Fluorescence detection system and detection method

Abstract

The present application provides a fluorescence detection system and method, wherein the fluorescence detection system includes: a light wheel assembly, the light wheel assembly forming an excitation channel and a receiving channel; a light source assembly and a receiving assembly, disposed on one side of the light wheel assembly, the light source assembly corresponding to the excitation channel, and the receiving assembly corresponding to the receiving channel; and an optical mechanism disposed on the other side of the light wheel assembly. The technical solution of the present application integrates the excitation channel and the receiving channel into the same light wheel assembly and achieves synchronous switching of the excitation channel and the receiving channel through a single light wheel assembly, thereby avoiding the synchronous rotation error problem in traditional dual light wheel structures. It also reduces the size of the light wheel, simplifies the system structure, improves positioning accuracy, and facilitates installation and maintenance. The system has the advantages of simple structure, high positioning accuracy, and easy installation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of biomedical detection technology, and in particular to a fluorescence detection system and detection method. Background Art

[0002] Currently, multi-color fluorescence PCR instruments on the market are categorized into single-channel and multi-channel detectors. The optical detection system of a fluorescence PCR instrument consists of two separate components: the excitation system and the receiving system. Multi-color fluorescence detection can be broadly implemented using dichroic mirrors or a rotating optical wheel.

[0003] For rotating light wheel structures, a model with independent excitation and emission light wheels is adopted, requiring two sets of light wheel modules. The excitation system structure is as follows: the seven-color excitation filters shared by single-channel and multi-channel are evenly distributed on the concentric circles of the excitation light wheel, and the white and ultraviolet two-color light sources required for a single channel are matched with the single-color filters on the excitation light wheel. During detection, the excitation light wheel is driven by an excitation motor to rotate, so that the single-channel two-color light source corresponds to the seven-color excitation filter. The receiving system structure is as follows: the seven-color detection filters shared by single-channel and multi-channel are evenly distributed on the concentric circles of the receiving light wheel, and the position of the single-channel light-collecting plate is matched with the position of the single-color filter. During detection, the receiving light wheel is driven by a receiving motor to rotate, so that the single-channel light-collecting plate corresponds to the seven-color detection filter.

[0004] During testing, this type of fluorescence PCR instrument with a rotating light wheel structure requires separate control of the excitation and receiving light wheel motors to achieve real-time synchronous rotation. This results in significant angular errors in synchronous rotation, which are difficult to compensate for through motor control. Furthermore, since this approach requires dual-motor control, it requires a large installation space, has a complex component structure, and is costly to produce. It also suffers from poor positioning accuracy and inconvenient installation and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of the present application provides a fluorescence detection system, comprising:

[0006] A light wheel assembly, wherein the light wheel assembly is formed with an excitation channel and a receiving channel;

[0007] A light source assembly and a receiving assembly are arranged on one side of the optical wheel assembly, the light source assembly corresponds to the excitation channel, and the receiving assembly corresponds to the receiving channel;

[0008] An optical mechanism is arranged on the other side of the optical wheel assembly, and is used to guide the laser emitted by the light source assembly through the excitation channel to irradiate the PCR reagent tube to be detected located on the other side of the optical wheel assembly to excite fluorescence, and guide the fluorescence through the receiving channel to irradiate the receiving assembly on the same side as the light source assembly.

[0009] A further technical solution may be that the excitation channels include at least a plurality of channels, the receiving channels include at least a plurality of channels, and the number of the excitation channels is equal to that of the receiving channels and the number of the channels is one-to-one corresponding to the number of the receiving channels;

[0010] The optical wheel assembly can be driven to move so that the light source assembly switches to another adjacent excitation channel and the receiving assembly switches to another adjacent receiving channel.

[0011] A further technical solution may be that the light source assembly corresponds to at least two of the excitation channels at the same time;

[0012] The receiving component corresponds to at least two of the receiving channels at the same time.

[0013] A further technical solution may be that the optical wheel assembly can be driven to rotate;

[0014] The plurality of excitation channels are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotation axis of the optical wheel assembly;

[0015] The plurality of receiving channels are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotating axis of the optical wheel assembly.

[0016] A further technical solution may be that the fluorescence detection system further includes:

[0017] a first side panel and a second side panel disposed opposite to each other;

[0018] The optical wheel assembly is rotatably disposed between the first side plate and the second side plate;

[0019] The light source assembly and the receiving assembly are arranged on the first side plate, and the first side plate is provided with a light source through hole connected to the excitation channel and a receiving through hole connected to the receiving channel;

[0020] The optical mechanism is arranged on the second side panel, and the second side panel is provided with excitation light guide holes and receiving light guide holes. The excitation light guide holes are the same in number and correspond one-to-one with the light source through holes, and the receiving light guide holes are the same in number and correspond one-to-one with the receiving through holes.

[0021] A further technical solution may also be that the optical mechanism includes:

[0022] a first optical component, one end of the first optical component being connected to the excitation light guide hole, and the other end being connected to the PCR reagent tube;

[0023] A second optical component, one end of the second optical component is connected to the receiving light guide hole, and the other end is connected to the PCR reagent tube.

[0024] A further technical solution may be that both the first optical component and the second optical component include:

[0025] An optical fiber, one end of which is connected to the excitation light guide hole or the receiving light guide hole, and the other end of which is connected to the PCR reagent tube, for guiding the laser or the fluorescence;

[0026] An optical fiber pressing plate, sleeved on the optical fiber, for mounting the optical fiber on the excitation light guide hole or the receiving light guide hole;

[0027] The rubber ring is sleeved on the optical fiber and is used to be abutted against the second side plate by the optical fiber pressing plate.

[0028] A further technical solution may be that the inclination angle of the end face of the end of the optical fiber connected to the PCR reagent tube is the same as the inclination angle of the side face of the PCR reagent tube.

[0029] The second aspect of the present application further provides a detection method for a fluorescence detection system, comprising:

[0030] Excitation step: The light source assembly emits laser light from one side of the light wheel assembly and passes through the excitation channel of the light wheel assembly to the other side of the light wheel assembly. The laser light is guided by an optical mechanism and irradiates the PCR reagent tube to be tested on the other side of the light wheel assembly.

[0031] Receiving step: The PCR reagent tube is stimulated to emit fluorescence after being irradiated by the laser. The fluorescence passes through the receiving channel of the optical wheel assembly under the guidance of the optical mechanism and is irradiated on the receiving assembly on the same side as the light source assembly.

[0032] A further technical solution may also be that, after the receiving step, the following further steps are included:

[0033] Switching step: driving the optical wheel assembly to rotate so that the light source assembly switches to another adjacent excitation channel and the receiving assembly switches to another adjacent receiving channel;

[0034] After completing the switching step, repeat the exciting step and the receiving step.

[0035] A further technical solution may be that the number of the excitation channels is n, where n is an integer divisible by 360 and greater than 7;

[0036] In the switching step, the rotation angle of the optical wheel assembly is m, where m= 360° / n.

[0037] The technical solution of this application integrates the excitation channel and the receiving channel into the same optical wheel assembly and achieves synchronous switching of the excitation channel and the receiving channel through a single optical wheel assembly, thus avoiding the synchronous rotation error problem in the traditional dual optical wheel structure. At the same time, it reduces the size of the optical wheel, simplifies the system structure, improves positioning accuracy, and facilitates installation and maintenance. It has the advantages of simple structure, high positioning accuracy, and easy installation and maintenance. At the same time, because the excitation channel and the receiving channel are integrated into the same optical wheel assembly, it can ensure that the excitation channel and the receiving channel arranged on the optical wheel assembly can move synchronously when the optical wheel assembly moves, thus solving the synchronization error problem in the traditional dual-motor control mode and improving the accuracy and stability of detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the relevant drawings. It should be understood that the drawings described below are only used to illustrate some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain many other technical features and connection relationships not mentioned herein based on these drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a fluorescence detection system provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a light wheel assembly is provided for another embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Reference numerals:

[0042] 1. Optical wheel assembly; 11. Excitation channel; 12. Receiving channel; 13. Optical wheel body; 131. Optical wheel plate; 132. Optical wheel cover plate;

[0043] 14. Excitation filter; 15. Receiving filter;

[0044] 2. Light source assembly;

[0045] 3. Receiving component;

[0046] 4. Optical mechanism; 41. First optical component; 411. Optical fiber; 412. Optical fiber pressure plate; 413. Rubber ring; 42. Second optical component;

[0047] 5. First side panel;

[0048] 6. Second side panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0050] The inventors of this application discovered that existing fluorescent PCR instruments employing a rotating optical wheel structure all employ independent excitation and emission optical wheels. These excitation and receiving optical wheel motors must be controlled separately to achieve real-time synchronous rotation. This results in significant synchronous rotation angle errors, making them difficult to compensate for through motor control. Furthermore, because this approach requires dual-motor control, it requires a large installation space, a complex component structure, and high production costs. Furthermore, it also suffers from poor positioning accuracy and inconvenient installation and maintenance.

[0051] Implementation Method 1

[0052] The first embodiment of the present application provides a light wheel assembly 1, which is applied to a fluorescence detection system, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the optical wheel assembly 1 is formed with an excitation channel 11 and a receiving channel 12;

[0053] One side of the optical wheel assembly 1 is used to connect with the light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3, and the other side is used to connect with the PCR reagent tube to be detected, wherein the light source assembly 2 corresponds to the excitation channel 11, and the receiving assembly 3 corresponds to the receiving channel 12;

[0054] The light emitted by the light source assembly 2 is irradiated onto the PCR reagent tube to be detected located on the other side of the light wheel assembly 1 through the excitation channel 11. The PCR reagent tube excites fluorescence and is irradiated onto the receiving assembly 3 on the same side as the light source assembly 2 through the receiving channel 12.

[0055] Accordingly, the second aspect of this embodiment also discloses a fluorescence detection system, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0056] A light wheel assembly 1, wherein the light wheel assembly 1 is formed with an excitation channel 11 and a receiving channel 12;

[0057] The light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 are arranged on one side of the optical wheel assembly 1, the light source assembly 2 corresponds to the excitation channel 11, and the receiving assembly 3 corresponds to the receiving channel 12;

[0058] The optical mechanism 4 is arranged on the other side of the optical wheel assembly 1. The optical mechanism 4 is used to guide the laser emitted by the light source assembly 2 through the excitation channel 11 to irradiate the PCR reagent tube to be detected located on the other side of the optical wheel assembly 1 to excite fluorescence, and guide the fluorescence through the receiving channel 12 to irradiate the receiving assembly 3 on the same side as the light source assembly 2.

[0059] Accordingly, the third aspect of this embodiment further discloses a detection method for a fluorescence detection system, comprising:

[0060] Excitation step: The light source assembly 2 emits laser light from one side of the light wheel assembly 1 and passes through the excitation channel 11 of the light wheel assembly 1 to the other side of the light wheel assembly 1. The laser light is guided by the optical mechanism 4 and irradiates the PCR reagent tube to be tested on the other side of the light wheel assembly 1.

[0061] Receiving step: The PCR reagent tube is stimulated to emit fluorescence after being irradiated by the laser. The fluorescence passes through the receiving channel 12 of the optical wheel assembly 1 under the guidance of the optical mechanism 4 and is irradiated on the receiving assembly 3 on the same side as the light source assembly 2.

[0062] In the prior art, the excitation channel and the receiving channel are respectively set on two different optical wheels, and two motors are used to drive the two optical wheels to rotate to switch the excitation channel and the receiving channel. However, the solution adopted in this embodiment is to set the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 together on the same optical wheel assembly 1, the light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 are set on one side of the optical wheel assembly 1, and the PCR reagent tube to be tested is set on the other side of the optical wheel assembly 1. In this way, the light emitted by the light source assembly 2 can be irradiated on the PCR reagent tube to be tested located on the other side of the optical wheel assembly 1 through the excitation channel 11, and the PCR reagent tube excites fluorescence and irradiates the receiving assembly 3 on the same side as the light source assembly 2 through the receiving channel 12.

[0063] It's worth noting that in the prior art, the light path along the optical wheel is unidirectional: the light source assembly emits laser light from one side of the optical wheel, which passes through the wheel and receives fluorescence stimulated by the PCR reagent tubes via the receiving assembly on the other side. In this embodiment, however, the light path along the optical wheel assembly 1 is bidirectional: the light source assembly 2 emits laser light from one side of the optical wheel, which passes through the wheel and illuminates the PCR reagent tubes on the other side of the optical wheel assembly 1, stimulating fluorescence. The fluorescence then travels in the opposite direction of the laser light, through the optical wheel assembly 1, and illuminates the receiving assembly 3 on the same side of the light source assembly 2. This reduces the number of optical wheel assemblies 1, effectively reducing the size of the fluorescence detection system.

[0064] In this embodiment, the optical mechanism 4 is used to guide the laser emitted by the light source assembly 2 and the fluorescence excited by the PCR reagent tube. Specifically, the optical mechanism 4 may include a first optical component 41 and a second optical component 42 having similar structures; wherein the first optical component 41 is used to irradiate the laser emitted from the excitation channel 11 onto the PCR reagent tube, so that the PCR reagent tube excites fluorescence; and the second optical component 42 is used to guide the fluorescence excited by the PCR reagent tube to the receiving channel 12, so that the fluorescence can pass through the receiving channel 12 and irradiate the receiving assembly 3. Since the first optical component 41 and the second optical component 42 have similar structures, the first optical component 41 is used as an example for description. Specifically, in some embodiments, the first optical component 41 may include a focusing lens for focusing light and a refractive lens for refracting light to change the propagation angle of light.

[0065] Implementation Method 2

[0066] The inventors found that in existing fluorescence detection systems, it is usually necessary to set up multiple one-to-one corresponding excitation channels 11 and receiving channels 12. Multiple filters of different colors are set inside the excitation channels 11 and the receiving channels 12 to filter the laser emitted by the light source component 2 and output laser of a set color; then the light wheel is rotated by the motor to make the light source component 2 switch to different excitation channels 11 and the receiving component 3 switch to different receiving channels 12, thereby realizing multi-channel detection.

[0067] This embodiment is a further improvement based on the first embodiment to meet the requirements of multi-channel detection. Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the excitation channels 11 include at least a plurality of channels, the receiving channels 12 include at least a plurality of channels, and the number of the excitation channels 11 and the number of the receiving channels 12 are equal and correspond one to one;

[0068] The optical wheel assembly 1 can be driven to move so that the light source assembly 2 switches to another adjacent excitation channel 11 and the receiving assembly 3 switches to another adjacent receiving channel 12 .

[0069] By driving the light wheel assembly 1 to move, the light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 can be switched to the adjacent excitation channel 11 and receiving channel 12, respectively, to achieve multi-channel detection. Specifically, the light wheel assembly 1 can be rotated or linearly moved by a motor or other driving device, so that the light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 can switch between different channels. Moreover, in this embodiment, since the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 are integrated into the same light wheel assembly 1, the problem of synchronous rotation error in the traditional dual light wheel structure is avoided. At the same time, the volume of the light wheel is reduced, the system structure is simplified, the positioning accuracy is improved, and installation and maintenance are facilitated. It has the advantages of simple structure, high positioning accuracy, and easy installation and maintenance.

[0070] The optical wheel assembly 1 can be driven in a variety of ways. For example, a stepper motor can be used to drive the rotation of the optical wheel assembly 1, or a linear drive can be used to achieve translational motion of the optical wheel assembly 1. Furthermore, the motion of the optical wheel assembly 1 can be precisely controlled by a control system to ensure accurate positioning of the light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 when switching channels.

[0071] Compared with the prior art, in this embodiment, the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 are integrated into the same optical wheel assembly 1 and synchronous switching of the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 is achieved through the single optical wheel assembly 1, thereby avoiding the problem of synchronous rotation error in the traditional dual optical wheel structure. At the same time, the optical wheel volume is reduced, the system structure is simplified, the positioning accuracy is improved, and installation and maintenance are facilitated. The embodiment has the advantages of simple structure, high positioning accuracy, and easy installation and maintenance. At the same time, since the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 are integrated into the same optical wheel assembly 1, it can be ensured that when the optical wheel assembly 1 moves, the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 set on the optical wheel assembly 1 can move synchronously, thereby solving the problem of synchronization error in the traditional dual-motor control mode and improving the accuracy and stability of detection.

[0072] It is worth mentioning that, in some embodiments, the light source assembly 2 corresponds to at least two of the excitation channels 11 at the same time;

[0073] The receiving component 3 corresponds to at least two of the receiving channels 12 at the same time.

[0074] Specifically, the light source assembly 2 can be a dual-channel, dual-color light source assembly. It has two laser emission ports, each corresponding to the two excitation channels 11, and can emit laser light into each of the two excitation channels 11 for fluorescence detection. Correspondingly, the receiving assembly 3 has two fluorescence receiving ports, each corresponding to the two receiving channels 12. In this way, each movement of the light wheel assembly 1 can complete dual-color fluorescence detection.

[0075] In some embodiments, the optical wheel assembly 1 can be driven to rotate;

[0076] The plurality of excitation channels 11 are distributed circumferentially with the rotation axis of the optical wheel assembly 1 as the axis;

[0077] The plurality of receiving channels 12 are distributed around the circumference of the rotating axis of the optical wheel assembly 1 .

[0078] Accordingly, after the receiving step, the method further includes:

[0079] Switching step: driving the optical wheel assembly 1 to rotate, so that the light source assembly 2 switches to another adjacent excitation channel 11 and the receiving assembly 3 switches to another adjacent receiving channel 12;

[0080] After completing the switching step, repeat the exciting step and the receiving step.

[0081] In this embodiment, the optical wheel assembly 1 can be driven to rotate, enabling the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 to be switched during the detection process. Multiple excitation channels 11 and receiving channels 12 are distributed around the circumference of the optical wheel assembly 1. This design ensures that each excitation channel 11 and receiving channel 12 sequentially corresponds to the light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 as the optical wheel assembly 1 rotates, thereby achieving multi-channel fluorescence detection.

[0082] In some more preferred embodiments, the plurality of excitation channels 11 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotation axis of the optical wheel assembly 1;

[0083] The plurality of receiving channels 12 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotating axis of the optical wheel assembly 1 .

[0084] In this embodiment, the excitation channels 11 and receiving channels 12 are evenly distributed around the rotation axis of the optical wheel assembly 1. This allows the light source assembly 2 and receiving assembly 3 to sequentially correspond to multiple excitation channels 11 and receiving channels 12 whenever the optical wheel assembly 1 rotates a certain angle. This not only improves detection accuracy but also simplifies the structural design and reduces the complexity of synchronization control.

[0085] In addition, it is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, the light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 are both arranged on the same side of the optical wheel assembly 1. Therefore, in order to smoothly install the light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 on the same side of the optical wheel assembly 1 and ensure that the two can operate normally and do not interfere with each other, it is necessary to restrict the positions of the multiple excitation channels 11 and the receiving channels 12. Specifically, the circle where the multiple excitation channels 11 are located is concentric with the circle where the multiple receiving channels 12 are located but have different diameters. Through the above arrangement, the excitation channels 11 and the receiving channels 12 can be staggered with each other in the radial direction of the optical wheel assembly 1, thereby avoiding the necessary installation space for the light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 to ensure that the two can operate normally and do not interfere with each other. In addition, such an arrangement can effectively reduce the volume of the system.

[0086] In some other preferred embodiments, any one of the excitation channels 11 is located on a line connecting the midpoint of a line connecting two adjacent receiving channels 12 and the rotation axis of the optical wheel assembly 1 .

[0087] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, multiple excitation channels 11 and receiving channels 12 can be staggered with each other in the circumferential direction of the optical wheel assembly 1. On the one hand, it can further make room for the necessary installation of the light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3; on the other hand, it can also effectively reduce the diameter of the optical wheel assembly 1, thereby reducing the volume of the system.

[0088] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the optical wheel assembly 1 may include:

[0089] Nimbus body 13;

[0090] an excitation filter 14 , which is disposed on the optical wheel body 13 and located in the excitation channel 11 ;

[0091] The receiving filter 15 is disposed on the optical wheel body 13 and located in the receiving channel 12 .

[0092] The light wheel body 13 includes:

[0093] A light wheel plate 131 , wherein the light wheel plate 131 is provided with filter mounting slots for mounting the excitation filter 14 and the receiving filter 15 ;

[0094] The optical wheel cover 132 is connected to the optical wheel plate 131 to cooperate with the optical wheel plate 131 to fix the excitation filter 14 and the receiving filter 15 .

[0095] From the above, it can be seen that the excitation channels 11 and the receiving channels 12 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the optical wheel assembly 1, and every time the optical wheel assembly 1 rotates a certain angle, the light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 can correspond to multiple excitation channels 11 and receiving channels 12 in sequence. In actual application, a drive motor is usually used to drive the optical wheel assembly 1 to rotate. Therefore, in order to facilitate the control of the rotation of the drive motor and ensure the rotation accuracy of the drive motor, it is necessary to limit the number of excitation channels 11 and receiving channels 12. Specifically, the number of the excitation channels 11 is an integer that is divisible by 360 and greater than 7, and the number of the receiving channels 12 is the same as that of the excitation channels 11 and corresponds one to one. Specifically, the number of the excitation channels 11 is n, where n is an integer that is divisible by 360 and greater than 7.

[0096] The number of excitation channels 11 is n, where n is divisible by 360. Thus, each time the optical wheel rotates, the light source assembly 2 switches to another adjacent excitation channel 11 and causes the receiving assembly 3 to switch to another adjacent receiving channel 12; at this time, the rotation angle of the optical wheel assembly 1 is m, where m=360° / n.

[0097] It should be additionally explained that the existing multi-channel fluorescence detection system usually needs to perform seven-color fluorescence detection, so there are at least 7 excitation channels 11 and receiving channels 12. Therefore, setting the number n of excitation channels 11 to an integer that is divisible by 360 and greater than 7 can meet the needs of the fluorescence detection system. In some embodiments, the number n of excitation channels 11 is 8. Specifically, the optical wheel assembly 1 is provided with 8 excitation channels 11 and 8 receiving channels 12 corresponding one to one to the excitation channels 11. Among them, any 7 excitation channels 11 and the corresponding 7 receiving channels 12 are used to meet the seven-color fluorescence detection, and the remaining excitation channel 11 and receiving channel 12 can be used as spare channels to meet additional detection requirements.

[0098] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the optical wheel body 13 has three concentric circles, wherein the center of the circle is used to connect to the drive motor. The outer circle of the optical wheel body 13 is distributed with 8 excitation channels 11, and the circle in the middle is distributed with 8 receiving channels 12. Excitation filters 14 of different colors are installed in sequence in the 8 excitation channels 11, and receiving filters 15 of different colors are installed in sequence in the 8 receiving channels 12. The excitation filters 14 in the excitation channels 11 can correspond one-to-one with the receiving filters 15 in the receiving channels 12. When performing fluorescence detection, the optical wheel assembly 1 rotates 45° each time, and the corresponding excitation channel 11 and receiving channel 12 can excite and receive fluorescence once; when the optical wheel assembly 1 rotates one circle, the seven-color fluorescence detection can be completed.

[0099] It is worth mentioning that the number of excitation channels 11 and receiving channels 12 is not limited to 8, and can also be any number greater than 8 that meets the above conditions. Among them, any 7 excitation channels 11 and the corresponding 7 receiving channels 12 are used to meet seven-color fluorescence detection, and the remaining excitation channels 11 and receiving channels 12 can be used as redundancy, on the one hand to meet other additional fluorescence detection requirements, and on the other hand as replacements when any excitation channel 11 or excitation channel 12 fails to work.

[0100] Implementation Method 3

[0101] This embodiment is a further improvement based on the second embodiment, and its improvement is that, Figure 1 As shown, the fluorescence detection system also includes:

[0102] A first side plate 5 and a second side plate 6 arranged opposite to each other;

[0103] The optical wheel assembly 1 is rotatably disposed between the first side plate 5 and the second side plate 6;

[0104] The light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 are arranged on the first side plate 5. The first side plate 5 is provided with a light source through hole connected to the excitation channel 11 and a receiving through hole connected to the receiving channel 12;

[0105] The optical mechanism 4 is arranged on the second side plate 6, and the second side plate 6 is provided with excitation light guide holes and receiving light guide holes. The number of the excitation light guide holes is the same as that of the light source through holes and they correspond one to one. The number of the receiving light guide holes is the same as that of the receiving through holes and they correspond one to one.

[0106] The technical solution of the present application enables the optical wheel assembly 1 to rotate between the two side panels by providing a first side panel 5 and a second side panel 6. The light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 are respectively provided on the first side panel 5, and are connected to the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 of the optical wheel assembly 1 through the light source through hole and the receiving through hole. The optical mechanism 4 is provided on the second side panel 6, and is connected to the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 of the optical wheel assembly 1 through the excitation light guide hole and the receiving light guide hole. The purpose of this design is to enable the light emitted by the light source assembly 2 to illuminate the PCR reagent tube to be detected through the excitation channel 11, and the fluorescence excited by the PCR reagent tube to illuminate the receiving assembly 3 through the receiving channel 12 during the detection process.

[0107] Specifically, the light wheel assembly 1 is capable of rotating between the first side plate 5 and the second side plate 6. The light source assembly 2 and the receiving assembly 3 are connected to the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 of the light wheel assembly 1 through the light source through-hole and the receiving through-hole, respectively. The optical mechanism 4 is connected to the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 of the light wheel assembly 1 through the excitation light guide hole and the receiving light guide hole, respectively. This allows light emitted by the light source assembly 2 to illuminate the PCR reagent tube through the excitation channel 11, and the excited fluorescence to illuminate the receiving assembly 3 through the receiving channel 12.

[0108] This design avoids the traditional dual-motor control mode, reduces installation space, lowers production costs, simplifies the structure, improves positioning accuracy, and facilitates installation and maintenance. Furthermore, by synchronously driving the rotation of the excitation channel 11 and the receiving channel 12 through the optical wheel, real-time control errors between the excitation and receiving optical wheel motors are avoided, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of detection.

[0109] Correspondingly, one end of the first optical component 41 is connected to the excitation light guide hole, and the other end is connected to the PCR reagent tube;

[0110] One end of the second optical component 42 is connected to the receiving light guide hole, and the other end is connected to the PCR reagent tube.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first optical component 41 and the second optical component 42 can use optical fibers to transmit light. Figure 1 As shown, the first optical component 41 and the second optical component 42 both include:

[0112] An optical fiber 411 , one end of which is connected to the excitation light guide hole or the receiving light guide hole, and the other end of which is connected to the PCR reagent tube, for guiding the laser or the fluorescence;

[0113] An optical fiber pressing plate 412 is sleeved on the optical fiber 411 and is used to install the optical fiber 411 on the excitation light guide hole or the receiving light guide hole;

[0114] The rubber ring 413 is sleeved on the optical fiber 411 and is used to be abutted against the second side plate 6 by the optical fiber pressing plate 412 .

[0115] In this embodiment, an optical fiber 411 is used as a light-guiding element to guide the laser from the excitation light-guiding hole to the PCR reagent tube, or to guide the fluorescence from the PCR reagent tube to the receiving light-guiding hole. The optical fiber pressure plate 412 is used to fix the position of the optical fiber 411 to ensure that the optical fiber 411 can stably transmit the optical signal. The rubber ring 413 provides additional fixing and sealing to prevent the optical fiber 411 from loosening or leaking light during installation. Through this design, the transmission of optical signals can be effectively achieved, and the structure is relatively simple, making installation and maintenance more convenient.

[0116] Furthermore, the other end of the optical fiber 411 is connected to the PCR reagent tube for guiding laser or fluorescence. The optical fiber pressure plate 412 is sleeved on the optical fiber 411 for fixing the optical fiber 411 on the excitation light guide hole or the receiving light guide hole. The rubber ring 413 is sleeved on the optical fiber 411 for being abutted on the second side plate 6 by the optical fiber pressure plate 412. The use of the optical fiber 411 makes the transmission of laser and fluorescence more efficient and stable. The design of the optical fiber pressure plate 412 and the rubber ring 413 ensures the stability and sealing of the optical fiber 411, and avoids the loss and interference of the optical signal. In this embodiment, the use of the optical fiber 411 improves the efficiency and stability of the optical signal transmission, and the design of the optical fiber pressure plate 412 and the rubber ring 413 ensures the fixation and sealing of the optical fiber 411, making the entire system more reliable and easy to maintain.

[0117] In some preferred embodiments, the end face of optical fiber 411, connected to the PCR reagent tube, has an angle of inclination that is the same as the side face of the PCR reagent tube. This design ensures a tight fit between the end face of optical fiber 411 and the side of the PCR reagent tube, thereby improving light transmission efficiency, reducing light loss, and thereby enhancing detection accuracy. This design ensures a stable and reliable connection between optical fiber 411 and the PCR reagent tube, effectively avoiding light leakage and detection errors caused by gaps between optical fiber 411 and the tube.

[0118] Specifically, the end face of optical fiber 411 can be precisely cut to the same angle as the side of the PCR tube. This allows the end face of optical fiber 411 to perfectly align with the side of the tube during installation, ensuring efficient transmission of optical signals, reducing return loss, and maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio, thereby improving the detection limit of the reagent. Furthermore, the angle of the end face of optical fiber 411 can be adjusted to suit the shape and size of different PCR tubes to accommodate diverse application requirements.

[0119] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A fluorescence detection system, characterized in that: include: A light wheel assembly, wherein the light wheel assembly is formed with an excitation channel and a receiving channel; The excitation channels include a plurality of channels, and the receiving channels include a plurality of channels, and the number of the excitation channels is equal to and corresponds to the number of the receiving channels. The plurality of excitation channels are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotation axis of the optical wheel assembly. The plurality of receiving channels are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotating axis of the optical wheel assembly; A light source assembly and a receiving assembly are arranged on one side of the optical wheel assembly, the light source assembly corresponds to the excitation channel, and the receiving assembly corresponds to the receiving channel; the optical wheel assembly can be driven to move so that the light source assembly switches to another adjacent excitation channel and the receiving assembly switches to another adjacent receiving channel; An optical mechanism is arranged on the other side of the optical wheel assembly, and is used to guide the laser emitted by the light source assembly through the excitation channel to irradiate the PCR reagent tube to be detected located on the other side of the optical wheel assembly to excite fluorescence, and guide the fluorescence through the receiving channel to irradiate the receiving assembly on the same side as the light source assembly.

2. The fluorescence detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that The light source assembly corresponds to at least two of the excitation channels at the same time; The receiving component corresponds to at least two of the receiving channels at the same time.

3. The fluorescence detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: a first side panel and a second side panel disposed opposite to each other; The optical wheel assembly is rotatably disposed between the first side plate and the second side plate; The light source assembly and the receiving assembly are arranged on the first side plate, and the first side plate is provided with a light source through hole connected to the excitation channel and a receiving through hole connected to the receiving channel; The optical mechanism is arranged on the second side panel, and the second side panel is provided with excitation light guide holes and receiving light guide holes. The excitation light guide holes are the same in number and correspond one-to-one with the light source through holes, and the receiving light guide holes are the same in number and correspond one-to-one with the receiving through holes.

4. The fluorescence detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical mechanism comprises: a first optical component, one end of the first optical component being connected to the excitation light guide hole, and the other end being connected to the PCR reagent tube; A second optical component, one end of the second optical component is connected to the receiving light guide hole, and the other end is connected to the PCR reagent tube.

5. The fluorescence detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first optical component and the second optical component both include: An optical fiber, one end of which is connected to the excitation light guide hole or the receiving light guide hole, and the other end of which is connected to the PCR reagent tube, for guiding the laser or the fluorescence; An optical fiber pressing plate, sleeved on the optical fiber, for mounting the optical fiber on the excitation light guide hole or the receiving light guide hole; The rubber ring is sleeved on the optical fiber and is used to be abutted against the second side plate by the optical fiber pressing plate.

6. The fluorescence detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the end face of the end of the optical fiber connected to the PCR reagent tube is the same as the inclination angle of the side face of the PCR reagent tube.

7. A detection method, used in the fluorescence detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: Excitation step: The light source assembly emits laser light from one side of the light wheel assembly and passes through the excitation channel of the light wheel assembly to the other side of the light wheel assembly. The laser light is guided by an optical mechanism and irradiates the PCR reagent tube to be tested on the other side of the light wheel assembly. Receiving step: The PCR reagent tube is stimulated to emit fluorescence after being irradiated by the laser. The fluorescence passes through the receiving channel of the optical wheel assembly under the guidance of the optical mechanism and is irradiated on the receiving assembly on the same side as the light source assembly.

8. The detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that After the receiving step, the method further includes: Switching step: driving the optical wheel assembly to rotate so that the light source assembly switches to another adjacent excitation channel and the receiving assembly switches to another adjacent receiving channel; After completing the switching step, repeat the exciting step and the receiving step.

9. The detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that The number of the excitation channels is n, where n is an integer divisible by 360 and greater than 7; In the switching step, the rotation angle of the optical wheel assembly is m, where m=360° / n.

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