Tunnel construction deformation detection device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel detection, and specifically discloses a tunnel construction deformation detection device, comprising a rail car, a scissor-type lift fixedly provided on the load-bearing frame of the rail car, a mounting platform fixedly provided horizontally on the lifting platform at the upper end of the scissor-type lift, a self-locking deceleration mechanism symmetrically provided on the two edges of the mounting platform facing the forward direction, a fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism symmetrically provided on the two edges of the mounting platform facing away from the forward direction, the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms being arranged in an interlaced manner, an adaptive circle center positioning mechanism provided on the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms, a marker point clamping and laying mechanism provided on the adaptive circle center positioning mechanism, and a detection guide mechanism provided on the marker point clamping and laying mechanism. The present invention can realize the rapid and accurate positioning of the center of the tunnel, and based on the accurately positioned center of the circle, in conjunction with the benchmark point laying mechanism, can quickly and batch lay benchmark points.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel detection, and in particular relates to a tunnel construction deformation detection device. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel construction is a crucial component of infrastructure development, and its safety and stability are directly linked to the safety of people's lives and property, as well as socioeconomic development. With the acceleration of urbanization, subway tunnels, as a core component of urban rail transit, are experiencing continuous advancements in construction technology. However, due to complex geological conditions and harsh construction environments, subway tunnels are prone to deformation and even collapse during construction, making deformation detection crucial.

[0003] The upper section of a subway tunnel is typically circular. This is primarily due to the shield tunneling method used in subway tunnel construction. The shield machine (TBM) is a cylindrical excavation machine, so the tunnel cross-section matches the shape of the machine. The circular cross-section also offers excellent stress-bearing properties, evenly distributing ground pressure, improving tunnel stability and effectively preventing deformation and collapse.

[0004] Monitoring deformation of subway tunnels is particularly important between the completion of construction and their official operation. This monitoring data can be used to verify construction quality. For example, an initial geometric state database can be established as a benchmark for subsequent monitoring. Common monitoring methods include establishing benchmark points for monitoring, such as setting fixed points on the tunnel wall and regularly measuring the distance and position changes between these points to determine the tunnel's deformation. However, this current technical solution still has some shortcomings.

[0005] Selecting the center of a circle as a reference point for monitoring offers significant advantages. The center of a circle is the geometric center of the tunnel cross-section, and its position is uniquely determined, effectively minimizing the influence of human error and improving monitoring accuracy. Furthermore, using the center of a circle as a reference allows for easier calculation and analysis of tunnel deformation, such as cross-sectional ovalization, localized bulges, or depressions. However, the current lack of a device capable of precisely locating the center of a tunnel limits its practical application as an optimal reference point.

[0006] Existing methods for establishing benchmark points usually require manual measurement and positioning one by one, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. Especially in the case of long subway lines, the establishment of each benchmark point is very time-consuming, affecting the overall detection efficiency and making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale, high-frequency detection. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the above situation, the present invention provides a tunnel construction deformation detection device that can quickly and accurately locate the center of the tunnel, eliminate human errors, and based on the accurately located center, cooperate with the benchmark laying mechanism to quickly and batch lay benchmarks, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a tunnel construction deformation detection device, including a rail car, a scissor-type lift is fixedly provided on the load-bearing frame of the rail car, a mounting platform is horizontally fixed on the lifting platform at the upper end of the scissor-type lift, the two edges of the mounting platform facing the forward direction are symmetrically provided with self-locking deceleration mechanisms, the two edges of the mounting platform facing away from the forward direction are symmetrically provided with fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms, the self-locking deceleration mechanism is coordinated and connected with the fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism facing it, the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms are staggered, and the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms are provided with self-locking deceleration mechanisms. Adaptive circle center positioning mechanism, the adaptive circle center positioning mechanism is equipped with a marking point clamping and laying mechanism, the marking point clamping and laying mechanism is equipped with a detection guide mechanism, the self-locking deceleration mechanism is used to adjust the distance measuring angle of the fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism and self-lock it, the fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism preliminarily locates the center of the tunnel section through distance measurement, the adaptive circle center positioning mechanism realizes the final positioning of the center of the tunnel section, the marking point clamping and laying mechanism is used to lay and fix the marking point used to locate the center of the circle, and the detection guide mechanism is used to perform long-term detection of the tunnel section.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a first mounting rod and a first laser rangefinder. The rotating shaft passes through the two horizontal edges of the mounting platform, and the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the forward direction of the rail vehicle. The center of the first mounting rod is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft. Sliding columns are symmetrically and vertically fixed on two edges of one side of the first mounting rod. One end of the axis of the sliding column points to the inner wall of the tunnel. The sliding column is perpendicular to the rotating shaft. The first laser rangefinder is symmetrically fixed on two edges of the side of the first mounting rod facing away from the sliding column. The ranging axis of the first laser rangefinder coincides with the axis of the adjacent sliding column. The display screen of the first laser rangefinder faces the self-locking deceleration mechanism, and the ends of the two sliding columns are jointly fixed with a second mounting rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the adaptive center positioning mechanism includes two follower rings, each follower ring is located in the middle of the two sliding columns on each fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism, the axis center line of the follower ring is parallel to the axis center line of the rotating shaft, and support rods are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the follower ring, and a sliding tube is fixed at one end of the support rod. The two sliding tubes connected to the same follower ring are tightly sleeved on the two sliding columns of the same fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism, and a follower shaft is tightly provided in the two follower rings. The follower shaft is coaxially engaged and rotatably connected with the two follower rings, and a positioning shaft is coaxially fixed on the end of the follower shaft facing away from the scissors-type lift.

[0011] Furthermore, the self-locking reduction mechanism includes a casing, which is fixed on the mounting platform. A worm wheel and a worm are provided in the casing, and the worm wheel and the worm are both engaged and rotatably connected with the casing. The worm wheel is meshed with the worm, and one end of the worm passes through the casing and is coaxially fixed with a handwheel. The handwheel is located on both horizontal sides of the mounting platform, and the worm wheel is coaxially fixed with a rotating shaft passing through the casing.

[0012] Furthermore, the marking point clamping and laying mechanism includes a positioning ring, which can be tightly mounted on the positioning shaft, a lifting rod is fixed on the lower side of the positioning ring, a hollow rod is tightly mounted on the outer side of the lower part of the lifting rod, a vise is fixed on the lower end of the hollow rod, and a locking knob is provided on one side of the upper part of the hollow rod, and the locking knob can contact the lifting rod when the thread of the hollow rod moves.

[0013] Furthermore, the vise clamp includes a fixed base and a screw, the upper side of the fixed base is fixedly connected to the hollow rod, a fixed clamp is fixedly provided on the lower side of one end of the fixed base, and a movable clamp is slidably engaged with the lower side of the other end of the fixed base. One end of the screw is threaded through the fixed base and engaged with the movable clamp for rotation. When the movable clamp and the fixed clamp are close to each other, they can be tightly attached to both sides of the sleeper.

[0014] Furthermore, the detection guide mechanism includes an insert ring, a limit groove and a limit strip, the insert ring can be tightly inserted into the positioning ring, the thickness of the insert ring is greater than the thickness of the positioning ring, the limit groove is opened on the inner wall surface of the positioning ring along a direction parallel to the axis of the positioning ring, the limit strip is opened on the outer wall surface of the insert ring along a direction parallel to the axis of the insert ring, the limit strip can be tightly inserted into the limit groove, the outer wall of the insert ring is fixed with a positioning block and a circular groove in sequence along a direction parallel to the axis of the insert ring, a compression spring is fixed in the circular groove, a limit column is fixed at one end of the compression spring, the positioning block and When one side of the positioning ring is in close contact, the hemispherical end edge of the limit column is in close contact with the other side of the positioning ring, and a clamping shaft is provided in the insert ring for engagement and rotation. A second laser rangefinder is coaxially fixed at one end of the clamping shaft. The second laser rangefinder is arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a pointer is vertically fixed at the edge of the end of the second laser rangefinder that is in close contact with the insert ring. An angle scale value is marked on the edge of the end of the insert ring that is in close contact with the second laser rangefinder. A ranging hole is opened on the side of the second laser rangefinder, and the axis of the ranging hole points vertically to the extension line of the axis of the insert ring, and the axis of the ranging hole is parallel to the central axis of the pointer.

[0015] Furthermore, an extension block is fixedly provided on one edge of the mounting platform on the side facing away from the self-locking speed reduction mechanism, the extension block is penetrated by the rotating shaft, one of the first mounting rods is in close contact with the extension block, and the other first mounting rod is in close contact with the mounting platform.

[0016] Furthermore, the follower ring is located below the mounting platform.

[0017] Furthermore, the scissor lift is driven by a rocker-type thread to achieve lifting.

[0018] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0019] (1) The fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism in the present invention measures the distance to the inner wall of the tunnel respectively through the first laser rangefinder. When the two distances are equal, a diameter line passing through the center of the circle is determined. The two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms arranged in an interlaced manner respectively determine two diameter lines, and their intersection is the center of the circle. The adaptive center positioning mechanism cleverly uses the follower ring and the follower shaft to capture the intersection of the two diameter lines in real time, thereby accurately locating the center of the circle. This mechanism avoids manual measurement and calculation, eliminates human errors, significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of center positioning, and solves the problem of the lack of accurate tunnel center positioning devices in the prior art. Compared with the traditional benchmark point establishment method, the present invention can quickly and automatically determine the center position, which is particularly suitable for deformation monitoring of long-distance subway tunnels, greatly shortening the detection time and improving the detection efficiency.

[0020] (2) The marking point clamping and laying mechanism of the present invention comprises a positioning ring, a lifting rod, a hollow rod and a vise clamp, which can realize the rapid fixed laying of the marking point. The present invention uses the center of the circle that has been accurately positioned as a reference, and fixes the positioning ring on the rail sleeper through the vise clamp through the marking point clamping and laying mechanism. The mechanism is simple to operate. It only needs to adjust the height, tighten the locking knob, and clamp the sleeper with the vise clamp to complete the laying of the marking point. This automated laying method avoids tedious manual operations and greatly improves the efficiency of benchmark point laying. It is particularly suitable for large-scale and high-frequency detection needs, and effectively solves the problem of low benchmark point laying efficiency in the prior art.

[0021] (3) The detection and guidance mechanism of the present invention can realize long-term comparative detection of tunnel cross sections. By inserting the insert ring into the positioning ring and using the second laser rangefinder to align with the preset angle, the distance to a specific point on the inner wall of the tunnel can be accurately measured. By regularly measuring the distances at multiple fixed angles corresponding to the same mark point, data at different periods can be obtained, thereby realizing long-term tracking and comparative analysis of the deformation of the tunnel cross section. This provides reliable data support for evaluating the long-term stability of the tunnel and predicting potential risks, further improving the safety of tunnel construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between a tunnel construction deformation detection device and the tunnel position proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2This is a first three-dimensional structural diagram of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a second three-dimensional structural diagram of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the positional relationship between the installation platform and the self-locking speed reduction mechanism of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the positional relationship between the self-locking deceleration mechanism and the fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of part A;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part B;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the positional relationship between a detection guide mechanism and a positioning ring of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the positional relationship between the detection guide mechanism and the positioning ring of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part C in the middle;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a working principle diagram of a tunnel construction deformation detection device proposed by the present invention.

[0033] Among them, 1. Rail car, 2. Scissor lift, 3. Mounting platform, 31. Extension block, 4. Self-locking speed reduction mechanism, 41. Housing, 42. Worm, 43. Worm gear, 44. Handwheel, 5. Fixed axis distance measurement mechanism, 51. Rotating shaft, 52. First mounting rod, 53. Sliding column, 54. Second mounting rod, 55. First laser rangefinder, 6. Adaptive center positioning mechanism, 61. Follower ring, 62. Support rod, 63. Sliding tube, 64. Follower shaft, 65. Positioning shaft, 7. Standard Point clamping and laying mechanism, 71. Vise clamp, 711. Fixed seat, 712. Fixed pliers, 713. Movable pliers, 714. Screw, 72. Hollow rod, 73. Lifting rod, 74. Locking knob, 75. Positioning ring, 8. Detection guide mechanism, 81. Insert ring, 82. Limit groove, 83. Limit strip, 84. Positioning block, 85. Round groove, 851. Compression spring, 852. Limit column, 86. Card shaft, 87. Second laser rangefinder, 88. Distance measuring hole, 89. Pointer.

[0034] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11As shown, the present invention proposes a tunnel construction deformation detection device, including a rail car 1, a scissor-type lift 2 is fixedly provided on the load-bearing frame of the rail car 1, a mounting platform 3 is horizontally fixed on the lifting platform at the upper end of the scissor-type lift 2, self-locking deceleration mechanisms 4 are symmetrically provided on the two edges of the side of the mounting platform 3 facing the forward direction, fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms 5 are symmetrically provided on the two edges of the side of the mounting platform 3 facing away from the forward direction, the self-locking deceleration mechanism 4 is cooperated and connected with the opposite fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5, the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms 5 are staggered, and the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms 5 are provided with an adaptive center positioning mechanism 6, the adaptive center positioning mechanism 6 is equipped with a marking point clamping and laying mechanism 7, and the marking point clamping and laying mechanism 7 is equipped with a detection guide mechanism 8.

[0038] Among them, the fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5 includes a rotating shaft 51, a first mounting rod 52 and a first laser rangefinder 55. The rotating shaft 51 passes through the two horizontal edges of the mounting platform 3, and the axis of the rotating shaft 51 is parallel to the forward direction of the rail car 1. The middle part of the first mounting rod 52 is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 51. The two edges of one side of the first mounting rod 52 are symmetrically and vertically fixed with sliding columns 53. One end of the axis of the sliding column 53 points to the inner wall of the tunnel. The sliding column 53 is perpendicular to the rotating shaft 51. The two edges of the first mounting rod 52 on the side facing away from the sliding column 53 are symmetrically fixed with the first laser rangefinder 55. The ranging axis of the first laser rangefinder 55 coincides with the axis of the adjacent sliding column 53. The display screen of the first laser rangefinder 55 faces the self-locking deceleration mechanism 4, and the ends of the two sliding columns 53 are jointly fixed with a second mounting rod 54.

[0039] Among them, the adaptive circle center positioning mechanism 6 includes two follower rings 61, each follower ring 61 is located in the middle of the two sliding columns 53 on each fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5, the axis center line of the follower ring 61 is parallel to the axis center line of the rotating shaft 51, and support rods 62 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the follower ring 61. A sliding tube 63 is fixed at one end of the support rod 62. The two sliding tubes 63 connected to the same follower ring 61 are tightly sleeved on the two sliding columns 53 of the same fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5, and a follower shaft 64 is tightly provided in the two follower rings 61. The follower shaft 64 is coaxially engaged and rotatably connected with the two follower rings 61. A positioning shaft 65 is coaxially fixed on one end of the follower shaft 64 facing away from the scissor-type lift 2. In the above arrangement, the sliding of the sliding tube 63 on the sliding column 53 ensures that one fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5 will not hinder the rotation of another fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5.

[0040] Among them, the self-locking reduction mechanism 4 includes a casing 41, which is fixed on the mounting platform 3. A worm gear 43 and a worm 42 are provided in the casing 41. The worm gear 43 and the worm 42 are both engaged and rotatably connected with the casing 41. The worm gear 43 is meshed with the worm 42. One end of the worm 42 passes through the casing 41 and is coaxially fixed with a handwheel 44. The handwheel 44 is located on both horizontal sides of the mounting platform 3. The worm gear 43 is coaxially fixed with a rotating shaft 51 that passes through the casing 41. Through the above arrangement, rotating the handwheel 44 drives the worm 42 to rotate and then drives the worm gear 43 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the rotating shaft 51. Due to the cooperation relationship between the worm gear 43 and the worm 42, deceleration can be achieved, thereby accurately controlling the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 51 and realizing self-locking.

[0041] Among them, the marking point clamping and laying mechanism 7 includes a positioning ring 75, which can be tightly mounted on the positioning shaft 65, and a lifting rod 73 is fixed on the lower side of the positioning ring 75, and a hollow rod 72 is tightly mounted on the outer side of the lower part of the lifting rod 73, and a vise clamp 71 is fixed at the lower end of the hollow rod 72, and a locking knob 74 is provided on one side of the upper part of the hollow rod 72. The locking knob 74 and the hollow rod 72 can contact the lifting rod 73 when the locking knob 74 and the hollow rod 72 are threaded. Through the above settings, the lifting rod 73 slides relative to each other in the hollow rod 72 to achieve adjustment of the overall length of the two, and the length is fixed by the locking knob 74. Reasonable adjustment of the length enables the vise clamp 71 to contact the sleeper, and finally achieves overall fixation.

[0042] Among them, the vise clamp 71 includes a fixed seat 711 and a screw 714. The upper side of the fixed seat 711 is fixedly connected to the hollow rod 72. A fixed clamp 712 is fixed on the lower side of one end of the fixed seat 711, and a movable clamp 713 is slidably engaged on the lower side of the other end of the fixed seat 711. One end of the screw 714 is threaded through the fixed seat 711 and engaged with the movable clamp 713 for rotation. When the movable clamp 713 and the fixed clamp 712 are close to each other, they can be tightly attached to both sides of the sleeper. In this setting, by rotating the screw 714, the screw 714 is made to move forward in the fixed seat 711 and drive the movable clamp 713 close to the fixed clamp 712, and clamp the sleeper, and the vise clamp 71 is fixed to the sleeper through thread self-locking.

[0043] Among them, the detection guide mechanism 8 includes an insert ring 81, a limiting groove 82 and a limiting strip 83. The insert ring 81 can be tightly inserted into the positioning ring 75. The thickness of the insert ring 81 is greater than the thickness of the positioning ring 75. The limiting groove 82 is opened on the inner wall surface of the positioning ring 75 along a direction parallel to the axis of the positioning ring 75. The limiting strip 83 is opened on the outer wall surface of the insert ring 81 along a direction parallel to the axis of the insert ring 81. The limiting strip 83 can be tightly inserted into the limiting groove 82. The outer wall of the insert ring 81 is fixed with a positioning block 84 and a circular groove 85 in sequence along a direction parallel to the axis of the insert ring 81. A compression spring 851 is fixed in the circular groove 85. A limiting column 852 is fixed at one end of the compression spring 851. The positioning block When 84 is in close contact with one side of the positioning ring 75, the hemispherical end edge of the limit column 852 is in close contact with the other side of the positioning ring 75, and a card shaft 86 is provided in the plug-in ring 81 for engagement and rotation. A second laser rangefinder 87 is coaxially fixed at one end of the card shaft 86. The second laser rangefinder 87 is arranged in a cylindrical shape. A pointer 89 is fixed perpendicularly to the edge of the end of the second laser rangefinder 87 that is in close contact with the plug-in ring 81. An angle scale value is marked on the edge of the end of the plug-in ring 81 that is in close contact with the second laser rangefinder 87. A ranging hole 88 is opened on the side of the second laser rangefinder 87. The axis line of the ranging hole 88 points perpendicularly to the extension line of the axis of the plug-in ring 81, and the axis line of the ranging hole 88 is parallel to the central axis of the pointer 89.

[0044] Among them, an extension block 31 is fixedly provided on one edge of the side of the mounting platform 3 facing away from the self-locking speed reduction mechanism 4, and the extension block 31 is penetrated by the rotating shaft 51. One of the first mounting rods 52 is in close contact with the extension block 31, and the other first mounting rod 52 is in close contact with the mounting platform 3. By setting the extension block 31, the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms 5 can be staggered with each other.

[0045] Among them, the follower ring 61 is located below the installation platform 3. Under this setting, the positioning shaft 65 is always located below the installation platform 3 and moves, so that the height of the marking point clamping and laying mechanism 7 is reduced, making the marking point clamping and laying mechanism 7 more stable.

[0046] Among them, the scissor lift 2 adopts a rocker-type thread drive to achieve lifting and lowering, and does not require electric drive.

[0047] In specific use, when the tunnel construction is just completed and deformation has not occurred, the center positioning and marking laying work begins. The rail car 1 travels on the tunnel track and ensures that the self-locking deceleration mechanism 4 is located in front of the rail car 1 in the forward direction. When it moves to the position where positioning measurement is required, the rail car 1 is kept fixed by the braking device on the rail car 1. At this time, the projection of the positioning axis 65 on the ground should intersect with one of the sleepers. The lifting and lowering of the scissor lift 2 is manually controlled, and based on the experience of multiple measurement and positioning, it is ensured that the installation platform 3 is located The first laser rangefinder 55 is positioned above the center of the tunnel cross section, so as to ensure that the positioning shaft 65 below the mounting platform 3 is positioned on the center of the cross section. At this time, the hand wheel 44 is controlled to rotate, and the first mounting rod 52 is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft 51 through the worm 42, the worm gear 43 and the rotating shaft 51. Since the sliding column 53 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating shaft 51, and the ranging ray of the first laser rangefinder 55 is coaxially arranged with the sliding column 53, after the first laser rangefinder 55 is turned on, the first laser rangefinder 55 will point to the inner wall of the tunnel to start measuring the distance. Since the rotating shaft 51 is not aligned with the tunnel cross section, the first laser rangefinder 55 will point to the inner wall of the tunnel to start measuring the distance. The centers of the two distance measuring devices 55 coincide with each other, so the distances measured by the two first laser rangefinders 55 on the same fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5 are not necessarily equal. At the beginning, one distance is greater than the other distance, until the sliding column 53 rotates to a specific angle, the two distances are equal. If the sliding column 53 rotates again at this time, one distance will be smaller than the other distance. Therefore, the rotation angle of the sliding column 53 when the two distances are equal is the only definite value. According to the geometric relationship, at this angle, the parallel line at the middle position of the two sliding columns 53 will pass through the center of the tunnel cross section, that is, the parallel line is The diameter line of the tunnel section. Since the follower ring 61 is located in the middle of the two sliding columns 53, it can be concluded that the follower ring 61 is located on the diameter line of the tunnel section. Through the above steps, the other fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5 is adjusted to make the two distances of the other fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism 5 equal. At this time, the other follower ring 61 is also located on the diameter line of the tunnel section. Since the two follower rings 61 are coaxially overlapped through the follower shaft 64, the follower ring 61 is located on the intersection O of the two diameter lines. Therefore, the axis center of the follower ring 61 will coincide with the center of the tunnel section.

[0048] The positioning ring 75 is placed on the positioning shaft 65 and the placement position is reasonably determined so that the vise clamp 71 can face one of the sleepers. Unscrew the locking knob 74 so that the lower side of the fixing seat 711 can be close to the sleeper during the natural vertical descent of the hollow rod 72. Then tighten the locking knob 74 and lock the vise clamp 71 on the sleeper. At this time, the positioning ring 75 is fixed. After the rail car 1 moves forward, the positioning shaft 65 is separated from the positioning ring 75, and the next positioning ring 75 is fixed in the same way.

[0049] When long-term comparative testing is required during the period from the completion of the marking to the start of operation, for the positioning ring 75 at a specific position, the limit bar 83 is aligned with the limit groove 82, and the insert ring 81 is inserted into the positioning ring 75. The function of the limit groove 82 ensures that the scale reference on the insert ring 81 is always consistent, and the hemispherical end of the limit column 852 is pressed into the circular groove 85 by the positioning ring 75. When the positioning block 84 is against the positioning ring 75, the limit column 852 is pressed out by the compression spring 851 and its hemispherical end edge is pressed against the positioning ring 75, thereby temporarily fixing the insert ring 81. The second laser rangefinder 87 is rotated and the pointer 89 is adjusted to a specific angle to realize the detection of a specific point on the tunnel inner wall section. The distance is measured for multiple fixed angles of the same positioning ring 75 multiple times to obtain values at different periods, thereby realizing long-term comparative testing and obtaining the deformation of the specific tunnel section. Finally, all the structures fixed on the sleepers are removed before the subway is put into operation.

[0050] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0051] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

[0052] The present invention and its embodiments are described above. This description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, designs structures and embodiments similar to this technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction deformation detection device, comprising a rail vehicle (1), characterized in that: A scissor lift (2) is fixedly provided on the load-bearing frame of the rail vehicle (1), and a mounting platform (3) is horizontally fixedly provided on the lifting platform at the upper end of the scissor lift (2). Self-locking deceleration mechanisms (4) are symmetrically provided on two edges of the side of the mounting platform (3) facing the forward direction, and fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms (5) are symmetrically provided on two edges of the side of the mounting platform (3) facing away from the forward direction. The self-locking deceleration mechanism (4) is cooperatively connected with the fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism (5) facing the opposite side, and the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms (5) are arranged in a staggered manner. An adaptive center positioning mechanism (6) is provided on the two fixed-axis distance measuring mechanisms (5), and a marking point clamping and laying mechanism (7) is provided on the adaptive center positioning mechanism (6). A detection guide mechanism (8) is provided on the marking point clamping and laying mechanism (7). The fixed-axis distance measuring mechanism (5) comprises a rotating shaft (51), a first mounting rod (52) and a first laser distance measuring device (55); the rotating shaft (51) passes through two horizontal edges of the mounting platform (3); the center of the first mounting rod (52) is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft (51); two edges of one side of the first mounting rod (52) are symmetrically and vertically fixed with sliding columns (53); and the first laser distance measuring device (55) is symmetrically fixed to two edges of the side of the first mounting rod (52) facing away from the sliding column (53); The adaptive circle center positioning mechanism (6) comprises two follower rings (61), each follower ring (61) is located in the middle of two slide posts (53) on each fixed axis distance measuring mechanism (5), the axis of the follower ring (61) is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft (51), and support rods (62) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the follower ring (61), one end of the support rod (62) is fixed with a slide tube (63), and two slide tubes (63) connected to the same follower ring (61) are tightly sleeved on the two slide posts (53) of the same fixed axis distance measuring mechanism (5), and a follower shaft (64) is tightly provided in the two follower rings (61), and the follower shaft (64) is coaxially engaged and rotatably connected with the two follower rings (61), and a positioning shaft (65) is coaxially fixed on one end of the follower shaft (64) facing away from the scissor lift (2).

2. The tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the rotating shaft (51) is parallel to the forward direction of the rail vehicle (1), one end of the axis of the sliding column (53) points to the inner wall of the tunnel, the sliding column (53) is perpendicular to the rotating shaft (51), the ranging axis of the first laser rangefinder (55) coincides with the axis of the adjacent sliding column (53), the display screen of the first laser rangefinder (55) faces the self-locking speed reduction mechanism (4), and the ends of the two sliding columns (53) are fixed with a second mounting rod (54).

3. The tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-locking speed reduction mechanism (4) comprises a housing (41), the housing (41) being fixedly mounted on the mounting platform (3), a worm wheel (43) and a worm (42) being arranged in the housing (41), the worm wheel (43) and the worm (42) being engaged and rotatably connected with the housing (41), the worm wheel (43) being meshed and connected with the worm (42), one end of the worm (42) passing through the housing (41) and then being coaxially fixedly provided with a hand wheel (44), the hand wheel (44) being located on both horizontal sides of the mounting platform (3), and the worm wheel (43) being coaxially fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (51) passing through the housing (41).

4. The tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The marking point clamping and laying mechanism (7) comprises a positioning ring (75), the positioning ring (75) can be closely sleeved on the positioning shaft (65), a lifting rod (73) is fixedly provided on the lower side of the positioning ring (75), a hollow rod (72) is closely sleeved on the outer side of the lower part of the lifting rod (73), a vise clamp (71) is fixedly provided on the lower end of the hollow rod (72), and a locking knob (74) is provided on one side of the upper part of the hollow rod (72), and the locking knob (74) can contact the lifting rod (73) when the hollow rod (72) and the hollow rod (72) are threadedly moved.

5. The tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vise clamp (71) includes a fixed seat (711) and a screw rod (714), the upper side of the fixed seat (711) is fixedly connected to the hollow rod (72), a fixed clamp (712) is fixedly provided on the lower side of one end of the fixed seat (711), and a movable clamp (713) is slidably engaged on the lower side of the other end of the fixed seat (711), one end of the screw rod (714) is threadedly passed through the fixed seat (711) and is engaged and rotatably connected with the movable clamp (713), and the movable clamp (713) and the fixed clamp (712) can be closely attached to both sides of the sleeper when they are close to each other.

6. The tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The detection guide mechanism (8) includes an insert ring (81), a limiting groove (82) and a limiting strip (83), the insert ring (81) can be tightly inserted into the positioning ring (75), the thickness of the insert ring (81) is greater than the thickness of the positioning ring (75), the limiting groove (82) is opened on the inner wall surface of the positioning ring (75) along a direction parallel to the axis of the positioning ring (75), the limiting strip (83) is opened on the outer wall surface of the insert ring (81) along a direction parallel to the axis of the insert ring (81), the limiting strip (83) can be tightly inserted into the limiting groove (82), the outer wall of the insert ring (81) is fixed with a positioning block (84) and a circular groove (85) in sequence along a direction parallel to the axis of the insert ring (81), a compression spring (851) is fixed in the circular groove (85), and a limiting column (852) is fixed at one end of the compression spring (851), When the positioning block (84) is in close contact with one side of the positioning ring (75), the hemispherical end edge of the limiting column (852) is in close contact with the other side of the positioning ring (75). A clamping shaft (86) is provided in the inserting ring (81) for engagement and rotation. A second laser rangefinder (87) is coaxially fixed to one end of the clamping shaft (86). The second laser rangefinder (87) is cylindrically arranged. A pointer (89) is vertically fixed to the edge of one end of the second laser rangefinder (87) in close contact with the inserting ring (81). An angle scale value is marked on the edge of one end of the inserting ring (81) in close contact with the second laser rangefinder (87). A ranging hole (88) is provided on the side of the second laser rangefinder (87). The axis of the ranging hole (88) is perpendicular to the extended axis of the inserting ring (81). The axis of the ranging hole (88) is parallel to the central axis of the pointer (89).

7. The tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An extension block (31) is fixedly provided on one edge of the mounting platform (3) on the side facing away from the self-locking speed reduction mechanism (4), the extension block (31) being penetrated by a rotating shaft (51), one of the first mounting rods (52) being in close contact with the extension block (31), and the other first mounting rod (52) being in close contact with the mounting platform (3).

8. The tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The follower ring (61) is located below the mounting platform (3).

9. The tunnel construction deformation detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The scissor lift (2) is driven by a rocker-type thread to achieve lifting.

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