An anti-icing and de-icing device for a wind turbine blade

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wind turbine generators, and discloses an anti-icing and deicing device for wind turbine generator blades, which comprises a fan blade, elastic outer membranes arranged on the upper and lower sides of the fan blade, a plurality of the elastic outer membranes arranged along the length direction of the fan blade and forming a plurality of deicing units, and fixing strips arranged between two adjacent elastic outer membranes and used for fixing the elastic outer membranes on the surface of the fan blade; the device further comprises a first positioning rod, a driving assembly and a linkage assembly, the fan blade is provided with a second positioning groove on the leeward surface of the fan blade and used for accommodating the elastic outer membranes, the driving assembly can drive the linkage assembly to lock the end of the elastic outer membrane in the second positioning groove, and the driving assembly can drive the linkage assembly to unlock the elastic outer membrane; the application can reduce the energy consumption of deicing and improve the deicing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of wind turbine units, and in particular to an anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades. Background Technology

[0002] Wind power is widely used as an environmentally friendly energy source, and wind power facilities are often installed in sparsely populated desert areas or marine regions. Although these areas have abundant wind resources, they are often cold climates. In such environments, the blades of wind turbines, due to their high installation position and continuous exposure to wind force, are prone to icing, which can affect the normal operation of the turbine and reduce power generation efficiency. Although existing technologies have been developed to prevent blade icing, their effectiveness is not entirely satisfactory.

[0003] A common anti-icing technology involves heating the entire blade by blowing hot air into its interior. Chinese utility model patent CN220101438U describes a method where hot air generated by a blower and heater is delivered to the inside of the blower blades via a hot air duct, thereby achieving the effect of heating and de-icing.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, since wind turbine blades are long and have large internal spaces, de-icing is achieved by filling the entire blade cavity with hot air. This requires a large amount of hot air to effectively de-ic, resulting in high energy consumption and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the energy consumption of de-icing and improve the de-icing efficiency, this application provides an anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades.

[0006] This application provides an anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades includes a wind turbine blade and an elastic outer membrane covering the surface of the wind turbine blade. The elastic outer membrane is respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the wind turbine blade. The elastic outer membrane forms an air inlet between the windward end and the surface of the wind turbine blade, and the elastic outer membrane forms an air outlet between the leeward end and the surface of the wind turbine blade. Multiple elastic outer membranes are disposed along the length of the wind turbine blade to form multiple de-icing units. A fixing strip is disposed between two adjacent elastic outer membranes to fix the elastic outer membrane to the surface of the wind turbine blade.

[0008] It also includes a first positioning rod, which is configured to correspond one-to-one with the elastic outer membrane. The end of the elastic outer membrane located on the windward side is fixed to the first positioning rod, and a first positioning groove for engaging the first positioning rod is provided on the windward side of the fan blade.

[0009] It also includes a drive component that can drive the first positioning rod to move away from the first positioning groove or to move towards the insertion into the first positioning groove;

[0010] It also includes a linkage component, wherein the wind turbine blades have a second positioning groove on the leeward side for accommodating the elastic outer membrane. When the first positioning rod is inserted into the first positioning groove, the drive component can drive the linkage component to lock the end of the elastic outer membrane in the second positioning groove. When the drive component moves away from the first positioning groove, the drive component can drive the linkage component to unlock the elastic outer membrane.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive component can drive the first positioning rod to slide away from the first positioning groove and slide out of the first positioning groove. At this time, the elastic outer membrane is located between the windward end and the surface of the fan blade to form an air inlet. The wind at high altitude can enter between the elastic outer membrane and the fan blade through the air inlet, causing the elastic outer membrane to deform and expand. The ice layer attached to the surface of the elastic outer membrane will break due to stress and be blown off by the wind. At the same time, the linkage component can unlock the end of the elastic outer membrane located on the leeward side. When the wind enters the elastic outer membrane, it can be discharged from the air outlet on the leeward side. In this way, the de-icing effect can be achieved, and at the same time, the energy consumption is low and the efficiency is high.

[0012] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a first rod disposed in the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade, and a second rod disposed at both ends of the first rod, the end of the second rod away from the first rod being connected to the end of the first positioning rod; within the same de-icing unit, two sets of the first rod, the second rod, and the first positioning rod are arranged in parallel corresponding to the two elastic outer membranes; the drive assembly also includes a third rod disposed between the two first rods, a threaded rod rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade, and a power component for driving the threaded rod to rotate; a sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the wind turbine blade for the second rod to slide, the sliding groove is connected to the first positioning groove, and the threaded rod passes through the third rod and is threadedly connected to the third rod.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, rotating the threaded rod can drive the third rod to move, and through the transmission of the first rod and the second rod, it can simultaneously drive the two first positioning rods to slide, thereby controlling the opening or closing of the air inlet.

[0014] Optionally, the power component includes a motor, a sprocket, and a chain. The sprocket is coaxially disposed at the end of the threaded rod away from the first positioning rod. The chain is wrapped around two adjacent sprockets, and a set of sprockets and chains is disposed between each two adjacent threaded rods. The motor is disposed in the inner cavity of the fan blade, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to one of the threaded rods.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the motor drives multiple threaded rods to rotate synchronously through the chain, thereby realizing the synchronous operation of multiple de-icing units.

[0016] Optionally, the linkage assembly includes a take-up roller rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade, a take-up rope connected between the side wall of the take-up roller and the elastic outer membrane, a reset member that continuously drives the take-up roller to rotate and take up the take-up rope, and a linkage rope connected between the side wall of the take-up roller and the first rod. The wind turbine blade is provided with a through hole for the take-up rope to pass through, and the through hole is connected to the second positioning groove.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when de-icing is performed, the drive component drives the first positioning rod to slide out of the first positioning groove. At the same time, the winding roller is rotated by the linkage rope, and a section of the winding rope is released, so that the air outlet can be blown open by the wind and the wind can be discharged from the air outlet.

[0018] Optionally, the reset element is a coil spring, and a receiving box for accommodating the coil spring is provided inside the fan blade. One end of the coil spring is connected to the side wall of the take-up roller, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the receiving box.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the coil spring provides the driving force for the winding roller to reset, so that it can rotate and reset when the air inlet is closed, thereby driving the end of the elastic outer membrane to be drawn into the second positioning groove through the winding rope.

[0020] Optionally, a ventilation system is also included, comprising a main ventilation pipe, a secondary ventilation pipe, and a blower. One end of the main ventilation pipe is connected to the blower, and the other end extends along the length of the blower blades into the inner cavity of the blower blades. One end of the secondary ventilation pipe is connected to the main ventilation pipe, and the other end is connected to the second rod. The first positioning rod has a plurality of ventilation holes spaced apart on the side facing the elastic outer membrane, and there is a gap between the outer wall of the first positioning rod facing the elastic outer membrane and the side wall of the first positioning groove. The secondary ventilation pipe is connected to the ventilation holes.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the ventilation system can extract the cold air remaining on the surface of the elastic outer membrane and the fan blades after sealing the air inlet and outlet of the elastic outer membrane, reducing the possibility of ice formation on the surface of the elastic outer membrane and the fan blades, and making the elastic outer membrane and the surface of the fan blades fit more tightly.

[0022] Optionally, the ventilation duct is a flexible hose.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the hose has good flexibility and adaptability, and can bend as the second rod moves.

[0024] Optionally, the ventilation system further includes a heater connected between the blower and the main ventilation pipe.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when the ice on the outside of the fan blades is thick, hot air is sent into the main ventilation pipe by the blower and heater. The hot air can be sent along the secondary ventilation pipe to the first positioning rod, melting the ice layer near the first positioning rod, so that the first positioning rod can be moved out smoothly and the de-icing device can be prevented from failing.

[0026] Optionally, it also includes a fan nacelle, wherein the main ventilation pipe is respectively provided in all the fan blades, the heater and the blower are provided in the fan nacelle, and the main ventilation pipe is rotatably connected between the fan nacelle and the fan blades via a pneumatic rotary joint.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the installation system of the ventilation component is specifically disclosed.

[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. By setting up an elastic outer membrane and expanding it with strong winds, the surface on which the ice adheres is changed, and the ice is broken by stress, thus achieving the de-icing effect. At the same time, it is energy-efficient and has low energy consumption.

[0030] 2. By adding a ventilation system, the cold air between the elastic outer membrane and the fan blades can be extracted after de-icing, reducing the possibility of ice forming on the surface of the elastic outer membrane and the fan blades, and making the elastic outer membrane adhere more tightly to the surface of the fan blades.

[0031] 3. By using a blower and a heater to introduce hot air into the first positioning rod, the ice layer near the first positioning rod can be melted, thus allowing the first positioning rod to be moved out smoothly and preventing the de-icing device from failing when the ice layer is thick. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of part of the internal structure of a wind turbine blade;

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0035] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the driver component;

[0037] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the power component;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the container;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a ventilation system.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Support tower; 11. Motor nacelle; 12. Hub; 13. Fan blade; 131. First positioning groove; 132. Second positioning groove; 133. Receiving box; 2. Elastic outer membrane; 21. Air inlet; 22. Air outlet; 23. Fixing strip; 3. First positioning rod; 31. Ventilation hole; 4. Drive assembly; 41. First rod; 42. Second rod; 43. Third rod; 44. Threaded rod; 45. Power component; 451. Motor; 452. Sprocket; 453. Chain; 5. Linkage assembly; 51. Take-up roller; 511. Separator ring; 52. Take-up rope; 53. Reset component; 531. Coil spring; 54. Linkage rope; 6. Ventilation system; 61. Main ventilation pipe; 62. Secondary ventilation pipe; 63. Blower; 64. Heater; 7. Pneumatic rotary joint. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This application will be described in further detail. 22 Example 1

[0043] This application discloses an anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The invention mainly comprises two parts: a wind turbine generator set and an anti-icing and de-icing device. To facilitate understanding of this invention, we can first understand existing wind turbine generator sets. A wind turbine generator set mainly includes a support tower 1, a motor nacelle 11 located at the upper end of the support tower 1, a hub 12 located at the front end of the motor nacelle 11, and three wind turbine blades 13 connected to the periphery of the hub 12. The wind turbine generator set also includes a control system for controlling the operation, stopping, and yaw of the wind turbine blades 13. During operation, the control system controls the rotation of the wind turbine blades 13, ensuring that the front end of the wind turbine blades 13 is always on the windward side and the rear end is on the leeward side. At this time, because the upper surface of the wind turbine blades 13 is more curved than the lower surface, the air flows faster on the upper surface of the blades, creating a pressure difference that drives the blades to rotate.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2In this embodiment, the anti-icing and de-icing device includes an elastic outer membrane 2 covering the surface of the fan blade 13. The elastic outer membrane 2 is respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the fan blade 13. Multiple elastic outer membranes 2 are provided along the length of the fan blade 13, forming multiple de-icing units. This allows the elastic outer membrane 2 to better fit the surface structure of the fan blade 13, and reduces the surface area of ​​a single elastic outer membrane 2 by reducing its length, thereby reducing the pressure on a single elastic outer membrane 2 and improving its service life. A fixing strip 23 is provided between adjacent elastic outer membranes 2 to fix the elastic outer membrane 2 to the surface of the fan blade 13. The two sides of the elastic outer membrane 2 are fixedly attached to the surface of the fan blade 13 by the fixing strip 23. The fixing strip 23 is an arc-shaped strip, and its surface curvature matches the surface curvature of the fan blade 13. The fixing strip 23 can be detachably fixed to the fan blade 13 by bolts or other means, thus both stably fixing the elastic outer membrane 2 and facilitating its replacement.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Furthermore, in this embodiment of the application, the anti-icing and de-icing device also includes a first positioning rod 3, a driving component 4, and a linkage component 5. The first positioning rod 3 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the elastic outer membrane 2. The first positioning rod 3 is a rectangular long rod whose length direction extends along the length direction of the fan blade 13. The edge of the elastic outer membrane 2 at one end on the windward side is fixed to the first positioning rod 3, and preferably the edge of the elastic outer membrane 2 can be inserted into the first positioning rod 3 to increase the fixing effect between the elastic outer membrane 2 and the first positioning rod 3.

[0046] The surface of the fan blade 13 is provided with a first positioning groove 131 for accommodating the first positioning rod 3, so as to... Figure 2 With the center position as a reference, the first positioning groove 131 is located on the left side of the fan blade 13. It should be noted that, since the first positioning rod 3 is preferably designed as a rectangular rod, correspondingly, relative to... Figure 2 For orientation reference, the first positioning groove 131 is horizontally opened on the left end surface of the fan blade 13, and the right bottom part of the first positioning groove 131 is rectangular in shape corresponding to the first positioning rod 3, which is used to accommodate the first positioning rod 3; the other end of the first positioning groove 131 extends to the left side surface of the fan blade 13, which is used to allow the first positioning rod 3 to slide out of the first positioning groove 131.

[0047] The drive assembly 4 can drive the first positioning rod 3 to slide away from the first positioning groove 131, that is, it can drive the first positioning rod 3 to slide to the left side of the fan blade 13 and slide out of the first positioning groove 131; when the first positioning rod 3 disengages from the first positioning groove 131, it can drive the end of the elastic outer membrane 2 located at the windward side to move away from the first positioning groove 131 by a certain distance. At this time, the elastic outer membrane 2 at the windward side moves to the left and forms an air inlet 21 between itself and the left side surface of the fan blade 13. Figure 3 The first positioning rod 3 and the elastic outer membrane 2 are in a state where they have not yet moved, and the air inlet 21 is flared. The wind at high altitude can enter between the elastic outer membrane 2 and the fan blade 13 through the air inlet 21. The wind force causes the elastic outer membrane 2 to deform and expand slightly. The ice layer attached to the surface of the elastic outer membrane 2 will be blown off by the wind due to stress cracking.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The fan blade 13 has a second positioning groove 132 at its leeward end to accommodate the right edge of the elastic outer membrane 2. Since the thickness of the fan blade 13 gradually decreases at the leeward end, the second positioning groove 132 is located near the end of the fan blade 13 at its leeward end. The openings of the two second positioning grooves 132 corresponding to the upper and lower elastic outer membranes 2 are angled upwards and downwards according to the curvature of the fan blade 13 surface. When the first positioning rod 3 is located in the first positioning groove 131, the right end of the elastic outer membrane 2 is inserted into the second positioning groove 132, and the elastic outer membrane 2 is positioned in the second positioning groove 132 by the linkage component 5, preventing the end of the elastic outer membrane 2 from sliding out of the second positioning groove 132, thus creating a seal between the elastic outer membrane 2 and the fan blade 13. When the drive component 4 drives the first positioning rod 3 to slide to the left out of the first positioning groove 131, the drive component 4 can also drive the linkage component 5 to unlock the elastic outer membrane 2. 5. Release the positioning restriction on the elastic outer membrane 2. When the wind rushes into the space between the elastic outer membrane 2 and the fan blade 13 from the air inlet 21, the elastic outer membrane 2 deforms and expands. At the same time, the part of the right end of the elastic outer membrane 2 that is inserted into the second positioning groove 132 is dislodged from the second positioning groove 132 under the action of the wind. For example, the end of the upper elastic outer membrane 2 dislodged upward from the second positioning groove 132. At this time, the end of the elastic outer membrane 2 located at the leeward end of the fan blade 13 forms an air outlet 22 between the upper surface of the fan blade 13 and the upper surface of the fan blade 13. Figure 4 The elastic outer membrane 2 is inserted into the second positioning groove 132; therefore, during the de-icing process, when the air rushes into the elastic outer membrane 2, it can be discharged from the air outlet 22.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5In this embodiment, the drive assembly 4 includes a first rod 41 disposed within the inner cavity of the fan blade 13, and a second rod 42 respectively fixed to both ends of the first rod 41. The end of the second rod 42 away from the first rod 41 is connected to the end of the first positioning rod 3. The first rod 41, the second rod 42, and the first positioning rod 3 are all rectangular rods, forming a U-shape when connected. Within the same de-icing unit, two sets of the first rod 41, the second rod 42, and the first positioning rod 3 are arranged parallel to each other, corresponding to the upper and lower elastic outer membranes 2.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The drive assembly 4 also includes a third rod 43 fixedly connected between the upper and lower first rods 41, a threaded rod 44 rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13, and a power component 45 for driving the threaded rod 44 to rotate. When the power component 45 drives the threaded rod 44 to rotate, the threaded rod 44 can drive the third rod 43 to slide along the direction of approaching or moving away from the first positioning rod 3.

[0051] In the embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 3 and Figure 5 ,by Figure 3 With orientation as a reference, the first positioning rod 3 is set in the first positioning groove 131 opened on the left side surface of the fan blade 13. The first rod 41 slides left and right in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13. The second rod 42 is connected between the first positioning rod 3 and the first rod 41. Therefore, a sliding groove for the second rod 42 to slide left and right is opened on the side plate on the left side of the fan blade 13. The left side of the sliding groove is connected to the first positioning groove 131, and the right side of the sliding groove is connected to the internal space of the fan blade 13.

[0052] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 A support for mounting a threaded rod 44 is fixed in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13. The threaded rod 44 is rotatably mounted on the support. The side wall of the threaded rod 44 has external threads, and the threaded rod 44 passes through the third rod 43 and is rotatably connected to the third rod 43. When the power component 45 drives the threaded rod 44 to rotate, the third rod 43, driven by the threaded rod 44 and limited by the second rod 42, can slide towards or away from the first positioning groove 131. That is, it can simultaneously control the two first positioning rods 3 located in the same de-icing unit to move simultaneously, thereby opening the air inlets 21 of the upper and lower elastic outer membranes 2 together, or closing the air inlets 21 simultaneously.

[0053] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7In this embodiment, the power component 45 includes a motor 451, a sprocket 452, and a chain 453. The sprocket 452 is coaxially fixed to the end of the threaded rod 44 away from the first positioning rod 3, and two sprockets 452 are spaced apart on the same threaded rod 44. The chain 453 surrounds between two adjacent sprockets 452, and a set of sprockets 452 and chain 453 is provided between two adjacent threaded rods 44. The motor 451 is fixed inside the fan blade 13 by a support, and the output end of the motor 451 is connected to one of the threaded rods 44. When the motor 451 is started, the threaded rod 44 connected to it rotates, and through the transmission of the chain 453, all the threaded rods 44 can be driven to rotate. The motor 451 is preferably located at the root of the fan blade 13, that is, at the end of the fan blade 13 near the hub 12, for easy maintenance of the motor 451. Simultaneously, the wires connected to the motor 451 can be connected to the fan nacelle via a conductive slip ring or a rotary connector, and connected to the control system of the fan assembly to facilitate starting the motor 451. To reduce weight, the sprocket 452 and chain 453 are preferably made of high-strength, lightweight materials, such as engineering plastics.

[0054] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 8 In this embodiment, the linkage component 5 includes a take-up roller 51 rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13, a take-up rope 52 connected between the side wall of the take-up roller 51 and the right end of the elastic outer membrane 2, a reset member 53 that continuously drives the take-up roller 51 to rotate and take up the take-up rope 52, and a linkage rope 54 connected between the side wall of the take-up roller 51 and the first rod 41. The take-up roller 51 is preferably made of lightweight aluminum or engineering plastic. A plurality of partition rings 511 are coaxially fixed on the outer side wall of the take-up roller 51, and a take-up cavity for accommodating the rope is formed between two adjacent partition rings 511.

[0055] To improve stability, multiple connecting ropes 54 can be provided on each first rod 41. In this embodiment, one connecting rope 54 is provided at each of the left and right ends of the first rod 41. Preferably, two or three partitions are generally provided at intervals in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13 to strengthen the fan blade 13. The end of the connecting rope 54 away from the third rod 43 passes through the partitions in the fan blade 13 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the take-up roller 51. Part of it is wound and stored in the corresponding take-up cavity. One end of the take-up rope 52 is fixed to the end of the elastic outer membrane 2, and multiple take-up ropes 52 are provided at intervals along the extension direction on the same elastic outer membrane 2. The other end of the take-up rope 52 passes through the fan blade 13 and is wound and fixed in the take-up cavity on the side wall of the take-up roller 51. A through hole is opened at the leeward end of the fan blade 13, i.e., the right end, for the take-up rope 52 to pass through. The through hole is connected to the second positioning groove 132. It should be noted that different winding ropes 52 need to be stored in different winding cavities to ensure the stable operation of the linkage assembly 5.

[0056] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6 The reset element 53 can be a coil spring 531. A receiving box 133 for accommodating the coil spring 531 is fixed in the inner cavity of the fan blade 13. The coil spring 531 and the receiving box 133 are respectively provided at both ends of the take-up roller 51. One end of the coil spring 531 is connected to the side wall of the take-up roller 51, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the receiving box 133. Preferably, both ends of the take-up roller 51 are also rotatably connected to the two receiving boxes 133 respectively.

[0057] The implementation principle of the anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades in this application embodiment is as follows: When de-icing is required, the motor 451 is started, driving the first positioning rod 3 to slide out of the first positioning groove 131. At the same time, when the third rod 43 slides towards the first positioning groove 131, it drives the connecting rope 54 to move simultaneously. The connecting rope 54 can drive the winding roller 51 to rotate, thereby releasing a section of equidistant winding rope 52. At this time, the air inlet 21 and the air outlet 22 open synchronously, and the outside wind enters the elastic outer membrane 2, causing the elastic outer membrane 2 to expand and causing the ice layer adhering to the surface of the elastic outer membrane 2 to break and fall off. After the wind passes through the elastic outer membrane 2, it can blow open the air outlet 22 and flow out from the air outlet 22. After de-icing is completed, the motor 451 is restarted, driving the first positioning rod 3 to slide into the first positioning groove 131. At the same time, the third rod 43 slides towards the winding roller 51, sealing the air inlet 21. Simultaneously, the connecting rope 54 is relaxed and rotates in the opposite direction under the action of the coil spring 531, winding the winding rope 54 and winding the winding rope 52. This also drives the end of the elastic outer membrane 2 into the second positioning groove 132, sealing the air outlet 22. Example 2

[0058] The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the anti-icing and de-icing device also includes a ventilation system 6. After the air inlet 21 and air outlet 22 of the elastic outer membrane 2 are sealed, the ventilation system 6 can extract the cold air remaining on the surface of the elastic outer membrane 2 and the fan blade 13, reduce the possibility of ice forming on the surface of the elastic outer membrane 2 and the fan blade 13, and at the same time make the elastic outer membrane 2 and the surface of the fan blade 13 fit more tightly.

[0059] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 9 The ventilation system 6 includes a main ventilation pipe 61, a secondary ventilation pipe 62, and a blower 63. The main ventilation pipe 61 is disposed within the inner cavity of the blower blades 13 along the length of the blower blades 13. To improve the stability of the main ventilation pipe 61, multiple fixing seats or fixing rings for fixing the main ventilation pipe 61 can be provided at intervals within the inner cavity of the blower blades 13. The blower 63 is preferably disposed in the motor nacelle 11 (see reference). Figure 1The blower 63 is connected to the ventilation duct 61. The ventilation duct 61 can be rotated between the motor housing 11 and the hub 12 through a pneumatic rotating structure. After the connection, the ventilation duct 61 is connected into three parts and inserted into the inner cavity of the three blower blades 13 respectively.

[0060] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 One end of the secondary ventilation pipe 62 is connected to the main ventilation pipe 61, and the other end is connected to the second rod 42. The first positioning rod 3 has a plurality of ventilation holes 31 spaced apart on the side facing the elastic outer membrane 2. Correspondingly, the second plate 42 has a first ventilation groove for air passage along its own length direction, and the first positioning rod 3 has a second ventilation groove (not shown in the figure) along its own length direction. The second ventilation groove is connected to all the ventilation holes 31. One end of the first ventilation groove is connected to the secondary ventilation pipe 62, and the other end of the first ventilation groove is connected to the second ventilation groove. At the same time, there is a gap between the outer wall of the first positioning rod 3 facing the elastic outer membrane 2 and the side wall of the first positioning groove 131. That is, when the first positioning rod 3 is housed in the first positioning groove 131, the space enclosed by the side wall of the first positioning groove 131, the side wall of the first positioning rod 3, and the inner wall of the elastic outer membrane 2 is connected to the ventilation holes 31. This starts the blower 63, and the cold air remaining between the elastic outer membrane 2 and the side wall of the blower blade 13 can be drawn into the first positioning rod 3 through the ventilation hole 31, and enter the second rod 42 along the second ventilation groove inside the first positioning rod 3. Then, it enters the ventilation secondary pipe 62 along the first ventilation groove inside the second rod 42, and is finally discharged by the blower 63 through the ventilation secondary pipe 62 and the ventilation main pipe 61.

[0061] It should be noted that each de-icing unit is equipped with two elastic outer membranes 2, one upper and one lower. Each elastic outer membrane 2 is equipped with a positioning rod 3, a first rod 41, and two second rods 42. The main ventilation pipe 61 is located between the two sets of second rods 42. Each de-icing unit has at least two secondary ventilation pipes 62, each connected to one of the second rods 42 in the upper and lower sets. Optionally, four secondary ventilation pipes 62 can be set in each de-icing unit, so that each second rod 42 is connected to one secondary ventilation pipe 62 to improve ventilation efficiency. Meanwhile, since the second rods 42 can move under the drive of the screw, the secondary ventilation pipes 62 need to be deformable. The secondary ventilation pipes 62 can be configured as flexible hoses or corrugated pipes. The main ventilation pipe 61 can also be configured as a flexible hose to increase adaptability.

[0062] Reference Figure 9Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, the ventilation system 6 further includes a heater 64, which is disposed inside the blower nacelle and connected between the blower 63 and the main ventilation pipe 61. Hot air enters the first positioning rod 3 along the secondary ventilation pipe 62 and the second rod 42, and exits from the ventilation hole 31. This hot air can melt the ice layer around the first positioning rod 3, reducing the force of the ice layer. Then, by starting the motor 451, the first positioning rod 3 can be smoothly pushed out. The combined effect of the heater 64 and the hot air supply improves the adaptability of equipment operation and prevents the de-icing device from failing.

[0063] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: By adding a ventilation system 6, after de-icing is completed, the blower 63 is started to extract air, which can remove the residual cold air from the elastic outer membrane 2 and the side wall of the blower blades 13. When the ice layer is thick, the blower 63 is started to blow air, and the heater 64 is started simultaneously, which can send hot air to the first positioning rod 3 to quickly melt the ice around the first positioning rod 3, so as to smoothly push out the first positioning rod 3. The rod 42 enters the first positioning rod 3 and is discharged from the ventilation hole 31. This part of the hot air can melt the ice layer around the first positioning rod 3 and reduce the force of the ice layer. At this time, the motor 451 is started, and the first positioning rod 3 can be smoothly pushed out. With the help of the heater 64 to pass hot air, the adaptability of equipment operation can be improved and the de-icing device can be prevented from failing.

[0064] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A wind turbine blade anti-icing and de-icing device, comprising a wind turbine blade (13), wherein the front end of the wind turbine blade (13) is the windward side and the rear end of the wind turbine blade (13) is the leeward side, characterized in that: It also includes an elastic outer membrane (2) covering the surface of the fan blade (13). The elastic outer membrane (2) is respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the fan blade (13). The elastic outer membrane (2) forms an air inlet (21) between the windward end and the surface of the fan blade (13), and the elastic outer membrane (2) forms an air outlet (22) between the leeward end and the surface of the fan blade (13). Multiple elastic outer membranes (2) are arranged along the length of the fan blade (13) to form multiple de-icing units. A fixing strip (23) for fixing the elastic outer membrane (2) to the surface of the fan blade (13) is provided between two adjacent elastic outer membranes (2). The fan blade (13) also includes a first positioning rod (3), which is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the elastic outer membrane (2). The end of the elastic outer membrane (2) on the windward side is fixed to the first positioning rod (3). A first positioning groove (131) for engaging the first positioning rod (3) is opened on the windward side of the fan blade (13). It also includes a drive assembly (4), which can drive the first positioning rod (3) to move away from the first positioning groove (131) or to move towards inserting into the first positioning groove (131); it also includes a linkage assembly (5), where the fan blade (13) has a second positioning groove (132) on the leeward side for accommodating the elastic outer membrane (2). When the first positioning rod (3) is inserted into the first positioning groove (131), the drive assembly (4) can drive the linkage assembly (5) to lock the end of the elastic outer membrane (2) in the second positioning groove (132); when the drive assembly (4) moves away from the first positioning groove (131), the drive assembly (4) can drive the linkage assembly (5) to unlock the elastic outer membrane (2). The drive assembly (4) can drive the first positioning rod (3) to slide away from the first positioning groove (131). When the first positioning rod (3) disengages from the first positioning groove (131), it can drive the elastic outer membrane (2) located at the windward end to move and form an air inlet (21) between it and the surface of the fan blade (13). The wind entering from the air inlet causes the elastic outer membrane (2) to deform and expand, and drives the elastic outer membrane located at the leeward end to disengage from the second positioning groove (132) and form an air outlet (22) between it and the surface of the fan blade (13). The drive assembly (4) includes a first rod (41) disposed in the inner cavity of the fan blade (13) and a second rod (42) disposed at both ends of the first rod (41). The end of the second rod (42) away from the first rod (41) is connected to the end of the first positioning rod (3). In the same de-icing unit, the first rod (41), the second rod (42) and the first positioning rod (3) are arranged in parallel with the two elastic outer membranes (2). The drive assembly (4) also includes a third rod (43) disposed between the two first rods (41), a threaded rod (44) rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the fan blade (13), and a power component (45) for driving the threaded rod (44) to rotate. A sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the fan blade (13) for the second rod (42) to slide. The sliding groove is connected to the first positioning groove (131). The threaded rod (44) passes through the third rod (43) and is threadedly connected to the third rod (43). The linkage assembly (5) includes a take-up roller (51) rotatably disposed in the inner cavity of the wind turbine blade (13), a take-up rope (52) connected between the side wall of the take-up roller (51) and the elastic outer membrane (2), a reset member (53) that always drives the take-up roller (51) to rotate and take up the take-up rope (52), and a linkage rope (54) connected between the side wall of the take-up roller (51) and the first rod (41). The wind turbine blade (13) is provided with a through hole for the take-up rope (52) to pass through, and the through hole is connected to the second positioning groove (132).

2. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power component (45) includes a motor (451), a sprocket (452) and a chain (453). The sprocket (452) is coaxially disposed at the end of the threaded rod (44) away from the first positioning rod (3). The chain (453) is wrapped around two adjacent sprockets (452), and a set of sprockets (452) and chain (453) is disposed between two adjacent threaded rods (44). The motor (451) is disposed in the inner cavity of the fan blade (13), and the output shaft of the motor (451) is connected to one of the threaded rods (44).

3. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reset component (53) is a coil spring (531). The fan blade (13) is provided with a receiving box (133) for accommodating the coil spring (531). One end of the coil spring (531) is connected to the side wall of the take-up roller (51), and the other end is connected to the side wall of the receiving box (133).

4. A wind turbine blade anti-icing and de-icing device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: It also includes a ventilation system (6), which includes a main ventilation pipe (61), a secondary ventilation pipe (62) and a blower (63). One end of the main ventilation pipe (61) is connected to the blower (63), and the other end extends along the length of the blower blade (13) into the inner cavity of the blower blade (13). One end of the secondary ventilation pipe (62) is connected to the main ventilation pipe (61), and the other end is connected to the second rod (42). The first positioning rod (3) has a plurality of ventilation holes (31) spaced apart on the side facing the elastic outer membrane (2), and there is a gap between the outer wall of the first positioning rod (3) facing the elastic outer membrane (2) and the side wall of the first positioning groove (131). The secondary ventilation pipe (62) is connected to the ventilation holes (31).

5. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ventilation secondary pipe (62) is a flexible hose.

6. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ventilation system (6) also includes a heater (64) connected between the blower (63) and the ventilation main (61).

7. The anti-icing and de-icing device for wind turbine blades according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a fan nacelle, the ventilation main pipe (61) is respectively provided in all the fan blades (13), the heater (64) and the blower (63) are provided in the fan nacelle, and the ventilation main pipe (61) is rotatably connected between the fan nacelle and the fan blades (13) through a pneumatic rotary joint (7).

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