Fault slip measurement device based on artificial cavern condition and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault slip measurement device and method based on an artificial cavern condition, and the device comprises a downhole mechanism, the downhole mechanism comprises a rock stratum, the interior of the rock stratum is provided with a collection well and a measurement well, the interior of the rock stratum is provided with a fault zone, and the collection well and the measurement well are communicated with each other. According to the fault slip measurement device and method based on the artificial cavern condition, optical fiber sensor fault slip measurement and strain gauge sensor fault slip measurement can be carried out, and a plurality of plastic hoses which are in threaded butt joint are matched with a fixed seat and a measurement well to be used in a compatible and combined mode; according to the BOTDA technology based on the stimulated Brillouin scattering amplification effect, the influence of fault slippage on the whole large range of a rock stratum and an acquisition well can be measured through an optical fiber sensor, meanwhile, local strain data can be measured more accurately through a strain gauge sensor, and therefore the accuracy of fault slippage measurement data can be effectively improved, and the measurement accuracy is improved. And fault slip data information can be obtained more comprehensively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fault slip measurement, and particularly relates to a fault slip measurement device and a usage method under artificial cavern conditions. Background Art

[0002] With the extensive construction of underground gas storage, oil storage, and other underground energy storage facilities, the demand for artificial caverns is increasing day by day. However, the gas stored in artificial caverns is extremely vulnerable to the influence of fault slip under high-pressure conditions, resulting in gas leakage, reservoir damage, and even serious safety accidents. Fault slip is usually triggered by changes in in-situ stress, seismic activities, or human interventions (such as fracturing, drilling, blasting, etc.). When fault slip occurs, the rock mass structure will be displaced, leading to a redistribution of the surrounding rock stress field. Cracks or shear failures may appear on the inner wall of the cavern, and then form connected channels, allowing the stored gas to leak to the surface or other geological horizons along these channels, causing a decrease in reservoir pressure and storage efficiency.

[0003] Currently, for the problem of gas leakage in artificial caverns caused by fault slip, domestic and foreign research mainly focuses on geological modeling, numerical simulation, and monitoring and early warning. However, existing technologies have certain limitations in practical applications. First, geological modeling and numerical simulation are limited by the uncertainty of geological conditions and the complexity of model parameters, and it is difficult to accurately reflect the real-time dynamic process of fault slip. Second, existing monitoring methods mainly rely on methods such as seismic waves, microseismic monitoring, and strain gauge monitoring, but these methods mostly have monitoring blind spots and it is difficult to obtain high-precision fault slip data in complex fault systems. In addition, existing technologies have insufficient real-time response and data processing capabilities after fault slip occurs, and it is difficult to timely feedback the slip situation and then take effective leakage control measures.

[0004] The present invention provides a fault slip measurement device and method under artificial cavern conditions, aiming to solve the deficiencies of existing technologies in fault slip monitoring and leakage early warning. Through real-time monitoring of multiple parameters and data fusion analysis during the fault slip process, the present invention can effectively improve the accuracy and response speed of fault slip monitoring, providing a strong guarantee for the safety of artificial cavern storage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a fault slip measurement device and usage method under artificial cavern conditions with accurate and comprehensive data acquisition and effective and full utilization of space.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a fault slip measurement device based on artificial chamber conditions, including a downhole mechanism. The downhole mechanism includes a rock formation, and an artificial chamber, a measurement well and a fault zone are respectively formed inside the rock formation. The upper surface of the rock formation is fixedly connected with a measurement mechanism, and a connection well is formed on the upper surface of the rock formation. The connection well is communicated with the artificial chamber; the measurement mechanism includes a combined measurement unit, and the combined measurement unit is arranged inside the measurement well. The combined measurement unit can cooperate with the measurement well to measure the fault slip data of the rock formation; the measurement mechanism also includes a leakage detection unit, and the leakage detection unit is arranged inside the artificial chamber. The leakage detection unit can fill the artificial chamber with gas through the connection well for leakage detection; a sealing mechanism is arranged at the top of the combined measurement unit, and the sealing mechanism is used in cooperation with the measurement mechanism. The sealing mechanism is used for the gap between the leakage detection unit and the connection well.

[0007] Preferably, the combined measurement unit includes a bottom plate, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the rock formation. A plurality of plastic hoses are arranged inside the measurement well. One ends of the plurality of plastic hoses close to each other are connected by threads. The top end of one of the plastic hoses penetrates above the bottom plate. A plurality of fixing seats are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the plurality of plastic hoses. One side surfaces of the plurality of fixing seats are respectively fixedly connected with an optical fiber sensor and a strain gauge sensor. Cables are arranged inside the plurality of plastic hoses. One ends of the plurality of cables close to each other are electrically connected through a conductive slip ring. Each optical fiber sensor and strain gauge sensor is electrically connected to the cable through a wire. The top end of one of the cables is fixedly communicated with a connection plug. Fixing disks are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the plurality of plastic hoses. The inner walls of each fixing disk are fixedly connected with the outer surface of the cable.

[0008] Preferably, among the plurality of plastic hoses, an installation disk is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the plastic hose at the top. A plurality of installation bolts are threadedly connected inside the installation disk. The bottom ends of the installation bolts penetrate into the bottom plate to form a threaded connection.

[0009] Preferably, the leakage detection unit includes a connection plate. The bottom surface of the connection plate is in contact with the upper surface of the bottom plate. A connection cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connection plate. The bottom end of the connection cylinder penetrates through the connection plate and extends into the connection well. A first air filter is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connection plate. A first air supply pump is arranged on one side of the first air filter. The air inlet end of the first air supply pump is fixedly communicated with the air outlet end of the first air filter. The air outlet end of the first air supply pump is fixedly communicated with a first control valve. The other end of the first control valve is fixedly communicated with a connection pipe. A pressure gauge is fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the connection pipe. A second control valve is fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the connection pipe. The other end of the connection pipe is fixedly communicated with an air outlet pipe. The other end of the air outlet pipe penetrates through the connection cylinder and extends into the connection well.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of fixing bolts are threadedly connected inside the connection plate. The bottom ends of the fixing bolts all penetrate into the inside of the bottom plate, and the outer surfaces of the fixing bolts are all threadedly connected with the inner wall of the bottom plate.

[0011] Preferably, a support seat is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the first air supply pump. The cross section of the support seat is in an inverted "U" shape structure, and the bottom surface of the support seat is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom plate.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes a second air filter. The bottom surface of the second air filter is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom plate. A second air supply pump is arranged on one side of the second air filter. The air inlet end of the second air supply pump is fixedly communicated with the air outlet end of the second air filter. The air outlet end of the second air supply pump is fixedly communicated with a one-way valve. The other end of the one-way valve is fixedly communicated with a communicating pipe. A third control valve is fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the communicating pipe. A air supply pipe is arranged inside the connection cylinder. The other end of the communicating pipe is fixedly communicated with one end of the air supply pipe. Two stabilizing frames are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the air supply pipe. The outer surfaces of the two stabilizing frames are all fixedly connected with the inner wall of the connection cylinder. Two rubber air bags are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connection cylinder. Two exhaust pipes are fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the air supply pipe. Both of the two exhaust pipes penetrate into the inside of the rubber air bags.

[0013] Preferably, a stabilizing seat is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second air supply pump. The cross section of the stabilizing seat is in an inverted "U" shape structure, and the bottom surface of the stabilizing seat is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom plate.

[0014] Preferably, reinforcing rings are fixedly connected to both the upper surface and the bottom surface of the rubber air bag. The inner walls of the reinforcing rings are all fixedly connected with the outer surface of the connection cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the usage method of the fault slip measurement device under the condition of artificial caverns includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. First, use drilling equipment to drill a measuring well next to the artificial cavern, and then insert multiple plastic hoses into the measuring wells. When the plastic hoses are inserted into the measuring wells, they can be butted together through the threads on the plastic hoses to ensure the continuity and reliability of the plastic hoses when they are inserted into the measuring wells. At the same time, the plug on the conductive slip ring can also be used to connect two cables while the plastic hoses are butted together. Since the conductive slip ring can maintain the connection of current or electrical signals when rotating, the rotation of the conductive slip ring can prevent the cable from being excessively twisted when the plastic hoses are rotated and butted together.

[0017] S2. Then connect the connecting plug to the receiving port of the computer terminal, and use the connecting plug to cooperate with the CPU processor inside the computer terminal and the running program to collect data from the optical fiber sensor and the strain gauge sensor, and provide the optical fiber sensor and the strain gauge sensor with the required power for work. When a fault zone appears in the rock formation, the plastic hose will be squeezed and slightly deformed due to the displacement of the rock formation. At this time, the optical fiber sensor fault slip measurement and the strain gauge sensor fault slip measurement can be used in combination through the computer terminal. Then, based on the BOTDA technology of stimulated Brillouin scattering amplification effect, the optical fiber sensor can measure the impact of fault slip on the rock formation and the artificial cave as a whole in a large range. At the same time, the strain gauge sensor can measure the local strain data more accurately, thereby effectively increasing the accuracy of the fault slip measurement data and obtaining more comprehensive fault slip data information.

[0018] S3. When it is necessary to detect the impact of fault slip on the artificial cavern, the air filtered by the first air filter is sent into the interior of the connecting well from the first control valve, the connecting pipe and the air outlet pipe by the suction force provided by the first air pump. Since the bottom plate cooperates with the connecting plate and the connecting tube, the top of the connecting well can be blocked, so that the air can only enter the interior of the artificial cavern through the connecting well. When the gas pressure inside the artificial cavern reaches a certain value, the first air pump stops working and closes the first control valve. At this time, the pressure gauge can not only monitor the air pressure value in the artificial cavern, but also observe the pressure value change in the artificial cavern, and then detect the seepage leakage of the rock formation and the artificial cavern after the fault slip through the pressure value change of the pressure gauge, simulate the impact of the fault slip on the normal use of the subsequent artificial cavern, and provide more realistic data on the impact of the fault slip on the artificial cavern. When the impact detection of the fault slip on the artificial cavern is completed, it is only necessary to open the second control valve to discharge the excess air inside the artificial cavern to the outside.

[0019] S4. During the process of filling the artificial chamber with gas, by the suction force provided by the second air supply pump, the air filtered by the second air filter can be sent into the interior of the rubber airbag through the one-way valve, the connecting pipe, the air supply pipe and the exhaust pipe. As the gas pressure inside the rubber airbag gradually increases, the rubber airbag can be inflated. The inflation of the rubber airbag is used to seal the gap between the connecting cylinder and the connecting well, preventing air leakage from the outlet position of the connecting well when the artificial chamber is subjected to fault slip detection, further ensuring the accuracy of the acquisition of data on the influence of fault slip on the artificial chamber. And when the rubber airbag is inflated to a certain extent, the second air supply pump stops working. At this time, the one-way valve can prevent the gas inside the rubber airbag from leaking outwards, ensuring the reliable use of the rubber airbag. When the fault slip measurement of the artificial chamber is completed, only need to open the third control valve to discharge the gas inside the rubber airbag.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. The fault slip measurement device based on the artificial chamber conditions provided by the present invention, by setting the combined measurement unit, can compatibly combine the fault slip measurement of the fiber optic sensor and the fault slip measurement of the strain gauge sensor through multiple plastic hoses connected by threads, in cooperation with the fixing seat and the measurement well. Furthermore, based on the BOTDA technology of stimulated Brillouin scattering amplification effect, the influence of fault slip on the overall large range of the rock formation and the artificial chamber can be measured by the fiber optic sensor. At the same time, the strain gauge sensor can more accurately measure the local strain data, so as to effectively increase the accuracy of the fault slip measurement data and obtain more comprehensive fault slip data information.

[0022] 2. By setting the leakage detection unit, the present invention can send the air filtered by the first air filter into the interior of the artificial chamber through the connecting well by the first air supply pump. Furthermore, the change of the pressure value in the artificial chamber can be observed through the pressure gauge, and the penetration leakage condition of the rock formation and the artificial chamber after fault slip can be detected by the change of the pressure value of the pressure gauge, simulating the influence of fault slip on the subsequent normal use of the artificial chamber and providing more real data on the influence of fault slip on the artificial chamber.

[0023] 3. By setting the sealing mechanism, the present invention can send the air filtered by the second air filter into the interior of the rubber airbag through the one-way valve, the connecting pipe and the air supply pipe by using the second air supply pump, making the rubber airbag inflated. The inflation of the rubber airbag is used to seal the gap between the connecting cylinder and the connecting well, preventing air leakage from the connecting well position when the artificial chamber is subjected to fault slip detection, further ensuring the accuracy of the acquisition of data on the influence of fault slip on the artificial chamber. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the fault slip measurement device based on the artificial chamber condition of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the position distribution of the rock stratum and the artificial chamber of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic structure diagram of the plastic hose of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at position A in;

[0028] Figure 5 It is the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at position B in;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic structure diagram of the bottom plate of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the connecting cylinder of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the rubber airbag and the connecting cylinder of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, underground mechanism; 2, measurement mechanism; 3, sealing mechanism; 11, rock stratum; 12, artificial chamber; 13, measurement well; 14, fault zone; 15, connecting well; 21, combined measurement unit; 22, leakage detection unit; 301, second air filter; 302, second air supply pump; 303, one-way valve; 304, connecting pipe; 305, third control valve; 306, air supply pipe; 307, rubber airbag; 308, exhaust pipe; 309, stabilizing seat; 310, stabilizing frame; 311, reinforcing ring; 2101, bottom plate; 2102, plastic hose; 2103, fixing seat; 2104, fiber optic sensor; 2105, strain gauge sensor; 2106, cable; 2107, conductive slip ring; 2108, connecting plug; 2109, fixing plate; 2110, mounting plate; 2111, mounting bolt; 2201, connecting plate; 2202, connecting cylinder; 2203, first air filter; 2204, first air supply pump; 2205, first control valve; 2206, connecting pipe; 2207, pressure gauge; 2208, second control valve; 2209, air outlet pipe; 2210, fixing bolt; 2211, support seat. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0034] As Figures 1 to 8As shown in the figure, the fault slip measurement device based on artificial chamber conditions provided by the present invention includes an underground mechanism 1. The underground mechanism 1 includes a rock formation 11. An artificial chamber 12, a measurement well 13, and a fault zone 14 are respectively formed inside the rock formation 11. The artificial chamber 2 is an artificially excavated underground chamber, which causes stress redistribution within a limited range during the excavation of the underground rock formation to ensure the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock. The chamber rock wall is reinforced by a concrete structure. A measurement mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rock formation 11. A connection well 15 is formed on the upper surface of the rock formation 11, and the connection well 15 communicates with the artificial chamber 12.

[0035] The measurement mechanism 2 includes a combined measurement unit 21. The combined measurement unit 21 is arranged inside the measurement well 13, and the combined measurement unit 21 can cooperate with the measurement well 13 to measure the fault slip data of the rock formation 11.

[0036] The combined measurement unit 21 includes a bottom plate 2101. The bottom surface of the bottom plate 2101 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rock formation 11. A plurality of plastic hoses 2102 are arranged inside the measurement well 13. The plastic hoses 2102 are hoses with a certain flexibility processed mainly from plastic. One ends of the plurality of plastic hoses 2102 close to each other are connected by threads. The top end of one of the plastic hoses 2102 penetrates above the bottom plate 2101. A plurality of fixing seats 2103 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the plurality of plastic hoses 2102. A fiber optic sensor 2104 and a strain gauge sensor 2105 are respectively fixedly connected to one side surface of the plurality of fixing seats 2103. The model of the fiber optic sensor 2104 is FS-N, and the model of the strain gauge sensor 2105 is BLT-910. Cables 2106 are arranged inside the plurality of plastic hoses 2102. One ends of the plurality of cables 2106 close to each other are electrically connected by a conductive slip ring 2107. The conductive slip ring 2107 is an electrical component responsible for connecting and transporting energy and signals for a rotating body. According to the transmission medium, the conductive slip ring 2107 is divided into an electrical slip ring, a fluid slip ring, and a smooth slip ring, and can also be generally referred to as a rotary connection or a rotary through. The model of the conductive slip ring 2107 is MHF108. Each of the fiber optic sensors 2104 and the strain gauge sensors 2105 is electrically connected to the cable 2106 through a wire. The top end of one of the cables 2106 is fixedly connected to a connection plug 2108. Fixing plates 2109 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the plurality of plastic hoses 2102. The inner wall of each fixing plate 2109 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cable 2106.

[0037] By setting up the combined measurement unit 21, the fault slip measurement of the fiber optic sensor 2104 and the fault slip measurement of the strain gauge sensor 2105 can be compatibly combined and used through multiple plastic hoses 2102 connected by threads, in cooperation with the fixing base 2103 and the measurement well 13. Furthermore, based on the BOTDA technology of stimulated Brillouin scattering amplification effect, by synchronously injecting pump pulse light at Stokes frequency and anti-Stokes frequency into the optical fiber, and using the Brillouin gain-loss effect of the scattered light for differential on the optical path, the synchronization problem between signals is solved, and the measurement time is only half of that of the traditional DPP technology. The influence of the gain characteristics of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier in the sensing system on the pulse sequence decoding result is also analyzed, and the coding gain under the condition of uneven gain is theoretically calculated. The fiber optic sensor 2104 can measure the influence of fault slip on the overall large range of the rock formation 11 and the artificial cavity 12, while the strain gauge sensor 2105 can more accurately measure the local strain data, thereby effectively increasing the accuracy of the fault slip measurement data and enabling more comprehensive acquisition of the fault slip data information.

[0038] Among several plastic hoses 2102, an installation disk 2110 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the plastic hose 2102 at the top. A plurality of installation bolts 2111 are threadedly connected inside the installation disk 2110, and the bottom ends of the installation bolts 2111 all penetrate into the inside of the bottom plate 2101 to form a threaded connection. The installation disk 2110 and the installation bolts 2111 can fix the position between the uppermost plastic hose 2102 and the bottom plate 2101, increasing the reliability of the use of the plastic hose 2102.

[0039] The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows: first, a measuring well 13 is drilled next to the artificial cave 12 using a drilling device, and then a plurality of plastic hoses 2102 are inserted into the measuring well 13. When the plastic hose 2102 is inserted into the measuring well 13, it can be butted by the thread provided on the plastic hose 2102 to ensure the continuity and reliability of the plastic hose 2102 when inserted into the measuring well 13. At the same time, the plug provided on the conductive slip ring 2107 can also be used to connect the two cables 2106 when the plastic hose 2102 is butted. And because the conductive slip ring 2107 can maintain the connection of the current or electrical signal when rotating, the rotation of the conductive slip ring 2107 can prevent the cable 2106 from being excessively twisted when the plastic hose 2102 is rotated and butted, and then the connecting plug 2108 is connected to the receiving port of the computer terminal, and the connecting plug 2108 is used in conjunction with the computer terminal to collect the data of the optical fiber sensor 2104 and the strain gauge sensor 2105, and at the same time, the optical fiber sensor 2104 and the strain gauge sensor 2105 are provided with the required electrical energy for operation. When a fault zone 14 appears in the rock layer 11, the plastic hose 2102 will be squeezed and slightly deformed due to the displacement of the rock layer 11. At this time, the fault slip measurement method of the optical fiber sensor 2104 and the fault slip measurement method of the strain gauge sensor 2105 can be used in combination through a computer terminal, thereby using the BOTDA technology based on the stimulated Brillouin scattering amplification effect. The impact of fault slip on the overall large-scale rock layer 11 and the artificial cave 12 can be measured by the optical fiber sensor 2104, while the strain gauge sensor 2105 can measure the local strain data more accurately, thereby effectively increasing the accuracy of the fault slip measurement data and obtaining more comprehensive fault slip data information.

[0040] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the measuring mechanism 2 also includes a leakage detection unit 22, which is disposed inside the artificial cavern 12. The leakage detection unit 22 can fill gas into the artificial cavern 12 through the connecting well 15 for leakage detection.

[0041] The leakage detection unit 22 includes a connection plate 2201. The bottom surface of the connection plate 2201 is in contact with the upper surface of the bottom plate 2101. An inner wall of the connection plate 2201 is fixedly connected with a connection cylinder 2202. A bottom end of the connection cylinder 2202 penetrates through the connection plate 2201 and extends into the connection well 15. The upper surface of the connection plate 2201 is fixedly connected with a first air filter 2203. The first air filter 2203 is an SMC industrial filter. A first air supply pump 2204 is arranged on one side of the first air filter 2203. An air inlet end of the first air supply pump 2204 is fixedly communicated with an air outlet end of the first air filter 2203. An air outlet end of the first air supply pump 2204 is fixedly communicated with a first control valve 2205. The other end of the first control valve 2205 is fixedly communicated with a connection pipe 2206. A pressure gauge 2207 is fixedly communicated with an outer surface of the connection pipe 2206. A second control valve 2208 is fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the connection pipe 2206. The other end of the connection pipe 2206 is fixedly communicated with an air outlet pipe 2209. The other end of the air outlet pipe 2209 penetrates through the connection cylinder 2202 and extends into the connection well 15.

[0042] By arranging the leakage detection unit 22, the air filtered by the first air filter 2203 can be sent into the artificial cave chamber 12 through the connection well 15 by the first air supply pump 2204. Furthermore, the change of the pressure value in the artificial cave chamber 12 can be observed through the pressure gauge 2207. The permeation leakage conditions of the rock stratum 11 and the artificial cave chamber 12 after the fault slip can be detected through the change of the pressure value of the pressure gauge 2207, simulating the influence of the fault slip on the normal use of the subsequent artificial cave chamber 12 and providing more real data on the influence of the fault slip on the artificial cave chamber 12.

[0043] A plurality of fixing bolts 2210 are threadedly connected inside the connection plate 2201. Bottom ends of the fixing bolts 2210 all penetrate into the inside of the bottom plate 2101. Outer surfaces of the fixing bolts 2210 are threadedly connected with inner walls of the bottom plate 2101. The fixing bolts 2210 can fix the position of the connection plate 2201 on the bottom plate 2101, making the connection plate 2201 not easy to loosen and improving the use reliability of the connection plate 2201.

[0044] A support base 2211 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the first air supply pump 2204. The cross section of the support base 2211 is in an inverted "U" shape structure. The bottom surface of the support base 2211 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom plate 2101. The support base 2211 can support and stabilize the position of the first air supply pump 2204, preventing the first air supply pump 2204 from shaking excessively during use and increasing the stability of the first air supply pump 2204.

[0045] The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows: When it is necessary to detect the influence of fault slip on the artificial chamber 12, only by the suction force provided by the first air supply pump 2204, the air filtered by the first air filter 2203 is sent into the inside of the connection well 15 from the first control valve 2205, the connecting pipe 2206 and the air outlet pipe 2209. Since the bottom plate 2101 cooperates with the connection disc 2201 and the connection cylinder 2202, the top end of the connection well 15 can be blocked, so that the air can only enter the inside of the artificial chamber 12 through the connection well 15. When the gas pressure inside the artificial chamber 12 reaches a certain value, the first air supply pump 2204 stops working and the first control valve 2205 is closed. At this time, through the pressure gauge 2207, not only the air pressure value in the artificial chamber 12 can be monitored, but also the change of the pressure value in the artificial chamber 12 can be observed. When the pressure shown on the pressure gauge 2207 gradually decreases, it indicates that there is a leakage problem inside the artificial chamber 12 after the fault slip. And when the internal pressure value of the pressure gauge 2207 remains stable for a long time, it proves that the fault slip has no influence on the artificial chamber 12. Furthermore, the penetration and leakage conditions of the rock stratum 11 and the artificial chamber 12 after the fault slip can be detected through the change of the pressure value of the pressure gauge 2207, simulating the influence of the fault slip on the normal use of the subsequent artificial chamber 12, and providing more real data on the influence of the fault slip on the artificial chamber 12. When the detection of the influence of the fault slip on the artificial chamber 12 is completed, only by opening the second control valve 2208, the excess air inside the artificial chamber 12 can be discharged outwards.

[0046] A sealing mechanism 3 is arranged at the top end of the combined measuring unit 21. The sealing mechanism 3 is used in cooperation with the measuring mechanism 2. The sealing mechanism 3 is used for the gap between the leakage detection unit 22 and the connection well 15.

[0047] The sealing mechanism 3 includes a second air filter 301. The bottom surface of the second air filter 301 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 2101. The second air filter 301 is an SMC industrial filter. A second air supply pump 302 is arranged on one side of the second air filter 301. The air inlet end of the second air supply pump 302 is fixedly communicated with the air outlet end of the second air filter 301. The air outlet end of the second air supply pump 302 is fixedly communicated with a one-way valve 303. The other end of the one-way valve 303 is fixedly communicated with a connecting pipe 304. A third control valve 305 is fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the connecting pipe 304. A trachea 306 is arranged inside the connecting cylinder 2202. The other end of the connecting pipe 304 is fixedly communicated with one end of the trachea 306. Two stabilizing frames 310 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the trachea 306. The outer surfaces of both stabilizing frames 310 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 2202. Two rubber air bags 307 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting cylinder 2202. Two exhaust pipes 308 are fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the trachea 306. Both exhaust pipes 308 penetrate into the inside of the rubber air bag 307. The exhaust pipes 308 communicate the trachea 306 and the rubber air bag 307.

[0048] By providing the sealing mechanism 3, the air filtered by the second air filter 301 can be sent into the rubber air bag 307 through the second air supply pump 302, the one-way valve 303, the connecting pipe 304 and the trachea 306, causing the rubber air bag 307 to expand. The expansion of the rubber air bag 307 is used to seal the gap between the connecting cylinder 2202 and the connecting well 15, preventing air leakage from the connecting well 15 during the fault slip detection of the artificial chamber 12, and further ensuring the accuracy of the data collection of the fault slip influence of the artificial chamber 12.

[0049] A stabilizing seat 309 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second air supply pump 302. The cross-section of the stabilizing seat 309 is an inverted "U" - shaped structure. The bottom surface of the stabilizing seat 309 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 2101. The stabilizing seat 309 can improve the stability of the second air supply pump 302 during use, making the second air supply pump 302 more stable and reliable during operation, and ensuring the use effect of the second air supply pump 302.

[0050] Reinforcing rings 311 are fixedly connected to both the upper surface and the bottom surface of the rubber air bag 307. The inner walls of the reinforcing rings 311 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting cylinder 2202. The reinforcing rings 311 can increase the connection tightness between the rubber air bag 307 and the connecting cylinder 2202, making it not easy for the rubber air bag 307 and the connecting cylinder 2202 to become loose, and increasing the matching sealing performance between the rubber air bag 307 and the connecting cylinder 2202.

[0051] The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows: during the process of gas filling into the artificial cave 12, the air filtered by the second air filter 301 can be sent into the rubber airbag 307 through the one-way valve 303, the connecting pipe 304, the air supply pipe 306 and the exhaust pipe 308 by the suction force provided by the second air pump 302. As the gas pressure inside the rubber airbag 307 gradually increases and the elasticity of the rubber material of the rubber airbag 307 itself, the rubber airbag 307 can be expanded, and the gap between the connecting tube 2202 and the connecting well 15 can be blocked by the expansion of the rubber airbag 307. The gap is formed to prevent air leakage from the outlet of the connecting well 15 when the artificial cave 12 is conducting fault slip detection, which further ensures that the fault slip of the artificial cave 12 affects the accuracy of data collection, and when the rubber airbag 307 expands to a certain extent, the second air pump 302 stops working. At this time, the one-way valve 303 can prevent the gas inside the rubber airbag 307 from leaking outward, thereby ensuring the reliability of the use of the rubber airbag 307. After the fault slip measurement of the artificial cave 12 is completed, it is only necessary to open the third control valve 305 to discharge the gas inside the rubber airbag 307 to the outside.

[0052] The present invention also discloses a method for using the fault slip measurement device under artificial cave conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. First, use drilling equipment to drill a measuring well 13 next to the artificial cave 12, and then insert multiple plastic hoses 2102 into the measuring well 13. When the plastic hoses 2102 are inserted into the measuring well 13, they can be connected through the threads on the plastic hoses 2102 to ensure the continuity and reliability of the plastic hoses 2102 when inserted into the measuring well 13. At the same time, the plug on the conductive slip ring 2107 can also be used to connect the two cables 2106 while the plastic hoses 2102 are connected. Since the conductive slip ring 2107 can maintain the connection of current or electrical signals when rotating, the rotation of the conductive slip ring 2107 can prevent the cable 2106 from being excessively twisted when the plastic hose 2102 is rotated and connected.

[0054] S2. Then connect the connection plug 2108 to the computer terminal receiving port, and use the connection plug 2108 to cooperate with the CPU processor and the running program built in the computer terminal to collect the data of the fiber optic sensor 2104 and the strain gauge sensor 2105, and at the same time provide the electric energy required for the operation of the fiber optic sensor 2104 and the strain gauge sensor 2105; when a fault zone 14 appears in the rock formation 11, due to the offset of the rock formation 11, the plastic hose 2102 will be slightly deformed by extrusion. At this time, the fault slip measurement of the fiber optic sensor 2104 and the fault slip measurement of the strain gauge sensor 2105 can be used in a compatible manner through the computer terminal. Furthermore, based on the BOTDA technology of the stimulated Brillouin scattering amplification effect, the influence of the fault slip on the overall large range of the rock formation 11 and the artificial cavern 12 can be measured by the fiber optic sensor 2104. At the same time, the strain gauge sensor 2105 can measure the local strain data more accurately, so that the accuracy of the fault slip measurement data can be effectively increased, and the fault slip data information can be obtained more comprehensively.

[0055] S3. When it is necessary to detect the influence of the fault slip on the artificial cavern 12, only need to use the suction force provided by the first air supply pump 2204 to send the air filtered by the first air filter 2203 into the inside of the connection well 15 through the first control valve 2205, the connecting pipe 2206 and the air outlet pipe 2209. Since the bottom plate 2101 cooperates with the connection plate 2201 and the connection cylinder 2202, the top of the connection well 15 can be blocked, so that the air can only enter the inside of the artificial cavern 12 through the connection well 15. When the gas pressure inside the artificial cavern 12 reaches a certain value, the first air supply pump 2204 stops working and the first control valve 2205 is closed. At this time, through the pressure gauge 2207, not only the air pressure value in the artificial cavern 12 can be monitored, but also the change of the pressure value in the artificial cavern 12 can be observed. Furthermore, the penetration and leakage conditions of the rock formation 11 and the artificial cavern 12 after the fault slip can be detected through the change of the pressure value of the pressure gauge 2207, simulating the influence of the fault slip on the normal use of the subsequent artificial cavern 12, and providing more real data on the influence of the fault slip on the artificial cavern 12. When the detection of the influence of the fault slip on the artificial cavern 12 is completed, only need to open the second control valve 2208 to discharge the excess air inside the artificial cavern 12 to the outside.

[0056] S4. During the process of filling the artificial chamber 12 with gas, through the suction force provided by the second air supply pump 302, the air filtered by the second air filter 301 can be sent into the interior of the rubber airbag 307 through the one-way valve 303, the connecting pipe 304, the air supply pipe 306 and the exhaust pipe 308. As the gas pressure inside the rubber airbag 307 gradually increases, the rubber airbag 307 can be inflated. The expansion of the rubber airbag 307 is used to block the gap between the connecting cylinder 2202 and the connecting well 15, preventing air leakage from the outlet position of the connecting well 15 when the artificial chamber 12 is subjected to fault slip detection, further ensuring the accuracy of the data collection of the fault slip influence in the artificial chamber 12. And when the rubber airbag 307 expands to a certain extent, the second air supply pump 302 stops working. At this time, the one-way valve 303 can prevent the gas inside the rubber airbag 307 from leaking outwards, ensuring the reliability of the use of the rubber airbag 307. When the fault slip measurement of the artificial chamber 12 is completed, only need to open the third control valve 305 to discharge the gas inside the rubber airbag 307 to the outside.

[0057] Those of ordinary skill in the art will realize that the embodiments described herein are for helping the reader understand the principles of the present invention, and it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other specific deformations and combinations without departing from the essence of the present invention according to these technical revelations disclosed in the present invention, and these deformations and combinations are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fault slip measurement device based on artificial cave conditions, characterized in that: The invention comprises a downhole mechanism (1), wherein the downhole mechanism (1) comprises a rock layer (11), wherein an artificial cavern (12), a measuring well (13) and a fault zone (14) are respectively provided inside the rock layer (11), wherein the upper surface of the rock layer (11) is fixedly connected with a measuring mechanism (2), wherein a connecting well (15) is provided on the upper surface of the rock layer (11), wherein the connecting well (15) is connected with the artificial cavern (12); wherein the measuring mechanism (2) comprises a combined measuring unit (21), wherein the combined measuring unit (21) is arranged inside the measuring well (13), and wherein the combined measuring unit (21) is capable of being equipped with a measuring device (21) and a measuring device (21). The combined measurement well (13) measures fault slip data of a rock layer (11); the measurement mechanism (2) further comprises a leakage detection unit (22), the leakage detection unit (22) is arranged inside the artificial cave (12), and the leakage detection unit (22) can fill gas into the artificial cave (12) through the connecting well (15) to perform leakage detection; the top of the combined measurement unit (21) is provided with a sealing mechanism (3), the sealing mechanism (3) is used in conjunction with the measurement mechanism (2), and the sealing mechanism (3) is used for the gap between the leakage detection unit (22) and the connecting well (15).

2. The fault slip measurement device based on artificial cave conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The combined measurement unit (21) comprises a bottom plate (2101), the bottom surface of the bottom plate (2101) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rock layer (11), a plurality of plastic hoses (2102) are arranged inside the measurement well (13), the ends of the plurality of plastic hoses (2102) close to each other are connected by threads, the top end of one of the plastic hoses (2102) penetrates above the bottom plate (2101), the inner walls of the plurality of plastic hoses (2102) are fixedly connected to a plurality of fixing seats (2103), and the side surfaces of the plurality of fixing seats (2103) are respectively fixedly connected to optical fiber sensors (2104) and strain gauge sensors (2104). 105), a plurality of the plastic hoses (2102) are provided with cables (2106) inside, the ends of the plurality of the cables (2106) close to each other are electrically connected via a conductive slip ring (2107), each of the optical fiber sensors (2104) and the strain gauge sensors (2105) are electrically connected to the cables (2106) via a wire, the top end of one of the cables (2106) is fixedly connected to a connecting plug (2108), the inner walls of the plurality of the plastic hoses (2102) are fixedly connected to a fixing disk (2109), and the inner wall of each fixing disk (2109) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cable (2106).

3. The fault slip measurement device based on artificial cave conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Among the plurality of plastic hoses (2102), the outer surface of the plastic hose (2102) located at the top is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (2110), the internal thread of the mounting plate (2110) is connected to a plurality of mounting bolts (2111), and the bottom ends of the mounting bolts (2111) all penetrate into the interior of the bottom plate (2101) to form a threaded connection.

4. The fault slip measurement device based on artificial cave conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The leakage detection unit (22) comprises a connection disk (2201), the bottom surface of the connection disk (2201) is in contact with the upper surface of the bottom plate (2101), the inner wall of the connection disk (2201) is fixedly connected with a connection tube (2202), the bottom end of the connection tube (2202) passes through the connection disk (2201) and extends to the inside of the connection well (15), the upper surface of the connection disk (2201) is fixedly connected with a first air filter (2203), a first air pump (2204) is provided on one side of the first air filter (2203), and the air inlet end of the first air pump (2204) is connected to the first air filter (2203). The air outlet end of the device (2203) is fixedly connected, the air outlet end of the first air pump (2204) is fixedly connected to the first control valve (2205), the other end of the first control valve (2205) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (2206), the outer surface of the connecting pipe (2206) is fixedly connected to a pressure gauge (2207), the outer surface of the connecting pipe (2206) is fixedly connected to a second control valve (2208), the other end of the connecting pipe (2206) is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe (2209), and the other end of the air outlet pipe (2209) passes through the connecting tube (2202) and extends to the interior of the connecting well (15).

5. The fault slip measurement device based on artificial cave conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The internal thread of the connection plate (2201) is connected to a plurality of fixing bolts (2210), the bottom ends of the fixing bolts (2210) all penetrate into the interior of the bottom plate (2101), and the outer surfaces of the fixing bolts (2210) are all threadedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom plate (2101).

6. The fault slip measurement device based on artificial cave conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom surface of the first air pump (2204) is fixedly connected to a support seat (2211), the cross section of the support seat (2211) is an inverted "U"-shaped structure, and the bottom surface of the support seat (2211) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate (2101).

7. The fault slip measurement device based on artificial cave conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sealing mechanism (3) comprises a second air filter (301), the bottom surface of the second air filter (301) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate (2101), a second air pump (302) is arranged on one side of the second air filter (301), an air inlet end of the second air pump (302) is fixedly connected to an air outlet end of the second air filter (301), a one-way valve (303) is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the second air pump (302), the other end of the one-way valve (303) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (304), and the outer surface of the connecting pipe (304) is fixedly connected to a third control valve (305); An air supply pipe (306) is arranged inside the connecting tube (2202), and the other end of the connecting tube (304) is fixedly connected to one end of the air supply pipe (306). The outer surface of the air supply pipe (306) is fixedly connected to two stabilizing frames (310), and the outer surfaces of the two stabilizing frames (310) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting tube (2202). The outer surface of the connecting tube (2202) is fixedly connected to two rubber airbags (307), and the outer surface of the air supply pipe (306) is fixedly connected to two exhaust pipes (308), and the two exhaust pipes (308) pass through the interior of the rubber airbag (307).

8. The fault slip measurement device based on artificial cave conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom surface of the second air supply pump (302) is fixedly connected to a stabilizing seat (309), the cross section of the stabilizing seat (309) is an inverted "U"-shaped structure, and the bottom surface of the stabilizing seat (309) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate (2101).

9. The fault slip measurement device based on artificial cave conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface and the bottom surface of the rubber airbag (307) are both fixedly connected to a reinforcement ring (311), and the inner wall of the reinforcement ring (311) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting tube (2202).

10. The fault slip measurement device based on artificial cave conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method for using the fault slip measurement device under artificial cave conditions comprises the following steps: S1. First, a measuring well (13) is drilled next to the artificial cave (12) using a drilling device, and then a plurality of plastic hoses (2102) are inserted into the measuring well (13). When the plastic hoses (2102) are inserted into the measuring well (13), the plastic hoses (2102) can be connected by means of the threads provided on the plastic hoses (2102) to ensure the continuity and reliability of the plastic hoses (2102) when inserted into the measuring well (13). At the same time, the plug provided on the conductive slip ring (2107) can be used to connect the two cables (2106) when the plastic hoses (2102) are connected. Furthermore, since the conductive slip ring (2107) can maintain the connection of the current or the electrical signal when rotating, the rotation of the conductive slip ring (2107) can prevent the cable (2106) from being excessively twisted when the plastic hoses (2102) are rotated and connected. S2, then connect the connecting plug (2108) to the receiving port of the computer terminal, use the connecting plug (2108) to cooperate with the CPU processor inside the computer terminal and the running program to collect data from the optical fiber sensor (2104) and the strain gauge sensor (2105), and provide the optical fiber sensor (2104) and the strain gauge sensor (2105) with the required power for operation. When a fault zone (14) appears in the rock layer (11), the plastic hose (2102) will be squeezed and slightly deformed due to the displacement of the rock layer (11), and the optical fiber sensor can be connected to the plastic hose (2102) at this time. (2104) Fault slip measurement and strain gauge sensor (2105) Fault slip measurement is compatible and used in combination through a computer terminal, and then based on the BOTDA technology of stimulated Brillouin scattering amplification effect, the impact of fault slip on the overall large-scale rock layer (11) and the artificial cave (12) can be measured through the optical fiber sensor (2104), and at the same time, the strain gauge sensor (2105) can measure the local strain data more accurately, thereby effectively increasing the accuracy of the fault slip measurement data and being able to obtain more comprehensive fault slip data information; S3. When it is necessary to detect the impact of fault slip on the artificial cave (12), the air filtered by the first air filter (2203) is sent into the interior of the connecting well (15) through the first control valve (2205), the connecting pipe (2206) and the air outlet pipe (2209) by the suction force provided by the first air pump (2204). Since the bottom plate (2101) cooperates with the connecting plate (2201) and the connecting tube (2202), the top of the connecting well (15) can be blocked, so that the air can only enter the interior of the artificial cave (12) through the connecting well (15). When the gas pressure inside the artificial cave (12) reaches a certain value, the first air pump (2204) stops working and is closed. The first control valve (2205) can monitor the air pressure value in the artificial cave (12) through the pressure gauge (2207) and observe the pressure value change in the artificial cave (12). The permeability and leakage conditions of the rock layer (11) and the artificial cave (12) after the fault slip can be detected through the pressure value change of the pressure gauge (2207), and the impact of the fault slip on the subsequent normal use of the artificial cave (12) can be simulated to provide more realistic data on the impact of the fault slip on the artificial cave (12). After the fault slip impact detection of the artificial cave (12) is completed, it is only necessary to open the second control valve (2208) to discharge the excess air inside the artificial cave (12) to the outside; S4. During the process of gas filling the artificial cave (12), the air filtered by the second air filter (301) can be sent into the rubber airbag (307) through the one-way valve (303), the connecting pipe (304), the air supply pipe (306) and the exhaust pipe (308) by the suction force provided by the second air supply pump (302). As the gas pressure inside the rubber airbag (307) gradually increases, the rubber airbag (307) can be expanded, and the gap between the connecting tube (2202) and the connecting well (15) can be sealed by the expansion of the rubber airbag (307), thereby preventing the artificial cave (12) from being opened. When fault slip is detected, air leakage occurs at the outlet of the connecting well (15), which further ensures that the data acquisition accuracy is not affected by the fault slip of the artificial cave (12). When the rubber airbag (307) expands to a certain extent, the second air pump (302) stops working. At this time, the one-way valve (303) can prevent the gas inside the rubber airbag (307) from leaking outward, thereby ensuring the reliability of the use of the rubber airbag (307). After the fault slip measurement of the artificial cave (12) is completed, it is only necessary to open the third control valve (305) to discharge the gas inside the rubber airbag (307) outward.

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