Gearbox of turning and milling combined machining center

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gear transmission equipment, and provides a gear box of a turn-milling combined machining center, which comprises a lower gear box and an upper gear box, the upper gear box is detachably mounted on the lower gear box, an output shaft is rotatably mounted between the lower gear box and the upper gear box through a bearing, and the gear box further comprises a negative pressure oil injection assembly, a driving gear and a reciprocating transmission assembly, the negative pressure oil injection assembly is installed in the upper gear box, the negative pressure oil injection assembly is synchronously started and stopped along with rotation of the output shaft, the driving gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft and located in the lower gear box and the upper gear box, and the reciprocating transmission assembly is installed in the upper gear box. The problems that in the prior art, under the condition of long-term operation or high-speed heavy load, the pressure between gears is large, lubricating oil is difficult to add stably, abrasion between the gears is aggravated, and power output is affected are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gear transmission equipment, and specifically, to a gearbox of a turning-milling compound machining center. Background Art

[0002] A turning-milling compound machining center is a numerically controlled machine tool integrating turning and milling functions. It uses the combined motion of the rotation of the milling cutter and the rotation of the workpiece to achieve the cutting process of the workpiece, and can complete a variety of machining processes in one clamping. This machining method can not only meet the usage requirements in terms of shape accuracy, position accuracy, integrity of the machined surface, etc., but also can complete all or most of the machining processes in one clamping.

[0003] Among them, the gearbox is an important part of the turning-milling compound machining center. The main functions of the gearbox include accelerating, decelerating, changing the transmission direction, changing the torque, realizing the clutch function, and distributing power. These functions make the gearbox play a key role in the turning-milling compound machining center. In order to ensure the long-term stable operation of the gearbox in the turning-milling compound machining center, regular maintenance and upkeep are required, such as regularly checking the lubricating oil situation.

[0004] However, during long-term operation, especially during the machining of large-sized workpieces, that is, under the influence of large torque for a long time, or under the influence of the external environmental temperature and the operation under high speed and heavy load, the temperature inside the gearbox will be too high, which will further lead to an increase in internal pressure. If lubricating oil needs to be added, due to the influence of pressure, the lubricating oil cannot be added, resulting in waste, and aggravating the friction between gears, affecting the normal operation of the gears. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a gearbox for a turning-milling compound machining center, which solves the problem in the prior art that under long-term operation or high speed and heavy load, the pressure between each gear is large, it is difficult to stably add lubricating oil, which further leads to increased wear between gears and affects the power output.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The gearbox of the turning-milling compound machining center includes a lower gearbox and an upper gearbox. The upper gearbox is detachably installed on the lower gearbox. An output shaft is rotatably installed between the lower gearbox and the upper gearbox through a bearing, and further includes:

[0008] A negative pressure oil injection assembly, which is installed inside the upper gearbox. The negative pressure oil injection assembly starts and stops synchronously with the rotation of the output shaft, and is used to suck the lubricating oil in the lower gearbox and spray it on the gear set in the gearbox;

[0009] A driving gear, which is fixedly installed on the output shaft and is located inside the lower gearbox and the upper gearbox;

[0010] A reciprocating transmission assembly, which is installed inside the upper gearbox and is used to provide power for the negative-pressure oil spraying assembly through the driving gear during the lubrication of the gear set.

[0011] On the basis of the foregoing solution, the negative-pressure oil spraying assembly includes:

[0012] Negative-pressure cylinders, two of which are symmetrically and fixedly installed inside the upper gearbox;

[0013] Oil discharge cylinders, with each side of the two negative-pressure cylinders communicating with an oil discharge cylinder, and the two oil discharge cylinders being symmetrically arranged;

[0014] Lubricating oil spraying parts, which are installed on both negative-pressure cylinders and are used to spray lubricating oil;

[0015] Automatic on-off parts, which are installed inside the two negative-pressure cylinders and the two oil discharge cylinders and are used to control the flow direction of the lubricating oil;

[0016] Negative-pressure oil suction parts, which are installed inside the two negative-pressure cylinders and are used to extract the lubricating oil in the lower gearbox.

[0017] On the basis of the foregoing solution, the lubricating oil spraying part includes:

[0018] Oil suction pipes, with each bottom of the two negative-pressure cylinders communicating with an oil suction pipe;

[0019] Oil discharge pipes, with each end of the two oil discharge cylinders communicating with an oil discharge pipe, and the oil discharge pipes being fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the upper gearbox, and the two oil discharge pipes being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner top wall of the upper gearbox;

[0020] Atomizing nozzles, with a plurality of atomizing nozzles being equally spaced and communicating with the lower part of each oil discharge pipe;

[0021] Among them, the plurality of atomizing nozzles on the two oil discharge pipes are all inclined towards the central position of the inner bottom wall of the lower gearbox.

[0022] On the basis of the foregoing solution, the automatic on-off part includes:

[0023] Through holes, which are opened at the bottom of the two negative-pressure cylinders and at the ends of the oil discharge cylinders;

[0024] Fixed rings, which are fixedly installed inside each negative-pressure cylinder;

[0025] An oil inlet conical plug, the oil inlet conical plug is arranged on the through hole at the bottom of each negative pressure cylinder, and the oil inlet conical plug is in sealed contact with the through hole at the bottom of the negative pressure cylinder;

[0026] A first spring, the first spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of each fixing ring, and the first spring is fixedly connected to the top of the oil inlet conical plug;

[0027] An oil discharge member, the oil discharge member is installed inside each oil discharge cylinder and is used to control the discharge of lubricating oil in the negative pressure cylinder.

[0028] On the basis of the foregoing solution, the oil discharge member includes:

[0029] An oil discharge ring, the oil discharge ring is fixedly installed inside each oil discharge cylinder;

[0030] An oil discharge conical plug, the oil discharge conical plug is arranged on each oil discharge ring, and the oil discharge conical plug is in sealed contact with the inside of the oil discharge ring;

[0031] A second spring, the second spring is fixedly installed at one end of each oil discharge cylinder away from the negative pressure cylinder, and the second spring is fixedly connected to the end of the oil discharge conical plug away from the negative pressure cylinder.

[0032] On the basis of the foregoing solution, the negative pressure oil suction part includes:

[0033] A pressure rod, the pressure rod is slidably and sealingly installed at the top of each negative pressure cylinder;

[0034] A piston, the piston is fixedly installed at the bottom of each pressure rod, and the piston is slidably and sealingly fitted with the inside of the negative pressure cylinder.

[0035] On the basis of the foregoing solution, the reciprocating transmission assembly includes:

[0036] A transmission gear, the transmission gear is rotatably installed inside the upper gear box, and the transmission gear meshes with the driving gear;

[0037] A driven gear, the driven gear is rotatably installed inside the upper gear box, and the driven gear meshes with the transmission gear;

[0038] A reciprocating pushing part, the reciprocating pushing part is installed inside the upper gear box and is used to push the pressure rod to move reciprocally;

[0039] A driving part, the driving part is installed on the driven gear and is used to drive the reciprocating pushing part to move reciprocally.

[0040] On the basis of the foregoing solution, the reciprocating pushing part includes:

[0041] Slider carriage, two slider carriages are symmetrically and fixedly installed inside the upper gearbox, and the two slider carriages are arranged in parallel;

[0042] Pushing frame, the pushing frame is slidably installed between the two slider carriages, and the pushing frame is fixedly connected to the tops of the two pressure rods.

[0043] On the basis of the foregoing solution, the driving part includes:

[0044] Chute, the chute is opened on one side of the pushing frame close to the driven gear;

[0045] Poking rod, the poking rod is eccentrically and fixedly installed at the end of the driven gear, and the poking rod is slidably matched with the chute.

[0046] On the basis of the foregoing solution, the distance between the highest position and the lowest position of the poking rod is the stroke of the piston, and the distance between the connection positions of the inner top walls of the two negative pressure cylinders and the oil discharge cylinder is greater than the piston stroke.

[0047] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0048] 1. In the present invention, when the piston moves upward, the pressure in the negative pressure cylinder becomes smaller, and at this time, the lubricating oil can be sucked in through the through hole at the bottom of the negative pressure cylinder. When the piston moves downward, the pressure increases, the oil inlet conical plug seals to prevent backflow, the oil discharge conical plug disengages from the oil discharge ring, and the lubricating oil is discharged. During the process of transmitting power, the lubricating oil will be sprayed. When the lubricating oil is sprayed, the spraying effect changes periodically. On the premise of ensuring the lubrication effect, it plays a certain cleaning role on the impurities attached to each gear, thereby further reducing the possibility of excessive wear between each gear.

[0049] 2. In the present invention, multiple atomizing nozzles are arranged obliquely, so as to ensure the maximum coverage of the lubricating oil, effectively avoid lubrication dead spots, improve the uniformity of the overall lubrication of the gears, thereby reducing local wear and extending the overall service life of the equipment.

[0050] 3. In the present invention, through the cooperation of the negative pressure oil injection component and the reciprocating transmission component, while outputting power, the reciprocating transmission component will drive the negative pressure oil injection component to work to ensure stable lubrication during the working process, and at the same time cool each gear to reduce the possibility of excessive friction between each gear and improve the stability of power output. Description of the Drawings

[0051] The following further describes the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the sectional three-dimensional structure in the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the negative-pressure oil injection assembly and the reciprocating transmission assembly in cooperation in the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the negative-pressure oil injection assembly and the reciprocating transmission assembly in cooperation from another angle in the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the negative-pressure oil injection assembly in the present invention;

[0057] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the negative-pressure cylinder, the oil discharge cylinder and the negative-pressure adsorption part in cooperation in the present invention;

[0058] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the reciprocating transmission assembly in the present invention.

[0059] In the figure: 1, lower gearbox; 2, upper gearbox; 3, output shaft; 4, driving gear; 5, negative-pressure cylinder; 6, oil discharge cylinder; 7, oil suction pipe; 8, oil discharge pipe; 9, atomizing nozzle; 10, through hole; 11, fixing ring; 12, oil inlet tapered plug; 13, first spring; 14, oil discharge ring; 15, oil discharge tapered plug; 16, second spring; 17, pressure rod; 18, piston; 19, transmission gear; 20, driven gear; 21, carriage; 22, pushing frame; 23, chute; 24, lever. Specific embodiments

[0060] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] Such as Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a gearbox for a turning-milling compound machining center, which includes a lower gearbox 1 and an upper gearbox 2. The upper gearbox 2 is detachably installed on the lower gearbox 1. An output shaft 3 is rotatably installed between the lower gearbox 1 and the upper gearbox 2 through a bearing. It also includes a negative-pressure oil spraying component, a driving gear 4, and a reciprocating transmission component. The negative-pressure oil spraying component is installed inside the upper gearbox 2 and starts and stops synchronously with the rotation of the output shaft 3, and is used to suck the lubricating oil in the lower gearbox 1 and spray the gear set in the gearbox. The negative-pressure oil spraying component includes a negative-pressure cylinder 5, an oil discharge cylinder 6, a lubricating oil spraying part, an automatic on-off part, and a negative-pressure oil suction part. Two negative-pressure cylinders 5 are symmetrically and fixedly installed inside the upper gearbox 2. Oil discharge cylinders 6 are communicated with the sides of both negative-pressure cylinders 5. The two oil discharge cylinders 6 are symmetrically arranged. Lubricating oil spraying parts are installed on both negative-pressure cylinders 5 for spraying lubricating oil. Automatic on-off parts are installed inside both negative-pressure cylinders 5 and both oil discharge cylinders 6 to control the flow direction of the lubricating oil. Negative-pressure oil suction parts are installed inside both negative-pressure cylinders 5 to extract the lubricating oil in the lower gearbox 1.

[0062] Specifically, during operation, first open the lid on the top of the upper gearbox 2, pour the lubricating oil into the lower gearbox 1 until the liquid level of the lubricating oil submerges the bottom end of the oil suction pipe 7, and then close the lid. Then, the output shaft 3 can be driven to rotate through the gear set. At this time, with the cooperation between the gears in the gear set, the output shaft 3 is driven to rotate. During this process, the reciprocating transmission component will move reciprocally with the rotation of the output shaft 3, thereby driving the negative-pressure oil suction part to move reciprocally along the axis direction of the negative-pressure cylinder 5 inside the negative-pressure cylinder 5. With the continuous movement of the negative-pressure oil suction part, the lubricating oil in the lower gearbox 1 can be continuously sucked into the negative-pressure cylinder 5, and the lubricating oil can be continuously sent into the lubricating oil spraying part through the oil discharge cylinder 6, sent to the area of the inner top wall of the upper gearbox 2, and the lubricating oil is sprayed out, so that the lubricating oil is sprayed on each gear to form a stable oil film, thereby improving the lubrication effect between each gear, effectively reducing the friction coefficient, further reducing gear wear, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0063] As described above, as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 shown, the lubricating oil spraying part includes an oil suction pipe 7, an oil discharge pipe 8, and an atomizing nozzle 9. Oil suction pipes 7 are communicated with the bottoms of both negative-pressure cylinders 5. Oil discharge pipes 8 are communicated with the ends of both oil discharge cylinders 6. The oil discharge pipes 8 are fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the upper gearbox 2. The two oil discharge pipes 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner top wall of the upper gearbox 2. A plurality of atomizing nozzles 9 are equally spaced and communicated with the lower part of each oil discharge pipe 8. Among them, the plurality of atomizing nozzles 9 on the two oil discharge pipes 8 are inclined towards the center position of the inner bottom wall of the lower gearbox 1.

[0064] Specifically, during the oil absorption process, the negative pressure oil absorption part sucks the lubricating oil into the negative pressure cylinder 5 through the oil suction pipe 7. As the pressure in the negative pressure cylinder 5 changes, the lubricating oil is pushed to the oil discharge pipe 8 through the oil discharge cylinder 6 and then evenly sprayed on the gear surface through the atomizing nozzle 9 to ensure that each gear can be fully lubricated, further optimizing the lubrication effect and improving the operation stability of the equipment. The multiple atomizing nozzles 9 are arranged obliquely, thereby ensuring the maximum coverage range of the lubricating oil, effectively avoiding lubrication dead angles, improving the uniformity of the overall lubrication of the gears, reducing local wear, and extending the overall service life of the equipment.

[0065] It should be added that during the process of spraying the lubricating oil, it not only has the function of lubricating each gear, but also can cool each gear, thereby improving the operation stability and making the power output more stable.

[0066] As described above, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 shown, the automatic on-off part includes a through hole 10, a fixed ring 11, an oil inlet tapered plug 12, a first spring 13 and an oil discharge member. Through holes 10 are provided at the bottoms of the two negative pressure cylinders 5 and at the end of the oil discharge cylinder 6. A fixed ring 11 is fixedly installed inside each negative pressure cylinder 5. An oil inlet tapered plug 12 is arranged on the through hole 10 at the bottom of each negative pressure cylinder 5. The oil inlet tapered plug 12 is in sealing contact with the through hole 10 at the bottom of the negative pressure cylinder 5. A first spring 13 is fixedly installed at the bottom of each fixed ring 11. The first spring 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the oil inlet tapered plug 12. An oil discharge member is installed inside each oil discharge cylinder 6 for controlling the discharge of the lubricating oil in the negative pressure cylinder 5.

[0067] Specifically, when the negative pressure cylinder 5 sucks the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil enters the negative pressure cylinder 5 through the through hole 10 at the bottom of the negative pressure cylinder 5 at this time. The lubricating oil at this time pushes the oil inlet tapered plug 12 to move along the axis direction of the negative pressure cylinder 5, so that the oil inlet tapered plug 12 is separated from the through hole 10 at the bottom of the negative pressure cylinder 5. At this time, the first spring 13 is compressed, and the lubricating oil smoothly enters the inside of the negative pressure cylinder 5. When the pressure in the negative pressure cylinder 5 reaches the set value, the first spring 13 resets, and the oil inlet tapered plug 12 reseals the through hole 10 to prevent the lubricating oil from flowing back, ensuring the stable operation of the system. At the same time, the oil discharge member controls the discharge of the lubricating oil according to the pressure change to achieve oil supply, optimize the working efficiency of the lubrication system, and further improve the overall performance of the equipment.

[0068] As described above, such as Figure 5As shown in the figure, the oil drainage component includes an oil drainage ring 14, an oil drainage conical plug 15 and a second spring 16. An oil drainage ring 14 is fixedly installed inside each oil drainage cylinder 6. An oil drainage conical plug 15 is arranged on each oil drainage ring 14. The oil drainage conical plug 15 is in sealed contact with the inside of the oil drainage ring 14. A second spring 16 is fixedly installed at one end of each oil drainage cylinder 6 away from the negative pressure cylinder 5. The second spring 16 is fixedly connected to one end of the oil drainage conical plug 15 away from the negative pressure cylinder 5.

[0069] Specifically, when lubricating oil enters the negative pressure cylinder 5 and needs to be discharged through the oil drainage cylinder 6, as the pressure inside the negative pressure cylinder 5 increases, the lubricating oil at this time pushes the oil drainage conical plug 15 to move along the axis of the oil drainage cylinder 6 until it disengages from the oil drainage ring 14. At this time, the second spring 16 is compressed, and the lubricating oil is discharged smoothly. After the pressure decreases, the second spring 16 resets, and the oil drainage conical plug 15 is resealed to ensure smooth lubricating oil circulation, avoid leakage, and maintain efficient operation of the system.

[0070] As described above, as Figure 5 shown in the figure, the negative pressure oil suction part includes a pressure rod 17 and a piston 18. A pressure rod 17 is slidably and sealingly installed on the top of each negative pressure cylinder 5. A piston 18 is fixedly installed at the bottom of each pressure rod 17. The piston 18 is slidably and sealingly fitted with the inside of the negative pressure cylinder 5.

[0071] Specifically, when delivering lubricating oil to the oil discharge pipe 8, the pressure inside the negative pressure cylinder 5 needs to change reciprocally. At this time, the pressure rod 17 is driven to move up and down, and the pressure rod 17 drives the piston 18 to reciprocally move along the axis direction inside the negative pressure cylinder 5, so as to realize the periodic change of the pressure inside the negative pressure cylinder 5. When the piston 18 moves upward, the pressure inside the negative pressure cylinder 5 becomes smaller, and the lubricating oil at this time can be sucked in through the through hole 10 at the bottom of the negative pressure cylinder 5. When the piston 18 moves downward, the pressure increases, the oil inlet conical plug 12 is sealed to prevent backflow, the oil drainage conical plug 15 disengages from the oil drainage ring 14, and the lubricating oil is discharged. This cycle repeats to ensure stable oil supply.

[0072] It should be added that during the process of the pressure rod 17 driving the piston 18 to move upward, the oil drainage cylinder 6 does not supply oil to the oil discharge pipe 8. That is to say, when spraying lubricating oil, the spraying effect changes periodically. On the premise of ensuring the lubricating effect, it plays a certain cleaning role on the impurities attached to each gear, thereby further reducing the possibility of excessive wear between each gear.

[0073] As Figure 7As shown in the figure, the driving gear 4 is fixedly installed on the output shaft 3. The driving gear 4 is located inside the lower gearbox 1 and the upper gearbox 2. The reciprocating transmission assembly is installed inside the upper gearbox 2 and is used to provide power for the negative-pressure oil injection assembly through the driving gear 4 during the lubrication of the gear set. The reciprocating transmission assembly includes a transmission gear 19, a driven gear 20, a reciprocating pushing part, and a driving part. The transmission gear 19 is rotatably installed inside the upper gearbox 2. The transmission gear 19 meshes with the driving gear 4. The driven gear 20 is rotatably installed inside the upper gearbox 2. The driven gear 20 meshes with the transmission gear 19. The reciprocating pushing part is installed inside the upper gearbox 2 and is used to push the pressure rod 17 to perform reciprocating motion. The driving part is installed on the driven gear 20 and is used to drive the reciprocating pushing part to perform reciprocating movement.

[0074] Specifically, during the oil supply process, as the output shaft 3 rotates continuously, the driving gear 4 can drive the transmission gear 19 to rotate, thereby driving the driven gear 20 to rotate. Thus, through the setting of the driving part, the reciprocating pushing part is pushed to move up and down, thereby driving the two pressure rods 17 to perform reciprocating motion synchronously, realizing the control of the pressure inside the negative-pressure cylinder 5, and thus conveying the lubricating oil.

[0075] As described above, as Figure 7 shown in the figure, the reciprocating pushing part includes a carriage 21 and a pushing frame 22. Two carriages 21 are symmetrically and fixedly installed inside the upper gearbox 2. The two carriages 21 are arranged in parallel. The pushing frame 22 is slidably installed between the two carriages 21. The pushing frame 22 is fixedly connected to the tops of the two pressure rods 17.

[0076] Specifically, as the driven gear 20 rotates, under the action of the driving part, the pushing frame 22 moves up and down between the two carriages 21, thereby driving the pressure rod 17 to move synchronously.

[0077] As described above, as Figure 7 shown in the figure, the driving part includes a chute 23 and a dial rod 24. A chute 23 is opened on one side of the pushing frame 22 close to the driven gear 20. The dial rod 24 is eccentrically and fixedly installed at the end of the driven gear 20. The dial rod 24 is slidably engaged with the chute 23. The distance between the highest position and the lowest position of the dial rod 24 is the stroke of the piston 18. The distance between the connection positions of the inner top walls of the two negative-pressure cylinders 5 and the oil discharge cylinder 6 is greater than the stroke of the piston 18.

[0078] Specifically, as the driven gear 20 rotates, the driven gear 20 drives the dial rod 24 to rotate around the center position of the driven gear 20. At the same time, the dial rod 24 reciprocates in the chute 23, pushing the pushing frame 22 to reciprocate along the carriage 21, and further driving the pressure rod 17 to perform reciprocating movement.

[0079] The working principle or usage process of this application is:

[0080] During operation, first open the cover on the top of the upper gearbox 2 and pour lubricating oil into the inner part of the lower gearbox 1 until the liquid level of the lubricating oil submerges the bottom end of the oil suction pipe 7. Then close the cover, and the rotation of the output shaft 3 can be started by driving through the gear set. At this time, with the cooperation between the various gears in the gear set, the output shaft 3 is driven to rotate. During this process, as the output shaft 3 rotates continuously, the driving gear 4 can drive the transmission gear 19 to rotate, thereby driving the driven gear 20 to rotate. The driven gear 20 drives the lever 24 to rotate around the central position of the driven gear 20. At the same time, the lever 24 reciprocates in the chute 23, pushing the push frame 22 to reciprocate along the sliding frame 21, and further driving the pressure rod 17 to reciprocate synchronously.

[0081] At this time, the pressure rod 17 is driven to move up and down, and the pressure rod 17 drives the piston 18 to reciprocate along the axis direction inside the negative pressure cylinder 5, thereby realizing the periodic change of the pressure inside the negative pressure cylinder 5. When the piston 18 moves upward, the pressure inside the negative pressure cylinder 5 becomes smaller. At this time, the lubricating oil can be sucked in through the through hole 10 at the bottom of the negative pressure cylinder 5. During this process, the lubricating oil is sucked into the negative pressure cylinder 5 through the oil suction pipe 7, and the lubricating oil enters the negative pressure cylinder 5 through the through hole 10 at the bottom of the negative pressure cylinder 5. At this time, the lubricating oil pushes the oil inlet conical plug 12 to move along the axis direction of the negative pressure cylinder 5, so that the oil inlet conical plug 12 disengages from the through hole 10 at the bottom of the negative pressure cylinder 5. At this time, the first spring 13 is compressed, and the lubricating oil smoothly enters the inside of the negative pressure cylinder 5. When the piston 18 moves downward, the pressure inside the negative pressure cylinder 5 increases. At this time, the first spring 13 resets, and the oil inlet conical plug 12 reseals the through hole 10 to prevent the lubricating oil from flowing back. At the same time, as the pressure inside the negative pressure cylinder 5 increases, the lubricating oil at this time pushes the oil discharge conical plug 15 to move along the axis direction of the oil discharge cylinder 6 until it disengages from the oil discharge ring 14. At this time, the second spring 16 is compressed, and the lubricating oil is smoothly discharged. After the pressure decreases, the second spring 16 resets, and the oil discharge conical plug 15 reseals to ensure the smooth circulation of the lubricating oil, avoid leakage, maintain the efficient operation of the system.

[0082] Just like this, with the change of the pressure inside the negative pressure cylinder 5, the lubricating oil is pushed to the oil discharge pipe 8 through the oil discharge cylinder 6, and then evenly sprayed on the gear surface through the atomizing nozzle 9. The lubricating oil is sprayed on each gear to form a stable oil film, thereby improving the lubrication effect between the gears, effectively reducing the friction coefficient, further reducing gear wear, further optimizing the lubrication effect, and enhancing the operation stability of the equipment. The multiple atomizing nozzles 9 are arranged obliquely, thereby ensuring the maximum coverage range of the lubricating oil, effectively avoiding lubrication dead corners, enhancing the uniformity of the overall lubrication of the gears, thereby reducing local wear and extending the overall service life of the equipment.

[0083] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gearbox for a turning and milling machining center, comprising a lower gearbox (1) and an upper gearbox (2), wherein the upper gearbox (2) is detachably mounted on the lower gearbox (1), and an output shaft (3) is rotatably mounted between the lower gearbox (1) and the upper gearbox (2) via a bearing, wherein: Also includes: A negative pressure oil spray assembly, the negative pressure oil spray assembly being installed inside the upper gear box (2), the negative pressure oil spray assembly being started and stopped synchronously with the rotation of the output shaft (3), and being used to absorb the lubricating oil in the lower gear box (1) and spray the gear set in the gear box; A driving gear (4), wherein the driving gear (4) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft (3), and the driving gear (4) is located inside the lower gear box (1) and the upper gear box (2); A reciprocating transmission assembly is installed inside the upper gear box (2) and is used to provide power to the negative pressure oil injection assembly through the driving gear (4) during the lubrication of the gear set.

2. The gearbox for a turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure oil injection assembly comprises: Negative pressure cylinders (5), two of the negative pressure cylinders (5) are symmetrically and fixedly mounted inside the upper gear box (2); An oil drain cylinder (6), the sides of the two negative pressure cylinders (5) are both connected to the oil drain cylinder (6), and the two oil drain cylinders (6) are symmetrically arranged; A lubricating oil spraying part, the two negative pressure cylinders (5) are both equipped with the lubricating oil spraying part for spraying lubricating oil; An automatic on-off part, which is installed inside the two negative pressure cylinders (5) and the two oil drain cylinders (6) to control the flow direction of the lubricating oil; A negative pressure oil suction part is installed inside the two negative pressure cylinders (5) and is used to extract lubricating oil from the lower gear box (1).

3. The gearbox for a turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lubricating oil spraying part comprises: An oil suction pipe (7), the bottoms of the two negative pressure cylinders (5) are both connected to the oil suction pipe (7); An oil drain pipe (8), the ends of the two oil drain cylinders (6) are both connected to the oil drain pipe (8), the oil drain pipe (8) is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the upper gear box (2), and the two oil drain pipes (8) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner top wall of the upper gear box (2); Atomizing nozzles (9), wherein the lower part of each of the oil drain pipes (8) is connected to a plurality of the atomizing nozzles (9) at equal distances; Wherein, the multiple atomizing nozzles (9) on the two oil drain pipes (8) are arranged obliquely toward the center position of the inner bottom wall of the lower gear box (1).

4. The gearbox for a turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The automatic on-off unit comprises: A through hole (10), the bottom of the two negative pressure cylinders (5) and the end of the oil discharge cylinder (6) are both provided with the through hole (10); A fixing ring (11), wherein each negative pressure cylinder (5) is fixedly installed with the fixing ring (11); An oil inlet conical plug (12), each of the through holes (10) at the bottom of the negative pressure cylinder (5) is provided with the oil inlet conical plug (12), and the oil inlet conical plug (12) is in sealing contact with the through hole (10) at the bottom of the negative pressure cylinder (5); A first spring (13), the bottom of each fixing ring (11) is fixedly mounted with the first spring (13), and the first spring (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the oil inlet conical plug (12); An oil discharge component is installed inside each of the oil discharge cylinders (6) and is used to control the discharge of the lubricating oil in the negative pressure cylinder (5).

5. The gearbox for a turning-milling composite machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil discharge member comprises: An oil drain ring (14), wherein each of the oil drain cylinders (6) is fixedly mounted with the oil drain ring (14); An oil drain conical plug (15), each of the oil drain rings (14) is provided with the oil drain conical plug (15), and the oil drain conical plug (15) is in sealing contact with the inside of the oil drain ring (14); A second spring (16), wherein the second spring (16) is fixedly mounted on one end of each of the oil drain cylinders (6) away from the negative pressure cylinder (5), and the second spring (16) is fixedly connected to one end of the oil drain conical plug (15) away from the negative pressure cylinder (5).

6. The gearbox for a turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: The negative pressure oil suction part comprises: A pressure rod (17), the top of each negative pressure cylinder (5) is slidably and sealingly mounted with the pressure rod (17); A piston (18) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of each of the pressure rods (17), and the piston (18) slides and seals with the inside of the negative pressure cylinder (5).

7. The gearbox for a turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reciprocating transmission assembly comprises: A transmission gear (19), the transmission gear (19) being rotatably mounted inside the upper gear box (2), the transmission gear (19) being meshed with the driving gear (4); A driven gear (20), the driven gear (20) being rotatably mounted inside the upper gear box (2), the driven gear (20) being meshed with the transmission gear (19); A reciprocating pusher, the reciprocating pusher being installed inside the upper gear box (2) and used for pushing the pressure rod (17) to perform reciprocating motion; A driving part, the driving part is installed on the driven gear (20) and is used to drive the reciprocating driving part to move reciprocatingly.

8. The gearbox for a turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reciprocating driving part comprises: A slide (21), wherein two slides (21) are symmetrically and fixedly mounted inside the upper gear box (2), and the two slides (21) are arranged in parallel; A pushing frame (22) is fixedly slidably installed between the two slide frames (21), and the pushing frame (22) is fixedly connected to the top ends of the two pressure rods (17).

9. The gearbox for a turning-milling composite machining center according to claim 8, characterized in that: The driving unit comprises: A slide groove (23), wherein the slide groove (23) is provided on a side of the push frame (22) close to the driven gear (20); A shifting rod (24) is eccentrically and fixedly mounted on the end of the driven gear (20), and the shifting rod (24) is slidably matched with the sliding groove (23).

10. The gearbox for a turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 9, characterized in that: The distance between the highest position of the lever (24) and the lowest position of the lever (24) is the stroke of the piston (18), and the distance between the inner top walls of the two negative pressure cylinders (5) and the connection position of the oil discharge cylinder (6) is greater than the stroke of the piston (18).

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