Method for monitoring scouring depth of bridge foundation

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for monitoring the scouring depth of a bridge foundation, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, mounting bridge hoops around a bridge pier above the water level of river water through fixing gaskets; then, a detection rod is vertically inserted into the riverbed along a lowering hole of the bridge hoop, and the conductive head is exposed out of the detection rod by pulling the pull rod upwards; secondly, a measurer connected with the conductive head through a wire is installed on the bridge surface; and finally, starting the measurer for power supply and data acquisition, and calculating the depth of the scour pit according to the change of the apparent resistivity of the media where the conductive heads with different depths are located. The device has the advantages that the measurement principle of a high-density electrical method is utilized, real-time monitoring of the scouring depth of the bridge foundation is achieved by arranging the bridge hoop, the detection rod, the measurer and the like, and the device has the advantages of being easy and convenient to operate, high in accuracy, high in real-time performance and the like and is suitable for monitoring various bridge foundation scouring conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridge monitoring, and particularly relates to a method for monitoring the scour depth of bridge foundations. Background Art

[0002] During the long-term use of bridge foundations, especially in water environments such as rivers and lakes, they are easily affected by water flow scouring, resulting in the loss of soil around the foundation and the formation of scour pits. This phenomenon not only weakens the bearing capacity of the bridge foundation, but may also cause the bridge pier to tilt or even collapse, seriously threatening the safety and service life of the bridge. Therefore, it is of great significance to monitor the scour depth of bridge foundations in real time.

[0003] Traditional methods for monitoring bridge foundation scour mainly include manual measurement and sensor monitoring. Manual measurement usually relies on regular diving or underwater photography inspections. This method is not only inefficient but also poses a relatively high safety risk. Although sensor monitoring can provide relatively accurate data, its installation is complex, the cost is high, and it requires frequent maintenance. In addition, existing sensor monitoring devices often cannot achieve precise measurement of different-depth media, making it difficult to meet the actual engineering requirements. To overcome the above problems, some improvement schemes have been proposed in the prior art. For example, by arranging multiple fixed sensors around the bridge foundation to monitor the scour situation in a local area, but these methods still have certain limitations, such as limited monitoring range and complex data processing. In addition, traditional monitoring methods are difficult to provide effective early warning information in the face of sudden floods or other extreme weather, thus increasing the risk of bridge accidents.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a method for monitoring the scour depth of bridge foundations that is simple to operate, highly accurate, and has strong real-time performance to improve the safety and reliability of bridges. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method for monitoring the scour depth of bridge foundations.

[0006] This method for monitoring the scour depth of bridge foundations includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Install a bridge hoop on the bridge pier above the river water level;

[0008] Step 2: Vertically insert a detection rod into the riverbed along the lowering hole of the bridge hoop, and pull up the pull rod inside the detection rod to expose the conductive head connected to the pull rod outside the detection rod;

[0009] Step 3: Install a measuring device on the bridge deck, and connect the measuring device to the conductive head through a wire;

[0010] Step 4: Start the measurer to collect data, and calculate the scouring pit depth according to the apparent resistivity change of the medium where the conductive heads are located at different depths.

[0011] As a preselection, in Step 1, the bridge hoop further includes fixing gaskets; the bridge hoop is a multi-layer ring structure, each layer of the ring structure includes several turns of ring plates, each turn of ring plate includes several arc-shaped plates, connecting plates are connected to both ends of the arc-shaped plates, and the connecting plates of adjacent arc-shaped plates are fixed into a ring through connecting bolts, and connecting bridges are connected between adjacent turns of ring plates; limiting pins and lowering holes are uniformly arranged on the bridge hoop; the fixing gaskets are evenly distributed on the inner ring of the bridge hoop and fit on the surface of the pier.

[0012] As a preference, in Step 2, the detection rod further includes conductive heads, connecting rods, detection heads, pull rods and detection rod walls; the detection head is a conical structure and is arranged at the bottom of the detection rod; both the pull rod and the connecting rod are hollow structures, the pull rod and the connecting rod are arranged inside the detection rod, and several conductive heads are respectively connected through the connecting rod and the pull rod; wall holes are uniformly opened on the detection rod wall; the conductive heads are arranged in the wall holes.

[0013] As a preference, in Step 2, the connecting rod is respectively hinged to the pull rod and the conductive head; before the detection rod is inserted into the riverbed, the connecting rod is in an inclined state and the conductive head is in the wall hole; after the detection rod is inserted into the riverbed, by pulling up the pull rod, the connecting rod is pulled into a horizontal state, and the conductive head is pushed out of the wall hole outside the detection rod wall.

[0014] As a preference, in Step 3, the wire is connected to the conductive head, the wire sequentially penetrates through the connecting rod and the pull rod, and the wire is arranged along the pier until it is connected to the measurer.

[0015] As a preference, in Step 4, the measurer includes a data processing module for real-time processing of apparent resistivity data and calculation of the scouring pit depth. The data processing module is provided with a threshold value, and when the scouring pit depth exceeds the preset threshold value, an alarm signal is automatically triggered.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1) By installing a bridge hoop around the pier, inserting a detection rod vertically through the lowering hole to the riverbed, and the pull rod is arranged inside the detection rod to facilitate positioning of the conductive head, avoiding collision and conflict with other components, the operation process is simplified.

[0018] 2) A measurer connected to the conductive head through a wire is installed at the bridge deck. The data processing module of the measurer can process the apparent resistivity data in real time and calculate the scouring pit depth; the measurer also has an alarm function. When the scouring depth exceeds the preset threshold value, an alarm signal is automatically triggered to ensure timely discovery of abnormal situations and improve the real-time performance and reliability of the system.

[0019] 3) The present invention utilizes the measurement principle of the high-density electrical method, which can dynamically adjust the number and size of the bridge hoops, detection rods, and conductive heads to achieve full-coverage and precise measurement of the scouring pit area and obtain complete scouring pit depth data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the bridge foundation scouring depth monitoring;

[0021] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the bridge hoop installation;

[0022] Figure 3 is a top view of the bridge hoop installation;

[0023] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the bridge hoop;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram before the installation of the built-in conductive head of the detection rod: where Figure 5a is a cross-sectional view; Figure 5b is a plan view;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram after the installation of the built-in conductive head of the detection rod: where Figure 6a is a cross-sectional view; Figure 6b plan view.

[0026] Description of the reference numerals: 100 - riverbed, 101 - scouring pit, 102 - wire, 103 - bridge pier, 104 - bridge deck, 105 - main beam, 106 - measuring device, 107 - capping beam, 200 - bridge pier hoop, 201 - limit pin, 202 - lowering hole, 203 - connecting bolt, 204 - fixing gasket, 205 - connecting plate, 206 - connecting bridge, 300 - detection rod, 301 - conductive head, 302 - connecting rod, 303 - detection head, 304 - pulling rod, 305 - detection rod wall, 306 - wall hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. The description of the following embodiments is only for helping to understand the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several modifications can still be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] As an embodiment, a method for monitoring the scouring depth of a bridge foundation is proposed, including the following steps:

[0030] Step 1. Install the bridge hoop 200 on the pier 103 above the river water level; the bridge hoop 200 further includes fixing gaskets 204; the bridge hoop 200 is a multi-layer annular structure, each layer of the annular structure includes several rings of ring plates, each ring of ring plates includes several arc-shaped plates, connecting plates 205 are connected to both ends of the arc-shaped plates, and the connecting plates 205 of adjacent arc-shaped plates are fixed into a ring through connecting bolts 203, and a connecting bridge 206 is connected between adjacent rings of ring plates; limiting pins 201 and lowering holes 202 are evenly arranged on the bridge hoop 200; the fixing gaskets 204 are evenly distributed on the inner ring of the bridge hoop 200 and are attached to the surface of the pier 103.

[0031] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, around the pier 103 above the river water level, first ensure that the surface of the pier is clean without debris and the river water level is at a safe level, and prepare the bridge hoop 200, fixing gaskets 204, connecting bolts 203, limiting pins 201, connecting plates 205 and connecting bridges 206. According to the actual size of the pier, assemble the bridge hoop 200 into a multi-layer annular structure, evenly arrange the limiting pins 201 and lowering holes 202, and assemble them into a ring through the connecting plates 205, connecting bolts 203 and connecting bridges 206.

[0032] Subsequently, surround the assembled bridge hoop 200 around the pier 103, conduct preliminary positioning through the fixing gaskets 204, and tightly connect its various parts using the connecting bolts 203 to ensure that the entire hoop structure is stable and reliable and completely fits the outer wall of the pier. Finally, check the installation situation to ensure that all components are correctly installed without any defects, especially the positions of the limiting pins 201 and lowering holes 202 are accurate to ensure the smooth installation of the subsequent detection rod 300.

[0033] By installing the bridge hoop around the pier, vertically inserting the detection rod into the riverbed through the lowering hole, and the detection rod is internally provided with a pull rod to facilitate positioning the conductive head, avoiding collision conflicts with other components, which simplifies the operation process.

[0034] Step 2. Vertically insert the detection rod 300 into the riverbed 100 along the lowering holes 202 of the bridge hoop 200, and pull up the pull rod 304 inside the detection rod 300 to expose the conductive head 301 connected to the pull rod 304 outside the detection rod 300;

[0035] Step 3. Install the measuring device 106 at the bridge deck 104, and connect the measuring device 106 to the conductive head 301 through a wire 102;

[0036] Step 4. Start the measuring device 106 to collect data, and calculate the depth of the scour pit 101 according to the change in the apparent resistivity of the medium where the conductive head 301 is located at different depths.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] As another embodiment, this second embodiment is proposed based on the first embodiment. A more specific method for monitoring the scour depth of a bridge foundation includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Install a bridge hoop (200) on the pier (103) above the river water level;

[0040] Step 2: Vertically insert a detection rod (300) into the riverbed (100) along the lowering hole (202) of the bridge hoop (200). Pull up the pull rod (304) inside the detection rod (300) to expose the conductive head (301) connected to the pull rod (304) outside the detection rod (300). The detection rod (300) further includes a conductive head (301), a connecting rod (302), a detection head (303), a pull rod (304), and a detection rod wall (305). The detection head (303) is a conical structure and is provided at the bottom of the detection rod (300). The pull rod (304) and the connecting rod (302) are both hollow structures. The pull rod (304) and the connecting rod (302) are provided inside the detection rod (300). Several conductive heads (301) are respectively connected through the connecting rod (302) and the pull rod (304). Wall holes (306) are evenly formed on the detection rod wall (305). The conductive head (301) is provided in the wall hole (306).

[0041] The connecting rod (302) is respectively hinged to the pull rod (304) and the conductive head (301). Before the detection rod (300) is inserted into the riverbed (100), the connecting rod (302) is in an inclined state and the conductive head (301) is in the wall hole (306). After the detection rod (300) is inserted into the riverbed (100), by pulling up the pull rod (304), the connecting rod (302) is driven to be in a horizontal state, and the conductive head (301) is pushed out of the wall hole (306) and exposed outside the detection rod wall (305).

[0042] As shown in FIGS. 5 to 6, during installation, the detection rod (300) is vertically inserted along the lowering hole (202) on the bridge hoop (200). The detection head (303) with a conical structure is provided at the bottom of the detection rod (300), which is convenient for smoothly penetrating the riverbed surface. The detection rod (300) internally includes a hollow connecting rod (302) and a pull rod (304). The conductive head (301) is located in the wall hole (306) and is protected in the unused state. When the detection rod (300) is completely inserted into the riverbed (100) to reach the predetermined depth, the operator pulls up the pull rod (304). Through the hinge design of the connecting rod (302), the conductive head (301) is disengaged from the wall hole (306) and exposed outside the detection rod (300). At this time, the conductive head (301) is in a working state and is ready to be connected to the subsequent measuring device (106). During the whole process, ensure that the detection rod (300) is vertically and stably inserted into the riverbed and the conductive head (301) is correctly exposed.

[0043] Step 3: Install a measuring device (106) at the bridge deck (104). The measuring device (106) is connected to the conductive head (301) through a wire (102);

[0044] Step 4: Start the measurer 106 to collect data, and calculate the depth of the scour pit 101 based on the apparent resistivity change of the medium where the conductive head 301 is located at different depths.

[0045] It should be noted that the same or similar parts in this embodiment and Embodiment 1 can be referred to each other, and will not be elaborated in this application.

[0046] Embodiment 3

[0047] As another embodiment, this Embodiment 3 is proposed on the basis of Embodiment 1, and a more specific method for monitoring the scour depth of bridge foundations includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Install a bridge hoop (200) on the pier (103) above the river water level;

[0049] Step 2: Vertically insert a detection rod (300) into the riverbed (100) along the lowering hole (202) of the bridge hoop (200), and pull up the pull rod (304) inside the detection rod (300) to expose the conductive head (301) connected to the pull rod (304) outside the detection rod (300);

[0050] Step 3: Install a measurer 106 at the bridge deck 104, and connect the measurer 106 to the conductive head 301 through a wire 102; the wire 102 is connected to the conductive head 301, and the wire 102 sequentially penetrates through the connecting rod 302 and the pull rod 304, and the wire 102 is arranged along the pier 103 until it is connected to the measurer 106.

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, during the installation process, first fix the measurer 106 at the selected position and firmly install it on the bridge deck 104 using fasteners. Subsequently, lead out the wire 102 from the pull rod 304 and the connecting rod 302 inside the detection rod 300 to ensure reliable connection between the wire 102 and the conductive head 301. The wire 102 is laid along the surface of the pier 103 and neatly arranged using appropriate fixing devices to prevent line failures caused by external interference or mechanical damage. The wire 102 is finally connected to the measurer 106 on the bridge deck 104, and a dedicated interface is used to ensure a firm and well-sealed connection to prevent moisture and other impurities from entering and affecting the measurement accuracy. After all connections are completed, carefully check the routing path of the wire 102 and the firmness of each connection point to ensure that there are no loose or poor contact situations. Start the measurer 106 for a preliminary test to confirm normal signal transmission between the conductive head 301 and the measurer 106.

[0052] Install a measurer connected to the conductive head through a wire at the bridge deck. The data processing module of the measurer can process the apparent resistivity data in real time and calculate the depth of the scour pit. The measurer also has an alarm function. When the scour depth exceeds the preset threshold, an alarm signal is automatically triggered to ensure timely detection of abnormal situations, improving the real-time performance and reliability of the system.

[0053] Step 4: Start the measurer (106) to collect data, and calculate the depth of the scour pit (101) based on the change in the apparent resistivity of the medium where the conductive head (301) is located at different depths.

[0054] It should be noted that the same or similar parts in this embodiment and Embodiment 1 can be referred to each other and will not be elaborated in this application.

[0055] Embodiment 4

[0056] As another embodiment, this Embodiment 4 is proposed based on Embodiment 1. A more specific method for monitoring the scour depth of bridge foundations includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Install a bridge hoop (200) on the pier (103) above the river water level.

[0058] Step 2: Vertically insert a detection rod (300) into the riverbed (100) along the lowering hole (202) of the bridge hoop (200), and pull up the pull rod (304) inside the detection rod (300) to expose the conductive head (301) connected to the pull rod (304) outside the detection rod (300).

[0059] Step 3: Install a measurer (106) at the bridge deck (104), and connect the measurer (106) to the conductive head (301) through a wire (102).

[0060] Step 4: Start the measurer 106 to collect data, and calculate the depth of the scour pit 101 based on the change in the apparent resistivity of the medium where the conductive head 301 is located at different depths. The measurer 106 includes a data processing module for processing the apparent resistivity data in real time and calculating the depth of the scour pit 101. The data processing module is provided with a threshold value. When the depth of the scour pit 101 exceeds the preset threshold value, an alarm signal is automatically triggered.

[0061] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, first, start the measurer 106 at the bridge deck 104, power it on and perform preliminary settings. Set the required parameters through the operation interface of the measurer 106, including sampling frequency, data storage format, alarm threshold, etc. The built-in data processing module of the measurer 106 starts to work, and real-time collects the apparent resistivity data from the conductive head 301. By comparing the apparent resistivity data at different depths, the specific depth of the scour pit 101 is calculated. When it is detected that the scour depth exceeds the preset safety threshold, the system will automatically trigger an alarm signal. After completing the monitoring and measurement, the operator can export the data through the output interface of the measurer 106 for further detailed analysis and report generation.

[0062] Using the measurement principle of the high-density electrical method, the number and size of the bridge hoops, detection rods, and conductive heads can be dynamically adjusted to achieve full-coverage and accurate measurement of the scour pit area, and complete scour pit depth data can be obtained.

[0063] It should be noted that the same or similar parts in this embodiment and the first embodiment can be referred to each other, and will not be elaborated in this application.

[0064] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

Claims

1. A bridge foundation scour depth monitoring method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Install bridge clamps on the bridge piers above the river water level; Step 2: vertically insert the probe rod into the riverbed along the lowering hole of the bridge hoop, and pull the pull rod inside the probe rod upward to expose the conductive head connected to the pull rod outside the probe rod; Step 3: Install a measuring device on the bridge deck, and connect the measuring device to the conductive head through a wire; Step 4: Start the measuring device to collect data, and calculate the depth of the scour pit according to the change in apparent resistivity of the medium where the conductive head is located at different depths.

2. The bridge foundation scour depth monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step one, the bridge hoop also includes a fixed gasket; the bridge hoop is a multi-layer annular structure, each layer of the annular structure includes several circles of ring plates, each circle of ring plates includes several arc plates, both ends of the arc plates are connected with connecting plates, the connecting plates of adjacent arc plates are fixed into a ring by connecting bolts, and connecting bridges are connected between adjacent ring plates; limit pins and lowering holes are evenly distributed on the bridge hoop; the fixed gaskets are evenly distributed on the inner ring of the bridge hoop and fit on the surface of the pier.

3. The bridge foundation scour depth monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the detection rod also includes a conductive head, a connecting rod, a detection head, a pull-out rod and a detection rod wall; the detection head is a conical structure and is arranged at the bottom of the detection rod; the pull-out rod and the connecting rod are both hollow structures, the pull-out rod and the connecting rod are arranged inside the detection rod, and several conductive heads are connected by the connecting rod and the pull-out rod respectively; wall holes are evenly opened on the wall of the detection rod; the conductive head is arranged in the wall hole.

4. The bridge foundation scour depth monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step two, the connecting rod is hingedly connected to the pull rod and the conductive head respectively; before the detection rod is inserted into the riverbed, the connecting rod is in an oblique state and the conductive head is in the wall hole; after the detection rod is inserted into the riverbed, the pull rod is pulled upward to pull the connecting rod into a horizontal state, pushing the conductive head out of the wall hole to expose the outside of the detection rod wall.

5. The bridge foundation scour depth monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step three, the wire is connected to the conductive head, the wire passes through the connecting rod and the pull rod in sequence, and the wire is arranged along the pier until it is connected to the measuring device.

6. The bridge foundation scour depth monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4, the measuring device includes a data processing module for real-time processing of apparent resistivity data and calculation of scour pit depth. The data processing module is provided with a threshold value. When the scour pit depth exceeds the preset threshold value, an alarm signal is automatically triggered.

7. Bridge foundation scour depth monitoring device, characterized in that: Applicable to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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