Gas-liquid impingement system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a gas-liquid impact system and method, relates to the technical field of large-scale impact equipment, and comprises a rack and a gas-liquid impact cylinder, wherein the gas-liquid impact cylinder comprises an impact cylinder body, an impact energy storage container, an impact piston and an impact rod, the impact energy storage container is installed at one end of the impact cylinder body in a rodless cavity, the impact cylinder body is provided with the impact rod at one end in a rod cavity, one end of the impact rod is fixedly provided with the impact piston, the other end of the impact rod is provided with an impact head, a connecting device capable of making the impact head separate during impact is arranged between the impact head and the impact rod, the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder is connected with a control device for controlling the movement of the impact rod, the gas-liquid impact system has good repeatability and high repeat precision, the pre-pressing type gas-liquid interaction starting mode of the rodless cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder is adopted, the problems of slow starting time response speed, time lag and poor time controllability are avoided, the impact action time precision is high, and high-precision control can be realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of large-scale impact equipment, in particular to a gas-liquid impact system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Common small and medium-sized impactors generally adopt mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic single driving modes. Due to the application purpose, only the main basic parameters such as impact energy and impact frequency are generally required, the impact energy is generally below several hundred or several thousand joules, and there is no special requirement for impact speed, impact energy and control performance, and there is no requirement for the synchronous action of multiple impactors.

[0003] For large-scale impact test equipment, the impact mass and impact energy are hundreds to thousands of times of common small and medium-sized impactors, the impact speed is much higher than that of common impactors, and there are higher requirements for impact action response time and impact process time. The impact head needs to be automatically separated from the impact rod during the impact process to realize free impact on the test piece. The impact rod in high-speed motion needs to be stopped by buffering after the impact stroke ends to avoid damage to the equipment. In addition, the impact speed and impact mass of such impact test equipment need to be adjusted according to the test parameters, and further more, the synchronous action of multiple impactors is required.

[0004] If such large-scale impact test equipment is realized by using existing conventional technology, one possible way is a pneumatic driving scheme, and another possible way is a hydraulic driving scheme.

[0005] Although theoretically, the scheme of using conventional technology is possible to realize the function of large-scale impact test equipment, in practice, it is extremely difficult to realize, and it is basically impossible to meet the performance requirements of such large-scale impact test equipment in engineering.

[0006] For the basic scheme of conventional technology of pneumatic driving type impact test equipment, first, at the beginning of impact, the gas pressure in the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder needs to be raised from zero to the working pressure. Due to the compressibility of gas, after the high-pressure gas enters the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder, it will experience a process of first decompression expansion and then compression pressure rise, and there is a pressure rise lag phenomenon, which affects the impact response time and maximum impact acceleration. In the limited impact stroke, it affects the achievement of the preset impact acceleration, thereby affecting the realization of the required impact energy in the limited impact stroke. Secondly, during the impact stroke, the gas pressure in the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder changes dramatically and is subjected to the combined action of multiple variable gas forces. Therefore, the stability and controllability of the system acceleration process are poor, which will affect the repeatability of impact speed and impact time, thereby making it difficult to meet the requirements of performance parameters, precision, stability and synchronization of high-speed large-impact energy impact system.

[0007] For the conventional technical scheme of the hydraulic driving impact test device, a large amount of hydraulic oil needs to enter the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder through the valve port of the reversing valve, so the flow is extremely large, which is difficult to realize on the structure of the prior art product, in addition, such a large flow through the reversing valve to the rodless cavity of the impact cylinder causes a large flow resistance, which reduces the effective action oil pressure of the impact cylinder, and it is difficult for the impact head to reach the preset impact acceleration in the limited impact stroke, so it is difficult to achieve the required impact energy in the limited impact stroke, furthermore, the system specification is very large, the structure is complex, and the cost is high, which cannot meet the performance parameters and synchronism requirements of the large impact system.

[0008] In summary, the existing conventional technology cannot meet the performance parameters, precision, stability and synchronism requirements of the high-speed large-impact energy impact test system. SUMMARY

[0009] In order to help solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a gas-liquid impact system and method.

[0010] In the first aspect, the present application provides a gas-liquid impact system, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0011] A gas-liquid impact system, comprising a rack, a gas-liquid impact cylinder mounted on the rack, the gas-liquid impact cylinder comprising an impact cylinder body, an impact energy storage container, an impact rod and an impact piston, the impact cylinder body is sealed and fixed at one end of the rodless cavity and filled with the impact energy storage container filled with compressed inert gas, the impact cylinder body is installed at one end of the rod cavity The impact rod is fixedly connected to the impact piston sliding in the impact cylinder body near the impact energy storage container, the end of the impact rod away from the impact piston is installed with an impact head, the impact head and the impact rod are provided with a connecting device capable of allowing the impact head to be separated during impact, and the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder is connected with a control device for controlling the movement of the impact rod.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, in the impact initial state, the rodless cavity of the impact accumulator and the gas-liquid impact cylinder is filled with inert gas under the design pressure, the control device provides pressure oil to the rod cavity, pushes the impact piston of the gas-liquid impact cylinder to resist the gas pressure in the impact accumulator, and returns to the upper limit position of the stroke of the gas-liquid impact cylinder, and the control device is operated to enter the impact initial preparation state, at this time, the gas pressure in the impact accumulator is the working gas pressure set according to the test impact speed and the impact head mass, the oil pressure of the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder is the set working oil pressure, the quick switch valve group of the control device is quickly opened, the oil pressure of the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder is instantaneously released, the impact rod starts the impact stroke under the action of the force difference at both ends of the impact piston, the impact piston pushes the impact rod to perform the impact action along the axis of the gas-liquid impact cylinder, at this time, the high-pressure gas in the impact accumulator continuously acts on the impact piston, as the impact rod and the impact piston gradually accelerate, the impact rod and the impact head continuously increase the impact speed under the combined action of the high-pressure gas in the impact accumulator and the flow resistance of the oil return of the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder, when the impact stroke ends and the impact speed reaches the design speed, under the control of the control device, the impact rod enters the deceleration action, the impact head is separated from the impact rod through the connecting device under the action of the inertial force, the impact head enters the free impact process and then completes the impact test process, and the impact rod enters the buffer stroke under the action of the control device until the impact rod stops moving, the impact system completes an impact test process, the gas-liquid impact system has good repeatability and high repetition accuracy, the pre-pressing type gas-liquid interaction starting mode of the rodless cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder is adopted, the problems of slow starting time response speed, time lag and poor time controllability are avoided, the impact action time accuracy is high, and high-precision control can be realized.

[0013] Preferably, the control device comprises a quick switch valve group, one or more parallel volume type impact stroke control assemblies, a buffer energy storage assembly and a hydraulic station, the oil inlet of the quick switch valve group is connected with the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder for impact through a control oil circuit, the oil outlet of the quick switch valve group is connected with the oil inlets of the one or more parallel volume type impact stroke control assemblies and the oil inlet of the buffer energy storage assembly through a common oil circuit, and the hydraulic station is connected with the control oil circuit.

[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, in the initial impact state, the quick switch valve group is in the closed state, the control piston of the volume type impact stroke control assembly is in the initial limit position of impact, the rear cavity of the control piston is communicated with the atmosphere, the buffer energy storage assembly is in the closed state, the hydraulic station pumps the hydraulic oil to the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder to make the impact rod retract to the upper limit position and make the gas in the rodless cavity compress, the gas-liquid impact cylinder has the impact condition, the impact action starts, the quick switch valve group is opened, under the pushing of the compressed gas in the rodless cavity, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder is quickly discharged into the volume type impact stroke control assembly, the control piston of the volume type impact stroke control assembly is pushed to move from the initial limit position to the stop limit position, and at the same time, the combination of the impact rod and the impact head starts the impact acceleration movement, when the control piston reaches the stop limit position, the combination of the impact rod and the impact head reaches the designed impact speed, then, the oil pressure in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder instantaneously rises, when the oil pressure in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder continues to rise to the inflation pressure of the buffer energy storage assembly, the hydraulic oil discharged from the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder starts to enter the buffer energy storage assembly, at the same time, the impact rod is forced to decelerate sharply under the action of the oil pressure, the impact head makes the impact breaking part of the connecting device break under the action of the inertial force, the impact rod and the impact head are separated, the impact head moves freely until it hits the test object, the impact rod of the gas-liquid impact cylinder continues to decelerate until the impact rod stops moving, the free impact test of the impact head on the test object is realized, and at the same time, the impact rod is prevented from causing the impact damage to the gas-liquid impact cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the quick switch valve group comprises one or more two-way cartridge hydraulic valves connected in parallel, and the oil outlet of the one or more two-way cartridge hydraulic valves is connected in communication with the oil inlet of the impact stroke control assembly and the oil inlet of the buffer energy storage assembly through the common oil passage.

[0016] By adopting the technical scheme, the quick switch valve group is a two-way cartridge hydraulic valve, and by arranging one or more two-way cartridge hydraulic valves connected in parallel, the demand of the gas-liquid impact cylinder for large flow can be met, and the impact speed of the impact rod can be instantaneously improved.

[0017] Preferably, the volume type impact stroke control assembly comprises a control cylinder body, a control piston sliding in the control cylinder body, a guide sealing element arranged between the inner wall of the control cylinder body and the outer wall of the control piston, a flange arranged at one end of the control cylinder body, a limiting ring arranged at the end of the control cylinder body away from the flange, and a buffer pad arranged in the inner hole of the limiting ring, the inner hole of the flange is connected in communication with the oil outlet of the quick switch valve group, the end of the buffer pad away from the control piston abuts against the cylinder bottom of the control cylinder body, the cylinder bottom of the control cylinder body is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is connected with a reset assembly for resetting the control piston.

[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, before the impact starts, the reset assembly pushes the control piston to reset to the initial limit position of the control cylinder body close to the flange end, when the impact rod accelerates, because the rear cavity of the control cylinder body is communicated with the atmosphere through the through hole, the control piston is moved from the initial limit position to the stop limit position under the pushing of the hydraulic oil, so that the control cylinder body can be quickly filled with the hydraulic oil discharged from the gas-liquid impact cylinder, when the impact rod accelerates to the designed impact speed, the volumetric impact stroke control assembly cannot accommodate the hydraulic oil any more, the back pressure of the impact rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder is increased, the impact rod is suddenly decelerated under the action of the sharp rise of the back pressure, and the function of the impact rod of sharp pressure rise and deceleration is realized.

[0019] Preferably, the reset assembly comprises a reset cylinder, the reset cylinder comprises a reset cylinder body and a reset piston rod, when the reset piston rod extends out of the reset cylinder body, the reset piston rod can pass through the through hole and form an exhaust passage with the through hole, when the control piston is at the stop limit position, the reset piston rod is at a position retracted into the reset cylinder body, when the reset piston rod extends out, the reset piston rod pushes the control piston to move from the stop limit position to the initial limit position.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, the reset cylinder passes through the through hole and forms an exhaust passage with the through hole, so that the rear cavity of the control piston is communicated with the atmosphere, when the reset piston rod extends out, the reset piston rod pushes the control piston to move from the stop limit position to the impact initial limit position for resetting, when the reset piston rod is retracted into the reset cylinder body, the rear cavity of the control piston is communicated with the atmosphere through the through hole, which helps to reduce the resistance of the front cavity of the control piston to the discharge of the hydraulic oil, so as to improve the impact speed of the impact rod, when the control piston reaches the stop limit position, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder can be prevented from continuing to enter the volumetric impact stroke control assembly, so that the oil pressure is sharply increased, thereby forcibly decelerating the impact rod, separating the impact rod from the impact head, and realizing the impact test of the impact head on the test specimen.

[0021] Preferably, the connecting device comprises a guide, a connecting piece and an impact breaking piece, the guide is fixedly installed at one end of the impact rod away from the impact piston, the guide is provided with a guide hole in the direction of impact, one end of the connecting piece is fixedly connected with the impact head, the end of the connecting piece away from the impact head is provided with a guide part, the guide part passes through the guide hole and is in sliding connection with the guide hole, the guide part is provided with a containing hole in the axial direction, one end of the impact breaking piece is provided with a screw rod, the other end is provided with a pressing head, the screw rod passes through the containing hole and is fixedly connected with the guide in a threaded manner, and the pressing head presses the connecting piece against the guide.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, the impact rod in the impact cylinder is connected with the impact head through the guide member, the connecting member and the impact breaking member, so that the impact head can complete the impact preparation return stroke action and the impact action together with the impact rod, when the impact rod reaches the impact acceleration stroke end and performs the deceleration buffering control, the impact breaking member on the impact head connecting device is stretched and instantaneously broken under the action of the great inertia force of the impact head, so that the impact head is automatically separated from the impact rod, the effective impact load is automatically separated, the free impact posture of the impact head is kept stable, then the impact head freely hits the test object, and the effect of simulating free impact is achieved.

[0023] Preferably, the guide member comprises a cup body, an outer thread for threadedly fixing with the impact rod is arranged on the outer wall of the cup body, the inner wall of the cup body is the guide hole, and an inner thread hole for threadedly connecting with the screw rod is arranged on the cup bottom of the cup body.

[0024] By adopting the technical scheme, the guide member is threadedly fixed with the impact rod through the outer thread on the cup body, the connecting member is guided through the guide hole, the inner thread hole on the cup bottom is used for threadedly fixing with the screw rod of the impact breaking member, the connecting member flies in the posture before flying under the guidance of the guide hole, and the effect of the impact head hitting the test object is improved.

[0025] Preferably, the impact breaking member is further provided with a rod body connected with the pressing head, a reduced diameter portion is arranged between the rod body and the screw rod, and the two ends of the reduced diameter portion are connected with the screw rod and the rod body through transition portions gradually reducing in diameter towards the reduced diameter portion.

[0026] By adopting the technical scheme, the reduced diameter portion is arranged between the rod body and the screw rod, the reduced diameter portion is connected with the screw rod and the rod body through the transition portions gradually reducing in diameter towards the reduced diameter portion, so that the diameter of the reduced diameter portion is smaller than the diameters of the screw rod and the rod body, the impact breaking member can bear the load of the weight of the impact head and the connecting member, and the reduced diameter portion can be reliably broken under the impact state of the impact head due to the smallest bearing capacity, and the impact effect of the impact test is improved.

[0027] Preferably, the impact cylinder body is provided with a static pressure bearing body at one end away from the impact energy storage container, the static pressure bearing body is provided with an even number of not less than 4 pressure oil chambers which are uniformly distributed along the inner hole wall in the circumferential direction, the pressure oil chambers are symmetrically arranged along the axial center of the static pressure bearing body, each of the first oil return ring grooves is arranged at the same interval on both sides of the pressure oil chamber in the axial direction, the static pressure bearing body inner hole wall between the two first oil return ring grooves and the even number of not less than 4 pressure oil chambers, and the outer wall of the impact rod for impact form a damping ring gap which communicates the first oil return ring groove and the pressure oil chamber, the two first oil return ring grooves are connected with the external oil tank for oil storage through the oil return channel, the even number of not less than 4 pressure oil chambers are respectively communicated with the damping structure, the damping structure is provided with a damping hole, and the even number of not less than 4 pressure oil chambers are respectively communicated with the external pressure oil source through the damping hole.

[0028] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the impact rod is not subjected to external radial load, the oil liquid in each pressure oil chamber has symmetrical and equal thrust on the impact rod, and the impact rod is in a dynamic balance state at the center position of the static pressure bearing body. When the impact rod is subjected to radial load, the gap of the damping ring gap on the side bearing the load becomes larger, and the gap on the opposite side becomes smaller. The flow area of the damping ring gap of the pressure oil chamber on the side with smaller gap to the first oil return ring groove is reduced, the oil passage flow resistance of the damping ring gap on this side is increased, the flow through the damping ring gap on this side is reduced, the flow through the oil passage damping structure on this side is reduced, the pressure drop at both ends of the damping structure connected with the pressure oil chamber is reduced, that is, the oil pressure difference between the pressure oil chamber P L and the oil supply pressure P P is reduced. Under the condition that the oil supply pressure P P and the oil return pressure P0 are unchanged, the oil pressure P L in the pressure oil chamber is increased, the thrust of the pressure oil chamber on the side with smaller gap to the impact rod is increased, the load is resisted, and the impact rod is reset to the center position. Similarly, the flow area of the damping ring gap on the side with larger gap is increased, the oil passage flow resistance of the damping ring gap on this side is reduced, the flow to the damping ring gap on this side is increased, the flow to the oil passage damping structure of the pressure oil chamber on this side is increased, the pressure drop at both ends of the damping structure is increased, that is, the oil pressure difference between the pressure oil chamber P L and the oil supply pressure P P is increased. Under the condition that the oil supply pressure P P and the oil return pressure P0 are unchanged, the oil pressure P L in the pressure oil chamber on this side is necessarily reduced, the balance thrust of the pressure oil chamber on the side with larger gap to the impact rod is reduced, and the impact rod is reset to the center position. Through the opposite changes of the thrust of the two sides of the pressure oil chamber, the impact rod resists the radial load, realizes the automatic centering control function, and reliably ensures that the relative movement between the impact rod and the static pressure bearing body is non-contact liquid friction.

[0029] In a second aspect, the application provides a gas-liquid impact method, which uses the following technical solution:

[0030] A gas-liquid impact method based on the above-mentioned gas-liquid impact system, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1. Mount the impact head on the impact rod by the connecting device, and fill the inert gas with a preset pressure in the impact energy storage container;

[0032] S2. The quick switch valve group is in a closed state, the control piston of the volumetric impact stroke control assembly is in an initial limit position, the through hole is in communication with the atmosphere, and the buffer energy storage assembly is closed;

[0033] S3. Pump hydraulic oil into the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder, the retraction of the impact rod causes the gas in the impact energy storage container in communication with the rodless cavity to be compressed, and the pumping of hydraulic oil is stopped when the impact rod is in the upper limit position;

[0034] S4. Open the quick switch valve group, the hydraulic oil discharged from the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder enters the volumetric impact stroke control assembly through the quick switch valve group, pushes the control piston to move away from the initial limit position to the stop limit position, and the impact rod starts to accelerate under the action of gas pressure in the impact energy storage container, and the impact rod accelerates to the designed impact speed when the control piston reaches the limit stop limit position;

[0035] S5. When the control piston reaches the stop limit position, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder is prevented from continuously entering the volumetric impact stroke control assembly, causing the oil pressure in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder to rise sharply, thereby forcing the impact rod to decelerate, the impact head is separated from the impact rod under the action of inertial force, and the impact head hits the test object;

[0036] S6. When the oil pressure at the oil outlet of the quick switch valve group is higher than the opening pressure of the buffer energy storage assembly, the buffer energy storage assembly is automatically opened and enters the hydraulic oil, and the impact rod is decelerated until it stops near the lower limit position;

[0037] S7. Before preparing for the next cycle of impact work, reset the control piston to the initial limit position, discharge the hydraulic oil in the volumetric impact stroke control assembly and the buffer energy storage assembly into the oil tank, and the through hole is in communication with the atmosphere.

[0038] By adopting the technical scheme, the gas-liquid impact method pumps hydraulic oil into a rod cavity of a gas-liquid impact cylinder, the impact rod retraction causes the gas of an impact energy storage container communicated with the rodless cavity to be compressed, the quick switch valve group can control the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder to be quickly discharged into an impact stroke control assembly, and then the impact rod accelerates to an impact stroke end position, after reaching the design impact speed, the impact rod is forced to decelerate instantaneously, the hydraulic oil enters a buffer energy storage assembly, the impact rod continues to decelerate and stop moving, the acceleration and sharp forced deceleration control of the impact rod is realized, the impact head is separated from the impact rod under the action of inertial force, and the impact head impacts the test object, so that the test object is impacted by high-speed and large impact energy.

[0039] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0040] 1. The gas-liquid impact system of the present application adopts a main power gas source with a completely closed state, so that the impact system has good repeatability and high repetition accuracy; the pre-pressing type gas-liquid interaction starting mode of the rodless cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder avoids the problems of slow starting time response speed, time lag and poor time controllability, the impact action time accuracy is high, high-precision control can be realized, and the test object is impacted by high-speed and large impact energy;

[0041] 2. The control device can control the impact rod in a very short time, realize the acceleration, forced deceleration, buffer stop and other functions required in the high-speed impact process, provide a solution for non-active operation control of the impact rod impact process, and is simple, reliable, practical, economical and has completed the control function and technical problems that the conventional technical scheme cannot complete;

[0042] 3. When the volumetric impact stroke control assembly can quickly accommodate the constant volume hydraulic oil discharged by the impact stroke of the gas-liquid impact cylinder, the impact rod is quickly accelerated to the impact speed, the volumetric impact stroke control assembly filled with hydraulic oil cannot accommodate the hydraulic oil any more, the back pressure of the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder increases, the impact rod suddenly decelerates under the action of the sharp rise of the back pressure, and the impact head is separated from the impact rod due to inertia to impact the test object;

[0043] 4. By installing a static pressure bearing body at one end of the rod cavity of the impact cylinder body, the impact rod and the static pressure bearing body are well centered, which has the effect of resisting the disturbance of the radial load to the centering position of the impact rod, can reliably ensure that the relative movement between the impact rod and the static pressure bearing body realizes liquid friction, greatly reduces the movement friction resistance and reactive power consumption, reduces the wear of the impact rod and the bearing, prolongs the service life of the equipment, reduces the probability of damage of the equipment, and has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance, reliable durability and long service life, and provides a beneficial solution for the design and manufacture of heavy load rod type motion mechanisms;

[0044] 6. The connecting device connects the impact rod and the impact head, solves the problem that the large impact test equipment is difficult to actively and reliably implement the impact head disengagement operation action in such a short time during the high-speed impact process, realizes the reliable self-disengagement of the impact head, and the flight attitude remains unchanged during the free flight process after the impact head is disengaged from the impact rod, and meets the requirements of the attitude impact on the test object according to the large impact test equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic structural view of a gas-liquid impact system disclosed in the present application.

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic principle view of a gas-liquid impact system disclosed in the present application.

[0047] Figure 3 A Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the I position.

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic structural view of a volumetric impact stroke control assembly disclosed in the present application.

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic structural view of a connecting device disclosed in the present application.

[0050] Figure 6 A sectional view of a connecting piece disclosed in the present application.

[0051] Figure 7 A schematic structural view of an impact breaking piece disclosed in the present application.

[0052] Figure 8 A sectional view of a static pressure bearing body cut surface passing through a damping plug disclosed in the present application.

[0053] Figure 9 A sectional view of a static pressure bearing body cut surface passing through an oil return channel disclosed in the present application.

[0054] Figure 10 A Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of the II position.

[0055] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0056] 1, rack; 2, gas-liquid impact cylinder; 21, impact cylinder body; 211, pressure oil passage; 212, transition oil return passage; 22, impact energy storage container; 23, impact rod; 24, static pressure bearing body; 241, pressure oil cavity; 242, pressure oil ring groove; 243, first oil return ring groove; 244, oil inlet passage; 2441, damping plug; 24411, damping hole; 245, oil return passage; 2451, first transverse oil return passage; 2452, longitudinal oil return passage; 2453, second oil return ring groove; 2454, second transverse oil return passage; 246, damping ring gap; 25, impact piston; 3, impact head; 4, connecting device; 41, guide; 411, cup body; 4111, external thread; 4112, guide hole; 4113, internal threaded hole; 412, abutting flange; 42, connecting piece; 421, sleeve body; 4211, operation hole; 422, connecting flange; 4221, positioning platform; 4222, mounting hole; 423, pressing flange; 4231, via hole; 424, guide part; 4241, containing hole; 43, impact breaking piece; 431, screw rod; 432, pressing head; 433, rod body; 434, reduced diameter part; 435, transition part; 44, fastening screw; 5, control device; 51, quick switch valve group; 52, volumetric impact stroke control assembly; 521, control cylinder body; 5211, through hole; 522, control piston; 5221, guide sealing element; 523, flange; 524, limiting ring; 525, buffer pad; 526, reset assembly; 5261, reset cylinder; 52611, reset cylinder body; 52612, reset piston rod; 5262, first electromagnetic directional control valve; 53, buffer energy storage assembly; 54, hydraulic station; 541, hydraulic pump; 542, second electromagnetic directional control valve; 543, third electromagnetic directional control valve; 544, safety valve; 545, oil tank; 55, control oil circuit; 56, common oil circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following combines Figures 1 to 10 The present application is further described in detail.

[0058] The embodiment of the present application discloses a gas-liquid impact system.

[0059] A gas-liquid impact system. Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, including rack 1, gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 and impact head 3, gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 is installed on rack 1, gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 includes impact cylinder body 21, impact energy storage container 22, impact rod 23 and impact piston 25, impact cylinder body 21 is located at one end of the rodless cavity and is sealingly connected to impact energy storage container 22 filled with compressed inert gas, impact cylinder body 21 is located at one end of the rod cavity and is installed impact rod 23, impact rod 23 is fixedly connected to impact piston 25 sliding in impact cylinder body 21 at one end close to impact energy storage container 22, the other end of impact rod 23 is installed impact head 3, and connecting device 4 is provided between impact head 3 and impact rod 23 to enable impact head 3 to be separated during impact, the rod cavity of gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 is connected to control device 5 for controlling the movement of impact rod 23; in the initial impact state, impact energy storage container 22 and the rodless cavity of gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 are filled with inert gas at the designed pressure, pressure oil is provided to the rod cavity through control device 5, impact piston 25 of gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 is pushed to retract to the upper limit position of the stroke of gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 against the gas pressure in impact energy storage container 22, and control device 5 is operated to enter the initial impact preparation state, at this time, the gas pressure in impact energy storage container 22 is the working gas pressure set according to the test impact speed and the mass of impact head 3, the oil pressure in the rod cavity of gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 is the set working oil pressure, the quick opening valve group 51 of control device 5 is quickly opened, the oil pressure in the rod cavity of gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 is instantaneously released, impact rod 23 starts the impact stroke under the action of the force difference between the two ends of impact piston 25, impact piston 25 pushes impact rod 23 to perform impact action along the axis of gas-liquid impact cylinder 2, at this time, the high-pressure gas in impact energy storage container 22 continuously acts on impact piston 25, as impact rod 23 and impact piston 25 gradually accelerate, impact rod 23 and impact head 3 continuously increase the impact speed under the combined action of the high-pressure gas in impact energy storage container 22 and the flow resistance of the oil return in the rod cavity of gas-liquid impact cylinder 2, when the impact stroke ends and the impact speed reaches the designed speed, impact rod 23 enters the deceleration action, impact head 3 is separated from impact rod 23 through connecting device 4 under the action of inertia, impact head 3 enters the free impact process and then completes the impact test process, while impact rod 23 enters the buffer stroke under the action of control device 5 of gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 until impact rod 23 stops moving, the impact system completes an impact test process, the gas-liquid impact system has good repeatability and high repetition accuracy, the pre-pressing gas-liquid interactive starting mode of the rodless cavity of gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 is adopted to avoid the problems of slow starting time response speed, time lag and poor time controllability, the impact action time accuracy is high, and high-precision control can be realized.

[0060] With reference to Figure 3 And Figure 4The control device 5 comprises a quick switch valve group 51, one or more parallel volume impact stroke control assemblies 52, a buffer accumulator assembly 53 and a hydraulic station 54. The oil inlet of the quick switch valve group 51 is connected with the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 through a control oil line 55. The oil outlet of the quick switch valve group 51 is connected with the oil inlet of the volume impact stroke control assembly 52 and the oil inlet of the buffer accumulator assembly 53 through a common oil line 56. The hydraulic station 54 is connected with the control oil line 55. The buffer accumulator assembly 53 comprises one or more parallel buffer accumulators. The buffer accumulator can be a bladder accumulator or a piston accumulator. The buffer accumulator is pre-charged with inert gas at a certain pressure.It should be noted that the specific connection oil path structure between the quick switch valve group 51, one or more parallel volumetric impact stroke control assemblies 52, the buffer energy storage assembly 53 and the hydraulic station 54 can be directly connected by pipelines, or an oil path block can be provided, and the connection oil path is provided on the oil path block. The quick switch valve group 51, one or more parallel volumetric impact stroke control assemblies 52 and the buffer energy storage assembly 53 are installed on the oil path block, and the hydraulic station 54 is connected with the oil path block to realize the oil path communication between the parts. The specific structure is not limited in the embodiments of the present application, and any structure that can meet the connection relationship is acceptable. In this way, in the impact initial state, the quick switch valve group 51 is in the closed state, the control piston 522 of the one or more parallel volumetric impact stroke control assemblies 52 is in the impact initial limit position, the rear cavity of the control piston 522 is connected with the atmosphere, the buffer energy storage assembly 53 is in the closed state, the hydraulic station 54 pumps the hydraulic oil to the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 to make the impact rod 23 retract to the upper limit position, and the gas in the rodless cavity is compressed. The gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 has impact conditions, and the impact action starts. The quick switch valve group 51 is opened, and the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 is quickly discharged into the one or more parallel volumetric impact stroke control assemblies 52 under the pushing of the compressed gas in the rodless cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2, to push the control piston 522 of the one or more parallel volumetric impact stroke control assemblies 52 to move from the initial limit position to the stop limit position, and at the same time, the combination of the impact rod 23 and the impact head 3 starts the impact acceleration movement. When the control piston 522 reaches the stop limit position, the combination of the impact rod 23 and the impact head 3 reaches the designed impact speed. Then, the oil pressure in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 instantaneously rises, and when the oil pressure in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 continues to rise to the inflation pressure of the buffer energy storage assembly 53, the hydraulic oil discharged from the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 starts to enter the buffer energy storage assembly 53, and the impact rod 23 is sharply forced to decelerate under the action of the oil pressure. The impact head 3 is separated from the combination of the impact rod 23 and the impact head 3 under the action of the inertial force, and then freely moves until it hits the test object. The impact rod 23 of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 continues to decelerate until the impact rod 23 stops moving, to realize the free impact test of the impact head 3 on the test object, and at the same time, prevent the impact rod 23 from causing impact damage to the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2.

[0061] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3The quick switching valve group 51 includes one or more two-way plug-in hydraulic valves connected in parallel, and the oil outlet of the one or more two-way plug-in hydraulic valves is connected in communication with the oil inlet of the one or more parallel volume impact stroke control assemblies 52 and the oil inlet of the buffer energy storage assembly 53 through a common oil passage 56. It should be noted that the specific structure of the common oil passage 56 connecting the two-way plug-in hydraulic valve, the one or more parallel volume impact stroke control assemblies 52 and the buffer energy storage assembly 53 can be directly connected through a pipeline or connected through an oil passage block, and then the two-way plug-in hydraulic valve, the one or more parallel volume impact stroke control assemblies 52 and the buffer energy storage assembly 53 are connected and installed on the oil passage block to realize the communication therebetween. The quick switching valve group 51 of the present application is one or more two-way plug-in hydraulic valves, and by configuring one or more two-way plug-in hydraulic valves, the demand of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 for large flow can be met, and the impact speed of the impact rod 23 can be instantaneously improved.

[0062] With reference to Figure 4The volumetric impact stroke control assembly 52 comprises a control cylinder 521, a control piston 522, a guide sealing element 5221, a flange 523, a limiting ring 524 and a buffer pad 525. The control piston 522 is provided with a sealing ring groove in the circumference, the guide sealing element 5221 is installed in the sealing ring groove, the control piston 522 is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the control cylinder 521 through the guide sealing element 5221, the flange 523 is installed at one end of the control cylinder 521, the limiting ring 524 is installed at the end of the control cylinder 521 away from the flange 523, the buffer pad 525 is fixedly installed in the inner hole of the limiting ring 524, the end of the buffer pad 525 away from the control piston 522 is in abutment with the cylinder bottom of the control cylinder 521, the buffer pad 525 is made of polyurethane material, the buffer pad 525 made of polyurethane material can effectively buffer the control piston 522 and can improve the service life of the buffer pad 525, the cylinder bottom of the control cylinder 521 is provided with a through hole 5211, the buffer pad 525 is provided with a via hole at the position corresponding to the through hole 5211, the inner hole of the flange 523 is in communication with the oil outlet of the quick switch valve group 51, and the through hole 5211 is connected with a reset assembly 526 for resetting the control piston 522; before the impact starts, the reset assembly 526 pushes the control piston 522 to reset to the initial limit position of the control cylinder 521 close to the end of the flange 523, when the impact rod 23 accelerates, because the rear cavity of the control cylinder 521 is in communication with the atmosphere through the through hole 5211, the control piston 522 moves from the initial limit position to the stop limit position under the pushing of the hydraulic oil, so that the control cylinder 521 can be quickly filled with the hydraulic oil discharged from the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2, when the impact rod 23 accelerates to the designed impact speed, the volumetric impact stroke control assembly 52 cannot accommodate the hydraulic oil any more, the back pressure of the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 increases, and the impact rod 23 suddenly decelerates under the action of the sharp rise of the back pressure, so that the sharp pressure rise and deceleration function of the impact rod 23 is realized.

[0063] Referring to Figure 4The reset assembly 526 includes a reset cylinder 5261, the reset cylinder 5261 includes a reset cylinder body 52611 and a reset piston rod 52612, when the reset piston rod 52612 extends out of the reset cylinder body 52611, can pass through the through hole 5211, and forms an exhaust passage with the through hole 5211, when the control piston 522 is in the stop limit position, the reset piston rod 52612 is retracted into the reset cylinder 5261, when the reset piston rod 52612 extends, the reset piston rod 52612 pushes the control piston 522 to move from the stop limit position to the initial limit position, the reset cylinder 5261 passes through the through hole 5211 by the reset piston rod 52612, and forms an exhaust passage with the through hole 5211, so that the rear cavity of the control piston 522 is communicated with the atmosphere, it should be noted that the mounting structure of the reset cylinder 5261 and the volumetric impact stroke control assembly 52 can be that the reset cylinder 5261 is directly mounted on the control cylinder body 521 of the volumetric impact stroke control assembly 52, or the reset cylinder 5261 is mounted on the rack 1 of the equipment, or mounted on the oil block, as long as the reset piston rod 52612 passes through the through hole 5211 and can realize the reset function of the control piston 522, so that when the reset piston rod 52612 extends, the control piston 522 is pushed from the stop limit position to the impact initial limit position for reset, and when the reset piston rod 52612 is retracted into the reset cylinder body 52611, the rear cavity of the control piston 522 is communicated with the atmosphere through the through hole 5211, which helps to reduce the resistance of the front cavity of the control piston 522 to the hydraulic oil, thereby improving the impact speed of the impact rod 23, when the control piston 522 reaches the stop limit position, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 can be prevented from continuing to enter the volumetric impact stroke control assembly 52, so that the oil pressure rises sharply, thereby forcibly slowing down the impact rod 23, separating the impact rod 23 from the impact head 3, and achieving the impact test of the impact head 3 on the test piece; the reset cylinder 5261 is a gas cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, when the reset cylinder 5261 is a gas cylinder, the gas cylinder is communicated with the power gas source and the atmosphere through a gas exhaust electromagnetic valve; when the reset cylinder 5261 is a hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the hydraulic oil source or the oil tank 545 of the hydraulic station 54 through a first electromagnetic reversing valve 5262, the reset cylinder 5261 is a gas cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, which directly drives the control piston 522 to move from the stop limit position to the initial limit position for reset through the piston rod of the gas cylinder or the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby improving the reliability of reset.

[0064] With reference to Figure 3The hydraulic station 54 comprises a hydraulic pump 541, a second electromagnetic reversing valve 542, a third electromagnetic reversing valve 543 and an oil tank 545. The hydraulic pump 541 is connected with the control oil circuit 55 through the second electromagnetic reversing valve 542. The third electromagnetic reversing valve 543 has an oil inlet connected with the common oil circuit 56 and an oil outlet connected with the oil tank 545. The hydraulic pump 541 pumps hydraulic oil to the control oil circuit 55 through the control of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 542, so as to provide hydraulic power for the impact rod 23 to retract to the upper limit position of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2. The third electromagnetic reversing valve 543 has an oil inlet connected with the common oil circuit 56 and an oil outlet connected with the oil tank 545, so as to facilitate the return of the hydraulic oil in the volumetric impact stroke control assembly 52 and the buffer energy storage assembly 53 to the oil tank 545. The hydraulic station 54 further comprises a safety valve 544. The hydraulic pump 541 is connected with the oil tank 545 through the safety valve 544. The hydraulic pump 541 pumps hydraulic oil to the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2. When the hydraulic oil pumped by the hydraulic pump 541 is higher than the set pressure of the safety valve 544, the safety valve 544 is opened to discharge the hydraulic oil into the oil tank 545, so as to play an overload protection role on the hydraulic system and help to improve the reliability and safety of the operation of the hydraulic station 54.

[0065] With reference to Figure 5 The connecting device 4 comprises a guide piece 41, a connecting piece 42 and an impact breaking piece 43. The guide piece 41 is fixedly installed at the end of the impact rod 23. The guide piece 41 is provided with a guide hole 4112 facing the impact direction. One end of the connecting piece 42 is fixedly connected with the impact head 3. The end of the connecting piece 42 away from the impact head 3 is provided with a guide portion 424. The guide portion 424 penetrates through the guide hole 4112 and is in sliding connection with the guide hole 4112. The guide portion 424 is provided with a containing hole 4241 in the axial direction. One end of the impact breaking piece 43 is provided with a screw rod 431. The other end of the impact breaking piece 43 is provided with a pressing head 432. The screw rod 431 penetrates through the containing hole 4241 and is fixedly connected with the guide piece 41 in a threaded manner. The pressing head 432 presses the connecting piece 42 against the guide piece 41. The guide piece 41, the connecting piece 42 and the impact breaking piece 43 are connected with each other, so that the impact head 3 can complete the impact preparation return motion and the impact motion together with the impact rod 23. When the impact rod 23 reaches the end of the impact acceleration stroke and performs the deceleration buffer control, the impact breaking piece 43 on the connecting device 4 is stretched and instantaneously broken under the action of the great inertial force of the impact head 3, so that the impact head 3 is automatically separated from the impact rod 23, the effective impact load is automatically separated, the free impact posture of the impact head 3 is stably maintained, and then the impact head 3 freely hits the test object, so as to achieve the effect of simulating free impact.

[0066] With reference to Figure 5The guide 41 comprises a cup body 411, the outer wall of the cup body 411 is provided with an external thread 4111 for threadedly fixing with the impact rod 23, the inner wall of the cup body 411 is a guide hole 4112, the guide hole 4112 is coaxially arranged with the impact rod 23, the bottom of the cup body 411 is provided with an internal thread hole 4113 for threadedly connecting with the lead screw 431, the guide 41 is threadedly fixed with the impact rod 23 through the external thread 4111 on the cup body 411, the guide part 424 of the connecting piece 42 is guided through the guide hole 4112, the internal thread hole 4113 on the bottom of the cup body 411 is threadedly fixed with the lead screw 431, the abutting flange 412 is arranged at one end of the cup body 411 close to the cup mouth, one end of the abutting flange 412 close to the connecting piece 42 is tightly abutted with the connecting piece 42, one end of the abutting flange 412 away from the connecting piece 42 is tightly abutted with the impact rod 23, the impact breaking piece 43 is broken under the action of the impact force, the connecting piece 42 keeps the flight attitude before flight under the guidance of the guide hole 4112 through the guide part 424, which helps to improve the effect of the impact head 3 hitting the test object.

[0067] With reference to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The connecting piece 42 comprises a sleeve body 421, the sleeve body 421 is coaxially arranged with the guide part 424, one end of the sleeve body 421 is provided with a connecting flange 422 for connecting the impact head 3, the other end of the sleeve body 421 is provided with a pressing flange 423 for tightly pressing the abutting flange 412, the guide part 424 is arranged at one end of the pressing flange 423 away from the sleeve body 421, the pressing flange 423 is provided with a through hole 4231 for the lead screw 431 to pass through; the connecting piece 42 is fixed with the impact head 3 through the connecting flange 422, the pressing flange 423 is tightly pressed on the abutting flange 412, the through hole 4231 is arranged on the pressing flange 423, which facilitates the installation of the impact breaking piece 43 into the internal thread hole 4113 of the guide 41, so as to tightly install the connecting piece 42 in the guide 41, thereby improving the convenience of installation.

[0068] With reference to Figure 3 The sleeve body 421 is provided with a plurality of operation holes 4211 for installing the impact breaking piece 43, the plurality of operation holes 4211 are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the sleeve body 421; two operation holes 4211 are arranged on the sleeve body 421 of the embodiment, the number of operation holes 4211 of other embodiments of the application is 4, and the number can be selected as long as it can facilitate the installation of the impact breaking piece 43 and does not affect the connection strength of the connecting piece 42, the impact breaking piece 43 is installed on the guide 41 through the arrangement of the operation holes 4211, which improves the convenience of installation operation, the operation holes 4211 are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the sleeve body 421, which helps to ensure the consistency of the strength of the outer wall of the sleeve body 421, prevents the weight of the connecting piece 42 from affecting the flight attitude during impact, and improves the reliability of the connecting piece 42 in impact work.

[0069] With reference to Figure 7 The impact breaking piece 43 is further provided with a rod body 433 connected with the pressing head 432, a reduced diameter portion 434 is arranged between the rod body 433 and the screw rod 431, and the two ends of the reduced diameter portion 434 are respectively connected with the screw rod 431 and the rod body 433 through the transition portions 435 gradually reducing in diameter towards the reduced diameter portion 434. The pressing head 432 of the embodiment is an internal hexagonal head, and the pressing head 432 of other embodiments is an external hexagonal head. The pressing head 432 is an external hexagonal head or an internal hexagonal head, which facilitates the rotation of the pressing head 432 by an external hexagonal wrench or an internal hexagonal wrench and the pressing of the connecting piece 42 on the guide piece 41, thereby improving the convenience of installation operation. The reduced diameter portion 434 is connected with the screw rod 431 and the rod body 433 through the transition portions 435 gradually reducing in diameter towards the reduced diameter portion 434. In this way, the diameter of the reduced diameter portion 434 is smaller than the diameters of the screw rod 431 and the rod body 433. The reduced diameter portion 434 is the weakest part of the impact breaking piece 43. Meanwhile, the reduced diameter portion 434 of the impact breaking piece 43 can bear the load of the sum of the weight of the impact head 3 and the connecting piece 42, thereby ensuring that the impact breaking piece 43 does not break during the preparation before the impact of the impact head 3 and reliably breaks due to the minimum bearing capacity in the state of the impact of the impact head 3, which helps to improve the impact effect of the impact test.

[0070] With reference to Figures 8 to 10, the static pressure bearing body 24 is uniformly distributed with an even number of not less than 4 pressure oil cavities 241 along the inner hole wall, the number of pressure oil cavities 241 in the embodiment of the application is 4, the number of pressure oil cavities 241 in other embodiments of the application is 6 and 8, the number of pressure oil cavities 241 is related to the size of the inner hole diameter of the static pressure bearing, the larger the diameter, the more the number of pressure oil cavities 241 can be selected, the pressure oil cavities 241 are symmetrically arranged along the axial center of the static pressure bearing body 24, and each of the two first oil return ring grooves 243 is provided with an even number of not less than 4 pressure oil cavities 241 on the two sides of the pressure oil cavities 241 in the axial direction with the same interval, the two first oil return ring grooves 243 and the static pressure bearing body 24 inner hole wall between the even number of not less than 4 pressure oil cavities 241, and the outer wall of the impact rod 23 for impact form a communication first oil return ring groove 243 and pressure oil cavity 241 damping ring gap 246, the two first oil return ring grooves 243 are connected with the external oil tank through the oil return channel 245, the even number of not less than 4 pressure oil cavities 241 are respectively communicated with the damping structure, the damping structure is provided with a damping hole 24411, and the even number of not less than 4 pressure oil cavities 241 are respectively communicated with the external pressure oil source through the damping hole 24411; it should be noted that the shape of the pressure oil cavity 241 developed along the circumference can be rectangular or circular, the axial section can be rectangular or crescent, the pressure oil cavity 241 has a certain thickness in the radial direction, the pressure oil can flow freely in the pressure oil cavity 241, and the size of the damping ring gap 246 and the size of the damping hole 24411 are related to the radial load, the oil supply pressure and the flow; in the impact process, when the impact rod 23 is not subjected to external radial load, the oil in each pressure oil cavity 241 pushes the impact rod 23 symmetrically and equally, and the impact rod 23 is in a dynamic balance state at the center position of the static pressure bearing body 241, when the impact rod 23 is subjected to radial load during movement, the gap of the damping ring gap 246 on the side bearing load becomes larger, and the gap of the opposite side becomes smaller, the flow area of the damping ring gap 246 of the pressure oil cavity 241 leading to the first oil return ring groove 243 on the side with smaller gap increases, the flow resistance of the oil channel of the damping ring gap 246 on this side increases, the flow through the damping ring gap 246 on this side decreases, resulting in the decrease of the flow through the oil way damping structure, the pressure drop between the two ends of the damping structure connected with the pressure oil cavity 241 decreases, that is, the oil pressure P L and the oil supply pressure P P The oil pressure difference between the oil supply pressure P P and the oil return pressure P0 is reduced, under the condition that the oil supply pressure P LAs the pressure increases, the thrust of the impact rod 23 in the pressure oil chamber 241 on the side with smaller gap increases, resisting the load and causing the impact rod 23 to return to its center position. Similarly, the flow area of ​​the damping annular gap 246 on the side with larger gap increases, reducing the flow resistance of the oil passage in the damping annular gap 246 on this side. This increases the flow rate to the damping structure of the oil passage in the pressure oil chamber 241 on this side, resulting in an increase in the pressure drop across the damping structure. In other words, the oil pressure P in the pressure oil chamber 241 on this side increases. L With oil supply pressure P P The oil pressure difference between them increases, at the oil supply pressure P P Under the condition that the return oil pressure P0 remains constant, the oil pressure P in the pressure oil chamber 241 on this side is... L The pressure oil chamber 241 on the side with larger gap will inevitably decrease, reducing the balancing thrust of the impact rod 23. This will also cause the impact rod 23 to return to the center position. Through the opposite changes in the thrust of the pressure oil chambers 241 on both sides, the impact rod 23 can resist radial load and achieve automatic centering control function. This reliably ensures that the relative movement between the impact rod 23 and the hydrostatic bearing body 24 is non-contact liquid friction.

[0071] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 10 The damping structure is an oil inlet channel 244 on the outer wall of the hydrostatic bearing body 24, which communicates with the pressure oil chamber 241. A damping plug 2441 is installed on the oil inlet channel 244, and a damping hole 24411 is provided on the damping plug 2441. A pressure oil ring groove 242 is provided circumferentially along the outer wall of the hydrostatic bearing body 24 at the end of the oil inlet channel 244 away from the pressure oil chamber 241. The pressure oil ring groove 242 is connected to the pressure oil channel 211 on the impact cylinder body 21 used to install the hydrostatic bearing body 24, which is connected to an external pressure oil source. The pressure oil ring groove 242 on the outer wall of the hydrostatic bearing body 24 helps each oil inlet channel 244 corresponding to the pressure oil chamber 241 to communicate with the external pressure oil source. The damping plug 2441 installed on the oil inlet channel 244 can better adjust the pressure of the pressure oil chamber 241 and realize the automatic reset of the impact rod 23 to the center position.

[0072] Reference Figure 9The oil return channel 245 is a first transverse oil return channel 2451 communicating with the first oil return ring groove 243, a longitudinal oil return channel 2452 communicating with the two first transverse oil return channels 2451, and a second oil return ring groove 2453 arranged on the outer wall of the static pressure bearing body 241 and connected with the longitudinal oil return channel 2452 through a second transverse oil return channel 2454. The second oil return ring groove 2453 is connected with the external oil tank through the transition oil return channel 212 on the impact cylinder body 21. The oil flowing back through the damping ring gap 246 first flows through the two first oil return ring grooves 243, then flows to the longitudinal oil return channel 2452 through the first transverse oil return channel 2451, and then flows to the second oil return ring groove 2453 through the longitudinal oil return channel 2452 and the second transverse oil return channel 2454, and finally flows to the external oil tank through the transition oil return channel 212 on the impact cylinder body 21, so that the oil in the damping ring gap 246 can flow back to the oil tank, realizing the flow circulation of the damping ring gap 246. It should be noted that, in order to facilitate the machining, the first transverse oil return channel 2451 can be drilled along the radial direction of the static pressure bearing body 241, and then plugged at the entrance of the drilled hole. Similarly, in order to facilitate the machining, the longitudinal oil return channel 2452 can be drilled along the axial direction of the static pressure bearing body 241, and then plugged at the entrance of the drilled hole.

[0073] The application further discloses a gas-liquid impact method.

[0074] The application further discloses a gas-liquid impact method based on the gas-liquid impact system.

[0075] S1. The impact head 3 is installed on the impact rod 23 by the connecting device 4, and inert gas with a preset pressure is filled into the impact energy storage container 22;

[0076] S2. The quick switch valve group 51 is in a locking state, the control piston 522 of the volumetric impact stroke control assembly 52 is in an initial limit position, the through hole 5211 is in communication with the atmosphere, and the buffer energy storage assembly 53 is closed;

[0077] S3. Hydraulic oil is pumped into the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2, the impact rod 23 is retracted to compress the gas in the impact energy storage container 22 in communication with the rodless cavity, and the pumping of the hydraulic oil is stopped when the impact rod 23 is located at the upper limit position;

[0078] S4. The quick switch valve group 51 is opened, the hydraulic oil discharged from the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 enters the volumetric impact stroke control assembly 52 through the quick switch valve group 51, the control piston 522 is driven to move away from the initial limit position to the stop limit position, and the impact rod 23 starts to accelerate under the action of the gas pressure in the impact energy storage container 22, and the impact rod 23 accelerates to the designed impact speed when the control piston 522 reaches the limit stop limit position.

[0079] S5. When the control piston 522 reaches the stop limit position, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 is prevented from continuing to enter the volume impact stroke control assembly 52, causing the oil pressure in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder 2 to rise sharply, thereby forcing the impact rod 23 to decelerate, the impact head 3 separates from the impact rod 23 under the action of inertial force, and the impact head 3 hits the test object;

[0080] S6. When the oil pressure at the oil outlet of the quick switch valve group 51 is higher than the opening pressure of the buffer energy storage assembly 53, the buffer energy storage assembly 53 automatically opens and enters the hydraulic oil, and the impact rod 23 is buffered to decelerate until it stops near the lower limit position;

[0081] S7. Before preparing for the next cycle of impact work, the control piston 522 is reset to the initial limit position, the hydraulic oil in the volume impact stroke control assembly 52 and the buffer energy storage assembly 53 is discharged into the oil tank, and the through hole 5211 is in communication with the atmosphere.

[0082] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not necessarily consecutive to limit the protection scope of the present application, so: any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid impingement system, characterized by: The invention relates to a gas-liquid impact cylinder, comprising a frame (1), a gas-liquid impact cylinder (2) mounted on the frame (1), the gas-liquid impact cylinder (2) comprising an impact cylinder body (21), an impact energy storage container (22), an impact rod (23) and an impact piston (25), the impact cylinder body (21) being sealed and fixed at one end of a rodless cavity and containing the impact energy storage container (22) filled with compressed inert gas, the impact cylinder body (21) being mounted with the impact rod (23) at one end of a rod cavity, the impact rod (23) being fixedly connected to the impact piston (25) sliding in the impact cylinder body (21) at one end close to the impact energy storage container (22), the impact rod (23) being mounted with an impact head (3) at one end away from the impact piston (25), the impact head (3) and the impact rod (23) being provided with a connecting device (4) capable of allowing the impact head (3) to be separated during impact, and the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder (2) being connected with a control device (5) for controlling the movement of the impact rod (23). The control device (5) comprises a quick switch valve group (51), one or more parallel volume type impact stroke control assemblies (52), a buffer energy storage assembly (53) and a hydraulic station (54), the oil inlet of the quick switch valve group (51) being connected with the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder (2) for impact through a control oil way (55), the oil outlet of the quick switch valve group (51) being connected in communication with the oil inlets of one or more parallel volume type impact stroke control assemblies (52) and the oil inlet of the buffer energy storage assembly (53) through a common oil way (56), and the hydraulic station (54) being connected with the control oil way (55). The quick switch valve group (51) comprises one or more parallel two-way cartridge hydraulic valves, and the oil outlets of the one or more two-way cartridge hydraulic valves are connected in communication with the oil inlets of the volume type impact stroke control assemblies (52) and the oil inlet of the buffer energy storage assembly (53) through the common oil way (56).

2. A gas-liquid impingement system according to claim 1, wherein: The volume type impact stroke control assembly (52) comprises a control cylinder body (521), a control piston (522) sliding in the control cylinder body (521), a guide sealing element (5221) arranged between the inner wall of the control cylinder body (521) and the outer wall of the control piston (522), a flange (523) mounted at one end of the control cylinder body (521), a limiting ring (524) mounted at one end of the control cylinder body (521) away from the flange (523), and a buffer pad (525) arranged in the inner hole of the limiting ring (524), the inner hole of the flange (523) being connected in communication with the oil outlet of the quick switch valve group (51), one end of the buffer pad (525) away from the control piston (522) abutting against the cylinder bottom of the control cylinder body (521), and the cylinder bottom of the control cylinder body (521) being provided with a through hole (5211) connected with a reset assembly (526) for resetting the control piston (522).

3. A gas-liquid impingement system according to claim 2, wherein: The reset assembly (526) comprises a reset cylinder (5261), the reset cylinder (5261) comprises a reset cylinder body (52611) and a reset piston rod (52612), when the reset piston rod (52612) extends out of the reset cylinder body (52611), an exhaust passage is formed between the reset piston rod (52612) and the through hole (5211), when the control piston (522) is in the stop limit position, the reset piston rod (52612) is in the position retracted into the reset cylinder body (52611), when the reset piston rod (52612) extends, the reset piston rod (52612) pushes the control piston (522) to move from the stop limit position to the initial limit position.

4. A gas-liquid impingement system according to claim 3, wherein: The connecting device (4) comprises a guide piece (41), a connecting piece (42) and an impact breaking piece (43), the guide piece (41) is fixedly installed at one end of the impact rod (23) away from the impact piston (25), the guide piece (41) is provided with a guide hole (4112) in the direction of impact, one end of the connecting piece (42) is fixedly connected with the impact head (3), the other end of the connecting piece (42) is provided with a guide part (424), the guide part (424) penetrates the guide hole (4112) and is in sliding connection with the guide hole (4112), the guide part (424) is provided with a containing hole (4241) in the axial direction, one end of the impact breaking piece (43) is provided with a lead screw (431), the other end is provided with a pressing head (432), the lead screw (431) penetrates the containing hole (4241) and is in threaded connection with the guide piece (41), the pressing head (432) presses the connecting piece (42) against the guide piece (41).

5. A gas-liquid impingement system according to claim 4, wherein: The guide piece (41) comprises a cup body (411), an outer thread (4111) in threaded connection with the impact rod (23) is arranged on the outer wall of the cup body (411), the inner wall of the cup body (411) is the guide hole (4112), the bottom of the cup body (411) is provided with an inner thread hole (4113) in threaded connection with the lead screw (431).

6. A gas-liquid impingement system according to claim 5, wherein: The impact breaking piece (43) is further provided with a rod body (433) connected with the pressing head (432), a reduced diameter part (434) is arranged between the rod body (433) and the lead screw (431), the two ends of the reduced diameter part (434) are connected with the lead screw (431) and the rod body (433) through the transition parts (435) gradually reducing in diameter towards the reduced diameter part (434).

7. A gas-liquid impingement system according to claim 6, wherein: The impact cylinder (21) is provided with a static pressure bearing body (24) at one end away from the impact energy storage container (22), the static pressure bearing body (24) is provided with an even number of not less than 4 pressure oil chambers (241) uniformly distributed along the inner hole wall, the pressure oil chambers (241) are symmetrically arranged along the axial center of the static pressure bearing body (24), and one first oil return ring groove (243) is arranged at the same interval on both sides of the pressure oil chamber (241) in the axial direction, the static pressure bearing body (24) inner hole wall between the two first oil return ring grooves (243) and the pressure oil chamber (241) of an even number of not less than 4, and the outer wall of the impact rod (23) for impact form a damping ring gap (246) connecting the first oil return ring groove (243) and the pressure oil chamber (241), the two first oil return ring grooves (243) are connected with the external oil tank for storing oil through the oil return channel (245), and the even number of not less than 4 pressure oil chambers (241) are respectively connected with the external pressure oil source through the damping structure provided with the damping hole (24411).

8. A gas-liquid impingement method based on the gas-liquid impingement system of claim 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. The impact head (3) is installed on the impact rod (23) by the connecting device (4), and inert gas with a preset pressure is filled in the impact energy storage container (22); S2. The quick switch valve group (51) is in a locking state, the control piston (522) of the volumetric impact stroke control assembly (52) is in an initial limit position, the through hole (5211) is in communication with the atmosphere, and the buffer energy storage assembly (53) is closed; S3. Hydraulic oil is pumped into the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder (2), the impact rod (23) retracts to compress the gas in the impact energy storage container (22) in communication with the rodless cavity, and the pumping of hydraulic oil is stopped when the impact rod (23) is located at the upper limit position; S4. The quick switch valve group (51) is opened, the hydraulic oil discharged from the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder (2) enters the volumetric impact stroke control assembly (52) through the quick switch valve group (51), the control piston (522) is pushed to move away from the initial limit position to the stop limit position, the impact rod (23) starts to accelerate under the action of gas pressure in the impact energy storage container (22), and when the control piston (522) reaches the limit stop limit position, the impact rod (23) accelerates to the designed impact speed; S5. When the control piston (522) reaches the stop limit position, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder (2) is prevented from continuing to enter the volumetric impact stroke control assembly (52), so that the oil pressure in the rod cavity of the gas-liquid impact cylinder (2) rises sharply, thereby forcibly decelerating the impact rod (23), the impact head (3) is separated from the impact rod (23) under the action of inertial force, and the impact head (3) impacts the test object; S6. When the oil pressure of the oil outlet of the quick switch valve group (51) is higher than the opening pressure of the buffer energy storage assembly (53), the buffer energy storage assembly (53) is automatically opened and enters the hydraulic oil, and the impact rod (23) is slowed down by buffering until it stops near the lower limit position; S7. Before preparing for the next cycle of impact work, the control piston (522) is reset to the initial limit position, the hydraulic oil in the volumetric impact stroke control assembly (52) and the buffer energy storage assembly (53) is discharged into the oil tank (545), and the through hole (5211) is in communication with the atmosphere.

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