hub and are used to connect the hub. The front journal 13 is arranged on the outer surface of the shaft body 11, close to the front end of the shaft body 11, and its structure and dimensions meet the design requirements for the bearing journal diameter of large equipment. The thrust disk 14 is arranged on the outer surface of the shaft body 11, close to the rear end of the shaft body 11, and its structure and dimensions meet the design requirements for the thrust disk of the thrust bearing of large equipment. The front and rear end faces of the thrust disk 14 are sliding end faces that cooperate with the thrust bearing. According to the prior art, the front and rear end faces of the thrust disk 14 are perpendicular to the main shaft axis 1a. The rear journal 15 is arranged on the outer surface of the shaft body 11, close to the rear end of the shaft body 11, and its structure and dimensions meet the design requirements for the bearing journal diameter of large equipment. The main shaft half coupling 16 contacts and connects with the rear end of the shaft body 11. The structure and dimensions of the main shaft half coupling 16 correspond to those of the elastic coupling 5, and the main shaft half coupling 16 is used to connect the elastic coupling 5.

[0058] The front bearing 2 includes a front bearing housing 21, a front bearing group 22, and a plurality of front oil seals 23. Among them, the front bearing housing 21 is a support structure and is used to connect the engine room chassis and carry the front bearing group 22 and the front oil seals 23. The inner surface of the front bearing housing 21 that cooperates with the front bearing group 22 is annular or approximately annular, and this inner surface contacts and connects with the front bearing group 22. The front and rear ends of the front bearing housing 21 contact and connect with the front oil seals 23. A connection structure is arranged at the lower end of the front bearing housing 21 and is used to connect with the engine room chassis. The front bearing group 22 is a rolling bearing, and the inner circular structure and dimensions of the front bearing group 22 correspond to those of the front journal 13. The structure and dimensions of the front oil seals 23 correspond to those of the front journal 13 and are used to seal the lubricating oil of the front bearing group 22.

[0059] Optionally, the front bearing group 22 includes a plurality of front sliding bearings 221, which contact and connect with the inner surface of the front bearing housing 21 and surround the inner surface for one week or a partial angular region. The inner structure and dimensions of the front sliding bearings 221 correspond to those of the front journal 13. In other words, the front bearing group 22 can be a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing.

[0060] The rear bearing 3 includes a rear bearing housing 31, a rear bearing set 32, a thrust bearing 33, and a plurality of rear oil seals 34. Among them, the rear bearing housing 31 is a support structure for connecting the engine room chassis and bearing the rear bearing set 32, the thrust bearing 33, the rear oil seals 34, and the gearbox 4. The inner surface of the rear bearing housing 31 that cooperates with the rear bearing set 32 is annular or approximately annular, and this inner surface contacts and connects with the rear bearing set 32. The front end of the rear bearing housing 31 contacts and connects with the thrust bearing 33, and the rear end contacts and connects with the rear oil seals 34. A connecting structure is provided at the lower end of the rear bearing housing 31 for connecting with the engine room chassis. The rear bearing set 32 is a rolling bearing, and the inner circular structure and dimensions of the rear bearing set 32 correspond to the rear shaft diameter 15.

[0061] Optionally, the rear bearing set 32 includes a plurality of rear sliding bearing bushes 321 that contact and connect with the inner surface of the rear bearing housing 31, surrounding the inner surface for one full circle or a partial angular region. The inner circular structure and dimensions of the rear sliding bearing bushes 321 correspond to the rear journal 15. In other words, the rear bearing set 32 can be a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing.

[0062] The thrust bearing 33 is of an annular or sector-shaped structure, including a front-end housing 331, a middle-section housing 332, a rear-end housing 333, and a plurality of thrust bearing sets 334. The front-end housing 331 and the rear-end housing 333 are of annular plate structures, and the middle-section housing 332 is of a cylindrical structure. The front end of the middle-section housing 332 contacts and connects with the rear end face of the front-end housing 331, and the rear end of the middle-section housing 332 contacts and connects with the rear-end housing 333, forming a hollow annular surrounding structure. The region enclosed by the front-end housing 331, the middle-section housing 332, and the rear-end housing 333 is the inner region of the thrust bearing 33, and the surfaces of the front-end housing 331, the middle-section housing 332, and the rear-end housing 333 in this inner region are their respective inner surfaces. This inner region communicates with the outer surface of the main shaft 1 and is used for arranging the thrust bearing sets 334 and accommodating the thrust disk 14. The rear-end housing 333 contacts and connects with the front end of the rear bearing housing 31.

[0063] A plurality of thrust bearing sets 334 are arranged in the inner region of the thrust bearing 33 along the circumferential direction, surrounding the thrust bearing 33 for one full circle or a partial angular region. Among them, a plurality of thrust bearing sets 334 contact and connect with the inner surface of the front-end housing 331, surrounding it for one full circle or a partial angular region. The bearing contact surfaces of the thrust bearing sets 334 face the rear end direction and are used for contacting the front end face of the thrust disk 14. A plurality of thrust bearing sets 334 contact and connect with the rear-end housing 333, surrounding it for one full circle or a partial angular region. The bearing contact surfaces of the thrust bearing sets 334 face the front end direction and are used for contacting the rear end face of the thrust disk 14. The structures and dimensions of the thrust bearing 33 and the thrust bearing sets 331 correspond to the thrust disk 14. The thrust bearing sets 334 can be rolling bearings or sliding bearings.

[0064] Multiple rear oil seals 34 are respectively in contact with and connected to the rear end face of the rear bearing housing 31 and the front end face of the thrust bearing 33 (the front end face of the front housing 331). Their structures and dimensions correspond to those of the rear bearing 3 and the rear journal 15, and are used to seal the lubricating oil of the rear bearing group 32 and the thrust bearing 33.

[0065] The gearbox 4 includes a housing 41 and a low-speed shaft 42. Preferably, the gearbox 4 is a planetary gear transmission system, and the low-speed shaft 42 is the planet carrier of the gearbox 4. It should be noted that the gearbox 4 also includes a high-speed shaft and a gear set, and the housing 41 is a supporting structure for the gear set, the low-speed shaft 42, and the high-speed shaft, which is a well-known technology. The high-speed shaft is the output shaft of the gearbox 4, connects to the generator rotor, and provides rotational power for the generator rotor. Optionally, the high-speed shaft connects to the generator rotor through a coupling, such as a diaphragm coupling, a half coupling, and a gimbal coupling, etc.

[0066] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the low-speed shaft 42 includes a low-speed shaft main shaft 421 and a low-speed shaft half coupling 422. Among them, the rear end of the low-speed shaft main shaft 421 connects to the planet carrier of the gearbox 4. The low-speed shaft half coupling 422 is in contact with and connected to the front end of the low-speed shaft main shaft 421. Its structure and dimensions correspond to those of the elastic coupling 5, and the low-speed shaft half coupling 422 is used to connect the elastic coupling 5. The axis of the low-speed shaft main shaft 421 is the low-speed shaft axis 421a.

[0067] The elastic coupling 5 is a coupling with elasticity, such as a corrugated coupling, a gimbal coupling, a universal coupling, a tire coupling, a diaphragm coupling, and an elastic element flexible coupling. One end of the elastic coupling 5 connects to the rear end of the main shaft 1, and the other end of the elastic coupling 5 connects to the front end of the low-speed shaft 42. The main shaft 1 and the low-speed shaft 42 are coaxially arranged and form an elastic connection through the elastic coupling 5, that is, the elastic coupling 5 can compensate for the axial, radial, and angular displacements of the main shaft 1 and the low-speed shaft 42 caused by vibration, impact, etc.

[0068] The front flange 12 of the main shaft 1 is used to connect to the hub of the fan impeller.

[0069] The front journal 13 of the main shaft 1 is in contact with the front bearing group 22 of the front bearing 2, and they can slide relative to each other in the circumferential and axial directions to support the main shaft 1 and limit the radial displacement of the main shaft 1. Among them, the inner surface of the front sliding bearing bush 221 is in contact with and slides relative to the front journal 13.

[0070] The rear journal 15 is in contact with the rear bearing group 32 of the rear bearing 3, and they can slide relative to each other in the circumferential and axial directions to support the main shaft 1 and limit the radial displacement of the main shaft 1. Among them, the inner surface of the rear sliding bearing bush 321 is in contact with and slides relative to the rear journal 15.

[0071] The thrust disk 14 is in contact with the thrust bearing 33 and can slide relative to each other in the circumferential direction to limit the axial displacement of the main shaft 1. Among them, the thrust disk 14 is arranged in the inner area of the thrust bearing 33, and its front end surface is in contact with and can move relative to the front thrust pad 334, and its rear end surface is in contact with and can move relative to the rear thrust pad 334.

[0072] The housing 41 of the gearbox 4 is in contact with and connected to the rear bearing seat 31, and is not directly connected to the engine room chassis. In other words, the gearbox 4 is a cantilever structure with the fulcrum located at the rear bearing seat 31.

[0073] Optionally, the front bearing 2 and the rear bearing 3 share a bearing seat. In other words, the front bearing seat 21 and the rear bearing seat 31 are an integral structure.

[0074] One end of the rear end of the main shaft 1 is connected to one end of the elastic coupling 5, and the front end of the low-speed shaft 42 is connected to the other end of the elastic coupling 5. Therefore, the main shaft 1 and the low-speed shaft 42 form an elastic connection structure, which can compensate for the axial, radial and angular displacements of the main shaft 1 and the low-speed shaft 42 caused by vibration, impact, etc., making the transmission process smoother and more efficient.

[0075] Second Embodiment

[0076] Different from the above embodiment, in the fan drive system provided by the second embodiment of the present invention, the elastic coupling 5, the main shaft half coupling 16 and the low-speed shaft half coupling 422 have the following characteristics.

[0077] As Figure 5 shown, the elastic coupling 5 includes a base 51, a plurality of spacers 52, a plurality of elastic bodies 53, a top seat 54, a through rod 55 and a plurality of washers 56, and is a laminated structure, and the lamination direction is the axial direction of the elastic coupling 5. The elastic coupling 5 is used to compensate for the axial, radial and angular displacements of the main shaft 1 and the low-speed shaft 42.

[0078] As Figure 6 shown, the base 51 includes a seat plate 511, a central hole 512, a convex ring 513 and a connecting portion 514, and is an integrally formed structure of a rigid material. Among them, the seat plate 511 is a plate-like structure, and a central hole 512 is provided at the geometric center. The axial direction of the central hole 512 is perpendicular to the seat plate 511 and coincides with the axial direction of the elastic coupling 5. The convex ring 513 is a ring-like structure and extends upward from the upper surface of the seat plate 511. The center of the cross-section of the convex ring 513 perpendicular to the axis of the elastic coupling 5 (i.e., the geometric center of the convex ring 513) coincides with or is at a designed distance from the center of the central hole 512. It should be noted that the cross-sectional shape of the convex ring 513 perpendicular to the axis of the elastic coupling 5 includes a circular ring, an elliptical ring, a square ring, a polygonal ring, etc., and only the circular ring shape is taken as an example in the embodiment of the present invention. The depth of the inner surface of the convex ring 513 is d.

[0079] The connecting part 514 is a structure where the elastic coupling 5 connects the main shaft half coupling 16 and the low-speed shaft half coupling 422. Preferably, the connecting part 514 includes a plurality of connecting holes 515 for connecting the main shaft half coupling 16 and the low-speed shaft half coupling 422 by bolts. The axial direction of the connecting holes 515 is parallel to the axial direction of the elastic coupling 5.

[0080] Optionally, the connecting part 514 includes a plurality of slider structures, such as dovetail blocks, V-shaped blocks, and linear guides, etc. The sliding directions of the respective sliders are consistent and perpendicular to the axial direction of the elastic coupling 5. The connecting part 514 can connect the main shaft half coupling 16 and the low-speed shaft half coupling 422 through the chute / slider structure.

[0081] Preferably, the base 51 further includes a counterbore 516. The counterbore 516 is coaxially arranged with the central hole 512 and extends upward from the lower surface of the seat plate 511.

[0082] As Figure 7 shown, the spacer 52 includes a spacer plate 521, a central hole 522, an upper convex ring 523, and a lower convex ring 524, and is an integrally formed structure of a rigid material. Among them, the spacer plate 521 is a plate-like structure, and a central hole 522 is provided at the geometric center. The axial direction of the central hole 522 is perpendicular to the spacer plate 521 and coincides with the axial direction of the elastic coupling 5. The upper convex ring 523 and the lower convex ring 524 are ring-shaped structures, and their structural dimensions are the same as those of the convex ring 513.

[0083] As Figure 8 shown, the elastomer 53 is an annular structure with a central hole 531 and a thickness of h. The cross-sectional shape and size perpendicular to the central hole 531 correspond to the inner surfaces of the convex ring 513, the upper convex ring 523, and the lower convex ring 524. Preferably, the elastomer 53 has the elastomer characteristics required by the design. Preferably, h > 2d.

[0084] The top seat 54 has the same structure as the base 51 and is obtained only by turning the base 51 upside down, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0085] In other words, the elastomer 53 can be disposed in the space formed by the relative arrangement of the convex ring 513, the lower convex ring 524, and the upper convex ring 523 and wrapped. And due to the barrier of the elastomer 53, there is a spacing distance between the adjacent base 51, spacer 52, and top seat 54, and they do not contact.

[0086] The through rod 55 is a rod-shaped structure, and fastening structures 551 are provided at both ends. The diameter dimension of the through rod 55 corresponds to the central holes 512, 522 and 531, and the length dimension corresponds to the axial height of the elastic coupling 5. Preferably, the outer diameter of the through rod 55 is smaller than the inner diameters of the central holes 512 and 522. The fastening structure 551 can rotatably connect the through rod 55 to the base 51. There are various implementation structures for the fastening structure 551, such as nuts, pins and wire pins, etc. In the embodiment of the present invention, a circlip is taken as an example.

[0087] The washer 56 is a flat washer structure. Preferably, the washer 56 has the rigid characteristics required by the design.

[0088] The convex ring 513 of the base 51 is arranged upward. An elastic body 53 is coaxially arranged with the base 51, and the lower surface of the elastic body 53 contacts but is not connected to the bottom surface of the convex ring 513 of the base 51. A spacer 52 is coaxially arranged with the base 51 and the elastic body 53, and the bottom surface of the lower convex ring 524 of the spacer 52 contacts but is not connected to the upper surface of the elastic body 53. Another elastic body 53 is coaxially arranged, and its lower surface contacts but is not connected to the bottom surface of the upper convex ring 523 of the spacer 52. Similarly, a plurality of elastic bodies 53 and one or more spacers 52 are arranged at intervals, contacting each other but not connected. In the embodiment of the present invention, four elastic bodies 53 and three spacers 52 are arranged at intervals as an example. The top seat 54 is coaxially arranged, and the bottom surface of its convex ring contacts but is not connected to the upper surface of the uppermost elastic body 53, and the central holes are coaxially arranged.

[0089] Optionally, the elastic coupling 5 does not include the spacer 52, and the base 51, the elastic body 53 and the top seat 54 are arranged axially in sequence.

[0090] The through rod 55 passes through each central hole, extends downward from the base 51 at one end, and extends upward from the top seat 54 at the other end. Both ends of the through rod 55 contact the base 51 and the top seat 54 through the washer 56 and the fastening structure 551, and can be connected with axial, radial and angular displacements. Among them, the washer 56 is arranged between the fastening structure 551 and the base 51 and the top seat 54. Optionally, the through rod 55 does not directly contact the base 51 and the top seat 54. Optionally, the through rod 55 does not contact the central holes 512 and 522, that is, does not contact the spacer 52.

[0091] It should be noted that since h > 2d, there are expansion joints 58 formed between adjacent bases 51 and spacers 52, between the top base 54 and the spacer 52, and between adjacent spacers 52 instead of direct contact. Due to the existence of the elastomer 53 and the expansion joints 58, the adjacent bases 51, spacers 52 and top base 54 can change their relative axial, radial and angular positions under force and return to the initial position after the force is removed. Therefore, the elastic coupling 5 can have axial, radial and angular displacements, that is, it has elasticity, without changing the spatial positions of the base 51 or the top base 54.

[0092] As Figure 9 shown, the main shaft half coupling 16 includes a plurality of main shaft teeth 161. The plurality of main shaft teeth 161 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the main shaft 1 and are located in the same cross-section perpendicular to the main shaft axis 1a. Two opposite surfaces of the main shaft teeth 161 distributed along the circumferential direction of the main shaft 1 are called the main shaft tooth waist surfaces 161a, which are not parallel to each other, and the bisecting plane of the dihedral angle is coplanar with the main shaft axis 1a. And, the imaginary intersection line 161a' of the two main shaft tooth waist surfaces 161a is arranged between the main shaft tooth 161 and the main shaft axis 1a. In other words, for the two main shaft tooth waist surfaces 161a of the same main shaft tooth 161, the imaginary intersection direction points to the main shaft axis 1a.

[0093] Preferably, the projection of the main shaft tooth 161 along the main shaft axis 1a direction is trapezoidal, the plane corresponding to the bottom edge of the trapezoid is integrally connected to the main shaft 1, the plane corresponding to the top edge of the trapezoid points to the main shaft axis 1a, and the plane corresponding to the waist edge of the trapezoid is the main shaft tooth waist surface 161a. More preferably, the projection of the main shaft tooth 161 along the main shaft axis 1a direction is an isosceles trapezoid.

[0094] As Figure 4 and Figure 10 shown, the low-speed shaft half coupling 422 includes a plurality of low-speed shaft teeth 423. The plurality of low-speed shaft teeth 423 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the low-speed shaft main shaft 421 and are located in the same cross-section perpendicular to the low-speed shaft axis 421a. Two opposite surfaces of the low-speed shaft teeth 423 distributed along the circumferential direction of the low-speed shaft main shaft 421 are called the low-speed shaft tooth waist surfaces 423a, which are not parallel to each other, and the bisecting plane of the dihedral angle is coplanar with the low-speed shaft axis 421a. And, the imaginary intersection line 423a' of the two low-speed shaft tooth waist surfaces 423a is arranged between the low-speed shaft tooth 423 and the low-speed shaft axis 421a. In other words, for the two low-speed shaft tooth waist surfaces 423a of the same low-speed shaft tooth 423, the imaginary intersection direction points to the main shaft axis 1a.

[0095] Preferably, the projection of the low-speed shaft gear 423 along the direction of the low-speed shaft axis 421a is trapezoidal. The plane corresponding to the bottom edge of the trapezoid corresponds to the inner surface of the main shaft half coupling 16. The plane corresponding to the top edge of the trapezoid points to the low-speed shaft axis 421a. The plane corresponding to the waist edge of the trapezoid is the waist surface 423a of the low-speed shaft gear. The rear end surface of the low-speed shaft gear 423 is integrally connected to the low-speed shaft main shaft 421. More preferably, the projection of the low-speed shaft gear 423 along the direction of the low-speed shaft axis 421a is an isosceles trapezoid.

[0096] The number of the main shaft gears 161 and the low-speed shaft gears 423 is equal. The main shaft 1 and the low-speed shaft 42 are coaxially arranged, with the main shaft 1 at the front end and the low-speed shaft 42 at the rear end, that is, the main shaft axis 1a and the low-speed shaft axis 421a are collinear.

[0097] As Figure 11 shown, the main shaft half coupling 16 and the low-speed shaft half coupling 422 are in a plug-in structure. The main shaft gears 161 and the low-speed shaft gears 423 are arranged at intervals in the same cross-section perpendicular to the main shaft axis 1a and the low-speed shaft axis 421a, and are arranged at equal intervals. Moreover, any pair of opposite main shaft gear waist surfaces 161a and low-speed shaft gear waist surfaces 423a are designed to be parallel to each other. In other words, the mid-plane 1a' of any pair of opposite main shaft gear waist surfaces 161a and low-speed shaft gear waist surfaces 423a is coplanar with the main shaft axis 1a and the low-speed shaft axis 421a.

[0098] As Figure 3 shown, an elastic coupling 5 is provided between any pair of opposite main shaft gear waist surfaces 161a and low-speed shaft gear waist surfaces 423a. One end (the base 51 or the top seat 54) of the elastic coupling 5 is in contact with and connected to the main shaft gear 161, and the other end (the base 51 or the top seat 54) of the elastic coupling 5 is in contact with and connected to the low-speed shaft gear 423. Optionally, the connection methods of the elastic coupling 5 with the main shaft gear 161 and the low-speed shaft gear 423 include bolt fastening, pin fastening, and chute fastening, etc. Preferably, the axes of a plurality of elastic couplings 5 are arranged in the same cross-section perpendicular to the main shaft axis 1a.

[0099] Since the elastic coupling 5 is an elastic structure and can have axial, radial, and angular displacements. Therefore, the main shaft 1 and the low-speed shaft 42 connected by the elastic coupling 5 are an elastic connection structure, which can compensate for the axial, radial, and angular displacements of the main shaft 1 and the low-speed shaft 42 caused by vibration, impact, etc. Therefore, the elastic coupling 5 enables the transmission system of the wind turbine to smoothly transmit torque, protects the gear transmission system of the gearbox 4 from being damaged by the bending moment causing skewed force, and enables the generator to operate stably.

[0100] The third embodiment

[0101] Different from the above embodiments, a wind turbine generator set provided by the third embodiment of the present invention includes the above-mentioned front-integrated fan drive system, impeller hub, high-speed shaft of the gearbox, and generator. Among them, the front end of the fan drive system is connected to the impeller hub, the rear end is connected to the high-speed shaft of the gearbox, and the other end of the high-speed shaft of the gearbox is connected to the rotor of the generator. The torque of the impeller hub can be transmitted to the generator rotor through the fan drive system to generate electric energy.

[0102] In summary, for a front-integrated fan drive system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox is rigidly connected to the nacelle chassis through a rear bearing, and the low-speed shaft is elastically connected to the main shaft, forming an outer-rigid and inner-elastic structure. The gearbox is connected to the rear bearing and does not directly contact the nacelle chassis, thus forming a front-integrated structure. The main shaft is connected to the nacelle chassis through a front bearing group and a rear bearing group, thus forming a fan drive system. That is, an outer-rigid and inner-elastic front-integrated fan drive system. Therefore, this fan drive system has the following advantages:

[0103] 1. High-reliability design: The outer-rigid and inner-elastic drive system (front-integrated) can smoothly transmit torque due to the addition of an elastic coupling in the middle, solving problems such as impact on the gearbox, wear of internal bearings and teeth, and reduced service life caused by misalignment between the main shaft and the gearbox shaft.

[0104] 2. Low-cost design: Currently, the wind power host market is highly competitive, prices are continuously declining, and the profit margin of the host is small. It is necessary to reduce costs through technological innovation. The outer-rigid and inner-elastic drive system uses an outer-rigid and inner-elastic shaft system composed of bearings + elastic couplings, with strong load-bearing capacity, good maintainability, and low cost. Replacing individual components does not require large equipment, reducing manufacturing costs, operation and maintenance costs, and operation and maintenance risks at the same time.

[0105] 3. Manufacturing-friendly design: Since the outer-rigid and inner-elastic drive system has no torque arm, it reduces the width space limitation, increases the nacelle passage space, and is friendly to the overall layout of the nacelle. The main shafts of multiple elastic couplings are arranged in a cross-section perpendicular to the main shaft, shortening the axial space occupation. The axial length of the entire drive system is short, and the center of gravity of the wind turbine generator set is closer to the center of the tower barrel, improving the support effect of the tower barrel.

[0106] It should be noted that the above-mentioned multiple embodiments are only examples. The technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined and are all within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the term "formed" as used in the present invention means that it can be obtained by one of a variety of processes and is not limited to the processes listed in the embodiments.

[0107] The orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0108] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0109] The above has provided a detailed description of a front-integrated fan drive system and a wind turbine generator set provided by the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, any obvious changes made without departing from the essence of the present invention will constitute an infringement of the patent right of the present invention and will bear corresponding legal responsibilities.

Claims

1. A front integrated fan drive system, characterized in that It includes a main shaft, a rear bearing, a gear box and an elastic coupling; wherein, The rear bearing is in contact with the main shaft and can slide relative to each other in the circumferential direction, so as to support the main shaft and limit the displacement of the main shaft in the radial direction; The gearbox comprises a housing and a low-speed shaft; the rear bearing contacts and is connected to the housing to support the gearbox; the low-speed shaft and the main shaft are coaxially arranged; The elastic coupling is an elastic coupling; one end of the elastic coupling is connected to the rear end of the main shaft, and the other end of the elastic coupling is connected to the front end of the low-speed shaft.

2. The fan transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that The main shaft comprises a shaft body, a rear journal and a main shaft half coupling; wherein, The shaft body is a cylindrical structure, and its diameter and length meet the design requirements; The rear journal is arranged on the outer surface of the shaft body, close to the rear end of the shaft body, and its structure and size meet the design requirements for the shaft diameter of the bearing of large equipment; The main shaft half coupling is in contact with and connected to the rear end of the shaft body, and its structure and size correspond to those of the elastic coupling.

3. The fan transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that The rear bearing comprises a rear bearing seat and a rear bearing group; wherein, The rear bearing seat is a supporting structure; the inner surface of the rear bearing seat is in contact with and connected to the rear bearing assembly; a connecting structure is provided at the lower end of the rear bearing seat for connecting to the cabin chassis; The rear bearing group is in contact with the rear axle diameter and can slide with each other.

4. The fan transmission system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main shaft also includes a thrust plate; the thrust plate is arranged on the outer surface of the shaft body, close to the rear end of the shaft body, and the structure and size meet the design requirements for the thrust plate of the thrust bearing of large equipment; The rear bearing also includes a thrust bearing; the thrust bearing is in contact with and connected to the front end of the rear bearing seat; the thrust plate and the thrust bearing are in contact and can slide in a circumferential direction with each other to limit the axial displacement of the main shaft.

5. The fan transmission system according to claim 4, characterized in that The thrust bearing comprises a front end housing, a middle section housing, a rear end housing and a thrust bearing assembly; wherein, The front end shell and the rear end shell are plate structures, and the middle section shell is a cylindrical structure. The front end of the middle section shell contacts and is connected to the rear end surface of the front end shell, and the rear end of the middle section shell contacts and is connected to the rear end shell, forming a hollow surrounding structure; The thrust plate is arranged in the inner area of ​​the thrust bearing, the front end surface contacts and slides with the thrust bearing group at the front end, and the rear end surface contacts and slides with the thrust bearing group at the rear end.

6. The fan transmission system according to claim 5, characterized in that Also includes a front bearing; wherein, The front bearing comprises a front bearing seat and a front bearing group; the front bearing seat is a supporting structure; the inner surface of the front bearing seat is in contact with and connected to the front bearing group; the lower end of the front bearing seat is provided with a connecting structure for connecting to the cabin chassis; The main shaft also includes a front shaft diameter; the front shaft journal is arranged on the outer surface of the shaft body, close to the front end of the shaft body, and the structure and size meet the design requirements of the shaft diameter of the bearing of large equipment; The front bearing group is in contact with the front shaft diameter and can slide with each other.

7. The fan transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that The low-speed shaft includes a low-speed shaft main shaft and a low-speed shaft half coupling; wherein, The rear end of the low-speed shaft main shaft is connected to the planetary carrier of the gear box; the low-speed shaft half coupling is in contact with and connected to the front end of the low-speed shaft main shaft, and its structure and size correspond to those of the elastic coupling.

8. The fan transmission system according to claim 7, characterized in that The low-speed shaft half coupling comprises a plurality of low-speed shaft teeth; wherein, The plurality of low-speed shaft teeth are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the low-speed shaft main shaft and are located in the same cross section perpendicular to the low-speed shaft axis; The spindle half coupling comprises a plurality of spindle teeth, the plurality of spindle teeth being evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the spindle and being located in the same cross section perpendicular to the axis of the spindle; The main shaft teeth and the low-speed shaft teeth are equal in number, arranged at intervals and at equal intervals in the same cross section perpendicular to the main shaft axis.

9. The fan transmission system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Any pair of opposite main shaft tooth waist surfaces of the main shaft teeth and the low-speed shaft tooth waist surfaces of the low-speed shaft teeth are parallel to each other, and the center plane of the main shaft tooth waist surfaces and the low-speed shaft tooth waist surfaces is coplanar with the main shaft axis and the low-speed shaft axis; The elastic coupling is arranged between any pair of opposite main shaft tooth waist surfaces and low-speed shaft tooth waist surfaces; one end of the elastic coupling is in contact with and connected to the main shaft teeth, and the other end is in contact with and connected to the low-speed shaft teeth; the axes of the multiple elastic couplings are arranged in the same cross-section perpendicular to the main shaft axis.

10. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that It includes a front-integrated wind turbine transmission system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, as well as an impeller hub, a gearbox high-speed shaft and a generator; wherein, The front end of the fan transmission system is connected to the impeller hub; the rear end of the fan transmission system is connected to the gear box high-speed shaft; the other end of the gear box high-speed shaft is connected to the rotor of the generator.

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