Online monitoring method for centering of main shaft of wind driven generator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a wind driven generator spindle centering online monitoring method which comprises the following steps: S1, mounting a three-axis acceleration sensor in a wind driven generator, and recording received data transmitted by the three-axis acceleration sensor when the rotating speed omega of a spindle of the wind driven generator is equal to omega0; and S2, extracting a three-axis acceleration sensor 2 # mounted on the bearing seat of the main shaft of the wind driven generator to obtain an acceleration # imgabs0 #, extracting a three-axis acceleration sensor 1 # mounted on the bearing seat of the main shaft of the gear box to obtain an acceleration # imgabs1 #, and calculating to obtain a relative acceleration # imgabs4 # of the main shaft of the generator relative to the bearing seat of the gear box according to the acceleration # imgabs2 # and the acceleration # imgabs3 #. The monitoring method has the problems that in the aspect of real-time performance, the problems cannot be found in time, centering deviation cannot be responded, and the stability and reliability of the wind driven generator are easily affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly to an on-line monitoring method for the alignment of a wind turbine main shaft. Background Art

[0002] With the transformation of the global energy structure and the continuous growth of the demand for renewable energy, the wind power generation industry has shown a rapid development trend in recent years. According to the report of the International Energy Agency (IEA), the newly installed wind power capacity globally reached 93 GW in 2020, and the cumulative installed capacity reached 743 GW, becoming one of the fastest-growing forms of renewable energy. However, the efficient and stable operation of wind turbines is the key to achieving this growth. Among them, the problem of main shaft alignment is particularly crucial. Poor main shaft alignment will lead to increased mechanical wear, reduced power generation efficiency, and even cause safety accidents. Therefore, accurately monitoring the alignment state of the wind turbine main shaft to ensure its operation in the best state is crucial for improving the performance and reliability of the entire wind power generation industry.

[0003] However, the existing detection methods for wind turbine main shafts still have deficiencies, specifically: the existing monitoring methods have problems in real-time performance, such as being unable to detect in time, unable to respond to alignment deviations, and easily affecting the stability and reliability of wind turbines.

[0004] Therefore, an on-line monitoring method for the alignment of a wind turbine main shaft is needed to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an on-line monitoring method for the alignment of a wind turbine main shaft to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An on-line monitoring method for the alignment of a wind turbine main shaft, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, Install a triaxial acceleration sensor inside the wind turbine. When the rotational speed Ω of the wind turbine main shaft is Ω 0 , record the data transmitted by the triaxial acceleration sensor received.

[0009] S2, Extract the acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 2# installed on the bearing seat of the wind turbine main shaft and the acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 1# installed on the bearing seat of the gearbox main shaft According to the acceleration and the acceleration and the acceleration calculate and obtain the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft relative to the bearing seat of the gearbox Based on the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft with respect to the bearing housing of the gearbox Further calculation is performed to obtain the relative velocity of the bearing housing of the wind turbine main shaft and the relative displacement

[0010]

[0011] S3. Extract the acceleration data obtained by the three-axis acceleration sensor 2# installed on the bearing housing of the wind turbine main shaft and the acceleration obtained by the three-axis acceleration sensor 3# installed on the nacelle base of the wind turbine Based on the acceleration and the acceleration Calculate the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft with respect to the bearing housing of the gearbox Then, based on the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft with respect to the bearing housing of the gearbox, further calculate the relative velocity of the bearing housing of the wind turbine main shaft and the relative displacement

[0012] S4. Extract the acceleration obtained by the three-axis acceleration sensor 1# installed on the bearing housing of the gearbox main shaft and the acceleration obtained by the three-axis acceleration sensor 3# installed on the nacelle base of the wind turbine Based on the acceleration and the acceleration Calculate the relative acceleration of the gearbox main shaft with respect to the nacelle base of the wind turbine Then, based on the relative acceleration of the gearbox main shaft with respect to the nacelle base of the wind turbine Obtain the relative velocity of the bearing housing of the wind turbine main shaft and the relative displacement

[0013] S5. Construct a model of the rotation space, rotational speed of the wind turbine main shaft, and relative displacement of the main shaft with respect to the gearbox main shaft, to obtain the relative displacement s of the wind turbine main shaft 12 and the main shaft rotational speed Ω 0 and the rotation angle of the main shaft the relationship in space, and perform fitting on the obtained relative displacement s of the wind turbine main shaft 12 to obtain the spatial trajectory Δε(Δx, Δy, Δz, t) of the displacement change of the main shaft of the wind turbine unit

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S1, three triaxial acceleration sensors are provided. The triaxial acceleration sensor #2 is installed on the main shaft bearing of the gearbox, the triaxial acceleration sensor #1 is installed on the main shaft bearing of the wind turbine connected to the coupling, and the triaxial acceleration sensor #3 is installed on the nacelle base, thereby constituting a measurement model for the relative acceleration, relative velocity, and relative displacement among the coupling, the main shaft of the generator, and the nacelle base.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the relative acceleration of the main shaft of the generator with respect to the bearing housing of the gearbox The expression is

[0016]

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the relative velocity of the main shaft bearing housing of the wind turbine The expression is The relative displacement of the main shaft bearing housing of the wind turbine The expression is

[0018]

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S3, the relative acceleration of the main shaft of the generator with respect to the bearing housing of the gearbox The expression is

[0020]

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S3, the relative velocity of the main shaft bearing housing of the wind turbine The expression is The relative displacement of the main shaft bearing housing of the wind turbine The expression is

[0022]

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S4, the relative acceleration of the main shaft of the gearbox with respect to the nacelle base of the wind turbine The calculation formula is

[0024]

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S4, the relative velocity of the main shaft bearing housing of the wind turbine The calculation formula is The relative displacement of the main shaft bearing housing of the wind turbine The calculation formula is

[0026]

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the relative displacement s of the S5 wind turbine main shaft 12 and the main shaft rotational speed Ω 0 and the rotation angle of the main shaft The expression relationship in space is

[0028]

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. In the present invention, by installing the triaxial acceleration sensor inside the wind turbine, when the main shaft rotational speed Ω of the wind turbine is Ω 0 , record the data transmitted by the triaxial acceleration sensor received. Calculate the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft relative to the bearing seat of the gearbox according to the acceleration data obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 2# and the triaxial acceleration sensor 1#. Further calculate the relative velocity and relative displacement of the wind turbine main shaft bearing seat by using the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft relative to the bearing seat of the gearbox. Then, calculate the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft relative to the bearing seat of the gearbox according to the acceleration data obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 2# and the triaxial acceleration sensor 3#. Further calculate the relative velocity and relative displacement of the wind turbine main shaft bearing seat by using the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft relative to the bearing seat of the gearbox. Extract the accelerations obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 1# installed on the bearing seat of the gearbox main shaft and the triaxial acceleration sensor 3# installed on the wind turbine nacelle base, calculate the relative acceleration of the gearbox main shaft relative to the wind turbine nacelle base, and then obtain the relative velocity and relative displacement of the wind turbine main shaft bearing seat according to the relative acceleration of the gearbox main shaft relative to the wind turbine nacelle base. Construct a model of the rotation space, rotational speed of the wind turbine main shaft and the relative displacement of the main shaft relative to the gearbox main shaft, obtain the relationship between the relative displacement of the wind turbine main shaft and the rotational speed of the main shaft and the rotation angle space of the main shaft, and fit the obtained relative displacement of the wind turbine main shaft to obtain the spatial trajectory of the displacement change of the main shaft of the wind turbine generator set. The speed and displacement change trajectory of the main shaft of the wind turbine generator set can be accurately measured, and at the same time, the influence of nacelle vibration is excluded. Therefore, it has high sensitivity, accurate spatial positioning and good real-time performance, and solves the problems that the existing monitoring methods cannot be discovered in time, cannot respond to the misalignment deviation, and are likely to affect the stability and reliability of the wind turbine in terms of real-time performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the triaxial acceleration sensor of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a radial front sectional view of the generator main shaft of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0033] Next, in combination with the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are given. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0036] For the embodiments, please refer to Figure 1-2 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0037] An on-line monitoring method for the alignment of the main shaft of a wind turbine, comprising the following steps;

[0038] S1. Install a triaxial acceleration sensor inside the wind turbine. When the rotational speed Ω of the main shaft of the wind turbine is Ω = Ω 0 , record the data transmitted by the triaxial acceleration sensor received.

[0039] S2. Extract the acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 2# installed on the bearing seat of the main shaft of the wind turbine and the acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 1# installed on the bearing seat of the main shaft of the gearbox According to the acceleration and the acceleration calculate to obtain the relative acceleration of the main shaft of the generator with respect to the bearing seat of the gearbox Based on the relative acceleration of the main shaft of the generator with respect to the bearing seat of the gearbox further calculate to obtain the relative speed of the bearing seat of the main shaft of the wind turbine and the relative displacement

[0040]

[0041] S3. Extract the acceleration data obtained by the three-axis acceleration sensor 2# installed on the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine and the acceleration obtained by the three-axis acceleration sensor 3# installed on the nacelle base of the wind turbine According to the acceleration and the acceleration Calculate the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft with respect to the bearing seat of the gearbox Then, further calculate the relative velocity of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine based on the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft with respect to the bearing seat of the gearbox and the relative displacement

[0042] S4. Extract the acceleration obtained by the three-axis acceleration sensor 1# installed on the main shaft bearing seat of the gearbox and the acceleration obtained by the three-axis acceleration sensor 3# installed on the nacelle base of the wind turbine According to the acceleration and the acceleration Calculate the relative acceleration of the gearbox main shaft with respect to the nacelle base of the wind turbine Then, based on the relative acceleration of the gearbox main shaft with respect to the nacelle base of the wind turbine Obtain the relative velocity of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine and the relative displacement

[0043] S5. Construct a model of the rotation space, rotational speed of the main shaft of the wind turbine, and relative displacement of the main shaft with respect to the gearbox main shaft, to obtain the relative displacement s of the main shaft of the wind turbine 12 and the main shaft rotational speed Ω 0 and the rotation angle of the main shaft in the space, and fit the obtained relative displacement s of the main shaft of the wind turbine 12 to obtain the spatial trajectory Δε(Δx, Δy, Δz, t) of the displacement change of the main shaft of the wind turbine unit.

[0044] Furthermore, in S1, three sets of three-axis acceleration sensors are provided. The three-axis acceleration sensor 2# is installed on the main shaft bearing of the gearbox, the three-axis acceleration sensor 1# is installed on the main shaft bearing of the wind turbine connected to the coupling, and the three-axis acceleration sensor 3# is installed on the nacelle base, thereby constituting a measurement model of the relative acceleration, relative velocity, and relative displacement among the coupling, the generator main shaft, and the nacelle base of the generator.

[0045] Furthermore, in S2, the expression of the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft with respect to the bearing seat of the gearbox is

[0046]

[0047] Further, the relative velocity of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine in S2 The expression is The relative displacement of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine The expression is

[0048]

[0049] Further, the relative acceleration of the main shaft of the generator with respect to the bearing seat of the gearbox in S3 The expression is

[0050]

[0051] Further, the relative velocity of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine in S3 The expression is The relative displacement of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine The expression is

[0052]

[0053] Further, the relative acceleration of the main shaft of the gearbox with respect to the wind turbine nacelle base in S4 The calculation formula is

[0054]

[0055] Further, the relative velocity of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine in S4 The calculation formula is The relative displacement of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine The calculation formula is

[0056]

[0057] Further, the relative displacement s of the main shaft of the wind turbine in S5 12 And the main shaft rotational speed Ω 0 And the rotation angle of the main shaft The expression relationship in space is

[0058] Specific implementation case:

[0059] Install the three-axis acceleration sensor 2# on the main shaft bearing of the gearbox, then install the three-axis acceleration sensor 1# on the main shaft bearing of the wind turbine connected to the shaft coupling, and then install the three-axis acceleration sensor 3# on the nacelle base, thus forming a measurement model of the relative acceleration, relative velocity and relative displacement among the shaft coupling, the main shaft of the generator and the nacelle base of the generator. When the rotational speed Ω of the main shaft of the wind turbine is Ω0 When, record the data transmitted by the received triaxial acceleration sensor;

[0060] Extract the acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 2# installed on the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine and the acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 1# installed on the main shaft bearing seat of the gearbox According to the acceleration and the acceleration Calculate and obtain the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft with respect to the bearing seat of the gearbox Based on the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft with respect to the bearing seat of the gearbox Further calculate to obtain the relative speed of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine and the relative displacement of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine

[0061]

[0062] Extract the acceleration data obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 2# installed on the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine and the acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 3# installed on the nacelle base of the wind turbine According to the acceleration and the acceleration Calculate to obtain the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft with respect to the bearing seat of the gearbox Based on the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft with respect to the bearing seat of the gearbox, further calculate to obtain the relative speed of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine and the relative displacement of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine

[0063] Extract the acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 1# installed on the main shaft bearing seat of the gearbox and the acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 3# installed on the nacelle base of the wind turbine According to the acceleration and the acceleration Calculate to obtain the relative acceleration of the gearbox main shaft with respect to the nacelle base of the wind turbine Based on the relative acceleration of the gearbox main shaft with respect to the nacelle base of the wind turbine Obtain the relative speed of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine and the relative displacement of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine

[0064] Construct a model of the rotation space, rotational speed of the main shaft of the wind turbine and the relative displacement of the main shaft with respect to the main shaft of the gearbox, and obtain the relative displacement s of the main shaft of the wind turbine 12 and the main shaft rotational speed Ω0 and the rotation angle of the main shaft The relationship in space, and the expression formula is and the relative displacement s of the main shaft of the wind turbine is obtained 12 is fitted to obtain the spatial trajectory Δε(Δx, Δy, Δz, t) of the displacement change of the main shaft of the wind turbine unit.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for online monitoring of the main shaft alignment of a wind turbine generator, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, install the triaxial acceleration sensor inside the wind turbine, and when the main shaft speed of the wind turbine is Ω=Ω0, record the data transmitted by the triaxial acceleration sensor; S2, extract the acceleration of the triaxial acceleration sensor 2# installed on the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine The acceleration is obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 1# installed on the main shaft bearing seat of the gearbox According to the acceleration and acceleration Calculate the relative acceleration of the generator shaft relative to the bearing seat of the gearbox According to the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft and the bearing seat of the gearbox Further calculation to obtain the relative speed of the wind turbine main shaft bearing seat and relative displacement S3, extract the acceleration data obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 2# installed on the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine The acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 3# installed on the base of the wind turbine nacelle According to the acceleration and acceleration Calculate the relative acceleration of the generator main shaft relative to the bearing seat of the gearbox The relative speed of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine generator is further calculated based on the relative acceleration of the main shaft of the generator relative to the bearing seat of the gearbox. and relative displacement S4, extract the acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 1# installed on the main shaft bearing seat of the gearbox The acceleration obtained by the triaxial acceleration sensor 3# installed on the base of the wind turbine nacelle According to the acceleration and acceleration Calculate the relative acceleration of the gearbox main shaft relative to the wind turbine nacelle base Then according to the relative acceleration of the gearbox main shaft relative to the wind turbine nacelle base Obtain the relative speed of the wind turbine main shaft bearing seat and relative displacement S5, construct a model of the rotation space, speed and relative displacement of the wind turbine main shaft relative to the gearbox main shaft, and obtain the relative displacement s of the wind turbine main shaft 12 and the spindle speed Ω0 and the spindle angle The relationship between the two spaces is used to obtain the relative displacement s of the main shaft of the wind turbine. 12 The fitting is performed to obtain the spatial trajectory of the wind turbine main shaft displacement change Δε(Δx, Δy, Δz, t).

2. The method for online monitoring of the main shaft alignment of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three groups of three-axis acceleration sensors in S1, three-axis acceleration sensor 2# is installed on the main shaft bearing of the gearbox, three-axis acceleration sensor 1# is installed on the main shaft bearing of the wind turbine connected to the shaft connector, and three-axis acceleration sensor 3# is installed on the cabin base, thereby forming a measurement model of relative acceleration, relative speed and relative displacement among the coupling, the generator main shaft and the generator cabin base.

3. The method for online monitoring of the main shaft alignment of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative acceleration of the generator main shaft relative to the bearing seat of the gearbox in S2 The expression is 4. The method for online monitoring of the main shaft alignment of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative speed of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine in S2 The expression is Relative displacement of wind turbine main shaft bearing seat The expression is 5. The method for online monitoring of the main shaft alignment of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative acceleration of the generator main shaft relative to the bearing seat of the gearbox in S3 The expression is 6. The method for online monitoring of the main shaft alignment of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative speed of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine in S3 The expression is Relative displacement of wind turbine main shaft bearing seat The expression is 7. The method for online monitoring of the main shaft alignment of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative acceleration of the gearbox main shaft relative to the wind turbine nacelle base in S4 The calculation formula is 8. The method for online monitoring of the main shaft alignment of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative speed of the main shaft bearing seat of the wind turbine in S4 The calculation formula is Relative displacement of wind turbine main shaft bearing seat The calculation formula is 9. The method for online monitoring of the main shaft alignment of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative displacement s of the main shaft of the wind turbine generator 12 and the spindle speed Ω0 and the spindle angle The spatial expression is

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